Rescue dogs. Dog lifeguard. Breed of dog rescuers their description, features and training. Fire, Water and Copper Pipes

Requirements for the dog

What a PSS dog should be, it is seen from the case that occurred with the Shepherd Ajax. After the catastrophe in the mountains, when avalanche covered 11 schoolchildren and 2 teachers, shepherd worked 96 hours in a row. Saving people, she scored claws and ruined tightly pressed snow until it fell from exhaustion. The dog was frostable legs. Rescuers attributed Ajax to a mountain hut to make a dressing. But it was impossible to keep under the roof. The dog rushed to the locked door of the hut, trying to break out. In the end, Ajax was released, and he stringly rushed to the place of avalanche. With the wounded legs, Ajax found another person, buried alive in the snow grave ...

Performing a dog such a heavy, dedicated work is possible only if it has good innate data, developed and fixed by special training. The PSS dog should have sharp small, good hearing and vision, strength and endurance, dense, but short-lived wool. The best way - average growth data, 45-55 cm in the withers, facilitating the dog Movement for hard-ranking relief, tanks; strong, balanced moving type of GNI; strong, strong-dry type of constitution; Approximately search type of behavior. It should not be aggressive and evil to unfamiliar people, dogs and other animals, - to be dopy.

Although the PSS service is not simple, it does not require that some special breed dogs are chosen for her, without fail with "rich" pedigrees. For this service, collie, service huskies can be used, german shepherds Both other breeds, as well as various methuses. Science has established that it was Laikides with the greatest life potency (resistance) and adaptive abilities - numerous varieties of lacas and breeds close to them.

From service rocks, undoubtedly, the best for PSS is a collie. Dogs of this breed perfectly produce all types of search, never show aggressiveness to unfamiliar people. They possess large "intelligence", that is, pronounced sensitory activities. At the homeland of these dogs, in Scotland, there are 4 varieties of rocks - the collie long-haired, smooth-haired, bearded and border. The best for the search service is Border Collie. With good visibility, these small dogs (height in the withers - 50 cm) work independently, being from the conductor at a high distance.

Official huskies for their works entered the history of our country. During the Great Patriotic War there was no better sanitary and hardened dogs than husky. Currently, the dogs of this breed are consisting of "service" in our armed forces, they are highly appreciated abroad. For use in the PSS in any area of \u200b\u200bthe country, the flaws have no shortcomings. Chukotka vegetables, as stronger and hardy, it is advisable to use in the northern and eastern regions, deerganic (Nenets) can be applied everywhere. For stamina, "passability" in the ripples, activity and mobility in the work of rocks like huskies, no.

It is not necessary to acquire a puppy, you can also take an adult, well-grown and developed dog under the age of 2 years. As a rule, males are more energetic and endless when working under difficult conditions, bitch - more thoroughly in the search, are less reacting to distracting stimuli.

Each dog has its own individual characteristics behavior - work performed, movement, etc., that is, its own "manner". Each dog has its own positive and negative sides. Therefore, the main thing is not to look for any outstanding dogs, but their correct, serious preparation. The concept of "preparation" includes all types of influence on the dog, which ensure their readiness to officially use, and practically make up a single complex: growing, upbringing, content, training, training.

Individual neuropsychic features of the trainer have a strong impact on the grown puppy, which is usually likened to their "leader", but not always and equally. Timely upbringing is the key to the success of any puppy. But purchasing adult dogIt is necessary to take into account the already established individual neuropsychiatric features, their compatibility with the features of the trainer.

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All you need to know

Wolmar.

Unfortunately, the current reality is such that the growth dynamics of technogenic disasters and the frequency of terrorist attacks become threatening. Under these conditions, the work of search and rescue services (PSS), created with the aim of timely search for victims and assist them, is extremely important. Along with people, specially trained and trained dogs are carried in rescue teams.

In order to imagine the most bright, what kind of dog rescue service, it is enough to remember the shepherd's hiking already a hick spectacle of Ajax. In 1954, in the mountains of Dakhstein Avalanche covered the group of schoolchildren led by the teacher. The dog worked four days without rest, one after another, saving people from under the thickness of the compressed snow. She was digging and scraped with claws, even frosting the paws until he fell from exhaustion. When the rescuers attributed Ajax to the base to tie it up, the PSA could not be held on the spot - he rushed to the place of search. Fruent paws dog dug in the snow another child.

Required qualities of dogs for searching rescue service

The performance of such a complex and exhaustive work is possible only if the dog has excellent natural data, which are developed and improved by special professional training of dogs. To work in the PSS, the dog should have excellent hearing, sharp small, endurance and non-lawyer.

It is desirable that it is no higher than 45-50 cm, which will facilitate its transportation and movement in hard-to-reach places. The dog for the PSS should have a strong and balanced character, to study and trust people well. Even unfamiliar people and animals should not cause aggression from her. Slissed or vice versa, excessively excited animals, are affordable for rescue work.

Despite the fact that PSS is a rather difficult job, it does not require selection of special breed dogs with special pedigrees. Experience shows that they cope with the husky service well, German Shepherds, Collie, Senbernara, as well as methuses. As for age, not only a puppy is suitable for training, but also a well-developed dog to a two-year-old age.

Taking into account the specifics of the work, trainers use as more enduring and strong males, and attentive and cautious bitches. Not age, breed and floor, and competent training Animals I. correct care They are influenced by the final result.

Initial preparation of dogs

Dog training includes proper cultivation (growth, physical development) and consistent education (behavior and nervous system). Both concepts are inextricably linked and are mandatory. From undeveloped physically dogs do not have to expect a balanced psyche and a strong nervous system.

That is why from an early age, along with unpretentious to food and vitamins for service dogs Wolmar, the ability to work in complex meteors, for rescue dogs form courage and interest in finding, perseverance in achieving the goal. That is why it is important that the training sessions for searching the source of the smell have always endanted by his finding. Otherwise, interest in search work will be reduced or will disappear.Diseases and Recommendations for Rottweiler

However, this does not mean that the task should be alleviated, making too simple crackers. From the very first occupation, the dog should be aimed at difficulty in work, and therefore, it is preferable if it finds a pair of hard smokes than a lot of simple. If the animal does not cope with the task, the trainer may gradually narrow the search for a search, helping his pet. In case of good luck, the coach more actively encourages the dog.

System of training dogs

Every morning it is recommended to start with a half-hour cross to train endurance and power. During daily walks, the dog is descended from the leash, allowing you to freely sniff out objects. It is also necessary to train her flair, sending for far-cast apiral objects.

Once a week, an animal requires a continuous walk with increased motor activity: jumping, overcoming obstacles, swimming. For hardening in winter, spend the night in a snowy hole.

In order to form the ability to navigate the terrain, you should often change the route of the walk, take a dog into long-term trips to the area with various species relief. Dosing the load and ordering the animal should be gradually, not allowing sharp hypothermia. Carefully need to treat a dog's psyche without overloading it.

If the task is successful, the coach must encourage the animal with a treat, expressing joy and caress, creating the motivation of the correct behavior from puppy age.Diseases and recommendations for the Beagle

Training technique for search rescue service

By catching a dog to the sample of things by smell, it should be achieved so that she does not bring the vaccinently found thing, but only served a voice. It is extremely important in the real setting: when the dog finds things the victim, she should not leave the place due to the threat to lose it.

By telling the lame about the find, the dog continues to sniff everything around, trying to find the person himself. It is possible to achieve proper behavior as follows: as soon as the dog finds a typing item, the trainer runs up to it, gives the team to sit down and wave in front of it found item, provoking Lai.

To search for the victim in dogs, the skill of a zigzag examination of the terrain is produced with the location of two crash with the smell of the assistant. The conditional stimulus is the team of the coach "Looking for!" And the characteristic hand gesture in the search direction. Auxiliary stimulus - team "Forward!".

Parehomas, caressing and expression of the joy of the trainer - unconditional stimuli of skill production. The shuttle method allows you to use the counter wind in the search for different angles, alleviating the casting of the smell. In addition to the shuttle, such search methods are used as "fan" and "spiral". As the dog is mastering a method, training is complicated, the depth of man and objects increases. The dog learns to find a stranger without prior acquaintance with his smell. In parallel with search skills training teach K. loud sounds, smells of smoke and bloodTransportation by various types of transport.

Dog content

Contain dogs better in an open fenced aviary with insulated booths. So animals will be hardened, they will have underworld, without which it is not necessary, working in the cold. Rational contained in the aviary not one, but at once 3-5 dogs. This method has the following advantages:

More space for every dog.

Animals do not bored, playing together.

Ease of care for trainers.

Conditions for physical development and hardening.

When the house is kept, the dog is given a unheated room or a veranda, but without drafts. The bubble is suitable as a litter, under which a wooden shield is placed. If training B. winter time They will be quite frequent, in dogs and at home is preserved underwear.Diseases and recommendations for Welsh Corge Pembroke

Equipment

Careful equipment is prerequisite right organization Training classes at the rate of PSS. For a coach, it consists of easy comfortable clothing and shoes from a waterproof material, on top of which a red vest with an EMBOD of the SPSS is put on. This form allows you to highlight the trainer among other workers, and for the dog is a conditional stimulus in preparing for the search, activating the animal.

The dog's equipment consists of standard trainers with pockets on the fasteners, covered with red matter. It serves as a belt for fastening the safety rope, allows you to see a dog on any background, serves as a container for delivering notes and medicines. In addition to polls, a long leash is included in the kit. With this equipment, the dog can be tugging a skier or a sled with a cargo. Paws of dogs from cuts and wounds protect special bootings.

Dog certification

The training course for any PSS dog ends with a control occupation. And for the coach, and for his pupil is a serious test. The Commission places estimates for the execution of each reception. Such an exam for admission to participate in rescue work, dogs pass annually. Certification reveals the merits and disadvantages of dogs, assesses them search Qualities, enriches the experience of trainers and their wards.

History Fourth: Legendary Barry
Many Senburnars entered the history of the monastery named: Turk, Jupiter, Drago. In their account, not one dozen saved lives. Probably the most famous dog in history was Barry. Such a halo of glory had no dog in the world. Poems are written about him, the stories were dedicated to him. Barry was very educated, intelligent dog. I knew how to exclusively navigate, was very hardy and was not afraid of frosts. Repeatedly happened that he unexpectedly broke away from the place of rest and ran away, and a few minutes later avalanche was collapsed. When he felt the approach of fog or storm, he became restless and often went to the mountains to help the travelers. The most famous act, inspired poets, artists, sculptors to create works about him, was salvation little boy. The peasant Maria Vinzettti, despite the warning, went with her son through the pass in winter, without accompanying. Avalanche they were thrown into crevice. Barry learned them and hurried to help. When he found them, then the mother from the latter forces tied a child to the back of the dog her shawl. Barry brought a child to the monastery and thus saved his life. In the spring, the abbot of the monastery went down from the pass and gave the boy to relatives who considered him dead.
Tragically ended its amateur activity. After the defeat of the Napoleonic troops in Russia, the remnants of the army fled to their homeland in full disarray. One of these warriors was covered on avalanche pass. Barry found him and dug off, after which he began to warb his body. Having come to himself, the freezing saw the huge head of Barry and, accepting him for wild beast, hit the ice ax. Alien knew nothing about the dogs of the Monastery of St. Bernard. Heavily wounded dog, leaving a wide bloody trail, Dressely to the house, and on this terrible trail the monks found a grief-traveler. Wound Barry was processed, bleeding stopped. At this time, a passing merchant was stopped in the monastery who persuaded the monks to give him a dog in order for him to take her to the hospital for animals in Bern. The dog was put in Sani, all residents of the monastery came out to accomplish her. In Bern, they managed to treat Barry, but he did not finally recovered, "the old age said. The city, the merit of the famous PSA, fed and kept him until death. When he died, Barry stuffedly installed in a museum, where it is carefully stored to this day.
One of the monuments of Barry is the poet of the XIX century Sheitlin, dedicated to the legendary senbernar:
"The simplen dog that we know was not the one who woke up hour acropolis in Corinth; and not bitserillo, which broke the hundreds of red-born Indians; Not that dog executioner, which, by order of his Mr. spent through a gloomy and dangerous cut of a cowardly traveler path; Not the dradence of the Dragon, who in a nod of his Mr. attacked four robbers, of which someone killed some and thus saved his owner's life; Not the dog in Warsaw, who rushed into the Vistula from the bridge and saved a little girl from death; Non-orbi, who in the presence of the king madly rushed to the killer of his master and almost ripped him into the shreds; And also not the cellbird Benvenuto, who immediately woke up a jeweler when the latter wanted to steal jewels, - Barry - a sacred animal in St. Bernard, the greatest of the dogs, the greatest of animals. You really were the greatest and most intelligible dogs in a person, having a hot love for unhappy. You saved more than 40 travelers. With a basket, bread and a bottle of a sweet and reinforcing drink on the neck, you went daily from the shelter, among the blizzards and a disagreement looking for snow and littered with avalanches, you drank unfortunate, and if it was not possible to you, then rapidly ran home in order to call on The assistance of monks, which with the help of a shovel helped you find the perish. In contrast to the graveman - you resurrected the dead! Like a sensitive and sensitive person, you were also gifted by the ability to inspire your opposing travelers to them to them and compassion, since otherwise the boy saved by you, probably, would never have decided to sit on your back in order to be referred to the hospitable monastery. Arriving for the monastery, you called the bell at the sacred gate to convey my precious treasure to the hearts. And so, when a sweet burden was removed, you immediately have done the new searches.
Every good luck, you considered a reward for yourself, from every good luck, you were all joyful and complicity. Yes, this is exactly the blessing of good genius, constantly creating only kindness. Barry, what way you gave to understand this to those found to the travelers, and how did you manage to give them courage and consolation?
I would give you a speech so that another person could learn from you all this. Yes, you never expected the promise, you himself always remembered our sacred duties, just like a pious and pleasant lord. As soon as you were published, I noticed the approach of snowy weather or fog, you immediately went to search. What would happen to you if you were a man? You would probably be sv. Vintsyra and the founder of the whole hundreds of orders and monastic mercy. For the past 12 years, you performed our service, without requiring it exactly no thanks.
I had the honor to meet you at St. Bernard. With respect, as it likes, I took a hat before you. At that moment you played with your companion, like the game of tigers. I wished to make friends with you, but you ... clenched, because I did not know me. I was already known as your glory and your name. If I were unhappy, you would not shine at me. Now you have already scarecrow in the Berne Museum. The city came perfectly fairly that after you were aware of and became weak to save people, fed you to the sperm. Everyone who sees your scarecrow in Bern must take off her hat, buy your portrait and under the glass in the frame to hang on the wall, and also buy the picture on which you are depicted with a little boy on your back, when you stand with him at the gate Monastery and call the bell. Everyone who bought this picture should show it to children and schoolchildren and say so: go and create the same thing as this merciful Samaritan worked, and portraits of Robespherry, Marat, Hannibal, Abelino, as well as other killers and robbers, throw away in The window, - and all this in order for the children's soul to learn from the dogs what she learned from people! "
Barry (1800-1814) - the most famous dog Senbernar lived at the monastery on the Italian-Swiss border, worked with alpine rescuers, 40 people saved in 10 years.
They say that Barry was mistakenly killed last of those who saved. In fact, this is just a touching legend.
Mummy Barry is exhibited in the Museum of Natural History in Bern, Switzerland. In addition, its statue is at the entrance to the Cemetery of Dogs on Pet Cemetery in Paris.
Name Barry, in fact, nor has anything in common english name Barry, and comes from the Swiss-German "Bäri" (that is, the bear), which, in Switzerland, is often given in black color dogs. At the end of the XIX century, the name has changed a bit to the English manner and turned into Barry. It happened because the dog was almost a legend in the English-speaking world, which in those days was carried away by the Alps. The legend of Barry, like the "Hadi" fairy tale, are examples of enough intense advertising to attract tourists.
Often, the legends clearly embarrassed reality: for example, the story that Barry on the collar hung a small bubble with a liquid to warm the saved, is a fiction.
Dogs used by monks in the gorge of St. Bernard were very different in the form and color from those whom we call Senbernara. After a majority of dogs were accidentally killed, the monks crossed the rest with the mastiff, after which modern Senbernara appeared. That is why the color of Barry was uncomfortable to us lightly, and black.

With email, avalanche, terrorist attacks and man-made catastrophes - all this, unfortunately, part of our life. We used to sympathize with the troubles of the people from afar, worrying for those who were buried under the snowy avalanche or under the wreckage of the collapsed building, just looking through the TV screen: after all, we can not help these people. When everything is over, we can take part in collecting money for medicines, pass blood, send parcels with clothing and money transfers. But it is necessary for those who have already saved. And before doing something to do something for people who were buried alive and desperately waiting for help, it would seem, not in our power, even if the misfortune happened from us nearby. But in fact, perhaps, we and our dogs could help someone from those who fell into trouble.

Content

First steps in PSS

Whether you are Network that in most European countries, 90% of kinologists participating in rescue work with their search dogs are volunteers, that is, people of various professions that prepare their dogs and then go to the places where the trouble happened, voluntarily and Free. Of course, to become a lifeguard - a volunteer, one desire is not enough. The preparation of the search dog requires great difficulty and perseverance, in addition, the volunteer, before it is allowed to rescue work, must pass special certification, pass two exams: a dog - in the conditions close to real - should show the required search skills, and a volunteer - their own Own knowledge of the rescuer. But, despite the difficulties, a huge number of people prepare their dogs to search service. And they become in the ranks of rescuers-volunteers.

There is an international organization of rescue dogs Iro, and in different countries There are national volunteer associations - kinologists. Now such an organization has been created in Russia, its name - "Russian Search and Rescue Society of Volunteers of Rossopas-KV."

The main goal of kinologists, united in Rosspas-KV - assistance to people in the disaster zone or disappeared in deserted locality. For this, Rosspas-kV creates volunteer groups in which anyone can undergo training in the rescue service (PSS) with his personal dog, and over time - and pass certification to admit to real search work. Now in Moscow there are already several such groups. Some groups were created only a few months ago, others have been working for quite a while. Some of the participants of such groups even became certified focus - MES rescuers. Now the Society of Volunteers of Rossopas-KV creates its units, (and, accordingly, groups) in the regions so that anyone who wants to help the rescuers of the Ministry of Emergency Situations in their city or region could do it. Groups in the regions will act independently taking into account local specifics, but within the framework of the Charter of the Organization and the Code of Honor of the Volunteer.

Volunteer groups of PSS

Volunteering is hard work. A lot of time should be spent on the preparation of a dog, learn yourself. Training in a volunteer search - rescue group is quite different from any traditional classes on the train site. It is primarily in the way that there is no training platform. Most of the classes take place in places where people usually do not have voluntarily - construction, destroyed buildings, basements, forests and crossed terrain. And, most importantly, training with a dog familiar to many dog \u200b\u200bbreeders - here you need to help others. Here you will not stand and wait until I reach the turn to you with your dog. Rather, the dog, perhaps, will wait for your turn, but you are not. Training search - rescue dog It is impossible without the help of a large number of people, the so-called extracts, which during the occupation depict the victims. This is this statist in the course of the lesson, it is necessary to be every cynologist. First, you help others, depicting the victim, and when your through working with a dog comes - extremities will also be ready for you, slyly hidden in bookmarks - so called places imitating natural dumps, wells, etc., in which victims may be people. The correct bookmark device is a whole science, and you also have to learn to her during classes. In the tab, it is not only necessary to arrange a statistically with all the amenities (and there is sometimes to be in such bookmarks to be very long), but also take into account all the exits of the smell to correctly appreciate the work of the dog and avoid learning errors.

Different people come to the search service completely for different reasons: romance, desire to take a dog, communication, nature, entertainment, sports ... But here they remain quite a few. Few people coming to occupation for the first time, confidently can say that he will remain in this service for a long time. And it is not required, you can just try your hand at first. Perhaps you will not be afraid of difficulties and a noble profession, mastered by your dog and you, worth all difficulties.

Dina Kuznetsova, instructor of the PSS group:

Previously, we took in a group of absolutely all. Now, if a person seizes a desire to engage in the group, I immediately say to him than "fraught" our classes. What you need to spend quite a long time that you can not miss the workout that we are dirty and uncomfortable, that from the dog, especially at the first time, they will have to suffer from any "skins". For example, in the first classes, all dogs who put the designation with a voice are suitable for the owner and infinitely bark. And it is impossible to stop! This is then passes, but first have to suffer. Also, a person immediately has to warn that even if he is not going to be a volunteer, then the training process itself is such that he may have to forget about the dog, as a real defender, the dog will most likely be friendly to the stranger and will take food from foreign hands. And then ... we have now introduced the test period - 2 months so that you can see each other, find out if a person will like a person, whether it hurts, and of course, will be suitable for volunteer search work Dog and filmologist. And then test period A person is either starting purposefully to work on himself to become a volunteer, or ... a person just likes to do a service, or participate in competitions. How to deal with such people - decides for yourself every instructor. But all of the instructors of Rossspass should not forget that our main goal is precisely the preparation of volunteers, that is, people who in the case of trouble will be ready to help people.

First steps in PSS

So, you decided to try your strength and come into a group of PSS or if there is no such group in your city, try to start training along with your friends yourself. To begin with, it should be said that it is impossible to engage alone. As mentioned above, you will need a large number of extras and helpers, so if there is no group in your city, and you want to do, try to create this group. Feel free to contact Rosspas-KV members and rescuers in their region. You will help you to learn all the might, organize classes, the main thing is desire.

Choosing a place for classes

Classes are held on abandoned construction sites, ruins of houses, catacombs, on the dumps of old cars, railway cars, and the like - such places are necessary for learning the search in the technogenic environment. And to search in a natural environment - everything that lets the area in your region: Forest, Mountains. The forest is better to choose with a strongly crossed terrain so that the dog could not have emerged to see a person.

Places to work must be changed constantly. At the initial stage, it is best to train on construction sites (ruins), and workouts to change every 3-4 classes. In the future, it is necessary to change more often. The general rule is such - the more experienced a dog, the more likely she needs a change in the situation. In the place where you have already trained, you can again return after a few shifts. If you have several things in a row in one place, you should remember that bookmarks (places where people hide) at each occupation should be new. There must be not only a change of buildings, but also a change in various types of terrain. Periodically, novice dogs need to be selected into the forest, but necessarily organizing a deaf bookmark there.

Places for classes are also selected based on the level of complexity. For example, for novice dogs can not be used basements (where dark), places with smells of Gary, feces, mold, etc. Best of all, if it is a spacious, bright and well ventilated building, or a glade with construction materials in the fresh air.

Build bookmarks

On the initial stage PSS classes need to work only on "deaf" bookmarks, that is, where the dog will not see a person and can not get to him. This is very important, since if the dog at first give a person to see a person, it can lead to the fact that it will look for his eyes, and not use the scent. And if the bookmarks allow you to make your way to the statistics, then in the subsequent dogs there are problems in the designation of absolutely deaf and inaccessible bookmarks. If there is no opportunity to work at a construction site, then you can organize the "deaf" bookmarks and in the forest, the ambulatory holes and the bias of their boards. The main rule - the dog should not see an openly lying person.

It should be borne in mind that the dogs are very easy to "disassemble" the bookmarks, are swayed, squeezed, jump. The error is both the preparation of the bookmark, in which the dog can push his head and see a person.

Starting with simple bookmarks. These are the bookmarks that stand out visually, that is, standing apart from others so that the dog, taking the smell, could easily determine where he goes from. It is necessary that the free approach of the dog is secured directly to the place where the smell comes from. The space of the smell and the source of the smell must be in one place. So we teach dogs to ensure that they indicate the source of the smell in close proximity to it.

Also, bookmarks should have good volumetric odor outputs either evenly upwards and to the side (all kinds of cobes) or one way (long pipes, where a person sits on the one hand, bookmarks with a door or hole on one side).

Do not forget to determine the direction of the wind, as the smell can blow to another exit or to demolish towards.

It is possible to determine the release points of the smell and craving (that is, in which direction - air from the hole or in it) you can use a lighter or torch. Lighter bring to the hole and look at what direction the flame bends. There and pulls air. Torch gives us smoke. As it should be nadymov in the tab (just to do it, it is necessary in advance so as not to embarrass the dogs with the smell of smoke) We look where to go to the smoke. Thus, we determine possible odor outputs.

It is also worth remembering that the dogs are very quickly getting used to one type of bookmarks, therefore they need to be diversified - the pits in the ground, cobes, the jet of iron, plates, in the walls, raised above the ground and so on.

Over time, bookmarks can be complicated by making point outlets, raised above the ground up to 2 meters, deep (odor outlet far from the source is either weak). Please note that a long time is required to support the statist, that is, its communication with the dog from the bookmark, therefore complicating bookmarks, it is worth making them so that such an opportunity is preserved.

Preparing the bookmark, we must remember that the conductors of dogs, as a rule, prefer to carry out the search process for them visually. With this, it constantly has to fight, using bookmarks, in which the human view does not stop, and the conductor will not be able to give a dog's tip.

You should not use the same ways to restrict access to bookmark (shields, doors, etc.) Because dogs are also getting used to them and begin to determine visually.

Observe security

Places in which we are engaged in PSS, abound in all sorts of danger. These are pits in the floor where you can fall, and the reputing sand, and falling bricks. Old emergency buildings are especially dangerous, where the wall, ceiling, or falling through the floor can be collected at any time. Therefore, choosing a place to occupation, first of all it is worth thinking about security so as not to turn out rescuers in saves. The accumulation zone (where people and dogs await their turn) should always be in a safe place. Bookmarks must be organized in places where there is no risk of collapse, plates and other plates. You should also watch the details of the design of the bookmarks fell on the head by the statist or dog. Since the dogs work without leashes, it is necessary to watch that there are no imperceptible holes in the floor and the like, especially at the first time, until the dogs can move correctly in such places.

The most frequent injury in class - cuts of the paws. You can use booties, however, those that are sold have a very slippery surface, which in itself can lead to injury, it must be considered. In addition, it is necessary to teach the dog to move along the rod, so in places where there are no scattered, glasses are better to let the dog without a boot. In emergency buildings it is better to use helmers to protect the head from random drops of bricks.

Never forget how many statists hid and in what places, as well as how much time the statists remains in the tab. In winter, this time should not exceed 40 minutes, and it is advisable to fit in 20 minutes. In the summer you can more, but it depends on the bookmark. If it is a cold wet basement, then you should not keep a person there for 2 hours. Installing in the snow, remember the location of the statist position. Flags and the like, of course, it is impossible to place on the tab.

"Combat Kit" for classes

For classes, first of all, you need warm, comfortable clothing, especially in winter. Even in the summer, sitting in the bookmark is pretty cool, especially since it is impossible to move. Warm pants, jackets, necessarily comfortable warm and waterproof shoes, caps and mittens in the winter needed.

For classes, you will need:

What devices can still dream about? The imagination of the cynologist is very developed. Moreover, any "devices" for our case is always lacking. To those can be attributed:

lantern searchlight for efficient illumination of the territory.
Frames - well, very necessary thing, especially when classes in the forest.
A bunch of all clothes - warm fleece jackets, membrane equipment and outerwear ...
Snowstanding "Lanterns" - devices to protect against snow in shoes
And so on and so on ...

By the way, it is not too much a thing of mobile phones for statists. True, they must be turned off so that the random call does not spoil the search for the dog, but if necessary, the statist will be able to use the phone.

How is the occupation

The construction of the classes depends, first of all, from the experience of kinologists working with their dogs. If it is beginners, then it is possible to work exclusively in turn, because at the beginning of the training you need permanent control of the coach. Further, when the filmologist is already experienced and knows what he wants to work on this occupation, he can take the statists and go to work.

In any case, in the same search zone there is always only one dog. The average duration of occupation in the group is 3-4 hours. First build bookmarks, then the kennels in turn work with their dogs. Then you can go to another place (to another set of bookmarks) and again work with all dogs in turn. Thus, there are 2-3 starts for the occupation, and the number of conditional affected by each start varies. "Row" is called work on one set of bookmarks, which is done without a break on vacation. Those. Send a dog to search, it finds 1 person, they are encouraged and immediately sent to the other. Depending on the level of preparation for one launch, the dog can find from one to 8-10 people. With novice dogs, it is best to work at the beginning of the classes until they tired.

If the group is large, and part of the conductors have long to wait for its turn, you can use this time to introduce a dog with a territory (if you allow space not to interfere with working dogs) so that the search for an approximate reaction (this is necessary for novice dogs) , Having to move the dog to move around the bitch, to easily overcome the obstacles that met on the way, to go into dark rooms - this is also part of the workout.

For novice dogs, the occupation must not last long, intensely, quickly, in one breath and very excitement, especially the occupation with puppies. The dog in no way should be mastered, including waiting for his turn. Experienced dogs are already calmly tolerant. The search itself should be in such a volume so that the dog is not satisfied with them and wanted yet.

It is worth considering what another dog isThe more she is configured to serious work. Try with such a dog to do the exercises for beginners and see something that she did a few months ago, is now doing quite differently, given all his luggage experience, which increased during this time.

Primary preparation of dogs

Selection of dogs

The dog should be primarily healthy, at least not to have diseases that interfere with the service. This is especially true of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, because Loads in our service are very high. The PSS dog should have a good, resistant to the impacts of the psyche, severe food and (or) game motivation, good connection with the owner, to be active, movable. No aggression! The dog should calmly treat outsiders, and preferably to communicate with them.

Preparation

At this stage, it is important to prepare a dog to future work, decide on the methodology and motivation for work. How preparation will be built, depends on the selected technique, but there are certain "rules" common to all. When choosing future motivation, it is necessary to focus on what the need has a dog. The need for food to work is much easier, not enough to feed the dog. With a toy, if the dog does not "break the roof" at the sight of it, do not stand and try. Remember that we are very difficult to translate a dog from one motivation to another, it is often impossible. The formation takes place very quickly, because this choice must be done even before the search will be directly. The techniques differ in the search technique (the search for a shuttle, managed, free), by finite motivation (based on the game behavior of dogs; search-and-indicative; the need for approval of the leader). There are techniques that are based on development, first of all, searching behavior, and the designation is entered later. Other special attention is paid to warning behavior. In all techniques, the dog teach to work on the smell of a living person (not things). Regardless of the selected technique at the time of the start of classes, the dog should directly:

We start working on searching

Initial classes are the most important. We produce a dog's motivation. Motivation is that the dog knows that only by performing a certain set of actions in a strictly defined order - the launch of the skill of the "Lookout!" Or "Looking for a person!", Human search, the designation of it, while not moving away from the statist, she will get encouragement. At the same time, the dog should be interested in this promotion. If we work at a delicacy, the dog must be hungry (1-3 days of the hunger strike).

The first exercises are always based on human runoff. We start immediately with foreign people. If preliminary preparation is done as it should, there will be no problems with this. At first, the statists play the dog (or shows a delicacy), then runs away in a simple shelter in her eyes and his name is nicknamed. The dog sees where the statists runs away, does not see where it is exactly hiding. It is best to provide, making a bookmark around the corner, you can simply cover your dog's eyes. As soon as the statists hid and called the dog, they are released. She runs behind him, and the owner moves behind her. As soon as the dog gives his nose to the bookmark, the statists gives it the "Voice!" Team, after which it begins to communicate with her, praise it, stimulating it from Lai and periodically encouraging delicacy. It is important to be very friendly. In no case do not give a dog to leave the bookmark. It is most important. If trying to leave - call to yourself, tease a piece. You can switch to a click on the bookmark so that the dog see a person (but only after it closes). The owner is nearby nearby. Depending on the behavior of the dog, if it is far away, "then you should not provoke. But no closer than 3 meters. After 15-20, the owner comes to the bookmark, opens it and gives the statistics to get out. After that, the statists bravely communicate with the dog if he plays. You can continue either by making running off with the same statistically in another shelter or with another statist.

Depending on the technique, the runoff scheme can be built differently. If the dog is involved in the shuttle search, then start-netting classes at the landfill, using the shelter "at the corners" of the shuttle. You can use the boxes that the subsequent stage are drunk in the ground. Then go to work at construction site. If you teach a free search, then the impacts from the owner must be at least. The dog teach freely move on the territory, focusing on the streams of air, where there is a person.

When the dog confidently moves behind the statistics and, finding, having to approach the owner, we begin to make complications. We use several nearby shelters, in one of which is hiding statists. Let the dog see only the direction of movement of the statist to half the path. Or in front of the dog, the dog is hiding in one shelter, then the dog's eyes cover, and the statists are repeated to another, then they let the dog. Increase the launch distance. Make more complex bookmarks with more complex approaches to them. Gradually, running out so that the dog sees that a person runs away, but does not see the runoff path. Then we introduce the "call" of the dog to the statist only from the bookmark, and there it is removed at all. Then we begin to teach the dog that a person does not necessarily run away on the search. To do this, we run the runoff of two people at the same time, each of which infected the dog delicacy. First, the dog finds one, then the second "pre-hidden". So gradually go to work with advanced people. The work of the statistics is important in the tab. The rudeness is not allowed, non-transmitted silence, incorrect encouragement (when the dog, for example, is silent) or its absence. Clean communication with the dog must be carefully and gradually. Laya must be achieved long. Promotion must be necessarily when finding every person! Gradually, the moment of promoting the dog from the start of the choice and delayed to the first piece. When the dog already understands what they require it (this happens quite quickly), we introduce glass banks in which we put the delicacy, close the lid so that at the time of the designation in the bookmark it does not smell a delicate. If landing or laying is selected for the designation, then when I find a person, the host, and better the statist (it is necessary to determine in advance) gives the dog to the dog. Daving a short time to excerpt (10-15 seconds) the owner is suitable, gives a dog's delicacy (and if there is an opportunity, the statist gives a treat), after which the statists open, he communicates with the dog and feeds pieces.

When the dogs are already normally looking for pre-hidden people, they begin to introduce additional complications. These are both more complex bookmarks and an increase in the search duration, a variety of physical exertion immediately before searching, work in dark, contaminated with strangers of rooms, etc.

All complications, order, methods, and so on - the fruit of fantasy instructor :) and his ability to determine the readiness of the dog to the transition to the next level. In general, the full preparation of the PSS dog takes about 2 years.

Even well-working dogs at some point can stop working correctly, start making mistakes, for example, problems with signal behavior may occur. The main thing is not to despair and continue to work, only regular classes will give the result.

Forms of organization of training process, control and verification of dog readiness

- The usual occupation, on which the required skills are successively implemented, the shortcomings are eliminated, complications are introduced in accordance with the plan of classes.

Control classes - Here for all dogs it is planned to perform one task and compare the work of dogs, check the quality of work and outline errors that require eliminating.

Joint classes - They participate several (at least two) groups by searching and rescue service. They are good in that it is possible to use outsiders, not known to dogs of statists. Best of all, when one side first is one group - organizes for another bookmark, and the second works on them, not knowing their number and location. Another time this group will organize the same for the first.

Exercises - The most approximate to the real working conditions of the work of the readiness of dogs, in accordance with the standard. Additional complications may be introduced in the form of a descent on the ropes together with dogs, work in complicated conditions (night time, rain), given the fact that the kennels do not know in advance the number of victims, location of bookmarks and working conditions. You can make a "command" search when the kennels should work together according to the pre-thought-out tactics (for example, dividing the territory to the search squares for each dog, or a serial search). As well as combine checks of dogs with the readiness of film readiness for rescue work (for example, knowledge of the basics of first aid, when he should have the first medical assistance to the "victim").

Tests (certification) - Checking the readiness of the calculation (cynologist - dog) to the actions for purpose. Are carried out in the MES system. The successful passage of certification makes admission to pay for participation in rescue work within 1 year.

Competitions - It is carried out in order to increase professional skills, exchange experience in the preparation and application of dogs, testing readiness for targets and certification, as well as identifying the best calculations. At competitions for calculations, various additional complications are organized, which can arise in real work. So they can be called a real holiday for kinologists. It is worth remembering that the competition is not an end in itself, but a means to achieving skill in real work, and therefore getting big chances to save a person.

We recommend the owners and instructors to draw up diaries on the work of each individual dog at each lesson. For the owner of the dog, this is a better way to understand your dog, and for the instructor - see how much the owner understands what is happening, to add, discuss the work of the dog with him, and may see it on the other side. Also, diaries help not forget that there was a given dog and trace its development for the entire period of classes. Most convenient diaries in in electronic format And then sending the instructor by mail.

What you should pay attention to:

It is impossible to constantly use the same people as an alignment, even at the initial level.
Immediately teach the dog to different quantity Statists on the search. At the beginning of 1-2, then enter the third. At the same time, it is desirable that at first he ran away or called a dog from the bookmark.
On the initial period Classes when the dog is required to fix the signal behavior, you should use only the imputed extracts that can communicate with dogs, because Inappropriate work can spoil all over again.
After each search, the promotion of communication with the statist should be the maximum, the dog should be interested in communication and as a result, the search for a person.
Do not forget to pay attention to the collection of dogs to the ribs, movement on obstacles, darkness, altitude.
Before searching, you should familiarize dogs with a terrain, giving running and sniffing, so that there were no approaches during work in dogs. When dogs are already more experienced, you can smoothly move to work on unfamiliar area.
Regardless of the selected preparation technique, it is important to remember that there are several "components", which only in the amount give an excellent result.
- This is the search itself: The search manner, amarness, speed, focus on the result, i.e. The dog should look for the sake of finding (remember about motivation), and not just because she likes to run.
- Signal behavior: very important. If the dog finds, but does not refer, consider that you did not find anyone. It is terrible to imagine yourself in a situation where you cannot help a person because the dog does not make a clear good designation.
- The dog should not "remove" from bookmarks. Self-pass.
- Endurance and psychological training: The dog (and a filmologist too) should be ready for long-term work and emotional stress. This is a matter of not one day, it is necessary to go gradually, without overloading the dog.
False notation is a separate conversation. They may be happening because of the wrong bookmarks, due to the frequent work on monotonous bookmarks, when the dog begins to navigate the external signs, due to the increased excitability of the dog, due to the residual odors of the person in the bookmark (especially at novice dogs), smell Food, freshly spent things. These additional provocations are entered later when the skill is already formed and quite stable.
It is necessary to teach dogs and the unloved smells emanating from the "homeless" (perhaps, attracting them to work with experienced dogs), since this smell is closest to the real smell of the victim, who was under the rivet for several days.
To play with a dog, it is extremely undesirable to use forest sticks (i.e. special dumbbells can be), as the dogs, especially on finding in the forest, may start picking sticks near the bookmarks, thus self-perturbing, while without refining the skill to the end.
When classes and search, and followed, it is necessary to move from one species to another when the primary skill has already been formed (the dog clearly knows what they want to follow or on the search), otherwise you can confuse the dog.
It is not necessary to engage in one day various types of services (including obedience), especially if new skills are being studied in both types of services (that is, the development of courses is in parallel). Recommended during the training of the search service and the trace study of only obedience, otherwise the dog can be confused, to break and strongly overlook, which will lead to bad work everywhere.

What to pay attention to the trace work.

It is necessary to navigate not so much on the standards as for real needs. Search in the forest to the 3 days of the track. In the city - to the day. Work on various coatings, in the dark, in bad weather conditions, with distracting stimuli and so on. A large number of corners, intersections of other people's traces, and so on, which can meet in work. Special attention Decide the search for the start of the track. As a rule (if this is not a completely deserted area) a specific trace is searched concrete personFor which the dog is given before searching to sniff the thing with the smell of the victim. Things on the trail are designated (can and in another way). It is impossible to make ways for the designation of people and things coincided. In general, the preparation of a dog on the trace work takes about 3 years.

Preparation of a search and rescue service dog case is a difficult and abundant nuances. But if you are interested in this service, and your heart touched the opportunity to actually come to help people with your dog - Welcome to Rosspas-KV. We will help organize a group in your city or region, go to seminars and fees, get the necessary information. Contact managers of groups and regional offices of Rossopas-sq.:

If you can replenish this list by addresses of actually working groups or correct outdated data, please refer to us - or through the form below.

Four-legged friends serve their owners in exchange for their care, affection and manifestation of love. So it was for a long time, when wild animals, who were considered to be relatives of wolves, was releaving for primitive hunters to enjoy oversight from the main production.

Taking help from four-legged pets for successful wildlife hunting, ancestors modern man Successful safety and comfort. Over time, the domesticated animal was increasingly used in the economy. The dogs began to scare the unaccounted guests from home, to warm the owner with their warmth in tall frosts.

The descendants of the tamed animals with each new generation were increasingly converged with the owners, over time they changed their appearance - so formed the traits more modern dogs. Passed thousands of years. Domesticated dogs often performed not only in the role of loyal allies, but also hardy, strong keepers man. So the first rescuers dogs appeared.

Man and dog have complemented each other since a long time. And if the first for his survival used a high figure of intellectual abilities, manifesting overall care in relation to his pet, then the second possessed high-quality hearing, good scent, fast legs, a lightning reaction, sharp teeth and claws of the real beast.

Constantly demonstrating a selfless love for his owner, the dog could save his life many times not only during battles with enemies, but also during fires and floods; In some cases, there were people in snowy avalanches, they saved their lives, pulling out of the rules.

The devotional animal may intuitively feel a threat, with the help of the smell, it feels the smell of a person under the thickness of the snow at a depth of several meters, it fables the gary of fires in the steppe and in the forest, finds a safe place during natural disasters.

Gallery: Rescue dogs (25 photos)

Very hardy breed, very smart, easily trained, obedient is considered labrador retriever. Such dogs are used not only as rescuers, but also as advocates. Doberman Used to search for people in hard conditions and save during extreme situations. Rottweilelers - Excellent sapiers. There are a large number of other breeds with unusual features of real rescuers.

How is the process of learning dogs rescuers?

The training of a rescuer dog requires the owners of the excerpt and patience. And from the animal for successful understanding and learning, it is necessary to complete obedience, ability to work and working out technical skills during the search, detection and salvation of a person. Four-legged friends teach to overcome various obstacles, climbing the stairs, and also produce safe movement skills on various ruins.
Animal conductor also has to learn to provide first help for the victim, use a compass and an additional card. He must learn the rules of behavior and learn how to quickly and soberly assess the situation during the catastrophe. In the process of passing the training course, you also have to take an annual exam.
The fulfillment of the main teams in the rescuer dog should be brought to the automatic mode during the gradual transition from simple to complex type. Soon the defined skill will be able to become a real conditional reflex. Takers I. general behavior First are produced, and after fixed in accordance with strict training standards.

What are the abilities of dogs rescuers?

High-quality scent and high endurance of thoroughbred dogs that got them from nature, as well as as a result of a long crossing and selection process best species- not the only qualities that the rescuer needs. Specially trained pets should be able to properly serve a voice in the desired situation while finding victims. All this is not so easy.

First, it is necessary that the pet is well socialized, even if it is distinguished by benevolence and special accuracy.

Among the required skills, it is worth highlighting two mains - it is to find the victim who got into difficult situation And needs help, and after reporting this to its colleagues - that is, people.

Of course, some particularly strong dogs are obliged to directly deliver a person in trouble in a safe place, pull out from under the dawns, to abandon them from snow, but in most cases they still need the help of specialists. In addition to the thin scent, physical strength and violent desire to work and save people, other requirements are imposed to the dog:

The presence of a steady psyche. A working dog should not respond to distracting factors, but to be fully focused on its purpose and perform certain actions.
Goodwill and friendliness. The four-legged friend rescuer must be glad to find the victim, he must rejoice at him, and not growl, be afraid and show aggression. In addition, most often in the process of emergency, the place of events is filled with a large number of people - doctors, rescuers and the rest of the personnel. At this time, the dog should remain good-natured and exercise enhanced alertness and self-control.
Ability to make decisions yourself. During the incident, when a person is not nearby, the dog is obliged to act, without waiting for the team of employees.
Obedience. Dogs who are ready to run away as soon as they will be sick at least a drop of freedom either notice another dog, are absolutely not suitable for serious and dangerous work. In such work, it is necessary to use only those rocks that have special disciplines and perform the tasks of any price.

Famous rescuers dogs: Balto

In 1925, an incident occurred in the small town of Nom in the territory of Alaska: the diphtheria epidemic suddenly loosened. There was no possibility to make the delivery of vaccine from Anchorage, after all, I drowned in the snow far from civilization. Children began to die from a rapidly propagating infection, and then doctors had to go to extreme measures. They gathered a special blower expedition, which included about 150 dogs and 20 challenges. The final stage Delivery of the vaccine - a distance of 52 miles - instructed the Norwegian Gunnar Kaashen and his harness of Siberian Husks.

The leader of the harness was young, but extremely strong dog Balto. In very harsh and hazardous conditions The whole harness had to make their way to his goal: -51 degree frost, a strong snowstorm.

Kaashen lost reference, he began to dazzling thick snow. Another exit, except to fully entrust the direction of the leader, Gunnar was simply not.

Balto continued to confidently lead a whole harness, and as a result they delivered a valuable vaccine that could save a large number of lives.

After completing his mission, Balton acquired enormous fame, also in his honor in one of the squares in New York, a special monument from bronze was erected.

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