Features of the use of hormone replacement therapy drugs. HRT for menopause: new generation drugs Hormone replacement therapy for premenopause

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The site provides background information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Consultation with a specialist is required!

general information

Hormones are active substances that are involved in all physiological processes. They are produced by glands internal secretion and coordinate various processes: growth, reproduction, metabolism, and so on.

Hormone therapy in children

This type of treatment requires special qualifications from doctors, since the use of even the “lightest” hormonal agent necessarily reduces the activity of the gland that secretes it. It should be understood that the endocrine glands finally develop only at the age of twenty-five. Therefore, inept use of hormones can disrupt the natural process of becoming endocrine system.

Children are prescribed hormonal drugs only on special occasions and those that are quickly destroyed in the body ( prednisolone, hydrocortisone). It is better to give medicine containing hormones to your baby during ( or before) breakfast.
Children are very carefully prescribed insulin medications. The presence of glucose in the urine does not necessarily indicate diabetes. There are many diseases that are similar in their manifestations to diabetes, but not all of them are associated with a lack of insulin. Usually, when treating such diseases, hospitals do not use hormonal drugs.

After infectious diseases and if the functioning of the endocrine glands is disrupted, in some cases children are prescribed anabolic steroids, but they should absolutely not be used for illnesses of an infectious-allergic nature ( for example, collagenosis, glomerulonephritis).
Any hormonal drugs can be given to babies only after consulting an endocrinologist and in strict accordance with the prescribed dosage.
During the course of treatment, you need to carefully monitor the baby’s condition, his body weight, work digestive system.
If prednisolone is prescribed, you need to periodically check the amount of calcium and sugar in the blood, make sure that the child does not have increased body hair, does not have high blood pressure, or signs of decreased adrenal function.

Replacement therapy for menopause

During menopause, a woman’s body produces not only less of the female sex hormone - estrogen, but also its weaker form - estrone. Thanks to the introduction of replacement therapy, the level of female sex hormone in the body is normalized, which has a beneficial effect on the condition of the body.

Pros:

• The work of the brain is activated,
• Sleep is normalized
• Blood pressure normalizes,
• Heart rate normalizes
• Collagen fibers are strengthened in blood vessels, cartilage, skin,
• Atherosclerosis is prevented ( increases the amount of high-density lipoproteins - good cholesterol),
• The likelihood of a heart attack and heart attacks is reduced, the likelihood of death from coronary diseases is reduced by half,
• Reduces the risk of stroke by 50%,
• The likelihood of fractures due to osteoporosis is reduced by 50%,
• Symptoms of menopause such as vaginal dryness, vulvar itching, atrophy of the vaginal mucosa, difficulty urinating,
• Work is regulated thyroid gland,
• Body weight does not increase under the influence of testosterones.

Contraindications:

• Severe forms of diabetes mellitus,
• Liver dysfunction,
• Unexplained vaginal bleeding.

A large selection of drugs for replacement therapy, as well as modern diagnostic methods make it possible to select an individual course of treatment for each representative of the fair sex. These drugs contain very few hormones, which reduces the likelihood of side effects.

Before prescribing medications, the doctor will order an examination to identify general diseases, the course of which may worsen when taking hormones. You will need to go to an appointment with a gynecologist, do an ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs, take an oncocytology test, examine the condition of your breasts, check your blood pressure, body weight, donate blood for cholesterol and a general analysis, for sugar, as well as a urine test.
During the course of replacement therapy, you need to undergo annual examinations with a doctor and ultrasound monitoring.

Replacement therapy in gynecology

Indications:

• Menopause,
• Previous ovarian failure
• Hypogonadotropic amenorrhea,
• Gonadal dysgenesis,
• Normalization of the endometrium after surgery or during chronic form endometritis,
• Medical menopause.

When treating women with infertility, hormone therapy is prescribed during stimulation of ovulation, during in vitro fertilization, and when using donor oocytes.

Steroid hormones are used in treatment because they affect many internal organs. Their lack negatively affects the condition of fatty tissue, liver, dermis, bones, digestive system, reproductive organs, blood vessels, and brain.

Hormonal drugs of the latest generations, almost one to one, imitate natural ones, their concentration in the blood. The treatment uses small dosages of sex hormones that do not disrupt ovulation and do not have a contraceptive effect.
The use of hormones in the treatment of infertility comes down to the fact that when there is a natural lack of hormones in the patient’s body, with the help of their artificial analogues, conditions are created that are as close to normal as possible. Thanks to this, fertilization and gestation of the fetus takes place. When prescribing dosages of drugs with one of the most important indicators is the condition of the endometrium.

For amenorrhea and early menopause, hormonal medications are taken in cycles. Treatment continues until the age of normal menopause. If a woman wants children, hormone intake is not interrupted, as it helps normalize the condition of the endometrium.

Tumors are divided into three groups:

• Hormone active,
• Hormone-dependent
• Hormone dependent.

Hormone-dependent are called neoplasms that appear as a result of disruption of the endocrine system. One such tumor is breast cancer, which develops when the function of the ovaries or thyroid gland is impaired.
The appearance of such a tumor does not in all cases indicate the advisability of hormonal treatment.

Hormone active - These are tumors that secrete hormones. Such neoplasms have a double destructive effect on the body. These include cancer of the adrenal gland or pituitary gland, pancreas, and thyroid gland. They can also appear on other organs that, in a healthy state, do not produce hormones ( for example, intestines or lungs).

Hormone dependent – these are neoplasms, the existence of which is impossible without the presence of certain hormones. A change in the hormonal background of the body, stopping the production of a hormone necessary for a tumor, leads to inhibition of tumor development. This category includes some tumors of the breast, testicles, ovaries, prostate gland, kidneys, thyroid gland, uterus. Hormone therapy is needed to treat such tumors.

Hormone therapy is usually used for metastasis ( occurrence of secondary tumors). The effect depends on how sensitive the tumor is to hormones. Sometimes this method It is also prescribed in the early stages in combination with other methods.
The most significant results have been achieved in the treatment of breast and prostate cancer with hormones.

Therapy for breast cancer

The female sex hormone estrogen in many cases activates the appearance of malignant breast tumors. Estrogens interact with proteins in the upper layers of the tumor and accelerate the division of malignant cells.

The use of hormones for breast cancer leads to:

• Reducing the amount of estrogen produced by the ovaries,
• Inhibition of the activity of mammary gland receptors for progesterone and estrogen,
• Reducing the production of estrogen by the adrenal glands,
• Inhibiting the activity of the hormone itself by increasing the level of male sex hormones.

Hormonal treatment is often combined with chemotherapy. It is easier to tolerate and has less impact on the functioning of the body as a whole.
If the tumor is sensitive to this type of therapy, it can completely eliminate itself along with the metastases. Often, thanks to this type of treatment, patients live several decades longer.

Therapy after spay removal

After removal of the ovaries, young patients begin to experience sensations that are observed in menopausal women. Already after 15–20 days, symptoms of malaise appear, which begin to seriously annoy 8–12 weeks after surgery. This is due to the fact that the remaining estrogen is gradually removed from the body and early menopause develops.
The woman begins to experience fever, increased work of the sweat glands, tachycardia, her blood pressure and mood are unstable, she often has a headache, bad dream and no interest in the opposite sex.
After some time, these unpleasant signs will disappear, but other, more dangerous ones will take their place: dysfunction of blood vessels, urinary organs, and external genitalia.

Some hormones are produced by the adrenal glands. However, their work is not enough. Therefore, women are prescribed hormone replacement therapy. You can take hormonal medications for the rest of your life, which will prevent the development of early menopause and allow a woman to feel good for a long time.
If the ovaries were removed for a malignant tumor, hormonal treatment is usually prohibited. Then homeopathic remedies are prescribed instead.

For psoriatic arthritis

In severe cases of joint damage by psoriasis, the following drugs containing glucocorticoids are prescribed:

• Kenalog ,
• Flosteron ,
• Diprospan ,
• Hydrocortisone ,
• Metipred .

Positive effect of treatment:
The patient's condition improves quite quickly: pain in the affected joints is relieved, their mobility increases, fever and lethargy disappear.

Negative effect of treatment:

• The immune system is suppressed, which provokes ulcers on the body,
• The drugs are addictive
• Side effects: hypertension, obesity, diabetes, edema,
• The drugs must not be used continuously and for a long time,
• May contribute to the development of stomach ulcers,
• The drug should not be discontinued immediately, as the patient’s condition will sharply worsen.

Anti acne

Hormonal treatment can sometimes help those who suffer from acne on the face and body. The use of hormonal drugs reduces the production of sebum by the skin glands, so the skin actually clears up.
But many people notice that after stopping taking the drug, acne appears again. In order for the effect to last, hormones should be combined with skin treatment with special antibacterial agents. Products should be selected based on natural ingredients and do not contain antibiotics or chemicals.

Side effects observed when taking hormonal drugs to clear the skin of acne:

• Headache,
• Increase in body weight,
• Depressed mood
• Edema,
• Individual intolerance to the drug.

You should not experiment with medications on your own. It is better to get advice from doctors: a dermatologist and an endocrinologist.

Transsexuals and hormone therapy

Estrogen preparations are used to suppress the production of testosterone and give the body female characteristics. In addition, progestogens are used, under the influence of which the mammary glands enlarge.
Antiandrogens suppress the production of male sex hormones. The use of these hormones makes it possible to reduce the dosage of estrogen drugs and reduce sensitivity internal organs to the action of testosterone.
Testosterone medications are taken to suppress the production of estrogen.

Hormonal therapy for gender reassignment is divided into two phases:
1. The first months of treatment ( six months) hormonal drugs are taken in large dosages, which allows you to achieve the desired result in a shorter time. As soon as required result received or if the maximum dosage of hormonal drugs is taken, the doses should be slowly reduced. 20–30 days before surgery, hormonal medications should be completely discontinued to reduce the likelihood of developing blood clots. This phase of treatment suppresses the functioning of the sex glands and helps the appearance of signs of the desired sex. Treatment also helps prevent severe complication operations - post-castration syndrome, characterized by lethargy, weakness and craving for sleep.

2. The second phase begins after surgery. After removal of the testes, antiandrogens are stopped. After removal of the uterus and ovaries, the dosage of drugs to suppress the production of female sex hormones is reduced. However, in order for the hormonal background to correspond to the chosen gender, therapy is carried out throughout life.

Taking hormonal therapy allows you to change the appearance of a transsexual to the desired gender type.
Most often, hormones are taken orally in tablet form. But there are drugs in the form of patches, gels, and liquid injections.
Since the use of hormonal therapy increases blood density, thrombosis, stroke, and heart attack may develop as a side effect. The likelihood of developing heart and vascular diseases, breast cancer, osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease increases.
To minimize the likelihood of developing side effects, you need to give up nicotine, balance your menu, lead a healthy lifestyle and carry out general diagnostics from time to time. Under no circumstances should you discontinue or prescribe hormonal medications on your own.

It should be understood that the effect of taking hormonal drugs occurs gradually and quite slowly. Only 24 months after the start of treatment can the maximum result be achieved.
The effect of drugs may be stronger or less depending on age and genetic characteristics. The strongest effect is observed in individuals aged 18 to 21 years. But if the patient is over 30 years old, the magic will not happen.

But there are indicators that even hormones cannot influence.
This:

• Facial hair growth. The hair will not be as coarse, but it will not disappear completely,
• The breasts may increase quite a bit,
• Shoulder width, height and size of legs and arms will not change,
• The voice will not change either.

Consequences of therapy in men

Hormone therapy with female sex hormones causes:

• Reduced attraction to the opposite sex,
• Flushing in the cheeks and upper body,
• Osteoporosis and bone fractures,
• Enlargement and tension of the mammary glands,
• Decrease in the level of red blood cells in the blood,
• Decreased memory function
• Decline muscle mass, increase in body weight due to fat,
• Lethargy and fatigue
• An increase in the amount of cholesterol in the blood,
• Depressed mood.

In men taking similar treatment, the risk of diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease increases.
Before use, you should consult a specialist.

Hormone replacement therapy during menopause plays an important role in regulating and pathological changes, occurring in the female body during this critical period.

Despite the existence of a number of myths about the enormous danger of such an event, numerous reviews indicate the opposite.

What hormones are missing?

The result of the development of menopause is a sharp decline the ability of the ovaries to produce progesterone, and subsequently estrogens due to degenerative shutdown of the follicular mechanism and changes in the brain nerve tissues. Against this background, the sensitivity of the hypothalamus to these hormones decreases, which leads to a decrease in the production of gonadotropin (GnRg).

The response is an increase in the work of the pituitary gland in terms of the production of luteinizing (LH) and follicle-stimulating (FSH) hormones, which are designed to stimulate the production of lost hormones. Due to excessive activation of the pituitary gland, the hormonal balance is stabilized for a certain period of time. Then, the lack of estrogen takes its toll, and the functions of the pituitary gland gradually slow down.

Decreased production of LH and FSH leads to a decrease in the amount of GnRH. The ovaries slow down the production of sex hormones (progestins, estrogens and androgens), up to the complete cessation of their production. It is the sharp decrease in these hormones that leads to menopausal changes in the female body.

Read about the normal levels of FSH and LH during menopause.

What is hormone replacement therapy

Hormone replacement therapy for menopause (HRT) is a treatment method in which drugs similar to sex hormones are administered, the secretion of which is slowed down. The female body recognizes these substances as natural and continues to function normally. This ensures the necessary hormonal balance.

The mechanism of action of drugs is determined by the composition, which can be based on real (animal), plant (phytohormones) or artificial (synthesized) ingredients. The composition may contain only one specific type of hormone or a combination of several hormones.

In a number of products, estradiol valerate is used as an active substance, which in a woman’s body is converted into natural estradiol, which absolutely imitates estrogen. Combination options are more common, where in addition to the specified ingredient, they contain gestagen-forming components - dydrogesterone or levonorgestrel. Preparations with a combination of estrogens and androgens are also available.

The combined composition of new generation drugs helped reduce the risk of tumor formations that can occur due to an excess of estrogen. The progestogen component reduces the aggressiveness of estrogen hormones, making their effect on the body more gentle.

There are 2 main treatment regimens for hormone replacement therapy:

1. Short-term treatment. Its course is designed for 1.5-2.5 years and is prescribed for mild menopause, without obvious disruptions in the female body.
2. Long-term treatment. When pronounced violations occur, incl. in the internal secretion organs, cardiovascular system or psycho-emotional nature, the duration of therapy can reach 10-12 years.

The following circumstances may be indications for prescribing HRT::

1. Any phase of menopause. The following tasks are set: premenopause - normalization of the menstrual cycle; menopause - symptomatic treatment and reducing the risk of complications; postmenopause – maximum relief of the condition and exclusion of neoplasms.
2. Premature menopause. Treatment is necessary to stop the inhibition of female reproductive functions.
3. After surgical procedures involving removal of the ovaries. HRT helps maintain hormonal balance, which prevents sudden changes in the body.
4. Prevention of age-related disorders and pathologies.
5. Sometimes used as a contraceptive measure.

Points for and against

There are many myths around HRT that frighten women, which sometimes makes them skeptical about such treatment. To make the right decision, you need to understand the real arguments of opponents and supporters of the method.

Hormone replacement therapy ensures gradual adaptation of the female body to the transition to other conditions, which helps to avoid serious disturbances in the functioning of a number of internal organs and systems .

In favor of HRT, there are such positive effects:

1. Normalization of the psycho-emotional background, incl. elimination panic attacks, mood swings and insomnia.
2. Improved functioning urinary system.
3. Inhibition of destructive processes in bone tissue by preserving calcium.
4. Prolongation of the sexual period as a result of increased libido.
5. Normalization of lipid metabolism, which reduces cholesterol levels. This factor reduces the risk of atherosclerosis.
6. Protection of the vagina from atrophy, which ensures the normal condition of the sexual organ.
7. Significant relief climacteric syndrome, incl. softening of tides.

Therapy becomes an effective preventive measure to prevent the development of a number of pathologies - cardiac diseases, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis.

The arguments of opponents of HRT are based on such arguments:

• insufficient knowledge of the introduction into the system of regulating hormonal balance;
• difficulties in choosing the optimal treatment regimen;
• introduction into the natural processes of aging of biological tissues;
• the inability to establish the exact consumption of hormones by the body, which makes it difficult to dose them in medications;
• lack of confirmation of real effectiveness for complications in late stages;
• presence of side effects.

The main disadvantage of HRT is the risk of such side effects – pain syndrome in the mammary gland, tumor formations in the endometrium, weight gain, muscle spasms, gastrointestinal problems (diarrhea, gas, nausea), changes in appetite, allergic reactions (redness, rashes, itching).

NOTE!

It should be noted that despite all the difficulties, HRT proves its effectiveness, which is confirmed by numerous positive reviews. A correctly chosen treatment regimen can significantly reduce the likelihood of side effects.

Basic drugs

Among the drugs for HRT, there are several main categories:

Estrogen-based products, names:

1. Ethinylestradiol, Diethylstilbestrol. They are oral contraceptives and contain synthetic hormones.
2. Klikogest, Femoston, Estrofen, Trisequence. They are based on natural hormones estriol, estradiol and estrone. To improve their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, hormones are presented in a conjugated or micronized version.
3. Klimen, Klimonorm, Divina, Proginova. The drugs include estriols and estrone, which are ether derivatives.
4. Hormoplex, Premarin. They contain only natural estrogens.
5. Gels Estragel, Divigel and Klimara patches are intended for external use. They are used for serious liver pathologies, pancreatic diseases, hypertension and chronic migraines.

Progestogen-based products:

1. Duphaston, Femaston. They are classified as dydrogesterones and do not produce metabolic effects;
2. Norkolut. Based on norethisterone acetate. It has a pronounced androgenic effect and is useful for osteoporosis;
3. Livial, Tibolon. These drugs are effective for osteoporosis and are in many ways similar to the previous drug;
4. Klymen, Andokur, Diane-35. The active substance is cyproterone acetate. Has a pronounced antiandrogenic effect.

Universal preparations containing both hormones. The most common are Angelique, Ovestin, Klimonorm, Triaclim.

List of new generation drugs

Currently, new generation drugs are becoming increasingly widespread. They have the following advantages: the use of ingredients that are absolutely identical to female hormones; complex impact; possibility of use in any phase of menopause; absence of most of the indicated side effects. For convenience, they are produced in different forms - tablets, cream, gel, patch, injection solution.

The most famous drugs:

1. Klimonorm. The active substance is a combination of estradiol and levonornesterol. Effective for eliminating menopause symptoms. Contraindicated for ectopic bleeding.
2. Norgestrol. It is a combination remedy. Copes well with neurogenic disorders and autonomic disorders.
3. Cyclo-Proginova. Helps increase female libido, improves the functioning of the urinary system. Cannot be used for liver pathologies and thrombosis.
4. Klymen. It is based on cyproterone acetate, valerate, an antiandrogen. IN to the fullest restores hormonal balance. When used, the risk of weight gain and depression increases nervous system. Allergic reactions are possible.

Herbal remedies

A significant group of drugs for HRT consists of plant origin and the medicinal plants themselves.

Such plants are considered to be quite active suppliers of estrogens:

1. Soybeans. When used, you can slow down the onset of menopause, alleviate the manifestation of hot flashes, and reduce the cardiac effects of menopause.
2. Black cohosh. It is able to alleviate the symptoms of menopause and blocks changes in bone tissue.
3. Red clover. It has the properties of previous plants and is also able to reduce cholesterol.

The following preparations are produced based on phytohormones::

1. Estrophel. Contains phytoestrogen, folic acid, vitamins B6 and E, calcium.
2. Tibolone. Can be used to prevent osteoporosis.
3. Inoclim, Feminal, Tribustan. The products are based on phytoestrogen. Provide a gradually increasing therapeutic effect during menopause.

Main contraindications

In the presence of any chronic disease of internal organs, the doctor must evaluate the possibility of carrying out HRT, taking into account the characteristics of the female body.

This therapy is contraindicated in such pathologies:

• uterine and ectopic (especially for unknown reasons);
• tumor formations in the reproductive system and mammary gland;
• uterine and breast diseases;
• serious kidney and liver pathologies;
• adrenal insufficiency;
• thrombosis;
• abnormalities of lipid metabolism;
• endometriosis;
• diabetes;
• epilepsy;
• asthma.

How to distinguish bleeding from menstruation, read.

Features of the treatment of surgical menopause

Artificial or occurs after removal of the ovaries, which leads to the cessation of the production of female hormones. In such conditions, HRT can significantly reduce the risk of complications.

Therapy includes the following regimens::

1. After removal of the ovaries, but the presence of the uterus (if the woman is under 50 years old), cyclic treatment is used in the following variants - estradiol and cipraterone; estradiol and levonorgestel, estradiol and dydrogesterone.
2. For women over 50 years of age - monophasic therapy with estradiol. It can be combined with norethisterone, medroxyprogesterone or drosirenone. It is recommended to take Tibolone.
3. At surgical treatment endometriosis. To eliminate the risk of relapse, therapy is carried out with estradiol in combination with dienogest and dydrogesterone.

Content

The age-related changes that occur in the body of a woman entering menopause do not please anyone. The skin becomes dry and flabby, wrinkles appear on the face. Deficiency of sex hormones provokes pressure surges and decreased libido. Hormone replacement therapy helps cope with the symptoms of menopause.

What hormones are missing during menopause?

Hormones during menopause decrease to a critical level, after which the woman stops menstruating. In the last stage of menopause, they cease to be secreted at all, because of this the function of the ovaries fades away. A decrease in the level of sex hormones leads to numerous metabolic disorders, which provokes such phenomena as nausea, tinnitus, and increased blood pressure.

There are three phases of menopause: premenopause, menopause, postmenopause. What unites them is the process of falling hormone levels. In the first half of the menstrual cycle, estrogen (female hubbub) predominates, in the second - progesterone (male). Perimenopause is characterized by a lack of estrogen, which leads to an irregular monthly cycle. During menopause, progesterone levels, which regulate thickness, fall. uterine endometrium. During postmenopause, hormone production stops completely, and the ovaries and uterus decrease in size.

Hormonal therapy for menopause

The changes that occur in the female body during menopause manifest themselves as follows:

• mood swings;
• insomnia, anxiety;
• the elasticity and firmness of the skin decreases;
• body weight and posture changes;
• osteoporosis develops;
• urinary incontinence occurs;
• pelvic organ prolapse;
• development of atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus;
• disruption of the nervous system.

Hormone replacement therapy during menopause helps maintain health. By eliminating the above symptoms, general rejuvenation of the body occurs, changes in figure and atrophy of the genital organs are prevented. However, hormone replacement therapy during menopause also has its disadvantages. With long-term use, it can provoke myocardial infarction and increases the risk of stroke. In addition, homogeneous replacement therapy promotes intravascular blood coagulation.

Is hormone replacement therapy safe for menopause?

Not everyone can take hormonal medications during menopause. First, the doctor prescribes an examination with a therapist, gynecologist, cardiologist, hepatologist and phlebologist. Hormone replacement therapy during menopause is contraindicated if a woman has the following diseases:

• uterine bleeding of unknown origin;
• malignant tumors of the internal genital organs or mammary glands;
• renal or liver failure;
• the presence of adenomyosis or endometriosis of the ovaries;
• severe stage of diabetes mellitus;
• increased blood clotting;
• lipid metabolism disorder;
• worsening of mastopathy, bronchial asthma, epilepsy, rheumatism;
• increased sensitivity to hormone replacement drugs.

Hormonal drugs for menopausal syndrome

Hormonal drugs for menopause of a new generation are selected depending on the duration and severity of the condition, as well as the age of the patient. Women with severe menopause need hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Medicines are prescribed parenterally or orally. Depending on the disorders associated with menopausal syndrome, hormone replacement therapy is selected individually.

Phytoestrogens

During menopause, the level of estrogen in the female body sharply decreases, so bad cholesterol begins to form, fat metabolism is disrupted, and immunity is weakened. To avoid these symptoms, doctors prescribe natural phytohormones during menopause. The use of these drugs does not disrupt hormonal balance, but alleviates symptoms. Dietary supplements with herbal substances act as analogues of natural hormones, which are not sold at a high price. Hormone replacement phytoestrogens include:

1. Klimadinon. The active ingredient is cosimifuga racemosa extract. With its help, the intensity of hot flashes is reduced and the lack of estrogen is eliminated. Therapy usually lasts three months. The medicine is taken 1 tablet daily.
2. Femicaps. Helps normalize estrogen levels, corrects psychological condition, improves mineral and vitamin balance. Contains soy lecithin, vitamins, magnesium, passionflower, primrose. Take tablets, 2 capsules per day. Doctors prescribe taking the medicine for at least three months.
3. Remens. Harmless homeopathic remedy. It has a general strengthening effect on the female body, eliminates the lack of estrogen. Contains sepia, lachesis, cosimifuga extract. 2 courses of three months are prescribed.

Bioidentical hormones

During hormone replacement therapy for menopause, bioidentical hormonal drugs are prescribed. They are included in tablets, creams, gels, patches, and suppositories. These hormones are taken for 3-5 years until secondary menopausal symptoms disappear. Popular bioidentical hormone replacement drugs that are sold at an affordable price:

1. Femoston. A combined medicine that prolongs a woman’s youth. Contains estradiol and dydrogesterone, which are identical to natural ones. These hormones provide therapy for psychoemotional and autonomic symptoms. Prescribed 1 tablet/day.
2. Janine. A low-dose combination drug that suppresses ovulation, making it impossible for a fertilized egg to implant. It is used not only for contraception. During menopause, medication is prescribed to release estrogen into the body to relieve the symptoms of menopause.
3. Duphaston. It is a derivative of progesterone. Opposes negative effect on the endometrium estrogen, reduces the risk of cancer. Applicable according to individual scheme treatment 2-3 times a day.

Estrogen preparations for women

In gynecology, synthetic estrogen in tablets is used to make life easier during menopause. Female hormones control collagen production, stimulate the nervous system. Preparations containing estrogen:

1. Klimonorm. Replenishes estrogen deficiency, provides treatment for the mucous membranes of the genitourinary system, reduces the risk cardiovascular pathologies. Apply one tablet per day according to the following scheme: 21 days, after a week’s break and the course is repeated.
2. Premarin. Facilitates the manifestations of menopausal syndrome, prevents the occurrence of osteoporosis. Cyclic use - 1.25 mg/day for 21 days, after - a break of 7 days.
3. Ovestin. Restores the vaginal epithelium, increases the resistance of the genitourinary system to inflammatory processes. Prescribe 4 mg daily for 3 weeks. The course of therapy or its extension is determined by the doctor.

How to choose hormonal pills during menopause

If a woman does not have health problems during menopause, then there is no need to take hormone replacement medications. HRT is carried out only after consultation with a doctor, since medications have side effects. There are frequent cases of individual intolerance and allergic reactions. The safest are herbal and homeopathic medicines. But they do not help all patients, so clinical indications and consultation with a doctor are required.

Price

All hormonal drugs can be purchased in the pharmacy chain at different prices or purchased in an online store (order from the catalog). In the latter version, the drugs will be inexpensive. Prices for phytoestrogens range from 400 rubles (Klimadinon tablets 60 pcs.) to 2400 rubles. (Femicaps capsules 120 pcs.). The cost of drugs with estrogen varies from 650 rubles (Klimonorm tablets 21 pcs.) to 1400 rubles. (Ovestin 1 mg/g 15 g cream).

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Hormone replacement therapy - abbreviated HRT - is now actively used in many countries around the world. To prolong their youth and replenish sex hormones lost with age, millions of women abroad choose hormonal therapy for menopause. However, Russian women are still wary of this treatment. Let's try to figure out why this happens.

Should I take hormones during menopause?or 10 myths about HRT

After the age of 45, women’s ovarian function begins to gradually decline, which means the production of sex hormones decreases. Along with a decrease in estrogen and progesterone in the blood comes a deterioration in physical and emotional condition. Menopause is ahead. And almost every woman begins to worry about the question: what can she do take during menopause to avoid aging?

In these difficult times, the modern woman comes to the aid of. Because during menopause estrogen deficiency develops, it is these hormones that have become the basis for all medications drugs HRT. The first myth about HRT is associated with estrogens.

Myth No. 1. HRT is unnatural

There are hundreds of queries on the Internet on the topic:how to replenish estrogen for a woman after 45-50 years . No less popular are queries about whether they useherbal remedies for menopause. Unfortunately, few people know that:

• HRT preparations contain only natural estrogens.
• Today they are obtained by chemical synthesis.
• Synthesized natural estrogens are perceived by the body as their own due to complete chemical identity with the estrogens produced by the ovaries.

And what could be more natural for a woman than her own hormones, analogues of which are taken to treat menopause?

Some might argue that herbal remedies are more natural. They contain molecules that are similar in structure to estrogens, and they act on receptors in a similar way. However, their action is not always effective in removing early symptoms menopause (hot flashes, increased sweating, migraines, blood pressure surges, insomnia, etc.). They also do not protect against the consequences of menopause: obesity, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, etc. In addition, their effect on the body (for example, on the liver and mammary glands) has not been well studied and medicine cannot vouch for their safety.

Myth No. 2. HRT is addictive

Hormone replacement therapy for menopause- just a replacement for the lost hormonal function of the ovaries. Drugs HRT is not a drug; it does not disrupt the natural processes in a woman’s body. Their task is to compensate for estrogen deficiency, restore the balance of hormones, and also improve overall well-being. You can stop taking the medications at any time. True, it is better to consult a gynecologist before this.

Among the misconceptions about HRT, there are truly crazy myths that we get used to from our youth.

Myth No. 3. HRT will make a mustache grow

The negative attitude towards hormonal drugs in Russia arose quite a long time ago and has already moved to the subconscious level. Modern medicine has come a long way, but many women still trust outdated information.

Synthesis and use of hormones in medical practice began in the 50s of the XX century. A real revolution was made by glucocorticoids (adrenal hormones), which combined powerful anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects. However, doctors soon noticed that they affected body weight and even contributed to the manifestation of masculine characteristics in women (the voice became rougher, excess hair growth began, etc.).

Much has changed since then. Preparations of other hormones (thyroid, pituitary, female and male) were synthesized. And the type of hormones has changed. Modern medications contain hormones that are as “natural” as possible, and this makes it possible to significantly reduce their dose. Unfortunately, all the negative qualities of outdated high-dose drugs are attributed to new, modern ones. And this is completely unfair.

The most important thing is that it contains HRT drugs contain exclusively female sex hormones, and they cannot serve as a cause of “masculinity.”

I would like to draw your attention to one more point. A woman's body always produces male sex hormones. And that's okay. They are responsible for a woman’s vitality and mood, interest in the world and sex drive, as well as the beauty of her skin and hair.

When ovarian function declines, female sex hormones (estrogens and progesterone) stop being replenished, while male sex hormones (androgens) are still produced. In addition, they are also produced by the adrenal glands. That's why you shouldn't be surprised that older ladies sometimes need to pluck their mustache and chin hairs. And HRT drugs have absolutely nothing to do with it.

Myth No. 4. People get better from HRT

Another unreasonable fear- gain weight while taking it drugs hormone replacement therapy. But everything is quite the opposite. Prescription of HRT during menopause can have a positive effect on women's curves and shapes. HRT contains estrogens, which generally have no ability to influence changes in body weight. As for the gestagens (these are derivatives of the hormone progesterone) included innew generation of HRT drugs, then they help distribute adipose tissue “according to the female principle” and allow during menopause keep your figure feminine.

Don’t forget about the objective reasons for weight gain in women after 45. First: at this age, physical activity noticeably decreases. And second: the influence of hormonal changes. As we have already written, female sex hormones are produced not only in the ovaries, but also in adipose tissue. During menopause, the body tries to reduce the lack of female sex hormones by producing them in fatty tissues. Fat is deposited in the abdominal area, and the figure begins to resemble a man’s. As you can see, HRT drugs do not play any role in this matter.

Myth No. 5. HRT can cause cancer

The idea that taking hormones can cause cancer is an absolute misconception. There is official data on this topic. According to The World Health Organization, thanks to the use of hormonal contraceptives and their oncoprotective effect, annually manages to prevent about 30 thousand cases of cancer. Indeed, estrogen monotherapy increased the risk of endometrial cancer. But such treatment is far in the past. Partnew generation HRT drugs includes progestogens , which prevent the risk of developing endometrial cancer (body of the uterus).

As for breast cancer, there has been plenty of research on the effect of HRT on its occurrence. This issue has been seriously studied in many countries around the world. Especially in the USA, where HRT drugs began to be used back in the 50s of the 20th century. It has been proven that estrogens, the main component of HRT preparations, are not oncogenes (that is, they do not unblock the gene mechanisms of tumor growth in the cell).

Myth No. 6. HRT is bad for the liver and stomach

There is an opinion that a sensitive stomach or liver problems may be a contraindication for HRT. This is wrong. New generation HRT drugs do not irritate the mucous membranes gastrointestinal tract and do not have a toxic effect on the liver. It is necessary to limit the use of HRT drugs only in cases where there are pronounced liver dysfunctions. And after the onset of remission, it is possible to continue HRT. Also, taking HRT drugs is not contraindicated for women with chronic gastritis or gastric ulcers and duodenum. Even during seasonal exacerbations, you can take tablets as usual. Of course, simultaneously with therapy prescribed by a gastroenterologist and under the supervision of a gynecologist. For women who are especially concerned about their stomach and liver, special forms of HRT preparations are produced for local application. These may be skin gels, patches or nasal sprays.

Myth No. 7. If there are no symptoms, then HRT is not needed

Life after menopause not all women immediately aggravated by unpleasant symptoms and a sharp deterioration in well-being. In 10 - 20% of the fair sex vegetative system resistant to hormonal changes and therefore for some time they are spared from the most unpleasant manifestations during menopause. If there are no hot flashes, this does not mean at all that you do not need to see a doctor and let the course of menopause take its course.

The serious consequences of menopause develop slowly and sometimes completely unnoticed. And when after 2 years or even 5-7 years they begin to appear, it becomes much more difficult to correct them. Here are just a few of them: dry skin and brittle nails; hair loss and bleeding gums; decreased sexual desire and vaginal dryness; obesity and cardiovascular diseases; osteoporosis and osteoarthritis and even senile dementia.

Myth No. 8. HRT has many side effects

Only 10% of women feel certain discomfort when taking HRT drugs. Most susceptible unpleasant sensations those who smoke and are overweight. In such cases, swelling, migraines, swelling and tenderness of the breast are noted. Usually these are temporary problems that disappear after reducing the dosage or replacing dosage form drug.

It is important to remember that HRT cannot be carried out independently without medical supervision. Each specific case requires an individual approach and constant monitoring of results. Hormone replacement therapy has a specific list of indications and contraindications. Only a doctor, after conducting a number of studies, will be able tochoose the right treatment . When prescribing HRT, the doctor observes the optimal balance between the principles of “usefulness” and “safety” and calculates at what minimal doses The drug will achieve maximum results with the least risk of side effects.

Myth No. 9. HRT is unnatural

Is it necessary to argue with nature and replenish sex hormones lost over time? Of course you need it! The heroine of the legendary film “Moscow Doesn’t Believe in Tears” claims that after forty, life is just beginning. And indeed it is. A modern woman at the age of 45+ can live a life no less interesting and eventful than in her youth.

Hollywood star Sharon Stone turned 58 years old in 2016 and she is sure that there is nothing unnatural in a woman’s desire to remain young and active for as long as possible: “When you are 50, you feel that you have a chance to start life again: a new career, new love... At this age we know so much about life! You may be tired of what you did for the first half of your life, but that doesn't mean you should sit back and play golf in your backyard. We are too young for this: 50 is the new 30, a new chapter."

Myth No. 10. HRT is an understudied treatment method

The experience of using HRT abroad is more than half a century, and all this time the technique has been subjected to serious control and detailed study. Gone are the days when endocrinologists used trial and error to find best practices, regimens and dosages of hormonal drugs for menopause. In Russia hormone replacement therapycame only 15-20 years ago. Our compatriots still perceive this treatment method as little studied, although this is far from the case. Today we have the opportunity to use proven and highly effective remedies with a minimum number of side effects.

HRT for menopause: pros and cons

For the first time, HRT drugs for women in menopause began to be used in the USA in the 40-50s of the 20th century. As treatment became more popular, it was found that the risk of disease increased during the treatment period uterus ( endometrial hyperplasia, cancer). After a thorough analysis of the situation, it turned out that the reason was the use of only one ovarian hormone - estrogen. Conclusions were drawn, and in the 70s biphasic drugs appeared. They combined estrogens and progesterone in one tablet, which inhibited the growth of the endometrium in the uterus.

As a result of further research, information was accumulated about positive changes in a woman’s body during hormone replacement therapy. To date known that its positive effect extends not only to menopausal symptoms.HRT during menopauseslows down atrophic changes in the body and becomes an excellent prophylactic agent in the fight against Alzheimer's disease. It is also important to note the beneficial effects of therapy on a woman’s cardiovascular system. While taking HRT drugs, doctors recorded improving lipid metabolism and reducing blood cholesterol levels. All these facts make it possible today to use HRT as a prevention of atherosclerosis and heart attack.

Information from the magazine was used [Climax is not scary / E. Nechaenko, - Magazine “New Pharmacy. Pharmacy assortment”, 2012. - No. 12]

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INTERACTIVE

It is extremely important for women to know everything about their health - especially for initial self-diagnosis. This rapid test will allow you to better listen to the state of your body and not miss important signals in order to understand whether you need to see a specialist and make an appointment.

Menopause is a rather serious test for a woman. Very simply, the problem can be described as follows: hormonal imbalance is accompanied by a variety of and rather unpleasant symptoms. Hormones have a direct effect on all organs and systems (the body works by neurohumoral regulation). A failure in their coordinated work leads to disturbances and responses in the form of hot flashes, insomnia, weakness, fatigue, etc. (you can read more about symptoms during menopause in the article “”).

A lack of the female sex hormone estrogen causes sudden mood swings and can lead to nervous breakdowns, stress and even severe depression. Additionally, the psycho-emotional state of women at this age is influenced by external signs natural aging processes, decreased sexual desire and attractiveness. It is in order to reduce the severity of symptoms and stabilize hormonal levels that HRT (hormone replacement therapy) is used. Its goal is to replenish the lack of hormones, the level of which gradually decreases during menopause. This solution allows us to successfully solve a number of problems that arise in women.

Unfortunately, many women have prejudices, and they are often afraid or even refuse to take hormones. Their fears are caused for various reasons(negative reviews, possible side effects, etc.). But medicine does not stand still; the new generation is excellent at helping to relieve negative manifestations. At the same time, they no longer have those negative consequences which are usually attributed to them. Accurate information about modern hormone-containing medications for menopause will help women take correct solution and reduce critical attitudes towards drugs of this type.

What hormones does a woman need?

To understand what hormones need to be taken during menopause, let's consider how it proceeds from the point of view of hormonal balance. This period is usually divided into several phases:

• (can last from 5 to 10 years);
• (counting starts one year after the last menstruation);
• (starts 5 years from the last menstruation and ends at 70 - 75 years).

The body reacts most acutely in the first two periods of menopause. Female hormones gradually cease to be produced by the body. Initially, the regressive process begins in the ovaries, this is facilitated by the depletion of the follicular apparatus. Naturally, the body begins to react to the lack of progesterone and estrogen, including compensatory reactions. At this moment, the pituitary gland begins to intensively produce LH and FSH (luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones). Against this background, the sensitivity of hormone-dependent receptors, which also play a role in normal operation female reproductive system.

For some time, compensatory mechanisms allow the body to cope. But the synthesis of sex hormones continues to decline, strengthening the function of the pituitary gland no longer gives the desired results, and its sensitivity to their hormonal deficiency decreases. At this moment, more obvious and frequent manifestations of the menopause begin: they stop, and the main systems of the body begin to respond to hormonal changes. Symptoms are varied (there are about 30 manifestations of menopause), most often it affects:

• cardiovascular system (hypertension, increased heart rate, increased risk of heart attacks and strokes);
• nervous system: suffers especially severely, migraine pain, psycho-emotional instability, etc.;
• endocrine system: manifests itself as age-related weight gain, often leading to obesity, thyroid disease, diabetes, etc.;
• genitourinary system: in addition to ovarian dysfunction and reduction of the uterus in size, hypotonia of all muscles is observed, which leads to painful sensations during sexual intercourse (this is facilitated by a reduction in the volume of secretion in the vagina), accompanied by a frequent urge to urinate (later incontinence is possible), etc.

This is not a complete list of symptoms during menopause that cause discomfort to a woman.

The most typical complaints are vasomotor reactions (“hot flashes”, dizziness, etc.) and psycho-emotional reactions. The risk of developing a number of gynecological diseases, especially hormone-dependent ones. Disturbances in normal hormone synthesis increase the risk of cancer. Should we take adequate measures in such a situation? Naturally, the symptoms of menopause, unpleasant in themselves, carry a number of threats and contribute to the development of various pathological conditions. HRT in this situation may be the only way to relieve acute conditions caused by a lack of hormones.

Menopause itself is a natural process, but it occurs differently for each woman. Hormone replacement therapy is not indicated for everyone; it has a number of contraindications. HRT is not used unless necessary, and drugs are selected taking into account the characteristics of each patient after a comprehensive examination. But to refuse because of prejudices at a time when hormones are simply necessary female body means risking your own health in the future.

What is hormone replacement therapy and how does it work?

Preserving a woman’s health is the main goal of HRT. The balance of hormones is disrupted due to natural reasons, but the body's response to such changes can take on a pathological character. Partial compensation for the lack of hormones from the outside is HRT, which relieves the severity of symptoms.

Hormone replacement therapy for menopause can be aimed at restoring the level of hormones from the group of gestagens or estrogens; they can be prescribed in the form of mono- or complex drugs, contain androgens, etc. That is, the variety of modern medications allows you to choose the most effective tactics in each specific case.

The change in hormonal levels occurs gradually; a decrease in the production of one group of hormones during menopause consistently triggers the entire mechanism. As a result, almost the entire body is involved in the process, responding in one way or another to the changes taking place. Each woman’s reactions can proceed in her own way: some calmly experience all periods of menopause, without experiencing any special problems from periodically appearing symptoms. For others, age-related changes in the body occur rapidly and acutely. During menopause, a woman should especially closely monitor her health; this will help her understand in a timely manner when symptoms are becoming alarming and take timely measures.

Does hormone replacement therapy benefit the female body or is it harmful? There is no clear opinion on this matter. Many patients have a negative attitude towards taking hormones themselves, believing that it is easier to survive the unpleasant symptoms of menopause. There is also no clear agreement among doctors on this issue, but Lately HRT is being used increasingly.

The goal of hormone replacement therapy is to help the body cope with the lack of hormones with minimal losses. HRT has become a standard option in European countries medical care, it is currently actively used in domestic medicine. During menopause, HRT is the simplest and most effective way to get rid of the unpleasant symptoms of menopause and restore the balance of hormones at the time of restructuring of the body.

Hormone therapy - all the pros and cons

For women during menopause, hormone replacement therapy is not always prescribed. There are a number of contraindications for which hormones are strictly prohibited. Doctors' recommendations are based on:

• the general condition of the patient’s body;
• severity of symptoms;
• survey results.

This takes into account exactly what hormone the female body needs during a particular period of menopause.

The benefits of using hormonal drugs during menopause are as follows:

• it is possible to compensate for the deficiency of a specific group of hormones;
• the severity of symptoms is relieved, menopause is less painful;
• the body gets the opportunity to rebuild itself gradually, without sharp changes hormone levels;
• aging processes slow down;
• taking HRT is under medical supervision, which allows you to adjust the course of treatment as necessary;
• drugs are selected individually, taking into account the health status of a particular patient.

Such treatment can cause harm if a woman begins to take hormonal drugs uncontrollably, based on reviews from friends or her own opinion. The purpose of such medicines by a specialized specialist – a prerequisite for successful hormone replacement therapy without side effects and negative consequences.

Do I need to take hormones during menopause?

Take hormones at any time menopause– this is a completely modern and effective way to relieve unpleasant symptoms and help the body cope with hormonal stress. But this should be done exclusively on the recommendations of doctors and after a comprehensive examination.

The selection of drugs is carried out only after passing tests that show the level of hormones. Symptoms of menopause can appear as a reaction to all hormonal changes, but it is important to determine which one needs replacement. Sometimes combination medications are required.

Hormones during menopause will help correct their balance in the body, relieve acute manifestations that arise as a response to natural age-related changes. The aging process slows down and is less painful. It should be remembered that one of the typical manifestations of menopause is sharp psycho-emotional reactions. HRT will help correct these symptoms. That is, women usually only benefit from its use, which allows us to talk about the benefits of such treatment.

Dosage regimen

How to take hormonal medications during menopause? Only an experienced specialist can solve this issue based on the results of the examination. For now modern medicine suggests two tactics:

• short-term use: for mild menopause, not complicated by acute reactions, therapy can last 1 – 2 years;
• long-term therapy: treatment can be carried out for 2 – 4 years.

It is important to understand that we are talking about a course of taking drugs; with HRT, one drug can be replaced by another. Correction occurs based on the results of tests for hormone levels. The patient needs medical supervision during treatment; this is how the greatest effectiveness can be achieved and any risks can be minimized.

Indications for HRT

Indications for the use of HRT are a number of symptoms that are especially threatening to the female body. These include:

• surgical menopause;
• risk of developing cardiovascular diseases;
• hereditary predisposition to osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension and other pathological conditions.

Hormones should also be taken if menopause causes acute psycho-emotional reactions in order to eliminate the risk of developing neuroses and depressive states.

Contraindications

Menopausal hormone therapy for some pathologies is never prescribed to patients. There are a number serious illnesses, which are not compatible with HRT. It is dangerous to prescribe hormones in such cases, so consultation with a specialized specialist and comprehensive examination– a prerequisite for starting HRT.

Contraindications:

• bleeding of unknown etiology;
• estrogen-dependent tumors (benign and malignant);
• oncological diseases;
• some pathologies of the heart and cardiovascular system;
• thrombosis, thromboembolism and bleeding disorders associated with increased thrombus formation;
• spicy and chronic diseases liver, liver and/or kidney failure;
• complicated diabetes mellitus;
• a number of autoimmune diseases;
• individual intolerance to drugs containing hormones.

The use of HRT will be useful and safe only if the medications are selected by a doctor.

Possible side effects

Hormone replacement therapy for menopause can cause a number of side effects, namely:

• fluid retention in the body (edema, pastiness);
• hypo- or hypersecretion of mucus in the vagina, menstrual-like bleeding;
• increased fatigue, weakness, headaches;
• various reactions from the gastrointestinal tract;
• soreness of the mammary glands;
• muscle spasms;
• seborrhea and acne.

These and other reactions can manifest themselves singly or in combination; their occurrence requires contacting a doctor to correct treatment tactics.

Main principles of HRT

Hormones for menopause are prescribed based on the results of the examination. The basic principles of modern therapy are:

• the use of hormonal drugs similar to natural ones;
• low dosages;
• the use of combination medications to minimize the risks of endometrial hyperplasia;
• duration of the course that stabilizes hormonal levels.

Choosing HRT drugs: types and forms of drugs

Nowadays, choosing the right therapy is not particularly difficult. In addition to a varied combination of hormones, there is also the opportunity to choose the method of administration:

• tablets, dragees or capsules;
• local application: gels, suppositories, creams, patches;
• injections;
• subcutaneous implants.

Hormonal therapy for surgical menopause

HRT for menopause is prescribed for patients who have undergone surgery to remove the uterus. Method of using hormones for:

• women under 51 years of age with removal of the ovaries and preserved uterus;
• women over 51 years of age after amputation of the uterus and ovaries;
• after surgical removal endometriosis with a risk of relapse.

Dispelling myths about HRT

Menopausal hormone therapy is often a source of controversy and fear. Patients refuse HRT, believing that their use can lead to:

• addiction;
• obesity;
• complications from the gastrointestinal tract;
• risk of cancer;
• long-term negative results.

Many also believe that hormonal drugs are poorly researched and contain a large number of synthetic analogues of natural hormones. Modern HRT is a new generation of drugs that contain a minimal amount of hormones, natural and completely identical to female ones. They need and can be taken, since most symptoms are signs of natural processes during menopause. HRT does not enhance, but slows down their development. Medicines undergo preclinical and clinical trials. And the lack of data on long-term results in domestic medicine is compensated by studies abroad, where HRT has been actively used for several decades.

List of HRT drugs

The principles of hormone replacement therapy for menopause make it possible to select the most effective course of treatment for each patient. After 40 years, a woman should prepare for the upcoming restructuring of her body. At this point, regular examination becomes important and mandatory for maintaining the normal functioning of the body. HRT helps restore hormone levels that will inevitably drop. Even with normal menstruation, it is important to know the concentration of hormones, which will help you use medications that are effective for menopause in a timely manner.

As the synthesis function fades, the main symptoms of menopause increase. After consultation and examination, a drug is prescribed that will help correct hormonal imbalance at the moment. It can be:

• . As the name of this group implies, it contains natural analogues of estrogens. These include: Klimadinon, Femicaps, . Each of them is available in tablet form and is taken as a course;
• Bioidentical hormones. The combined medications Janine and Femoston in tablets also help relieve symptoms of menopause. as a derivative of progesterone, it is prescribed for its deficiency and to neutralize the effect of estrogen;
• Estrogen-containing. Any hormonal product of this type contains synthetic estrogen. The most commonly used are Klimonorm, Premarin, Ovestin;
• The androgenic effect for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis is provided by Norkolut, Livial, Tibolon;
• Modern drugs with anti-androgenic effect are represented by Androcur, Klimen, Diane-35;
• The best combination products are Triaklim, .

List effective means is not limited to this list, there are also Klimara and Dermestil patches, Divigel hormonal gel, Ovestin suppositories, etc. An alternative form of release (gels, patches or suppositories) are used if topical application is necessary.

Non-hormonal agents

Non-hormonal drugs for menopause as an alternative to HRT, are prescribed in case of individual intolerance or inability to use hormonal drugs. According to the modern classification, this group includes natural phytoestrogens. They are available in the form of homeopathic remedies and. In addition to the remedies listed above, to replace missing hormones during menopause, use:

• gels Bonisan, Klimakt Hel;
• tea or drops with red brush;
• tablets CI-klim, Estrovel;
• capsules, Menopace, etc.

How long to take hormones

Hormones should be taken under supervision and as prescribed by a doctor, even if we are talking about dietary supplements, herbal remedies or homeopathic remedies. There are several dosage regimens designed for several years:

• monotherapy;
• two- and three-phase course;
• combined.

Each medicine has its own timing of administration; some drugs can be replaced by others, which is necessary when the symptoms of menopause change.