Nasal sanitation what. Our tasks. Specific treatment program…. Pros and cons: opinions of doctors and patients

Registered: 2006-01-24
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Rhinitis (runny nose) is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa, which makes nasal breathing difficult and discharge from the nasal passages appears.

It can be acute or chronic, non-infectious or infectious.
The most common causes of a runny nose are infections caused by respiratory viruses (influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus and some others) and viral-bacterial infections from the group of childhood infectious diseases (measles, rubella, diphtheria, etc.).

Sometimes rhinitis can be a symptom of diseases caused by one of the intestinal viruses: rotavirus, enterovirus. Therefore, it must be borne in mind that a runny nose and painful manifestations from the outside gastrointestinal tract(nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) are signs of the same disease.

A runny nose can also be non-infectious, despite the fact that it occurs at the height of the “cold season”. In addition to infection, the development of which is facilitated by hypothermia or contact with a sick person, the cause of acute and chronic runny nose can be irritating mechanical factors (for example, foreign body or injury to the nasal mucosa) or chemical origin (smoke, fumes, substances with a pungent odor).

In children early age and especially in infants, acute runny nose often turns into nasopharyngitis (viral rhinitis) - inflammation of both the nasal cavity and pharynx. In infants inflammatory process is accompanied by more pronounced swelling of the mucous membrane and, much more often than in adults and older children, spreads to the mucous membrane of the larynx and trachea. Viral rhinitis (rhinopharyngitis) in infants is always accompanied by symptoms of intoxication (lethargy, anxiety, fever, sleep disturbances). Problems arise with feeding: it becomes difficult for the baby to suck, he refuses to eat, becomes restless, often cries loudly, chokes, refuses to latch on to the breast, vomiting and regurgitation appear, and sometimes diarrhea. He simply cannot breathe during feeding! The disease can be complicated by otitis media, bronchitis and even pneumonia.

With a bacterial rhinitis, when bacteria layer on an already existing inflammatory process of viral or non-infectious origin, the child’s condition becomes more serious, intoxication increases, and the temperature rises. Nasal discharge becomes thicker. With viral-bacterial infections, inflammation of the nasal mucosa can spread not only to the oropharynx, but also paranasal sinuses, nasolacrimal duct, eustachian tube (auditory tube between the pharynx and ear), tympanic cavity (middle ear). At proper treatment viral-bacterial rhinitis and the absence of complications, the process lasts 8-14 days. Complicated forms of the disease require special examination and treatment – often in a hospital setting.

When should you consult a doctor?
If an infant suffers from a runny nose, then you should consult a doctor in cases where nasal discharge is accompanied by high temperature, or the discharge interferes with his ability to eat or drink. If the discharge does not stop within two weeks, it becomes yellowish and has a strong odor, also consult a doctor.

Sanitation of the nasal cavity.
The first step in treatment is to free the nasal passages from discharge. Since newborn children do not know how to blow their nose on their own, for them this is the most important stage in treatment. To improve nasal breathing, and before eating, it is necessary to clear the nasal passages of mucus. The baby may have so much nasal secretion that it makes it difficult for him to breathe, eat, or drink. He will start screaming and will not stop until you clear his nose. In young children who do not yet know how to blow their nose, this is done using a small rubber can (20-25 ml) or a cotton swab, previously moistened boiled water or saline solution(0.9% sodium chloride solution).

Sold in pharmacies rubber bulbs will help in rinsing the nose and removing irritating substances from there that cause the discharge. The best and fastest way to do this is to use a rubber bulb to administer drops into the ear. (It is preferable to use this type of bulb rather than a nasal suction device because the rubber bulb has a longer tip and is easier to use.) Place the baby on his or her back. Squeeze the bulb, then insert the long tapered tip into the nostril and slowly release the bulb to suck in the secretions. Repeat the same procedure with the other nostril. When the procedure is completed, boil the pear before using it again.

Crusts formed in the nose can be removed after 10-15 minutes. after insertion into the nasal passage cotton swab. moistened with boiled vegetable or Vaseline oil, or a solution of baking soda. This is done with careful rotational movements.

Spray on your nose salt water. Over-the-counter saline nasal drops or sprays, such as Ocean, can help rinse the nose and remove irritants that cause nasal discharge. To administer drops into your baby's nose, place him face up with his head hanging over the edge of the bed. Inject two drops into each nostril and let them penetrate deep. This takes two to three minutes. Another popular way home treatment– rinsing the nose with a weak solution of table salt.

Kalanchoe juice, freshly squeezed from the leaves, also helps a lot, but only with a slight runny nose (not deep). The child begins to sneeze heavily and after this the snot goes away quite often.
1 part onion juice and 1 part honey mix and drop into the nose - it helps in a day, in two (although we are now 2. and at 1 year old we wiped it with the same composition with a cotton swab on a match).
Add a couple of drops of carrot juice at least every half hour. It passes quickly.

Good remedy human leukocyte interferon. For the prevention of influenza (drip while you have it) real threat) up to a year - 1 drop in each nostril 2 times a day with an interval of at least 6 hours after a year - 2 drops. For treatment (only the first three days, then ineffective) per year (on the advice of an ambulance doctor) 1 drop every hour 6 times a day for 3 days (on the advice of a local pediatrician) 2 drops 3 times a day. Allergies and side effects does not give. These are simple nasal drops that kill bacteria. But you can take it only for two days.

Decoction of chamomile, St. John's wort a teaspoon 2 times a day, drip through the nose soda solution Another recipe is to rinse your nose with a decoction of medicinal chamomile using a small enema

A common form of treatment for a runny nose at home is inhalation with hot soda solution. Despite the effectiveness of this treatment method, it can be quite dangerous, worsening general state patient and contributing to the spread of purulent infection.

Raise the head of the bed.
Submit reliable support under the head of the bed to make it higher. You can also use extra pillows to raise your baby's head even higher. In total, the child's head should rise by about 40-45 centimeters. Thus, the force of gravity will come to your aid, and nasal discharge will drain more easily. This will also prevent it from leaking into your throat, which can lead to coughing fits.

Medicines
To treat acute uncomplicated forms of rhinitis or a simple form of chronic runny nose in children of any age, you can use vasoconstrictor drugs for nasal use, which reduce swelling of the mucous membrane and reduce the amount of discharge. This property is especially necessary to use for the prevention and treatment of such unpleasant complications as sinusitis and otitis media. The most common nasal drops with this effect in domestic medicine are naphthyzin, sanorin, galazolin. For children younger age Special, less concentrated forms of these drugs are recommended. For older children and adults, a concentration of 0.1% is used, for young children - 0.05%. Dosage – 1-2 drops 3 times a day.
New drugs with a similar therapeutic effect: Swiss-made Otrivin, Danish drug Xymelin, Indian Dlyanos, German drug Olint. They are prescribed from 1 to 3 drops 3 times a day during the acute period of the disease or exacerbation of chronic catarrhal, vasomotor or allergic rhinitis, but for a period of no more than 2-4 weeks
0.01% solution of "Nazivin" ( similar drugs: olint, galazolin, xymelin, nazenspray K) is the only drug in Russia that is approved for use in newborns and infants. For older children, solutions of 0.025% are used, for older children and adults - concentrations of 0.1%.
In cases of infectious rhinitis of bacterial or viral-bacterial origin, it is necessary to use drugs with antiseptic properties, for example, solutions of furatsilin, silver salts or drops with antibiotics. Control antibacterial therapy only a doctor should.
Drops into the nose are administered with a pipette only after the nasal passages have been toileted and mucus and crusts have been removed from them. The child is in a supine position. The head should be slightly turned in the direction from which the medicine is dripped. This promotes better hydration of the nasal mucosa and slows down the entry of the solution into the nasopharynx, which makes it more effective treatment.
Remember that the same medicine should not be administered into the nose for more than one week. If the treatment is not effective and there is a need to continue it, consult your doctor.
At purulent discharge from the nose best effect gives the use of ointments that are introduced into the nasal cavity using a cotton swab to a depth of 1.5 cm. After 7-10-15 minutes. the tampon is removed. You can also warm your nose with a blue lamp, while protecting your eyes. Reddened skin under the nose should be lubricated vegetable oil or cream, and rinse the eyes with a 2% solution of boric acid.

From: Ekaterinburg
Registered: 2011-06-01
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Most often they use, as mentioned above, mustard plasters in socks, mustard plasters, this is generally an excellent invention

“You cannot ignore the need to treat a runny nose in children, considering that a runny nose is an insignificant disease. Complications of a runny nose in this case will not keep you waiting - a runny nose in a chronic form or sinusitis in its various manifestations.”

There is an interesting article about the runny nose here, Interesting solutions for the runny nose, folk remedies there is a paragraph about children and infants. A lot of interesting.

ENT organs are the first barrier to the pathogenic effects of pathogenic microflora on the body. Sanitation of the ENT organs is an important part of the prevention of infectious diseases such as tonsillitis, tonsillitis, influenza, diseases of the paranasal sinuses, laryngitis and others.

Areas of use

Procedures to prevent the development of acute processes and exacerbations chronic diseases upper respiratory tract are necessary in certain categories of the population. Thus, sanitation of ENT organs in schoolchildren is carried out in the autumn-winter period. The procedure is quite effective and reduces the incidence by half.

Women suffering from frequent ENT diseases need to consult a doctor when planning and during pregnancy. The otolaryngologist will make a plan preventive measures acceptance, including sanitation of ENT organs in pregnant women and physiotherapeutic procedures aimed at preventing exacerbations that adversely affect the health of the expectant mother and child.

Types of rehabilitation

In order to sanitize the ENT organs, the following procedures are carried out:

washing;

ultrasonic influence;

laser therapeutic effects;

vibroacoustic impact;

ultraviolet irradiation.

Indications

Indications for sanitation of the upper respiratory tract are the following symptoms:

elevated temperature;

difficulty breathing;

decreased sense of smell;

hearing loss and painful sensations in the ear area;

sore, burning and sore throat.

In the presence of purulent plugs In the tonsils, the tonsils are washed. Indications for sanitation of the nasal cavity are accumulations of secretory or postoperative masses in the nose when it is impossible to remove them independently.

Contraindications

Some sanitation methods are contraindicated for certain conditions. Thus, washing the tonsils is not indicated in acute infectious processes, active pulmonary tuberculosis, severe dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Washing the paranasal sinuses using the “Cuckoo” method is contraindicated in case of epilepsy, frequent nosebleeds, childhood.

The nasal cavity and nasopharynx, being part of the upper respiratory tract, perform quite a lot important functions. In these organs, air is humidified and warmed, as well as retaining and neutralizing harmful substances, which can enter the body during breathing. Therefore, the condition of the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract must be given special attention.

According to generally accepted terminology, sanitation of the nose and nasopharynx is a set of therapeutic and preventive measures aimed at improving health, eliminating pathological disorders and preventing the development of various infectious and inflammatory diseases. In this case, all measures must be coordinated and approved by a qualified doctor. Washing, irrigation and treatment of mucous membranes with various medicines helps normalize her condition.

Sanitation of the nose and pharynx can be successfully carried out at home.

Medicines for sanitation

Today, there are no particular problems with the choice of medicines for healing the nasal cavity and throat. The range of these drugs is quite wide. When choosing a drug, it is recommended to take into account not only availability, but also effectiveness and safety for the patient. Modern medications that are used to sanitize the nose and nasopharynx:

Otrivin Sea.
Aqualor.
Dolphin.
Aqua Maris.
Physiometer.
Miramistin.
Chlorhexidine.

Otrivin Sea

Otrivin More will help protect the nasal mucosa and facilitate nasal breathing. Represents isotonic solution sea water containing natural trace elements. Recommended for daily use. What beneficial properties of sea water should you know:

Has an antibacterial effect when rinsing the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Its correct use allows you to effectively remove dust, viruses, bacteria and other pathogenic environmental agents from the mucous membrane.
If you want to protect your throat from infectious and inflammatory diseases and restore your vocal cords, regularly gargle with sea water.
Taking sea baths has a positive effect on the state of the endocrine system.
Abrasions and cuts heal faster if they are treated with sea water.
Regular rinses oral cavity help strengthen teeth and gums.

Otrivin More does not have a systemic effect on the human body, which is one of the main advantages of the drug. A patient who uses this natural remedy may reduce the dose of other medications used for complex therapy. It is recommended to be used not only for prevention and treatment, but also as a daily hygiene product. Works great for the following symptoms:

Nasal congestion.
Swelling of the mucous membrane.
Runny nose.
Sneezing.

Thanks to the effective cleansing of the mucous membrane and its gentle moisturizing, Otrivin More is considered universal medicine for adults and children from 3 months of age. Available in the form of a spray with a volume of 50 and 100 ml. The production is carried out by the Swiss pharmaceutical company Novartis. The cost of a bottle ranges from 320-440 rubles. Currently, various analogues are also widely available:

Aqua Maris.
Aqualor.
Physiometer.
Dolphin.
Marimer.

If you do not know what sanitation of the nasopharynx and nasal cavity is, we recommend that you consult an otolaryngologist for advice.

Aqualor

Another popular medicine based on sea water is Aqualor. It is rich in all active substances and microelements that are part of sea water: potassium, magnesium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, selenium, zinc, iron and others. Refers to classic natural preparations that do not contain preservatives. What properties does Aqualor have:

The spray ensures thorough rinsing of all parts of the nasal cavity. This removes bacteria, viruses, allergens, crusts, mucus, dirt, etc.
Breathing through the nose is successfully restored.
Maintains the normal physiological state of the mucous membrane.
When used simultaneously with other drugs, the therapeutic effectiveness of the latter increases. In addition, it reduces their dosage and the development of adverse reactions.

For preventive purposes, it is recommended to use Aqualor 1–2 times a day. In complex therapy, it can be used up to four times a day. It is worth noting that there are no restrictions on the duration and frequency of use. However, it is worth noting that during complex treatment Aqualor is used before other local drugs. Addiction and allergic reactions do not develop. His beneficial properties Pregnant and lactating women, as well as newborns, can use it. It has been clinically proven that Aqualor is safe for all categories of patients.

Currently, several varieties of this drug are available, which differ in cylinder volumes, spray nozzles and composition. For example, Aqualor Extra contains not only sea water, but also aloe vera and chamomile extracts. The shape of the nozzles corresponds anatomical features nasal passages of people of different ages. When choosing a medicine, as a rule, the patient's age and indications are taken into account. Basically, French and Swiss pharmaceutical laboratories produce all varieties of Aqualor.

The price for one bottle of spray is 270–320 rubles. The shape and volume of the cylinder determine the cost of the drug.

Dolphin

Today, the domestic drug Dolphin is quite popular for rinsing the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. The main component is halite or rock salt. To increase its usefulness, the composition was enriched with rosehip and licorice extracts. Halite has an antiseptic effect. Rosehip helps strengthen the smallest blood vessels and improve recovery processes. Licorice is characterized by antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and immunostimulating properties.

Dolphin provides the following pharmachologic effect:

Rinsing the nasal cavity and nasopharynx allows you to mechanically remove dust, bacteria, viruses and other pathogenic agents.
Helps reduce swelling.
Improves mucus outflow.
Provides restoration of patency of the nasal passages.
Prevents the spread of the infectious pathological process to other ENT organs (for example, the middle ear).

It is successfully used both prophylactically and therapeutic purpose at various diseases nasal mucosa. Features of use:

A special irrigator bottle with a volume of 240 ml is supplied with the medicine. Boiled water is poured into it and mineral and plant powder contained in one sachet is added.
Screw on the endonasal nozzle and shake the bottle thoroughly until the powder is completely dissolved.
In case of difficulty breathing through the nose, it is recommended to instill vasoconstrictor medications before rinsing.
We lean over the sink, keeping our head straight.
We insert the nozzle into the nasal passage and press on the bottle.
Liquid entering one nostril must flow out of the other.
After rinsing the nasal passages with a medicinal solution, we blow our nose well.

Sanitation of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx can be carried out up to twice a day. Not all patients have access to this rinsing method. Dolphin is contraindicated in children under 4 years of age, with allergies to active substances medications, a predisposition to nosebleeds, and deformities of the nasal passages. Can be included as a therapeutic and prophylactic procedure during pregnancy and lactation. Allowed for use with other medications.

Dolphin is a unique development modern medicine, which has no domestic analogues.

Miramistin

One of the most common antiseptic drugs actively used in otolaryngology is Miramistin. Thanks to a special nozzle, it is convenient to use for treating the nasal mucosa. Indispensable for purulent lesions of the paranasal sinuses. Along with pronounced antiseptic properties, it stimulates local immunity. Among the contraindications, it should be noted only the presence of an allergy to the components of the drug.

As an effective antiseptic, it can also be used by pregnant women and breastfeeding women. Some patients experience a burning sensation after using the drug, which passes quickly enough without any consequences for the body. In most cases, Miramistin does not irritate the mucous membranes and is well tolerated. Allowed for over-the-counter release. You can purchase it at a price of 200 rubles per bottle (50 ml of solution). If the patient has allergic reaction on Mramistin, the doctor can easily select an affordable analogue of domestic production.

It is highly undesirable to sanitize the nose and nasopharyngeal area without first consulting a specialist.

Sanitation at home

Rinsing the nose and nasopharynx can be done at home without resorting to purchasing special medications. To do this, we need a syringe or a disposable syringe, but, of course, without a needle. We insert the tip of the syringe or syringe into one of the nasal passages and inject the solution. The procedure is best performed while leaning over the sink. In the absence of serious airway obstruction, the injected fluid passes through the nasopharynx and flows out through the other nasal passage. Some of the liquid enters the mouth. There is no need to be afraid of this. Ideally, you introduce liquid into one nostril and it flows out through the other.

In most cases, to sanitize the nose and nasopharynx, it is recommended to use a regular isotonic sodium chloride solution or special medications containing sea water. However, a solution for treating the nasal cavity can be prepared independently without much difficulty. Take half a teaspoon of salt and dissolve it in 200 ml of water at room temperature. If it stings the mucous membrane too much, the solution is too concentrated. In such cases, it is necessary to dilute it a little more with water.

It is recommended to carry out similar sanitation of the nose and nasopharynx 1–2 times a day. It is best to perform the procedure in the evening immediately after work. This will get rid of all pathogenic agents that have accumulated on the mucous membrane (palm, bacteria, viruses, etc.).

When is the nose and nasopharynx not washed?

When a person suffers from colds, there is swelling of the mucous membrane and difficulty breathing through the nose. Serving in nasal cavity fluid under pressure, we can force it into other ENT organs (for example, the middle ear). Along with the fluid, the components of inflammation and the causative agent of the disease spread.

Before rinsing, you should make sure that the nasal passages are patent. In some cases, 15 minutes before the procedure you can use vasoconstrictor drops. However, it is better to first consult with a qualified specialist about the possibility of carrying out safe sanitation. In addition, there is absolutely no point in treating the nasal mucosa, which contains numerous polyps.

Periodic control The condition of the organs being sanitized must be monitored by the attending physician.

A runny nose occurs more often in children than in adults and is more severe. The inflammatory process that begins in the nasal mucosa can spread to the bronchi, lungs, and auditory tube. To avoid complications, you need to relieve the swelling of the nasal mucosa as quickly as possible and return the baby to normal nasal breathing.

“Runny nose” is the common name for rhinitis, an inflammatory process in the nasal mucosa. Main symptom This disease is characterized by intensive formation of muconasal secretion (nasal mucus). The mucus itself does not pose a health hazard. It performs a protective function, moisturizes the inhaled air, traps dust particles, and has antiseptic properties.

With a viral or infectious disease, the amount of mucus secreted increases significantly. The body intensively produces muconasal secretions to neutralize microorganisms that disrupt the functioning of the nasopharynx. As a result, the patient suffers from profuse mucus discharge from the nose.

Important! In childhood, infection from the nose often penetrates the respiratory organs, auditory tube, and paranasal sinuses. Rhinitis is especially dangerous for infants.

Types of rhinitis

Symptoms of rhinitis appear with many pathological conditions. The most common causes of inflammation of the nasal mucosa in childhood: infection, allergic reaction, reaction to irritants (cold, dust), atrophy of the nasal mucosa.

For treatment to be effective, it is important to determine the type of rhinitis in a child.

Type of disease	Causes	Peculiarities	Character of mucus
Infectious rhinitis	Introduction of influenza pathogens, rhinoviruses, adenoviruses and other pathogenic viruses and bacteria into the child’s body	During the course of the disease, three stages are distinguished: swelling of the mucous membrane and nasal congestion, then the release of copious watery mucus, final stage– thickening of mucus and gradual disappearance	Mucus is initially absent, then abundant transparent discharge. They gradually thicken and acquire a greenish, yellowish, white color.
Allergic rhinitis (hay fever)	Allergic reaction to pollen, animals, food and other sources of allergens	Upon contact with an allergen, itching and burning in the nasal cavity, sneezing, and mucus begin. This type of runny nose is characterized by seasonal exacerbations.	Mucus is serous, watery
Vasomotor (neurovegetative) rhinitis	Irritation of the nasal mucosa without visible reasons or due to temperature changes (for example, when entering a warm room from the street in winter)	The child secretes mucus from the nose constantly or during periods of seasonal exacerbation	Small or, conversely, abundant transparent nasal discharge of a watery or mucous nature. In some cases, only nasal congestion is observed
Atrophic (medicinal) rhinitis	Abuse of vasoconstrictor drugs for the nose	After a runny nose, nasal discharge continues. The nose may be dry and itchy	The amount of mucus may vary and the mucus is watery

Causes

Infectious rhinitis usually develops against the background of acute respiratory viral infection. The most common causative agents of this disease are rhinoviruses; they cause a runny nose in at least a third of cases. Rhinitis is much less commonly caused by influenza viruses, adenoviruses, coronaviruses and others.

A runny nose can be of bacterial origin, and in most cases it is caused by streptococci. In the chronic form of the runny nose, the range of pathogens is wider: these include opportunistic bacteria, several types of staphylococci, fungi, and specific pathogens. In the nasopharynx of healthy children there are constantly colonies of microorganisms that can become active due to decreased immunity.

Non-infectious rhinitis in children can occur for many reasons:

response to stimuli environment(cold, tobacco smoke, smog, household dust, chemical fumes);
use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, aspirin);
reaction of the nasal mucosa to allergens;
disruption of the nasal mucosa due to prolonged use of vasoconstrictor drops and sprays.

Symptoms

With any type of rhinitis, changes occur in the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract. This manifests itself in the following symptoms:

difficulty breathing;
narrowing of the nasal passages caused by swelling;
unusual sensations in the nose: burning, itching, tingling;
tearfulness of the eyes;
headache;
redness of the nose and upper lip;
formation of nasal mucus.

If the baby’s rhinitis turns into chronic form, the symptoms are less severe. The child constantly has a stuffy nose, the amount of nasal discharge either increases or decreases. The nature of the mucus may change from more abundant and watery discharge to thicker, purulent discharge.

Diagnostics

A pediatrician, otolaryngologist, or allergist can diagnose your child. Tests and examinations that may be required to diagnose rhinitis:

general examination of the child;
anterior rhinoscopy (examination of the nasal cavity using a special dilator);
laboratory examination of a nasal swab.

If rhinitis occurs as a symptom infectious disease(measles, influenza, whooping cough), additional diagnostic methods may be required. If you suspect an allergic nature of rhinitis, the doctor will suggest conducting a specific examination (skin tests, provocative tests).

Video - How to treat a runny nose

Complications

Acute infectious rhinitis in a child can lead to the spread of the inflammatory process to Airways, paranasal sinuses, auditory tube. The younger the child, the higher the risk of complications.

What diseases can a runny nose lead to:

otitis media;
sinusitis;
inflammatory processes in the larynx, trachea, bronchi;
pneumonia;
bronchial asthma.

Treatment

In most cases, rhinitis in children is treated at home. If the disease is severe and has complications, hospitalization may be required. In what cases does a child need urgent medical care:

temperature above 39.5 °C;
respiratory failure;
loss of consciousness;
convulsions;
purulent process in the nasal cavity.

Treatment of rhinitis should be comprehensive and symptomatic. Key points in therapy for a runny nose:

cleansing and disinfection (sanitation) of the nasal cavity;
inhalation;
use of vasoconstrictor drugs;
physiotherapeutic procedures;
distraction therapy.

Sanitation of the nasal passages

To eliminate the symptoms of rhinitis, you need to periodically clear the child's nasal passages of mucus. Rinsing the nose with disinfecting solutions facilitates nasal breathing and enhances the protective properties of the mucous membrane.

Children's nasal passages are narrower than those of adults, so the use of nasal rinsing devices that create excessive pressure (syringes, syringes) is unacceptable for them. The flushing procedure can harm the child if performed incorrectly. Together with the fluid, the infection from the nose enters the sinuses and Eustachian tubes.

It is advisable that the baby independently draws liquid into the nose. To do this, you can pour the solution into a cup or directly into the child's hands. Special teapots for nasal hygiene - jala neti or neti pot - are suitable.

Attention! Before the procedure, the child must blow his nose. If the nose is very stuffy, you can instill a vasoconstrictor. When the child's breathing is restored, you can begin rinsing.

The procedure is performed over a sink or bathtub. During the administration of liquid, the child needs to tilt his head slightly to the side. The solution is poured into the nostril that is located higher than the second. After the liquid has flowed into your nose, you need to slowly turn your head in the opposite direction. The solution will pour out of your nose at this point. Now you can move on to rinsing the other nostril.

You can make your own rinsing solution or purchase it at a pharmacy. Drugs such as Dolphin, Aqua Maris, Aqualor equipped with mini-devices for rinsing the nose. Do not purchase the version of the drug intended for adults. Baby rinsing bottles create a gentle shower that is safe for your baby's health. A homemade solution can be prepared using sea salt, Furacilina or Miramistina.

Vasoconstrictor drugs

To reduce the amount of mucus and ease breathing in children, vasoconstrictors are used in the form of drops and sprays. Only drops are suitable for infants. Such drugs should not be used for longer than the period specified in the instructions (usually 5-7 days). If your child’s runny nose does not go away within a week, you should consult a doctor.

Products containing xylometazoline, naphazoline, and oxymetazoline are suitable for children. Examples of pediatric vasoconstrictor drugs:

Vibrocil (from birth);
Nazol baby (from 2 months);
Otrivin for children (from 1 year);
Sanorin (from 2 years old);
Naphthyzin for children (from 6 years old).

Most safe means considered for the treatment of runny nose in children Vibrocil. It combines antihistamine and vasoconstrictor properties. The drug does not cause recurrent swelling of the mucous membrane, has a gentle effect on it, and does not disturb the pH of the nose. It can be used for as long as possible – up to 14 days, so it is suitable for chronic rhinitis.

Important! If the period during which you can use vasoconstrictor drops has expired, and the child still suffers from nasal congestion, you can use drops with an astringent and anti-inflammatory effect:

Collargol (3% solution);
Protargol (1-2% solution).

Antibiotics

Antibacterial therapy is prescribed by a doctor only for complicated rhinitis. Suitable for treating runny nose local antibiotics: sprays, drops, ointments. The course of treatment with such drugs is about 10 days.

Antibacterial drugs for rhinitis:

Fusafungin (aerosol for inhalation);
Bioparox (aerosol for inhalation);
Isofra (spray);
Polydex (spray and drops);
Bactroban (intranasal ointment).

Video - Runny nose in a child

Healing procedures

A runny nose in children can be quickly eliminated with the help of distraction therapy. These are various thermal and irritating effects on the body of a sick child. At home, you can use hot foot baths, apply cups and mustard plasters, apply warm compresses to the bridge of the nose.

Attention! Warming procedures cannot be carried out in acute period diseases, as they can intensify the inflammatory process. They will be useful during the child’s recovery stage. For children under one year of age, home warming methods are contraindicated.

A doctor may suggest the following types of physiotherapy to treat a runny nose:

UV therapy;
UHF therapy;
laser treatment;
electrophoresis;
magnetic therapy;
nasal rinsing using the “cuckoo” method;
hardware inhalations.

Folk remedies

Methods traditional medicine will help with mild form rhinitis or at the recovery stage. You can make your own nasal drops by squeezing juice from medicinal plants and vegetables. Such drops have a mild antiseptic effect, moisturize and restore the nasal mucosa. Fresh juice of beets, aloe, and kalanchoe is enough to bury in the nose 2-3 times a day, 2-3 drops.

Strong folk remedy for rhinitis – these are garlic-based drops. You need to squeeze the juice from several cloves of garlic, mix it with sunflower or olive oil and let the composition brew for 6 hours. It is advisable to observe the proportions: no more than two drops of juice per teaspoon of oil. The product is instilled into the nose, 1-2 drops 2-3 times a day. This recipe should be used with caution, as garlic juice irritates the nasal mucosa and can cause a burn.

Important! A less aggressive treatment method is garlic inhalations. You can make “beads” for your child from garlic cloves on a string or let him breathe over a cup of chopped garlic.

Traditional medicine recommends warming the bridge of the nose for rhinitis. This can be done using a boiled egg. Boil the egg, remove it from the water and wrap it in a scarf without peeling it. This compress should be kept on the nose and bridge of the nose until the egg cools down. It is advisable to repeat the procedure 2-3 times a day.

Rhinitis in children is usually easy to treat if left untreated. It is important to eliminate the inflammatory process in the nasopharynx before it spreads to neighboring organs. In the absence of complications, a runny nose goes away in 7-10 days.

Rinsing the nose with salt water is one of the traditional medicine methods aimed at sanitizing the nasal cavity and cleansing it of mucus and pathogenic microflora, as well as reducing swelling of the nasal mucosa. Considered one of the most effective non-drug methods treatment, due to the fact that you can prepare the product and perform the procedures at home.

Description and features

A saline solution is a mixture of water and salt that can have several variations depending on the salt from which it was made. For its preparation it can be used sea salt, which can be purchased at pharmacy chains or regular, table-made. The solutions do not have any fundamental differences, although it is believed that sea salt has slightly more pronounced healing properties.

Biological effects

The saline solution has the following properties:

Proper rinsing of the nose with salt water helps to significantly reduce the manifestations of pathological symptoms and often significantly shorten the treatment time in both adults and children.

Indications and contraindications

Cleansing the nose with salt water can be used to treat the following diseases:

In addition, sanitizing the nose with salt water can often be prescribed for the purpose of prevention. colds at home. The product is effective for both adults and children.

Contraindications:

Frequent otitis.
Frequent episodes of nosebleeds.
Anatomical narrowness of one or both nasal passages.
Neoplastic formations in the lumen of the nasal cavity.
Hypersensitivity to the ingredients of the solution.

Cooking recipe and washing rules

To begin with, it is worth mentioning that using a pharmaceutical mixture (for example, Dolphin) is safer, since the liquid will be guaranteed sterile. This is also a guarantee that the solution is prepared correctly. However, making the mixture at home entails significantly lower financial costs.

In order to make a saline solution, you need to prepare in advance:

To prepare your own saline solution for rinsing the nose, you need to:

After the saline solution has cooled somewhat and reached a comfortable temperature, it can be used. However, for maximum therapeutic effect, you should fully adhere to the basic points of the nasal rinsing technique, especially for children.

Rules to follow

There are different techniques for cleaning the nose using saline solution. Below we describe those that are the simplest and most effective, and are also available for use at home for both adults and children.

Breathing when performing rinses should be purely oral!

When using a saline solution prepared correctly, exactly according to the recipe, and subject to all the rules of rinsing technique, a positive effect occurs almost instantly - nasal breathing resumes and the amount of nasal discharge decreases.

The risk of any complications is also minimized - the procedures are as safe as possible, therefore they are often recommended for use at home, even for small children.

However, rinsing may not only be ineffective, but may even worsen the symptoms. This can happen when cold air enters the nasal cavity immediately after rinsing. This is due to the fact that in the paranasal sinuses, where water enters, brine may linger somewhat and upon release damage the cooled mucous membrane. In this regard, you can go outside after the procedures only after 30 minutes in the summer and 2 hours in the winter.

Features of the procedure in children

To cleanse the nose, children are recommended to use a syringe or a regular syringe without a needle, the container of which is filled with a pre-prepared medicine. Next, you need to slightly tilt the child forward over the sink and slightly turn his head towards one of the nasal passages. The product should be injected into it first.

The tilt is necessary for proper circulation of the solution in the nasal cavity: it will reach the posterior edge of the nasal septum, go around it and exit through the other nasal passage. In this case, the solution may enter the paranasal sinuses - this is normal; after a short period of time it will come out from there. In addition, fluid may come out through the mouth - this is normal.

The product should be administered under low pressure. It is important to explain to the child that during the procedure you need to hold your breath while inhaling. After washing, it is important to blow your nose thoroughly.

A couple of minutes after rinsing, you need to repeat the procedure for the other nostril.

If you need to rinse your nose with salt water, your baby should follow these rules:

How often can you rinse your nose with salt water? Otolaryngologists recommend performing it daily, at least twice a day - morning and evening. The duration of use of nasal drops or solution corresponds to the duration of treatment of the entire disease. In other words, you can rinse your nose throughout the entire course of therapy. You can also use the salt mixture for preventive purposes - it’s easy to prepare the product yourself and is safe to use at any age - both infants and the elderly.

Alternative remedies

If you have been prescribed a nasal rinse saline solution, but for some reason it does not suit you - it can be replaced with the following means:

The effectiveness and safety of other agents may depend on individual characteristics children and adults, therefore, before changing the treatment regimen, you should consult a doctor.