Many parents are faced with adenoid growth, but few understand what this term means. Moms and dads have even more questions when the doctor recommends removing the adenoids. Of course, any operation in childhood- a serious test for the baby’s body and for nervous system parents. But sometimes surgical treatment is the only right choice.
Pediatrician, neonatologist
Final decision- parents decide whether to agree to surgery or continue conservative therapy. They must understand what they are dealing with, what to expect from the operation and when they can wait and when they should immediately rush to the doctor. Moreover, there are clear indications for the operation.
What are adenoids
In the oral cavity and nasopharynx there are accumulations of lymphoid tissue - tonsils. The pharyngeal lymphatic ring consists of 6 tonsils, the main function of which is protective. Being in the path of inhaled air, the tonsils protect the body from the entry of infectious agents.
It happens that frequent colds lead to a decrease in the function of lymphoid tissue, and the tonsil itself grows. The most famous tonsils are the palatine tonsils, and their inflammation is called tonsillitis, or tonsillitis. To detect enlarged tonsils it is not necessary special examination. To make a diagnosis, a pediatrician simply needs to look into the child’s mouth.
The situation with adenoids is more complicated, because adenoids are a growth of the only tonsil, which is located in the nasopharynx. See pathological condition It is impossible to view the pharyngeal tonsil without special mirrors. But the symptoms of adenoids are very specific; parents themselves may suspect the disease.
How to identify adenoids in children?
It is not difficult to guess about the growth of the pharyngeal tonsil; it is enough to be attentive to the child and know the main symptoms of adenoids in children.
An enlarged tonsil interferes with the free flow of air, making it difficult for the baby to breathe through the nose. Congestion can manifest itself against the background of a runny nose, copious serous discharge or without catarrhal manifestations.
- Runny nose.
The disease leads to deterioration of the condition of the nasal mucosa, palatine arches, and nasal turbinates. Rhinitis and sinusitis often occur, which are difficult to cure.
- Sleep disturbance.
Insufficient oxygen supply affects the quality of sleep, the baby sleeps poorly, and is often tormented by nightmares. In the morning, the baby wakes up irritated and capricious, and the child’s general condition is disrupted. Snoring occurs, breathing changes, and attacks of suffocation occur due to the retraction of the root of the tongue.
- Voice change.
Often parents pay attention to a change in the child’s voice; the baby begins to nasal.
- Hearing loss.
The overgrown lymphoid tissue closes the opening of the auditory tube, and the baby’s hearing deteriorates. There is pain in the ear, appearing.
- Adenoiditis.
If an infection develops on the overgrown tissue, adenoiditis occurs. Inflammation of the adenoids leads to increased body temperature, increased lymph nodes, intoxication.
- Changing face.
When the process lasts for a long time, development is disrupted bone tissue face, the lower jaw lengthens, the bite is disturbed. The child gets used to keeping his mouth slightly open, and an “adenoid” type of face appears. With timely treatment, these changes can be reversed. If treatment is not prescribed on time, the child remains with the consequences of adenoids forever.
- Chronic hypoxia.
The baby is constantly in conditions of lack of oxygen, this affects the general condition and well-being of the child. Children often experience anemia and problems with appetite.
- Deterioration general condition child.
A constant lack of oxygen is manifested by increased fatigue, and in younger children the pace of development slows down.
Degrees of adenoids in children
When examining the child, the doctor pays attention to how enlarged the pharyngeal tonsil is and indicates the degree of adenoids in the diagnosis.
- Adenoids of the 1st degree.
The pharyngeal tonsil is moderately enlarged; the child does not feel discomfort during the day. The first manifestations occur at night, when signs of respiratory failure appear.
- Adenoids grade 2.
The tonsil is significantly enlarged, covering 2/3 of the height of the nasal passages. Manifestations of the disease increase, breathing is impaired day and night, snoring appears. The child often keeps his mouth slightly open.
- Adenoids grade 3.
The enlarged formation almost completely blocks the flow of air into the nasopharynx. The baby breathes with an open mouth, air enters only through the oral cavity.
According to Dr. Komarovsky, the degree of growth of the pharyngeal tonsil plays an indirect role in deciding whether to undergo surgery. There are cases when first-degree adenoids lead to severe complications. Sometimes children with third-degree adenoids experience only mild difficulty breathing.
Is surgery necessary?
Significant enlargement of the tonsil leads to severe complications that affect the health and quality of life of the child. But should the child’s adenoids be removed or can conservative therapy be used?
All over the world there are clear indications for the removal of adenoids in children.
Indications for removal of adenoids in children are as follows.
- Difficulty in nasal breathing.
- Sleep disturbance, changes in breathing at night, shortness of breath, snoring.
- Hearing deterioration, repeated episodes of otitis media.
- Sinusitis, frequent exacerbations of the disease.
- Changes in the bones of the facial skull, “adenoid” type of face.
When deciding whether a child’s adenoids need to be removed, pay attention to the child’s breathing. If the baby experiences episodes of shortness of breath, delaying intervention becomes hazardous to health.
Choose correct treatment An otolaryngologist will help, taking into account the child’s age, his clinical condition, and visual examination of the adenoids. When examining the adenoids and deciding whether the child’s adenoids should be removed, the doctor assesses the condition of the pharyngeal tonsil.
If, when examining the tonsil, the doctor pays attention to swelling, the presence of pus and mucus, and signs of inflammation, then the operation should be postponed. You should return to this issue after the signs of inflammation disappear.
When is the best time to remove adenoids from a child?
To achieve good results, you need to carefully choose the time to remove adenoids in your child's nose. This operation is performed as planned, which means you need to choose a time when the child is not sick. You should not agree to intervention if the baby shows signs of rhinitis or exacerbation of chronic diseases.
Since children are ill for a long time, choosing the right moment for surgery can be difficult. Often the period of absolute health of the baby occurs in the summer months.
Doctors say that summer is not the best time for surgery, since hot weather increases the risk of infectious complications and bleeding. The optimal period for removing adenoids is considered to be the end of summer and the beginning of autumn.
At what age are adenoids removed in children?
The effectiveness of the operation is greatly influenced by the age of the child. The operation should not be performed on a child under 2 years of age, since the pharyngeal tonsil contains lymphoid tissue and forms the body’s immune defense.
The nasopharyngeal tonsil reaches its maximum size between the ages of 3 and 7 years. It is at this age that repeated episodes of the disease are possible.
In children over 7 years of age, the activity of lymphoid tissue is significantly reduced, and the risk of the disease returning is reduced.
If the doctor has identified serious indications for surgery, then age is not a contraindication to the intervention. It is dangerous to delay surgery in the hope of preventing tissue regrowth. Inadequate treatment of adenoids can lead to hearing loss, skeletal deformation, chronic sinusitis and otitis media.
Treatment of adenoids in children
One of the reasons for the appearance of adenoids is infections of bacterial and viral origin. Correct rational treatment respiratory infection promotes the reverse development of an enlarged tonsil. If a child is sick for a long time and often, the tonsil simply does not have time to return to its normal size.
The treatment of adenoids must be approached comprehensively. Doctors recommend taking medications in combination with physiotherapy. Often prescribed vasoconstrictor drops, antimicrobial agents. Physiotherapeutic procedures include ultraviolet irradiation, UHF, and electrophoresis.
In case of adenoiditis of allergic etiology good result has application antihistamines. With the help of antiallergic drugs, swelling decreases, the tonsil returns to normal size.
If the adenoids have grown significantly and interfere with normal life, the issue of surgical treatment of the disease is decided. As with any operation, there are certain contraindications to the removal of adenoids (adenotomy).
Contraindications to adenotomy
- Infectious diseases.
Acute adenoiditis, tonsillitis, rhinitis or exacerbation of any chronic disease require delaying surgical intervention.
- Epidemics of infectious diseases.
You should not perform surgery in the midst of infectious diseases, influenza. It is advisable to wait for a better time to carry out the procedure.
- Less than 1 month after vaccination.
To perform an adenotomy, it is better to choose the time when the child’s body is ready to to the fullest resist increased stress on the immune system. The period after vaccination is not the best time for any surgical interventions.
- Oncological diseases.
Any malignant diseases, especially blood diseases, are a serious contraindication to surgical treatment.
- Allergic diseases.
It is necessary to postpone the intervention if the baby has any manifestations of allergies.
Methods for removing adenoids in children
Having chosen surgical treatment, parents must decide on the method of removing lymphoid tissue. Nowadays, in addition to traditional surgery, there are other ways to perform adenoid removal surgery. An otolaryngologist can help with the choice and suggest the best method for the child.
This operation is usually performed under local anesthesia. Using a special ring-shaped scalpel, the doctor grabs the overgrown tissue and cuts it off. The duration of the intervention is short - up to 10 minutes, but the disadvantages of this method are obvious.
Disadvantages of the method:
- excision occurs almost blindly, so high precision and professionalism of the operating doctor is required;
- severe pain syndrome;
- risk of bleeding;
- Since the surgical anesthesia is performed under local anesthesia, the risks of psychological trauma are high.
Advantage of the method:
- low price, the method is accessible to absolutely everyone at any age.
Endoscopic removal of adenoids in children
Removing adenoids in children using an endoscope is a modern method that allows you to effectively get rid of the problem.
The advantages of the method are as follows.
- General anesthesia.
During the intervention, the baby sleeps and does not feel pain, and quickly forgets about the operation. Modern methods pain relief have short action, after a few hours there is no trace of anesthesia left.
- High precision method.
During the operation, the doctor has the opportunity to monitor the intervention and eliminate tissue bleeding. The risk of incomplete removal of adenoids is reduced, the frequency of relapses and repeated growths is reduced.
- Quick discharge from hospital.
If there are no complications, the child is discharged home 3-5 days after the procedure.
Flaws:
- high cost of the operation.
Laser removal of adenoids
For this operation a special laser scalpel. When exposed to a scalpel, tissue is heated and destroyed.
The advantages are as follows.
- Accuracy.
Even small growths can be removed.
- Disinfection.
The laser also has disinfecting properties and destroys pathogenic microbes, which is the prevention of infectious complications.
- Minimal risk of bleeding.
The laser instantly “closes” the vessels at the incision site; no additional means are required to prevent bleeding.
- Painless.
The laser beam instantly destroys nerve cells at the incision site, so there is no significant pain.
- Fast recovery.
Within a day, the child can begin his normal activities, and after 2-4 weeks, complete healing of the tonsil occurs.
Flaws:
- If the growth is significant, laser treatment may not be enough. In such cases, they resort to classical or endoscopic removal;
- cost of the operation.
Cryotherapy of adenoids in children
Cryotherapy, or removal of adenoids liquid nitrogen, is a modern, practically painless way to get rid of small growths. The operation in children is simple. While the child is sitting, a special tube is inserted into the child’s mouth and the adenoids are removed.
The advantages of the method are as follows.
- Painless, bloodless.
Liquid nitrogen freezes nerve cells and clogs blood vessels, so children can easily endure the operation.
- Short duration of the procedure.
The duration of exposure to liquid nitrogen is 2-3 seconds, the manipulation is repeated several times with an interval of 1-2 minutes.
- Quick checkout.
After the manipulation, the doctor examines the child’s mucous membrane and sends him home. Complete healing of the tonsil lasts 2-4 weeks.
Minuses:
- inability to operate on large adenoids;
- cost of the operation.
Recovery period
How quickly a child will return to normal after surgery depends on the type of operation, the size of the adenoids and the resistance of the child’s body. All patients are given recommendations to help speed up the recovery process.
- Compliance with the regime.
If the operation was performed classically or endoscopically, you need to stay in bed on the first day after the procedure. Walking is allowed a few days after the operation, and visiting a kindergarten or school is allowed at least a week later. Limit physical exercise costs for 2 weeks after the intervention.
- Personal hygiene.
Don't forget to brush your teeth twice a day. Oral and throat hygiene should be supplemented by rinsing with a disinfectant solution after eating. Rinsing the nasal passages saline solution allowed 2-3 days after the intervention.
- Avoiding temperature changes.
If the operation took place during the cold season, you should avoid exposing the child to the cold for a long time. Thermal inhalations, visiting swimming pools, saunas, baths are prohibited.
- Diet.
You should avoid foods that can injure the delicate mucous membrane after surgery. It is recommended to take only liquid, soft foods that are warm. Mild soups, porridges, vegetable stew. Some experts recommend eating cold food and ice cream on the 2-3rd day after treatment. This promotes rapid healing of wounds.
Conclusion
Adenoids are a very common disease among frequently ill children. The question of whether it is necessary to remove the adenoids and how best to do this arises for many parents. Is surgical treatment necessary or can it be used? medicines, is decided by an otolaryngologist individually in each case.
(3 ratings, average: 5,00 out of 5)She graduated from Lugansk State Medical University with a degree in Pediatrics in 2010, completed an internship in the specialty “Neonatology” in 2017, and in 2017 she was awarded category 2 in the specialty “Neonatology”. I work in Lugansk Republican perinatal center, formerly - the department for newborns of the Rovenkovsky maternity hospital. I specialize in nursing premature babies.
All materials on the site were prepared by specialists in the field of surgery, anatomy and specialized disciplines.
All recommendations are indicative in nature and are not applicable without consulting a doctor.
Adenotomy is one of the most common surgical interventions in ENT practice, which does not lose its relevance even with the advent of a host of other methods for treating pathology. The operation eliminates the symptoms of adenoiditis, prevents dangerous consequences diseases and significantly improves the quality of life of patients.
Often adenotomy is performed in childhood, the predominant age of patients is children from 3 years old and preschool children. It is at this age that adenoiditis is most common, because the child actively contacts the external environment and other people, encounters new infections and develops immunity to them.
The pharyngeal tonsil is part of the Waldeyer-Pirogov lymphoid ring, which is designed to contain infection below the pharynx. The protective function can turn into a serious pathology when the lymphatic tissue begins to grow disproportionately larger than is required for local immunity.
An enlarged tonsil creates a mechanical obstruction in the pharynx, which manifests itself as breathing problems, and also serves as a source of constant reproduction of all kinds of microbes. Initial degrees adenoiditis is treated conservatively, although symptoms of the disease already exist. The lack of effect of therapy and the progression of pathology leads patients to a surgeon.
Indications for adenoid removal
Enlargement of the pharyngeal tonsil in itself is not a reason for surgery. Specialists will do everything possible to help the patient in conservative ways, because surgery is an injury and a certain risk. However, it happens that it cannot be done without it, then the ENT weighs all the pros and cons, talks with the parents if we are talking about a small patient, and sets a date for the intervention.
Many parents know that the lymphoid pharyngeal ring is the most important barrier to infection, so they are afraid that after the operation the child will lose this protection and will get sick more often. Doctors explain to them that abnormally overgrown lymphoid tissue not only does not fulfill its direct role, but also supports chronic inflammation, prevents the child from growing and developing properly, creates a risk dangerous complications, therefore, in these cases there is no need to think or hesitate, and the only way to save the child from suffering will be surgical intervention.
Indications for adenotomy are:
- Adenoids grade 3;
- Frequent recurrent respiratory infections, difficult to respond to conservative therapy and causing progression of adenoiditis;
- Recurrent otitis media and hearing loss in one or both ears;
- Speech and physical development disorders in a child;
- Difficulty breathing with sleep apnea;
- Changes in bite and formation of a specific “adenoid” face.
degree of adenoiditis
The main reason for intervention is the third degree of adenoiditis, leading to difficulty breathing through the nose, and constantly worsening infections of the upper respiratory tract and ENT organs. In a small child, proper physical development is disrupted, the face becomes character traits, which will be almost impossible to correct later. In addition to physical suffering, the patient experiences psycho-emotional anxiety, lacks sleep due to the inability to breathe normally, and suffers from intellectual development.
The main symptoms of severe adenoiditis are difficulty in nasal breathing and frequent infections of the ENT organs. The child breathes through the mouth, which is why the skin of the lips becomes dry and cracked, and the face becomes puffy and stretched. The constantly slightly open mouth attracts attention, and at night parents hear with concern how hard it is for the baby to breathe. Episodes of nocturnal breathing stops are possible, when the tonsil completely blocks the airways with its volume.
It is important that adenoid removal surgery be performed before irreversible changes and serious complications occur from a seemingly minor problem limited to the pharynx. Untimely treatment, and especially its absence, can cause disability, so it is unacceptable to ignore the pathology.
The best age for adenotomy in children is 3-7 years. Unreasonably postponing surgery leads to serious consequences:
- Persistent hearing loss;
- Chronic otitis media;
- Changes in the facial skeleton;
- Dental problems - malocclusion, caries, impaired eruption of permanent teeth;
- Bronchial asthma;
- Glomerulopathies.
Adenotomy, although much less common, is also performed on adult patients. The reason may be:
- Nocturnal snoring and sleep disordered breathing;
- Frequent respiratory infections with diagnosed adenoiditis;
- Recurrent sinusitis, otitis.
Contraindications to adenoid removal are also defined. Among them:
- Age up to two years;
- Acute infectious pathology (influenza, chicken pox, intestinal infections etc.) until it is completely cured;
- Congenital malformations of the facial skeleton and anomalies in the structure of blood vessels;
- Vaccination carried out less than a month ago;
- Malignant tumors;
- Severe bleeding disorders.
Preparing for surgery
When the need for surgery is decided, the patient or his parents begin searching for a suitable hospital. There are usually no difficulties in choosing, because surgical removal of tonsils is carried out in all ENT departments public hospitals. The intervention is not very difficult, but the surgeon must be sufficiently qualified and experienced, especially when working with young children.
Preparation for surgery to remove adenoids includes standard lab tests- general and biochemical for blood, coagulation testing, determination of group and Rh affiliation, urine test, blood for HIV, syphilis and hepatitis. Adult patients are prescribed an ECG; children are examined by a pediatrician, who, together with an otolaryngologist, decides on the safety of the operation.
Adenotomy can be performed on an outpatient basis or in inpatient conditions, but most often hospitalization is not required. On the eve of the operation, the patient is allowed to have dinner at least 12 hours before the intervention, after which food and drink are completely excluded, because general anesthesia can be used, and the child may vomit during pain relief. In female patients, surgery is not prescribed during menstruation due to the risk of bleeding.
Features of anesthesia
The method of pain relief is one of the most important and responsible stages of treatment; it is determined by the age of the patient. If we are talking about a child under seven years old, then general anesthesia is indicated; for older children and adults, adenotomy is performed under local anesthesia, although in each case the doctor approaches it individually.
Operation under general anesthesia for a small child it has an important advantage: the absence of operational stress, as is the case when the baby sees everything that happens in the operating room without even feeling pain. The anesthesiologist selects drugs for anesthesia individually, but most modern means safe, low-toxic, and anesthesia is similar to normal sleep. Currently, Esmeron, Dormicum, Diprivan, etc. are used in pediatrics.
General anesthesia is preferable in children 3-4 years old, in whom the effect of being present at the operation can cause severe fear and anxiety. With older patients, even those under seven years of age, it is easier to negotiate, explain and reassure, so local anesthesia can also be performed on preschool children.
If planned local anesthesia,
then pre-entered sedative, and the nasopharynx is irrigated with a lidocaine solution so that further injection of the anesthetic is not painful. To achieve a good level of pain relief, lidocaine or novocaine is used, which is injected directly into the tonsil area. The advantage of such anesthesia is the absence of a “recovery” period from anesthesia and toxic effect medicines.
In the case of local anesthesia, the patient is conscious, sees and hears everything, so fear and anxiety are not uncommon even in adults. To minimize stress, before the adenotomy, the doctor tells the patient in detail about the upcoming operation and tries to calm him down as much as possible, especially if the latter is a child. Psychological support and attention from parents are also of no small importance, which will help to endure the operation as calmly as possible.
To date, in addition to classical adenotomy, other methods have been developed for removing the pharyngeal tonsil using physical factors- laser, coblation, radio wave coagulation. The use of endoscopic technology makes treatment more effective and safe.
Classic adenoid removal surgery
classic adenotomy
Classic adenotomy is performed using a special instrument - Beckmann's adenotomy. The patient, as a rule, sits, and the adenotom is inserted into the oral cavity to the tonsil behind the soft palate, which is raised by the laryngeal mirror. The adenoids must completely enter the adenotomy ring, after which they are excised with one quick movement of the surgeon’s hand and removed through the mouth. The bleeding stops on its own or the vessels coagulate. At heavy bleeding the surgical area is treated with hemostatic agents.
The operation is often performed under local anesthesia and takes a few minutes. Children who are sedated and prepared for the procedure by their parents and doctor tolerate it well, which is why many specialists prefer local anesthesia.
After removal of the tonsil, the child is sent to the ward with one of the parents, and if the postoperative period is favorable, he can be sent home on the same day.
The advantage of the method it is considered possible to use it on an outpatient basis and under local anesthesia. A significant disadvantage is that the surgeon acts blindly, if it is not possible to use an endoscope, because of this there is a high probability of leaving lymphoid tissue with subsequent relapse.Others shortcomings are considered possible soreness during manipulation, as well as a higher risk of dangerous complications - penetration of removed tissue into the respiratory tract, infectious complications(pneumonia, meningitis), injuries of the lower jaw, pathology of the hearing organs. The psychological trauma that can be inflicted on a child cannot be ignored. It has been established that children may experience an increased level of anxiety and develop neurosis, so most doctors still agree on the advisability of general anesthesia.
Endoscopic adenotomy
Endoscopic removal of adenoids is one of the most modern and promising methods of treating pathology. The use of endoscopic technology allows a thorough examination of the pharyngeal area and safe and radical removal of the pharyngeal tonsil.
The operation is performed under general anesthesia. The endoscope is inserted through one of the nasal passages, the surgeon examines the wall of the pharynx, after which he excises the adenoid tissue with an adenotome, forceps, microdebrider, or laser. Some specialists complement endoscopic control with visual control by introducing a laryngeal speculum through the oral cavity.
Endoscopy makes it possible to most completely remove the overgrown lymphoid tissue, and in case of relapse it is simply irreplaceable. Endoscopic removal of adenoids is especially indicated when the growth occurs not in the lumen of the pharynx, but along its surface. The operation is longer than a classic adenotomy, but also more accurate, because the surgeon acts with precision. The excised tissue is often removed through the nasal passage, free from the endoscope, but it is also possible through the oral cavity.
endoscopic adenotomy
An option for endoscopic adenoid removal is shaver technique, when the tissue is excised with a special device - a shaver (microdebrider). This device is a micro-mill with a rotating head placed in a hollow tube. The cutter blade cuts off the hypertrophied tissue, crushes it, and then the tonsil is sucked out by an aspirator into a special container, which eliminates the risk of it getting into the respiratory tract.
The advantage of shaver technology- low trauma, that is, healthy tissue of the pharynx is not damaged, the risk of bleeding is minimal, no scars remain, while endoscopic control makes it possible to completely excise the tonsil, preventing relapse. The method is considered one of the most modern and effective.
A limitation to removing the tonsil with a microdebrider may be that the nasal passages in a small child are too narrow, through which it is impossible to insert instruments. In addition, not every hospital can afford the necessary expensive equipment, so private clinics often offer this method.
Video: endoscopic adenotomy
The use of physical energy in the treatment of adenoiditis
The most common methods of excision of the pharyngeal tonsil using physical energy are the use of laser, radio waves, and electrocoagulation.
laser treatment
Laser removal of adenoids consists of exposure of tissue to radiation, which causes a local increase in temperature, evaporation of water from cells (vaporization) and destruction of hypertrophic growths. The method is not accompanied by bleeding, this is its advantage, but there are also significant disadvantages:
- Inability to control the depth of exposure, which creates a risk of damage to healthy tissue;
- The operation is long;
- The need for appropriate equipment and highly qualified personnel.
Radio wave treatment carried out using the Surgitron apparatus. The pharyngeal tonsil is removed with a nozzle that generates radio waves, while the vessels are coagulated. The undoubted advantage of the method is the low probability of bleeding and low blood loss during surgery.
Plasma coagulators and coblation systems also used by some clinics. These methods can significantly reduce the pain that occurs in postoperative period, and are also practically bloodless, therefore they are indicated for patients with blood clotting disorders.
Coblation is the effect of “cold” plasma when tissues are destroyed or coagulated without burns. Advantages - high accuracy and efficiency, safety, short recovery period. Among the disadvantages are the high cost of equipment and training of surgeons, recurrence of adenoiditis, and the likelihood of scarring in the tissues of the pharynx.
As you can see, there are many ways to get rid of the pharyngeal tonsil, and choosing a specific one is not an easy task. Each patient requires an individual approach, taking into account age, anatomical features structures of the pharynx and nose, psycho-emotional background, concomitant pathology.
Postoperative period
As a rule, the postoperative period is easy; complications can be considered rare if the surgical technique is chosen correctly. On the first day, a rise in temperature is possible, which is reduced by conventional antipyretic drugs - paracetamol, ibufen.
Some children complain of sore throat and difficulty breathing through the nose, which are caused by swelling of the mucous membranes and trauma during the operation. These symptoms do not require specific treatment (except nasal drops) and disappear within the first few days.
The patient does not eat for the first 2 hours, and for the next 7-10 days he adheres to a diet, since nutrition plays a significant role in the restoration of nasopharyngeal tissue. For several days after the operation, soft, pureed food, purees, and porridges are recommended. The child can be given special baby food for babies, which will not cause injury to the pharyngeal mucosa. By the end of the first week, the menu expands; you can add pasta, omelet, meat and fish soufflé. It is important that the food is not hard, too hot or cold, or composed of large pieces.
In the postoperative period, carbonated drinks, concentrated juice or compote, crackers, hard cookies, spices, salty and spicy dishes that contribute to increased local circulation with a risk of bleeding and can injure the mucous membrane of the pharynx.
- bathhouse, sauna, hot bath are excluded for the entire recovery period (up to a month);
- playing sports - no earlier than a month later, while normal activity remains at the usual level;
- It is advisable to protect the person undergoing surgery from contact with potential carriers of a respiratory infection; the child is not taken to kindergarten or school for about 2 weeks.
Drug therapy in the postoperative period is not needed, only nasal drops are indicated, which constrict blood vessels and have a local disinfecting effect (protargol, xylin), but always under the supervision of a doctor.
Many parents are faced with the fact that after treatment, the child continues to breathe through the mouth, out of habit, because nothing interferes with nasal breathing. This problem is dealt with through special breathing exercises.
Complications include bleeding, purulent processes in the pharynx, acute inflammation in the ear, and relapse of adenoiditis. Sufficient pain relief, endoscopic control, and antibiotic protection make it possible to minimize the risk of complications with any of the surgical options.
Removal of adenoids is one of the methods of treating pathological proliferation of the nasopharyngeal tonsil. It is prescribed if a child is diagnosed with complications caused by adenoids (impaired nasal breathing, hearing loss, chronic inflammation of the nasopharynx), and drug therapy does not bring a positive result.
Removal of adenoids, which is carried out in a child regardless of his age group, is a radical method of treating nasopharyngeal disease, called adenotomy.
Therapeutic manipulations of this type are a full-fledged surgical operation, which is aimed at excision of excessively enlarged lymphoid tissue. It is what the nasopharyngeal tonsil consists of, which has undergone hyperplasia and disrupted the normal air circulation in the upper respiratory tract.
The table below shows the types of surgical intervention, as well as the specifics of its implementation:
Removal of adenoids from a child occurs at stages 3 and 4 of adenoiditis
| Type of adenotomy | Characteristics of surgical treatment |
| Full | Provides for complete resection of the pharyngeal tonsil, which has undergone pathological influence and has greatly increased in size. The decision to completely excise the adenoids is made by an otolaryngologist based on the results of the examination. Lymphoid tissue is completely excised if it is severely altered by a chronic inflammatory process and is a source of chronic infection and no longer performs its physiological functions. |
| Partial | Surgical removal of only part of the tonsil is performed. The use of this type of adenotomy is advisable if there are no signs of inflammation of the lymphoid tissue, and its hyperplasia is not significant. Partial removal of the nasopharyngeal tonsil allows minimizing soft tissue trauma, maintaining the functionality of the lymphoid tissue and ensuring rapid postoperative recovery. |
| Classic adenotomy | During the removal of nasopharyngeal tonsils, a special surgical instrument is used - an adenotom knife. The main disadvantages of this type of adenoid removal are the narrow field of view, as well as heavy bleeding, which occurs immediately after cutting off the lymphoid tissue. Due to this, the wound healing time increases, which can last from 7 to 10 days. |
| Laser | Modern method of adenoid removal. Allows you to get rid of diseased nasopharyngeal tonsils using a laser, which quickly excises hyperplastic tissue, but there is no large blood loss. Laser removal of adenoids is characterized by high precision and minimal trauma to the surrounding tissues, as well as the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx. The rehabilitation period is 2-3 days. |
| Endoscopic | One of the most common and effective methods of performing adenotomy. In the process surgical procedures an adenotom knife and an endoscope are used. The doctor performing the treatment sees the object of surgical intervention and removes exclusively the lymphoid tissue that disrupts air circulation in the nasopharyngeal cavity. |
| Coblation | This type of adenotomy involves the use of a cold plasma apparatus. Medical equipment of this type allows for painless excision of the nasopharyngeal tonsils, avoiding bleeding, cauterizing the operated area and ensuring the fastest possible recovery of the body. |
The cost of adenoid removal depends on the type of surgery performed. Conventional surgery without expensive medical equipment, as well as with the use of an endoscope, is carried out free of charge in public health institutions.
Innovative techniques for excision of nasopharyngeal tonsils using cold plasma and laser instruments are carried out in private clinics, and the average cost of medical services of this type is 3000-4000 rubles.
Advantages and disadvantages of removing adenoids in a child
Removal of adenoids in a child is a surgical intervention on the tonsils of the nasopharynx, which involves damage to the soft tissues and mucous membrane located in the circumference. 
The advantages of surgical removal of adenoids are as follows: results that can be achieved after surgical procedures:
- nasal breathing is restored, which was previously completely or partially absent;
- deep and good sleep, since before that he could not sleep normally due to a constantly stuffy nose;
- malocclusion and development of the lower jaw are prevented, because with adenoids breathing is only possible through the mouth, which remains constantly open (incorrect formation of the zygomatico-orbital joints occurs);
- the child is less likely to suffer from colds and infectious diseases of the nasopharynx;
- the risk of developing concomitant diseases of the upper respiratory tract in the form of sinusitis, sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, which are often diagnosed in children with unremoved adenoids, is reduced;
- snoring, which occurs in every 2nd child with hyperplasia of the nasopharyngeal tonsils, disappears;
- timely removal of adenoids prevents otitis media and hearing loss;
- normal speech and diction develops, the child stops speaking through his nose.
The advantages of adenoid surgery far outweigh the potential disadvantages.
The disadvantages of surgical intervention are the following risks:
- adenoids consist entirely of lymphoid tissue, participate in the synthesis of special cells - lymphocytes, which are necessary to provide local immunity (their removal will make the nasopharynx more vulnerable to dangerous bacterial and viral microorganisms);
- about 25% of operations to remove nasopharyngeal tonsils end in a relapse of the disease, which returns again after a long cold, acute respiratory viral infection, or flu;
- a focus of chronic infection may develop in the nasopharynx, which will lead to frequent and causeless appearance of a runny nose and purulent discharge;
- the child will receive psychological stress caused by the sight of blood, surgical instruments (the consciousness of children 3-5 years old is not yet ready for the fact that manipulations will be performed in the depths of their oral cavity, which will lead to the release of blood, pain and restrictions on eating);
- There is always a risk of a bacterial infection, which can lead to complications, cause the formation of abscesses, and cause long-term inflammatory process;
- damage to receptors, nerve endings and loss of smell (the child simply ceases to distinguish odors).
All the pros and cons surgical removal adenoids are explained to the child’s parents before setting a date for surgery. Excision of the nasopharyngeal tonsils using a laser or cold plasma instruments minimizes all of the above disadvantages and risks.
Indications for removal of adenoids in a child
Removing adenoids from a child is a radical treatment method, the need for which is determined exclusively by an otolaryngologist. 
Surgical excision of enlarged nasopharyngeal tonsils is indicated if the child has the following signs of pathology:
- there is no breathing through the nose, the child tries to inhale, but the lymphoid tissue blocks the lumen of the respiratory canal;
- the child is always with his mouth open;
- the baby is bothered at night heavy snoring, which can be heard throughout the room;
- the child often suffers from colds and infectious diseases, suffers from chronic rhinitis;
- concomitant complications of the adenoid developed in the form of sinusitis, sinusitis, frontal sinusitis;
- drug treatment does not bring a positive therapeutic result;
- the child’s hearing began to decline, his speech and diction were impaired, he began to hum;
- there is a risk of developing dental problems associated with a constantly open mouth, drying out of the mucous membrane of the gums, palate, inner surface of the cheeks and tongue, and the formation of malocclusion.
Parents who believe that their child does not need surgery to remove enlarged adenoids have the right to refuse surgery. They are provided with a document form in which they indicate that the need has been explained to them surgical treatment child, as well as the consequences of the lack of appropriate therapy.
Contraindications to removal of adenoids in a child
Removing adenoids from a child is not a complicated surgical operation that is well tolerated and also has a minimal number of complications. Despite this, there are a number of restrictions to its implementation.
It is contraindicated to remove adenoids in the following cases:
In the process of examining the child and preparing him for surgery, the attending physician may discover other reasons that exclude surgical intervention completely, or require temporary therapy.
What examinations need to be completed before removing adenoids from a child?
Before setting a date for removal of nasopharyngeal tonsils, the child must undergo the following tests and pass the instrumental examination body:
In addition to the above types of examination, the child takes general analysis blood and urine. Before prescribing a diagnosis, the attending physician palpates the nasopharynx and performs anterior rhinoscopy by examining the surface of the adenoids through the nasal openings.
Preparing to remove adenoids from a child
Before surgery it is necessary to follow a number of rules that will ensure the normal progress of the adenoid removal process and minimize the risk of complications.
The following preparatory steps are performed:
Removing adenoids from a child is not a complex surgical operation, but it requires proper psychological mood and moral endurance. Especially if the surgery is performed using the traditional surgical method without the use of an endoscope.
This method of surgical treatment of adenoids is still used in district hospitals with a poor material and technical base, where there are no endoscopic devices. Parents need to encourage their child that the operation will go quickly, and that it is extremely necessary for his health.
The procedure for removing adenoids in a child
Excision of the nasopharyngeal tonsils can be performed in several ways. The procedure for removing adenoids depends on what type of surgical intervention was chosen by the attending physician and the baby’s parents.
Surgical method
This method of removing overgrown lymphoid tissue involves the following procedure:
The child is transferred to the ward surgical department, where he receives further drug treatment aimed at preventing bacterial infection and speedy healing of the nasopharynx.
Laser removal
Modern and virtually painless method surgical therapy, which is carried out as follows:
Immediately after completing surgical procedures using this method, the baby can go home. If the treatment procedure was completed without complications and there is no bleeding, then hospitalization is not necessary.
Endoscopic
This method of adenoid removal is used more often than all other surgical methods.
In order to rid the baby of adenoids, the surgeon performs the following steps:
- The child receives local or general anesthesia.
- The oral cavity is fixed in an open position so that the doctor has unhindered access to the lymphoid tissue.
- An endoscopic probe is inserted into the nasal opening, which transmits a video image in real time and allows the doctor to see the adenoids on a computer monitor.
- Removal of the nasopharyngeal tonsils is carried out through the mouth using surgical instruments.
Immediately after completion of the treatment procedures, the child is transferred to the ward general therapy. A good field of view and modern equipment allow for rapid excision of lymphoid tissue with minimal trauma to the nasopharyngeal mucosa.
Adenotomy using the coblation method is carried out exactly according to the same principle as laser removal of the nasopharyngeal tonsils, but only using a cold plasma device.
Recovery after adenoid removal in a child
If the surgical operation was performed without violation of the treatment protocol, no complications arose and the surrounding tissues and nerve endings were not affected, then a special course of restorative rehabilitation is not required. The child should not eat anything for the first 2 hours after adenoid removal. 
After the specified time, you can eat broth, puree and other liquid foods. Stale foods, coarse, fibrous, salty, pickled, sour, spicy foods are completely excluded from the diet.
In the next 5 days after surgery, it is recommended to rinse the mouth and larynx with a weakly concentrated antiseptic solution. To prepare it you need to take 1 tsp. table salt without a slide and dissolve it in 0.5 liters of warm water.
The child should rinse the mouth and throat with the prepared solution daily. The duration of the treatment procedure is 3-5 minutes. 2 times a day after brushing your teeth. Children under 5 years of age who do not yet have sufficient oral care skills are treated with an antiseptic throat treatment with Lugol's solution. The procedure is performed once a day for 5 days.
How long will the results last after removing adenoids from a child?
Adenoid hyperplasia is not a recurrent disease. At complete removal lymphoid tissue provides a long-term therapeutic result, eliminating the re-formation of growths. Partial excision of the adenoids while preserving part of the tonsils increases the risk of tissue regrowth and blockage of the respiratory canal.
In this case, the child may again face the problem of breathing through the nose. The likelihood of recurrence of the disease is unlikely, and re-formation of adenoids is rare.
The only exceptions are cases of violation of the treatment protocol, errors made during surgery, or preservation of most of the hyperplastic tissue of the nasopharyngeal tonsils. To avoid relapse of the disease, it is recommended to apply at least once a month during the year. visit a pediatric otolaryngologist.
Possible complications after removal of adenoids in a child
Complications that arise after adenoid removal in all children age groups- associated with the characteristics of the postoperative period.
In the first 2-3 days after surgery, the following complications may occur:
If, after removal of the adenoids, the child experiences the above-mentioned complications, it is necessary to immediately contact the attending otolaryngologist or the surgeon performing the operation.
Adenotomy is not a dangerous operation that must be performed on time. Severely enlarged tissue of the nasopharyngeal tonsils is more difficult to remove. Operating on a child early stages adenoid formation, guarantees the restoration of nasal breathing, rapid healing of the nasopharynx and the absence of negative consequences.
Article format: Mila Friedan
Video about adenotomy
Feedback from a child after adenotomy:
Adenoids are called enlarged nasopharyngeal tonsils, which lead to difficulty in nasal breathing, hearing loss, and physical and mental retardation. mental development. Normally, the tonsils serve as a protective organ, protecting the body from infections, but frequent infectious diseases lead to repeated inflammation of the lymphoid tissue, as a result of which it grows in the form of adenoids.
Most often, children aged 3 to 7 years get sick as a result of frequent ARVI and other infectious diseases (measles, scarlet fever).
Adenoids may also be accompanied by such symptoms as a dry cough, fever, night snoring, and mucous yellow-green discharge from the nose.
Surgical intervention is necessary only when all conservative methods have failed positive result. Most effective method Treatment of adenoids - their removal.
Inflammation of the adenoids can occur in three forms of the disease: acute, chronic and subacute
What is the operation
The most common method of removing adenoids is adenotomy. It is one of the shortest operations, lasting about 5 minutes under local or general anesthesia.
Unfortunately, the operation cannot be 100% safe, as complications may arise:
- consequences of anesthesia;
- damage to the palate, bleeding.
It is not advisable to perform the operation during high seasons viral infections when the immune system is weakened. Best time for the operation - summer period.
The operation can be performed on patients of any age. Recovery is quick, the patient leaves the medical facility on the same day. After removal of the adenoids, it is recommended to maintain a diet that excludes spicy, hot, cold and solid foods for several days.
Indications for adenoid removal
The main indications for surgery are not the size of the adenoids, but the symptoms that result from inflamed nasopharyngeal tonsils.
Adenoid growths lead to disruption of many functions in the body. A chronic focus of infection is formed, and immunity is reduced.
Indications for adenoid removal in children:
- Hearing loss. The nasopharyngeal tonsils block the passage of the Eustachian tube, thus preventing the passage of air into the middle ear. The eardrum loses its mobility, and hearing deteriorates.
- Chronic adenoiditis. Inflamed adenoids are a favorable environment for various viruses and bacteria.
- Frequent otitis. Due to the growth of adenoids, middle ear dysfunction occurs, and favorable conditions for viruses and bacteria appear.
- Speech impairment.
- Deterioration in mental and physical activity.
- Incorrect bite, formation of an “adenoid face.”
- Adenoid cough.
- Respiratory tract diseases (bronchitis, pharyngitis, tracheitis, pneumonia). With inflamed nasopharyngeal tonsils, mucus and pus are constantly formed, which flow into the lower parts of the respiratory system. Thus, they cause inflammation, which leads to respiratory infections.
- Frequent ARVI.
- Lack of results from conservative treatment methods.
Adenoid removal methods
Instrumental method of removal - Adenotomy
Adenotomy is carried out using a special ring-shaped knife, which is called an adenotomy. It is introduced into the nasopharynx area and when the adenoid tissue enters the ring, it is cut off with one movement of the hand. After this, the adenoid is cut off. The operation lasts about 5 minutes. The bleeding stops within a few minutes.
It is performed under local anesthesia on an outpatient basis. A hospital stay is not required. Among the disadvantages of such an operation, it can be noted that the doctor operates blindly, without seeing the nasopharyngeal cavity. Very often small areas of lymphoid tissue remain, which lead to re-growth of the adenoids in the future.
Radio wave removal of adenoids
The operation is carried out using the Surgitron device, which has a special attachment for removing adenoids - a radio wave adenoid. Using this attachment, the entire adenoid is cut off at once, as with adenotomy, and the radio wave cauterizes the vessels, thus reducing bleeding. Among the advantages of the operation:
- reduction of blood loss during surgery;
- reducing the risk of postoperative bleeding.
Laser treatment is the best achievement in surgery. The operation occurs under the influence of laser irradiation. There is an increase in temperature in the tissues and, thus, evaporation of fluid from it. Among the disadvantages of the method:
- longer operation;
- heating of neighboring healthy tissue occurs.
Children under 7 years old are operated on under general anesthesia, over 7 years old - under local anesthesia.
Removal with a shaver (microdebrider)
A microdebrider is a tool with a rotating head and a blade at the end. The instrument crushes the adenoid, which is then placed into a suction reservoir. The microdebrider allows you to completely remove the adenoids without damaging the mucous membrane, that is, without bleeding. The operation is performed under anesthesia with endoscopic control. This method is one of the most effective, in which the risk of re-growth is practically absent.
Children under 7 years old are operated on under general anesthesia, and over 7 years old - under local anesthesia.
Preparing for surgery
Removing adenoids is not an emergency operation. You need to prepare for it, carry out full examination child:
- general and biochemical analysis blood;
- Analysis of urine;
- blood test for infections such as hepatitis, HIV;
- coagulogram;
- examination by a pediatrician.
The day before surgery you should not eat or even drink water. The day before, you should refrain from eating dinner after 6 pm.
Anesthesia for adenoid removal
Local anesthesia
Possible for children over 7 years old:
- taking a sedative;
- applying an anesthetic solution to the nasopharynx (10% lidocaine solution);
- injection of a less concentrated anesthetic solution into the adenoid tissue (2% lidocaine).
During the operation, the child is conscious.
In children aged 2 to 7 years, surgery to remove adenoids is performed under general anesthesia, which does not cause psychological trauma to the child and completely eliminates pain. To quickly return to consciousness, it is better to use propofol or some other modern inhalational anesthetic for general anesthesia.
Complications after surgery
The most common complication is bleeding. Most often it occurs within three hours after surgery, so this is the amount of time the child should be under the supervision of a doctor.
Rarely occurs acute otitis media, since blood may enter the auditory tube. Sometimes in the first 2 days after surgery the temperature rises to 38 degrees.
Sniffling nose has long been synonymous with childhood. Children get sick a lot, especially colds. Frequent inflammatory diseases in the nasopharynx lead to the appearance of adenoids.
As the disease progresses, the only way to treat it is surgical removal overgrown tissue. This often frightens both the child and his mother and father. Many parents are interested in how adenoids are removed in children.
Adenoids are pathologically enlarged nasopharyngeal tonsils, which cause breathing difficulties, hearing impairment and other disorders.
The tonsil is located in the arch of the nasopharynx and is not visible to the naked eye. Only an otolaryngologist can examine it using a special mirror.
The nasopharyngeal tonsil is part of the so-called lymphadenoid pharyngeal ring, which surrounds the entrance to the respiratory and digestive tract. It performs a protective function and belongs to the immune system.
With adenoid growths, nasal breathing is blocked. The child breathes through his mouth more and more often.Because of this they do not perform their function defense mechanisms body, the air is not sufficiently filtered and viruses and microbes penetrate the respiratory tract.
Therefore, inflammatory diseases are increasingly occurring: sore throats, bronchitis, sinusitis and others. The risk of developing pneumonia increases. Due to inflammatory processes in the nasopharynx, children often develop otitis (inflammation of the middle ear).
Adenoids can develop in children between 1 and 14 years of age, but children between 3 and 7 years of age are most often affected.
As a result of adenoid growths, the following problems appear:
- The voice becomes nasal, the child speaks as if through his nose;
- A chronic runny nose appears with difficult, often purulent, discharge;
- Due to the constant inflammatory process and weakening immune system the child often gets sick, has difficulty recovering, complications arise from acute respiratory infections;
- Begins to snore in his sleep;
- Hearing may be impaired;
- Frequent headaches, pale skin, and absent-mindedness occur.
There are three stages of adenoid growths:
- initial stage. The nasopharyngeal tonsil is slightly enlarged and slightly covers the nasal passage;
- Second stage. The adenoids cover more than half of the nasal passage;
- Third stage. Overgrown adenoid tissue almost completely blocks the nasal passage.
In the early stages, to stop tissue proliferation, it may be prescribed conservative treatment. These are usually special drops, washing the nose and nasopharynx with medicinal solutions, homeopathic medicines And so on.
If it does not help and the growth of adenoid tissue continues, then it is removed surgically.
Reasons and indications for surgery. Possible consequences
When adenoids are present, surgery to remove them is not always prescribed. The reasons for surgery are:
Adenoids of the third degree, when they block the lumen of the nasopharynx by more than 2/3;
When adenoid growths close the excretory fistula of the Eustachian tubes and, as a result, accumulate mucus in the middle ear. This leads to hearing loss and the occurrence of frequent otitis media, including purulent ones.
Possible complications
Parents are often afraid to have surgery because possible complications. Nevertheless, adenotomy (surgery to remove the adenoids) is not considered a difficult or dangerous procedure. Modern techniques make it as effective and painless as possible.
However, sometimes the following consequences arise:
- An increase in temperature above 38 degrees for more than 48 hours may indicate the occurrence of infectious inflammation;
- Continuous bleeding from the nasopharynx. Occurs when adenoid tissue is not completely removed. Additional cleaning or laser cauterization is required;
- Damage to adjacent mucous tissue, leading further to the development of atrophic epipharyngitis;
- Relapses of the disease.
To avoid possible complications, it is necessary to carefully select a specialist who will perform the operation and the method of removing adenoids in children.
Should I operate or not?
Parents often doubt and do not want to undergo surgery for their child. Of course, surgery is stressful for the child. But it’s worth considering that there is no other alternative to getting rid of adenoids.
If the adenoid tissue has already grown, then it cannot shrink in any way and has to be removed promptly. Grade 3 adenoids cannot be cured with medications.
Sometimes parents confuse adenoid growths and adenoiditis. Adenoiditis occurs as a result of inflammation of the adenoid tissue. It can be treated and the inflammation will go away. However, overgrown adenoids cannot be treated this way.
The operation is not prescribed unless absolutely necessary. If the adenoids do not cause serious problems, then they try to stop their growth conservatively. If treatment is not effective and the pathology continues to grow, surgery cannot be avoided.
Therefore, if surgical intervention is necessary, you should not postpone it in order to avoid irreversible consequences for the child’s health.
Is removal painful? What painkiller is used?
Some parents who had their adenoids removed as children remember it as an unpleasant and painful procedure. They refuse to expose their child to it. But it is worth noting that in those days this operation was performed without anesthesia. That's why the memories remain sad.
Expert opinion
Smirnova Luiza Dmitrievna – medical worker
Pediatrician assistant at a private clinic
Before surgery, ask your doctor how pain relief will occur. In all modern hospitals, local or general anesthesia is used for adenotomy. General anesthesia is most preferred for children. The child falls asleep after the injection, and when he wakes up, the operation is over.
This form of anesthesia has a number of contraindications. Therefore, local anesthesia is sometimes used. It provides sufficient pain relief, but the child may be frightened by the sight of instruments or blood. So, with local anesthesia, an additional injection of a sedative is given.
If an operation is necessary, but anesthesia is not possible, then the operation is performed without anesthesia. Adenoids do not have nerve endings, so their removal, although an unpleasant procedure, is not too painful.
Types of operations
Most often, the operation to remove adenoids (adenotomy) means surgical excision of tissue with a special instrument.
However, there are other methods for removing adenoids in children.
IN modern medicine The following main methods are distinguished:
- Endoscopic removal;
- Laser excision of adenoids;
- Excision of adenoid tissue using a radio wave apparatus.
During the operation, complete or partial removal of the adenoids is performed.
Endoscopic removal is a surgical operation under endoscopic control.
During a surgical operation, the doctor can use various instruments: a conventional adenotomy, electrocoagulation, a microdebrider (shaver), a plasma knife and others.
However, regardless of the technique used, the essence of the operation is the excision and removal of adenoid tissue from the nasopharynx. An endoscope is used for visualization.
Laser removal of adenoids is used for small tissue growths. This procedure is less traumatic, however, most often several sessions are necessary.
In case of large growths of adenoids, it is advisable to perform surgical excision followed by cauterization with a laser.
When using a radio wave apparatus to remove adenoids under the influence of a high frequency current, a kind of evaporation of tissue occurs, and the adenoids become smaller.
The advantages of radio wave surgery are minimal trauma, bloodlessness, accelerated healing wounds.
Why is their absence dangerous? Dangers of untimely removal
Enlarged adenoids are most often accompanied by enlarged tonsils. This can lead to difficulty breathing not only through the nose, but also through the mouth. The child suffocates especially often at night.
If the adenoids are not removed in a timely manner, then due to constant open mouth upper jaw becomes underdeveloped, teeth begin to grow incorrectly, and the jaw becomes deformed.
The worst thing is that if deformation occurs, the process is irreversible even if the operation is taken into account. Therefore, you should not delay the treatment of adenoids.
Another common complication of adenoids is hearing loss and the onset of hearing loss. However, this violation is reversible. After removal of the adenoids, hearing is restored.
Many people are afraid to remove adenoids because... They are afraid that the child’s body will lose a kind of “protective barrier” and begin to get sick even more often than before the removal.
Among the mothers who agreed to have their child have surgery, there are also those who are not happy with the result and even think that things have gotten worse. To weigh the pros and cons of surgery, consult your doctor.
It’s good if you already have a proven one, if not, contact a doctor you trust.
Remember that if the adenoids are severely overgrown, surgery is required.
Preparing for surgery
It is necessary to prepare for the operation, first of all, psychologically. It is important for parents to remain calm themselves. It is necessary to explain to the child the need for the procedure, tell him what awaits him, but in such a way that he is not afraid. You can promise your baby ice cream after the procedure.
When planning an adenotomy, the doctor will prescribe the necessary tests and examinations. On the eve of surgery, you may be prescribed medications to improve blood clotting.
On the day when surgery is scheduled, the child should not be fed or given water two hours before the procedure. This is especially important if anesthesia is expected. Otherwise, vomiting may occur.
Recovery after surgery
The operation itself does not last long, 5-10 minutes.
The child will recover from anesthesia for some time. If everything went well, then 2-3 hours after the baby came to his senses, he was sent home.
After adenotomy, cold has a calming effect on the nasopharyngeal mucosa, relieves swelling, and stops bleeding.
But if the child has difficulty swallowing or does not feel well after anesthesia, there is no need to insist.
On the first day after surgery, you may cough up blood or vomit blood. This occurs because blood entered the stomach during surgery.
Are you for or against removal?
AgainstBehind
Wounds on the mucous membrane have not yet healed and may bleed a little, especially when irritated.
On the first day after surgery, the temperature may rise and weakness may be present.
In the first days, the child is prescribed to rest more, not walk outside, avoid stress, and do breathing exercises.
To normalize nasal breathing function, vasoconstrictor drops are prescribed for 5 days.
Restoration of nasal breathing and hearing usually occurs within 7-10 days after surgery.
Relapses – secondary appearance
Sometimes relapses occur after adenoid removal in children. Re-growth of adenoid tissue is possible if
- The lymphoid tissue was not completely removed;
- Surgery on a child under 3 years of age;
- The presence of factors that cause adenoid growths (allergies, heredity, frequent illnesses).
Such cases do not happen often and require specialist consultation.
