Subject " Flat Earth"Does it seem funny to you? Then I'll remind you. Just 500 years ago, everyone KNEW that the Earth was Flat, and those who said that the Earth was Round were taking a serious risk. IN best case scenario Friends, acquaintances and relatives looked at him as a “sleepwalker”. At worst, he was burned at the stake by religious fanatics.
Now this story has a continuation...
Earth became again Flat, but now no one will burn you. Most people still won’t understand what is written, because they haven’t learned to think with their heads. However, this is not about you. And treat the article with Humor.
Play: "The Flat Earthers Strike Back."
Scene 2: "Evidence for a Flat Earth."
Characters:
Professor Sharov — (PSh ). He talked about the Round Earth. . I hope you have seen his official responses. Because now what we love most about this site will begin - “Melting Our Reality «.
Professor Wonderful — (PZ ). Talks about Flat Earth. Right now.
You
-simple buyer.
Did I read Scene 1?
1. Our world.
You : Good afternoon, Professor Wonderful (PZ ), I just talked with your colleague Sharov about our world, and somehow he didn’t look 100% convincing. What do you have?
PZ : I have a Model and Flat Earth Map. She looks like this.
PZ
: Our world is a Flat Disk, which is surrounded by an ice wall. Therefore, the water does not flow anywhere and you cannot fall over the edge. The ice wall is officially called Antarctica, it covers the entire disk, how far it goes into the depths - we don’t know, maybe to infinity. Or maybe a hundred kilometers away there is life there. The military closed Antarctica with a special agreement from 1959. Therefore, it’s not so easy to get there. Alas.
The Flat Earth map is officially called in science Azimuthal Projection.
More details: From above we are covered by the “Dome” - a structure UNDER which the Sun and Moon rotate, plus the rest of the “planets”. The height of the Dome is 5 thousand km. The Moon rotates just below the Sun. The stars are light bulbs on the Dome.
You : Clear. Professor Sharov, could you remind me of your version?
PS: Earth is the planet on which we live, and our model is called Globe, from Latin globus -> ball. The surface is 29% land, 71% water. A simplified model of the Earth looks like this.
PS : Sun - 99.86% of the total mass solar system, is located in the center. The planets revolve around the Sun. Earth is the third planet from the Sun. Visually below.
You : Clear. Refresh your memory. Question for you, PZ . There are generally accepted proofs, which are usually taught in schools, as confirmation that the Earth is round. Can you refute them or show an alternative explanation?
PZ : Yes, sure. Show me your evidence, I will comment on it.
Moreover, I'm willing to pay 1000 dollars to the one who refutes proof that the earth is flat. You are interested?
You : Yes, I want to earn 1000 USD, if you're not kidding. But first, disprove the evidence for a round Earth. Ready?
PZ: I'm seriously offering a deal. Ready.
You: Evidence 1. The ships go beyond the horizon and first the hull disappears, and then the sail disappears. Isn't this proof of the curvature of the Earth's surface?
PZ: No, not proof. The ship simply diminishes on the horizon and disappears as soon as it passes." convergence point", that is, goes behind " visibility horizon". You can get it back if you take the binoculars.
How does vision work?.
An object that is moving away from you reaches a point on the horizon when it is too small for you to make out anything. Here's the point in the center of the picture where the road shrinks into a point. This point is called « point of convergence «, point where parallel lines converge in the EYE. This is our vision on Earth.
We use 2 eyes to determine the distance to the object.
That is, the further the object is from us, the smaller it will be. And even 2 parallel lines are still removed and reduced to Convergence points of the eye lens. This skill is very useful for PREDATOR HUNTERS (us, in the past). Determine the distance to prey or danger .
Even 1 eye is still able to show us the Distance, because the light passes through the edges of the lens (points 1, 2, 3, 4). Pupil = ROUND LENS, not a narrow SLIT. Therefore, even 1 eye is very cool!
We see an object up to 7 km away on the horizon. The physical size of the pupil does not allow one to see further.
Practice.
Here are 2 parallel railway tracks. They are parallel to each other thousands of kilometers ahead, WAYS DO NOT CROSS, DO NOT GO TO EACH OTHER AT ALL, otherwise the train would not have been able to travel for weeks along the Trans-Siberian Railway from Moscow to Vladivostok.
But, you see how 4 parallel rails converge to a point on the horizon, right? Same with the ship. Curvature has nothing to do with it. Curvature is the most primitive way to explain all these effects.
Keep in mind that hot air or water vapor may prevent you from seeing a ship in the distance and above the horizon.
Here, for example, is the phenomenon of a mirage. When in the summer the effect hangs over a hot road like a wet puddle. I think everyone has seen it in their lives. The middle dividing strip disappears in " puddle«.
The object, the ship-machine will be blur and shrink with distance. The wheels will be the first to disappear because they are closest to the ground, although the road is absolutely flat in front of you. It's the same at sea.
Water and wind create waves. Waves breaking on the surface of the water create many small splashes and this entire mass hangs above the surface of the sea. It is clear that the sail will be the first to rise above the thick mass, a fog of drops. After all, you are looking almost parallel to the surface of the water. And the sail is the tallest object on the ship. The closer the ship is to you, the higher the sail will be above the surface of the water. Although, initially, you see the entire ship on the horizon. It's just that because of the shallow spray (kilometers away from the ship), you won't see its hull until it's close enough. You might as well try to look through the fog. Will it work out big?
You : According to Evidence 1: Features of vision, “vanishing point” + mirage + water vapor.
Evidence 2: Moon and Lunar Eclipses. We see how a semicircular shadow from the Earth creeps onto the Moon during eclipses. A semicircular shadow is cast by the ball or disk of the Earth on the Moon, and according to your theory, the Sun and Moon are above us. What then causes an eclipse in your model?
PZ : Solar eclipse easy to explain. The Sun and Moon orbit above our heads. And the Moon is slightly lower than the Sun, therefore, when their path intersects, we see a semicircular shadow (of the Moon) creeping onto the Sun, and we have the Black Sun before our eyes.
Regarding the Lunar Eclipse.
Let's begin with Moon by her own anomalous object on the whole head . Have you ever been surprised by what we see Always only 1 side of the moon? Why is that? Perfect orbital synchronization? —-> or this artificial object? Why is everything in nature tied to the Moon? Planting, animal migration, even those women's cycles perfectly synchronized with the moon's 28-day cycles? Isn’t this why women’s “women’s days” shift by 4-5 days towards the beginning of the month?
In short, the Moon is a very strange object and does not behave as an ordinary piece of Rock above its head should. By the way, scientifically, the Moon is a satellite of the Earth. And the satellite can be either artificial(turned its dish-antenna towards us), or natural.
Let's become children for a minute. What about the fact that the Moon was built by previous civilizations? We don’t know this, but modern scientists don’t know how the Moon ended up in the sky. The version of a meteorite hitting the Earth is stupid. Because there is on the moon WATER . During an explosion, from a meteorite hitting the Earth, and then flying in a VACUUM, WATER not formed! So what's the joke then? Just imagine what it could be artificial sphere with its own light source.
We are reverse side Can't see the moon? And what's in there?
You : Imagined (fantasy), let the Moon be an artificial object, as in your version. Go ahead.
Evidence 3. During Moon Phases we see semicircle in heaven and during Lunar Eclipse we see semicircle a shadow, that is, it is given by a semicircular object, a “sphere/ball/disk”, whatever you want. How do you explain this?
PZ : These are 2 different phenomena: Lunar Phases and Lunar Eclipse.
Regarding the Moon phases, when you have a crescent moon in the sky, not full moon, this is explained by the illumination of the Moon. The land has nothing to do with it. The moon is a ball-sphere, and a spherical body will be illuminated that way. For example, a “lamp” that is located BEHIND THE MOON. Will now beexperiment with iPhone 5.
Imagine that there is a lamp inside the Moon. And she turns around. Are these not the phases you will see?
As for the Lunar Eclipse, I already answered in the previous example. There is a third body or phenomenon that we do not yet know. For example, that the Moon has its own light source INSIDE, and a semicircular disk passes between the light and the surface, blocking the light. Moreover, its size can be thousands of times smaller than the Moon itself. You don't need the Sun for this.
By the way, the Moon does NOT reflect Sunlight, as official scientists say, but is the source of its OWN light, easy to install using this example. If you have a Sphere (ball), then we know perfectly well how light will be reflected from it. Like this.
I haven't seen a spot on the moon. And you?
You : Proof 4. Traveling around the world? If you sail or fly all the time to the East or to the West, you will arrive at the same point from where you started sailing. Doesn't this talk about the Round Earth?
PZ : A simple experiment. Take a plate of water, place a powerful magnet in the middle of the plate, lower a small boat with a compass there and move to the West. You move only to the West, and you will circumnavigate the world on a plate!
Here's tea with lemon. If a lemon wedge swirls around the center, leaving the peel towards the edge of the cup, it will " trip around the world"by your cup.
Schematically: You all the time moving to the WEST. Magnetic Compass shows all the time on North .
This is what a trip around the world looks like over a flat Earth.
This is what Ferdinand Magellan's journey around the Earth looked like in 1519-1522.
You: Evidence 5. If all body over our heads Round, then why should we think that ours Earth is Flat?
PZ : Here is a billiard table with Round Balls on it. The table, by your logic = Round?
You : The table is naturally flat,
Proof 6. Availability of time zones when in some parts of the planet it is Night, and in other parts of the Planet it is Day. How to explain? Isn't it the turning of the Round Earth?
PZ : No. What does this have to do with the twist? The sun moves over the surface of the Flat Earth, where it is bright. Where it is not there is Night.
Why doesn't the Sun illuminate the entire disk if it is at altitude? Very simple. Here's a light bulb that does NOT light up the entire wall. The wall is too big, just like the surface of the Earth.
LETTERING:
IF THE EARTH IS FLAT
why don't we see sunlight 24 hours a day?
Explanation:
For the same reason that a small lamp cannot illuminate an entire wall.
LIGHT SOURCE = SMALL + MOVING.
You : How do seasons work? Why is it cold in winter and hot in summer?
PZ : The sun moves from North to South throughout the year. When it’s hot here, the Sun moves along the Yellow trajectory close to the North Pole (Tropic of Cancer). When it’s cold here, it rotates along the Red trajectory (Tropic of Capricorn), far from the North Pole, but it’s hot in the Southern Hemisphere. And, yes, the Sun moves much faster in the Southern Hemisphere to make its 360 degrees in 24 hours.
The fact that we have Winter in December, and in Australia it is Summer, is shown by this picture. Christmas - December 21 in Australia is celebrated in Santa Claus costumes right on the beach.
You : Then let's not leave the Sun and the evidence for a Flat Earth. I'm interested in 2 more things: Polar day And Polar night. When it is light 24 hours a day and dark 24 hours a day. You know this phenomenon, right? In official science, this is explained by the tilt of the Earth by 24.5 degrees and the location of the Earth relative to the Sun.
PZ : Polar day- this is when the Sun does not set below the horizon for 24 hours. That is, it spins above the Horizon Line, approaching the horizon, but not disappearing below it.
Interestingly, photographs of the Polar Day and Night most often show from the North Pole, but very rarely are they shown from the South Pole. Do you know why? Because according to the Flat Earth theory, the Sun does not illuminate the South Pole 24 hours a day. But there are no problems with the North Pole.
Here's an example.
How to check the South Polar Day?
No way.
South Pole CLOSED to visitors, CLOSED for inspection. There are only government"scientific stations" and " military". Both the first and second ( government + military) are known as liars With long, long history... It’s not for me to tell you. So there are only 2 options left:
1. At the South Pole there are no days when the Sun is 24 hours above the horizon.
2. At the South Pole there is a Polar Day, when the Sun is 24 hours above the horizon.
But even if it is indeed shown that there is a Polar Day in Antarctica, then we have a theory. It uses the concept of reflected light from a DOME. Schematically and mathematically it looks like this.
By the way, since they have already started talking about Antarctica, then our entire community is showing some kind of unhealthy interest in it. Earth Elite .
Chronicle for 2016:
1. February 12, 2016 Patriarch Kirill meets with the Pope. February 18, 2016 - urgently flies to Antarctica.
2. Beginning of March 2016 - US President Obama flies to Argentina, from where he travels for several days in Patagonia. The territory borders Antarctica, what he did for a couple of days is unknown. A NASA representative was with him on the delegation.
3. November 11-12, 2016 — US Secretary of State John Kerry 3 days after the elections in the USA - flies to Antarctica and is there, signing the next agreement
, which prohibits the entry of fishing vessels into waters near Antarctica.
There is some strange stirring around the icy wastelands among politicians and religious leaders. Don't you find it?
But let's leave this aside. Let's return to the Sun and the evidence for a Flat Earth.
You: Interesting, but that comes later. Now m I am interested in the fact that the Sun should decrease in size if it is simply moving away from us, and not set beyond the horizon as a huge disk with the same dimensions. After all, you say that the Sun is simply moving overhead in a circular path.
PZ : Let's talk seriously about the Sun.
This video will be enough to prove that the Sun decreases in size, moving away from us in a straight line when it goes to the horizon. Taken from the observatory ABOVE cloud level. Link .
Now look here. You must understand that very often we see the Sun setting above the level of the Earth. Mountains, hills, obstacles, and buildings often block our view. And since they are much closer than the real horizon, you see how the large and round Sun hides behind the “visible” horizon, although in fact, it is just REMOVED in a straight line and DECREASES.
Decreases BEFORE the “convergence point”.
IN in this case"vanishing point" blocked by a mountain. Therefore, the Sun disappears from our view with a large disk, but still decreases along the way.
Here simple experiment As proof of the Flat Earth, you can make it at home. Stretch the string across the room so that it is the same height from wall to wall. Place obstacles in his way, such as a book or a board (in this video, these are 4 bottles of beer holding a cardboard), and so that the obstacle is below the thread. And then look at what it looks like from Earth level.
Get this is the “effect”.
The sun will move away from you, and BIG will go behind visible horizon", not a dot. That's all. No turning of the Round Earth is necessary for this.
This experiment weren't you impressed?
Okay, then what about an obstacle on the horizon like iPhone 6? Camera on the ground distance of 110 meters from the camera to the person? Consider that in our case IPHONE IS A MOUNTAIN.
A MAN IS SEEN BEHIND THE MOUNTAIN.
You : And the last question about the Sun and Moon - how do they fly in a sideways orbit? What keeps them in the sky?
PZ : Magnetic levitation. Here are working magnetic levitation devices.
Lamp ,
computer mouse,
armchair sofa ,
Maglev train on magnetic levitation.
This, by the way, explains ebb and flow on the ground. Water is repelled by magnets
! And the Moon and the Sun = sources of magnetic background, so they are simply “ part the water» under you, and she runs ashore. Gravity here, as always, is superfluous. There are ebbs and flows only in the Oceans and Seas with salt water, which are in the path of the Sun and Moon.
Check it out at home plain water from the tap reacts to the comb. Just before doing this, run it through your hair to transmit the electric shock.
There is regular fresh water in the tap! A sea water- responds even better to electricity. There's SOOOOOOOOOOL!
Ebbs and flows have nothing to do with the gravity of the MOON. Because most Gravity doesn't exist at all. This is Newton's fantasy and fictitious force to describe the world and facts at the beginning of the 19th century. This is what the electromagnetic repulsion of the Moon and Water looks like. Schematically.
You:Evidence 7. Satellite photos? Photos from above? Will you still say that the Earth is Flat?
PZ: Have you heard about special effects in photography? And the lenses Fish eye", Truth? These lenses greatly bend the image in order to capture large area. Here are some examples:
1. Real Round walls? Below = no distortion.
4. Round subway cars.
5. The church spire bows to the building on the right
6. The square bends...
Horizon = Curvature.
Is this what proof of a spherical Earth looks like?
Now returning to Space and the ISS. Here is a photo from 2008. Where is NASA admits , that the pictures are taken through a fisheye lens. These lenses are located at the MIR station. Come in and check it out.
Here is the same photo in Wikipedia , where it is said that the curvature of the Earth is due to the “Fish Eye”.
Why use if the earth is Round?
Right to bend flat image, like proof of curvature.
Although all the photos, without corrections, tell us the opposite. Earth - Flat! From any height!
You : Proof 8. Sharovers claim that with height we see further, because we see BEYOND the horizon.
PZ : An absolutely stupid argument from the Sharovers (like all the others, by the way). Why?
Because
Here is an example - a flat lawn near a house. If you place the camera at ground level and move away from it, you " disappear over the horizon". Is this proof that a flat field suddenly has a curvature? No. Link to video .
You : I like this explanation. Accurate and with evidence.
Evidence 9. Still, what about satellites? Communications / satellite TV / GPS? How are they explained on Flat Earth?
PZ : Communication between continents without wires existed long before satellites. The first transatlantic radio communication was successfully made in 1906, from Brant Rock, USA to Machree, Scotland. No one had heard about satellites for the next 50 years, but the continents ALREADY communicated with each other.
Today, 99% of all Internet traffic travels through undersea ocean cables between continents, rather than via satellites.
Satellite dishes on houses are only called "satellite" because they all face the Horizon, NOT the sky, at a 90% angle. You see such antennas every day on houses and roofs, right? Do they look vertically UP, INTO THE SKY at the satellite?
Or —————————> TO the horizon?
"These antennas" receive ordinary radio signals from ordinary transmitting towers standing on the ground, but not from Space. Is the antenna tilt clearly visible?
What you see with your own eyes on houses is called “ tropospheric» radio communication.
The distance of “tropospheric radio communication” is 300-800 km. The signal bounces off the ionosphere. What modern scientists call the “Ionosphere,” I call the “Dome.” This is a dome over the Flat Earth that bounces radio waves down to Earth.
And everything that is less than 300-800 km can be covered with additional 300 meter towers, as in the pictures below. The signal “to the dish” comes from radio towers.
Do you recognize these 200-300 m high engineering creations?
Why do you need satellites for TV? Everything works without them.
You: And what's about GPS and Flat Earth?
PZ: GPS - Global Positioning System. Its only purpose is to convince you that it " GLOBAL “, that is = GLOBE, that is, BALL! How does it work?
In cities, it works at the expense of mobile phone towers. And 3 towers are enough to determine your location exactly down to the meter. It is called - Triangulation .
Outside cities there is a regular radio network with powerful towers that cover most Earth. First used during World War II for navigation of ships and planes, when no one had heard of satellites the next 20 years... The accuracy of identifying a ship at sea is 150 meters at a range of 1,500 KM! Name - LORAN And DECCA. Come in and check it out.
Here's the tower LORAN 190 meters high in Canada.
In 2000 they were renamed GPS and stuck it in your mobile phone with beautiful maps. The system is controlled by the American military, but you will never know how it actually works. Just like you won’t find out why the nuclear-powered icebreaker “KURSK” sank, and how many full-time Russian military personnel died in Donbass and Syria. The military will always lie.
As you understand, positioning systems worked successfully BEFORE the advent of even the idea... SATELLITES...
You: Does anyone else know about this theory?
PZ : Everybody knows. This is not a secret. For example, NASA in its calculations and models of aircraft flight in the air uses the model of a FLAT and NON-ROTATING Earth.
That is, future pilots are taught on models that have never heard of the need to take into account curvature, or that the surface of the Earth rotates underneath them. Why? Because it doesn't really exist.
You can download the document itself . E it is written on the first page in the first paragraph.
Here is another document for FAA (Federal Aviation Administration, USA), which states that flight simulation software should be as close to reality as possible for high-quality training of pilots in the air and training of controllers on the ground. Therefore, everything should be exactly in calculations.
Here they are being played various situations and the behavior of the aircraft in the sky. "The Engineering Analysis and Design of the Aircraft Dynamics Model For the FAA Target Generation Facility." You can download it.
On page 32 it is written in plain text: “ We we do not take into account the rotation of the Earth, and the flight passes above the FLAT Earth«.
Simulation as close to reality as possible, right?
So what is our Reality then, dear pilots?
Official maps?
Here is the official one flat earth map for a wide range of users. Created in 1892 year, a paper copy is stored in the library of Boston, USA. What's interesting about it?
3 moment!
Moment 1 : Immediately at the top of the map in capital letters written
"AS IT IS"
what does " In fact »
Moment 2: Right and Left says: " scientifically correct«
(scientifically and
) And " almost correct«
(practically correct). Seriously
Moment 3. At the bottom of the map it is indicated how the Sun moves in June and December. Where do they come from? June 21 and December 21.
Solstice of June.
« The white oval shows the location of the Sun in the Tropic of Cancer, in June, at noon. This calls 24 hours sunlight in the Polar Regions (Polar Day). After June 21, the Sun begins to spiral south until it reaches its final point on December 21«
December Solstice.
« December 21, the Sun moves along the Tropic of Capricorn, and as it moves it illuminates Southern part Antarctic ice. There is no light below 80º South latitude, there are only unexplored regions of ice. On December 23, the Sun completes its movement to the South and begins to move back to the North Pole, ending its season.”
In addition, all the most serious organizations in the world such as the UN - the United Nations, ICAO - International Civil Aviation Organization, IMO - International Maritime Organization, WMO - World Meteorological Organization use the Flat Earth map. Irony, true?
Organizations controlling globe,
use Flat Earth map..
The million dollar question: “Can you find Antarctica here”?
Pilots.
Sailors.
Climatologists.
Have you found Antarctica?
And it is considered the 6th continent of the Earth, actually...
Google showed the original drawing for the Winter Solstice . So, by the way. Nothing special here.
2. Question 2. What experiment was carried out to reveal Gravity? - Answer . There is nothing to test here, Gravity does not exist, it is a fictitious force that exists only on paper.
3. Question 3. How does water in the oceans bend in an arc? - Answer . No way. The water in the oceans is horizontal, from the North Pole to Antarctica.
4. Question 4. Is the curvature of the Earth taken into account when constructing long bridges, rails, shipping canals and pipelines? - Answer . No, it is not taken into account, because there is no curvature. There is only height.
5. Question 5 . Physics of the XXI century. Standard model elementary particles Our Universe (in short, how everything works in the world) includes only 3 forces: electromagnetic, weak and strong interaction, DOES NOT include gravity in its calculations. - Answer . He does the right thing by not turning it on, because gravity doesn’t exist.
6 . Question 6. How did the Vacuum of Space not suck out the Atmosphere? - Answer . Atmosphere protected by the Dome.
7. Question 7. Why doesn't gravity attract clouds? - Answer . There are different densities of air near the Earth and air at altitude.
9. Question 9. How rivers (water) can flow UP? - Answer . They can’t and you know it. Water always flows down.
10. Question 10. Why do planes fly so strangely?- Answer .
Regarding the first example, a flight from Bali to Los Angeles landed in Alaska. Here Flat Earth map and a straight line between the two cities.
Regarding routes through Antarctica. Where should we fly?
Flying in a circle? From Africa to Australia - there won't be enough fuel. From South America to Australia - there won't be enough fuel. From Africa to South America— there won’t be enough fuel. Keep in mind that Antarctica circles a distance much greater than the equator. And our equator itself is 40,000 km in circumference!
But, flying in a straight line like this is the way to go!
Therefore, no one will run optical Internet cables from Africa to Australia and South America. It's SOOO far away. Red zones are empty.
You : OK then. Governments know that the Earth is Flat. They have evidence of a flat Earth, a map of a Flat Earth, then what is the benefit of hiding the truth?
PZ : Because there will be a disaster in science.
No Gravity = No Globe = No Rotation = No Big Bang= No millions of galaxies, planets and stars = No aliens = No Evolution = No connecting link between living organisms and people = Is this enough to remain silent about the shape of the Earth?
Gravity is a Religion for Scientists. Everything that cannot be explained clearly is explained by the mysterious word Gravity. From RELIGIONS DO NOT REFUSE!
Why is the Earth round? — Gravity
.
Why don't people fly away from the spinning Earth? - Gravity
.
Why doesn't water fly away from the surface of the Earth and collect at the Equator, where the maximum speed is? - Gravity
.
Why is the Moon in the Sky? - Gravity
.
Replace the word " Gravity"word" God «, and get the same result. Level 0 explanations.
Why is the Earth round? — God
.
Why don't people fly away from the spinning Earth? — God .
Why doesn't water fly away from the surface of the Earth and collect at the Equator, where the maximum speed is? — God
.
Why is the Moon in the Sky? — God
.
I'll tell you by secret:
« Gravity is the force that attracts the absurd«.
Do you know why?
Because after Newton came up with Gravity, Science has developed this way for the last 300 years.
Scientists realized thattheory of gravity will lead to a singularity (the entire Universe will eventually shrink to a point) then they came up with"Dark Energy". This is, in principle, Anti-Gravity. But, as a result of further calculations of the formulas, they realized that the expansion"Dark Energy" will lead to a rupture of Einstein’s “space-time” itself, and then they came up with"Dark Matter" which should balance"Gravitons" of gravity and "Dark Energy".
Before us is an imaginary force, which should explain another imaginary force, and so time after time, when the formulas don't stick.
But in fact: “Gravitons” do not exist, hence Dark Energy does not exist, hence Dark Matter does not exist. And when you are forced to believe in things that exist only on paper and in dreams, then this is not science, this is -"MAGIC".
Therefore, physics for 2017 has hit its forehead against the wall and is waiting for a new Prophet who will explain what and how. Without “gravities” and other “magical entities”.
What do we need?
And we need other answers to questions as old as the world: “Who are we?” and “What have they forgotten here?” Without “magic”, “gravity” and “ape-man theories”.
ORIGIN OF THE WORLD:
1. Divine version of the world. You've heard about it, the world in 6 days. According to the Bible.
2. Version - Big Bang with Evolution proposed priest Georges Lemaitre)) and Darwin.
“There was NOTHING, then suddenly nothing happened to this NOTHING and NOTHING exploded! Then everything that exploded and scattered NOTHING magically transformed itself into matter and living particles, which also magically learned to copy themselves, multiply... And then there were dinosaurs...
How do you like this theory from the Catholics from the Vatican? It is considered official “in science” for 2017. Seriously!
More options?
3. The most obvious is theory., O which we wrote quite recently. We live in the Matrix (Digital Universe), and it seems that this is a game for our distant descendants, for example children 2100. People of the Future play games of the Past. How do we play computer games about Greece, Feudalism and the Middle Ages. And our descendants play us - with 100% immersion in virtual reality Of the past. No matter how fantastic it sounds.
All in all.
PS: You won't be able to drag your Flat Earth theory into official science. She's absurd.
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American rapper B.o.B is raising money for satellites to find evidence that the Earth is actually flat. And on September 25, the federal TV channel REN showed an episode of Igor Prokopenko’s program, which states that filming from space is computer graphics, and the video with astronauts on the ISS is studio filming on chromakey with further processing. The Flat Earth Society regularly appears in news headlines. Who are all these people and what to do if they are trying to prove to you that the Earth is not a geoid or even a sphere - in the material of “Futurist”.
“If the Earth were a ball, the waters would flow down from it and people would die of thirst and plants would dry up. The earth, O most worthy and noblest of teachers and mentors, was and is in the shape of a flat disk and is washed on all sides by a majestic river called “Ocean”. The earth rests on six elephants, and they stand on a huge turtle. This is how the world works, O teacher!” - this is what the answer of Volka Kostylkov, the hero of the fairy tale “Old Man Hottabych” looked like at a school exam in geography. The teachers decided that the head of the astronomical circle and a diligent student was sick or worried, but in fact the culprit for Volka’s failure in the exam was a fictional character, a genie named Hassan Abdurrahman ibn Hottab, who was released after 3.5 thousand years of imprisonment in a bottle and decided to help to your savior.
A flat map of the Earth drawn by Orlando Ferguson in 1893. The map contains several references to passages from the Bible, as well as arguments against the sphericity of the Earth
It's hard to believe, but people who would rate such an answer as "excellent" still exist. The Flat Earth Society is increasingly making headlines. According to members of the society and their followers, the Earth has the shape of a flat disk with a diameter of 40 thousand km, in the center of which is the North Pole. The South Pole does not exist at all, and what we call Antarctica is an icy mountain that runs along the edge of the Earth, cutting it off from the rest of the world. Supporters of the theory support their conclusions with ancient maps depicting a flat Earth. They claim that all photographs and videos of the Earth from space are falsified by space agencies as part of a conspiracy theory - and in general, space does not exist. There is also no gravity within the framework of their cosmology: objects are attracted to the Earth, because it supposedly constantly moves upward with an acceleration of 9.8 m/s². And finally, there is no atmospheric pressure.
Who are all these people?
In ancient times, people really believed that the Earth was flat. This concept appears in the cosmogonic myths of the ancient Egyptians and Babylonians, in Hinduism, Buddhism and Scandinavian mythology. However, already early scientific research gave an idea that the Earth has the shape of a ball. For example, Aristotle in 330 BC. e. provided evidence of the sphericity of the Earth. In particular, he noticed that the starry sky looks different at different latitudes.
In the Middle Ages, views on the structure of the Universe were varied. In the writings of the church fathers, the Earth appears either as a pancake or as a ball, hovering over the sea under a spherical dome, and in illustrations from the book of Cosmas Indicopleustos, the surface of the planet is inscribed in a tabernacle - a camp tent where the church could be located - and the Sun rises from behind a large mountain and sets for her. However, Ptolemy's idea dominated: the Universe is a closed system, in the center of which is a stationary spherical Earth, surrounded by nine rotating heaven-spheres, which are located one above the other. This idea is reflected in Dante's Divine Comedy.
However, there have always been people who claimed that the Earth is flat. As a rule, these were religious fundamentalists, illiterate people or charlatans. In 1956, Briton Samuel Shenton created the International Flat Earth Society (IFERS), better known as the Flat Earth Society. The organization was to become the successor to the Universal Zetic Society, which was founded by the English writer Samuel Rowbotham. This man, who lived in the 19th century, for a long time lectured on flat Earth under the pseudonym Parallax and wrote the book Zetetic Astronomy - The Earth is not a Globe. During one of his lectures, in which he could not explain why the masts of ships remained visible on the horizon while their hulls disappeared, he had to flee. And in one of the experiments, he falsified the results, saying that the lighthouse lantern on the horizon was completely visible, although in fact only half of it was visible. Contemporaries called him a charlatan, but noted his wit and skill as a storyteller.
Shenton deeply embraced Rowbotham's ideas. Shortly before the launch of the first satellite in the USSR, he said: “Will sailing around the Isle of Wight prove that it is spherical? It’s the same with these satellites.” Because of the space race, the ideas of society did not gain popularity. But with the arrival of a new president, journalist Charles Johnson, the flat Earth theory gained many supporters. Johnson acted as a professional media man: the Apollo program became an information source for popularizing the ideas of society. Society leaders publicly claimed that the moon landing was a hoax, filmed in Hollywood from a script by Arthur C. Clarke or Stanley Kubrick. The society gained several thousand supporters and existed until Johnson's death in 2001. It was later revived by Samuel Shannon's namesake, Daniel, as a website.
In the United States, flat Earth ideas were championed and propagated by religious fundamentalists such as John Alexander Dowie and Wilbur Glenn Voliva, who led the Christian Catholic Apostolic Church, founded by Dowie in 1895. In one of Russian speaking groups Flat Earth supporters on VKontakte write that the community was created “to counter pseudoscience that encroaches on the foundations of the biblical world order” and is called upon to fight everyone who preaches “atheism and obscurantism.” They describe their worldview as “Scientific Orthodoxy.”
At the same time, many church representatives criticize their views. Thus, the Tsargrad TV channel published critical material about Igor Prokopenko’s film “But the Earth is Flat!”
With the advent of popular Internet services such as YouTube and Twitter, it has become much easier to spread such ideas. Previously, members of the public had to drop leaflets, but now it is enough to post a video or post a tweet.
“We are pleased to see that the gender bias in the representation of the flat Earth theory is disappearing. Just look at this cool woman!”
Rapper B.o.B. started posting tweets in support of the flat Earth theory last January. In particular, he wrote that if the Earth were spherical, the horizon would be curved, but this is not the case in reality. The young man believes that all videos and photos from the ISS and frames from space telescopes were shot with a wide-angle lens (fish-eye), which distorts the real contours of objects.
Science popularizer Neil deGrasse Tyson responded to B.o.B’s tweets and began explaining to the musician that it’s all about the low viewing angle.
However, the musician was not convinced. The rapper recorded the song Flatline, where he appears as a man who revealed the truth about the flat Earth to the world and therefore became the number one target for the intelligence services. B.o.B included a recording of his opponent’s lecture in which Tyson talks about the sphericity of our planet. And he recently launched a crowdfunding campaign to raise money to launch satellites that would photograph the Earth and test its shape. The rapper does not have a concept for satellites, but he managed to collect $2,136 out of 1 million.
Basketball player Shaquille O’Neal also voiced his views on the shape of the Earth, following his colleague, Cleveland Cavaliers player Kyrie Irving. However, Irving later said that he was just joking and did not think that his words would be taken seriously. But O’Neill is confident that he is right.
“I drive from Florida to California all the time, so it's flat for me. After all, I don’t move up and down at an angle of 360 degrees, I don’t feel gravity and other nonsense. Have you seen all these buildings outside of Atlanta? Are you saying that China is under us? This is wrong. The earth is flat,” O’Neill said on the Internet radio station podbay.fm.
The solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 led to numerous YouTube videos showing how the details of the eclipse proved that the Earth is flat.
And a scandal recently erupted in Arab scientific and educational circles when a Tunisian graduate student attempted to defend a thesis claiming that the Earth is flat, stationary, at the center of the Universe, and is 13,500 years old.
On September 25, the federal TV channel REN showed an episode of Igor Prokopenko’s program dedicated to the flat Earth theory. It says that filming from space is computer graphics, and the video with astronauts on the ISS is studio filming on chromakey with further processing. As stated in the film, flat earthers even launched a rocket, and it broke through the dome, but no one at NASA believed them.
Andrei Bukharin, presented in the credits as a “science popularizer,” appears as an expert in the program. In fact, this man is engaged in astrology. He has his own website, on which he tries to popularize astrology as an exact science - while modern science denies the effectiveness of its methods, and in the American Science and Engineering Indicators assessment system, astrology is completely the standard of pseudoscience.
How to argue with them?
Only the most basic arguments are given here.
“The horizon is straight, but photographs with a curved horizon are shot with fish-eye.” It just seems to us that the horizon is straight. We are on the surface of the planet, and we have too short stature and the viewing angle of the eyes is too narrow to perceive the curvature of the line. But it can be seen from an airplane window or from the roof of very tall buildings.
“Photos and videos of space are fake!” It turns out that not only the leaders of NASA and Roscosmos are involved in the global conspiracy, but also ordinary cosmonauts who personally broadcast from the ISS, and amateur astronomers who photograph deep space objects and other planets without any remuneration. Strange logic. Flat Earthers often cite the following video as an example of the use of chromakey. Indeed, chromakey of this kind is used as a substrate for 3D animation. However, the grid looks different: the cell sizes in it are different. A video grid is used to video record the trajectory of objects against a clear background.
“There is no gravity, the Earth is simply moving upward with universal acceleration.” Suppose that if a person jumps, the Earth will not pull him back (there is no gravity), but will itself rise up. Then how do birds, insects and airplanes fly? After all, according to this theory, nothing can remain in the air for a long time, since the disk is constantly rising.
“The sun is located only 4,800 kilometers from us and has a size of approximately 51 kilometers.” How then to explain the change of seasons and the duration sunny day, as well as climate zones? The Earth's surface would always receive the same amount of heat and light.
“How can planes land on a runway if the Earth is round and constantly spins on its axis? By the time of landing, the runway would have moved far from the intended landing site.” Atmospheric pressure drags along everything that is in its field of action. That is, everything that enters the atmosphere flies along with the surface of the Earth.
“There is no atmospheric pressure.” Invite your opponent to climb the mountains and monitor his well-being at high altitude. After this, you can solemnly read him a school physics course.
"The moon is a hologram." At this point, you can apologize to the person and end the conversation. Let him think that you are at the same time with them - it’s more fun.
January 31st, 2014
Like a flat, worn-out coin
The planet rested on three whales.
And they burned smart scientists in the fires -
Those who insisted: “It’s not about the whales.”
N.Olev
By going outside and looking around, anyone can be convinced: the Earth is flat. There are, of course, hills and depressions, mountains and ravines. But overall it is clearly visible: flat, sloping at the edges. The ancients figured this out a long time ago. They saw the caravan disappearing over the horizon. Climbing the mountain, observers noticed that the horizon was expanding. This led to the inevitable conclusion: the surface of the Earth is a hemisphere. In Thales, the Earth floats like a piece of wood in an endless ocean.
When did these ideas change? In the 19th century, a false thesis was established, which is still being replicated, that people considered the Earth to be flat before the great geographical discoveries.
Thus, the 2007 manual for teachers “Lessons on the world around us” says: “For a long time, ancient people considered the Earth to be flat, lying on three whales or three elephants and covered by the dome of the sky... Scientists who put forward a hypothesis about the spherical shape of the Earth were laughed at, they persecuted the church. The navigator Christopher Columbus was the first to believe in this hypothesis... The teacher can tell the children that the first person who saw with his own eyes that the Earth is not flat was cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin.”
In fact, already in the 3rd century BC. the ancient Greek scientist Eratosthenes of Cyrene (c. 276-194 BC) not only firmly knew that the Earth is a sphere, but also managed to measure the radius of the Earth, obtaining a value of 6311 km - with an error of no more than 1 percent!
Around 250 BC, Greek scientist Eratosthenes for the first time measured the globe quite accurately. Eratosthenes lived in Egypt in the city of Alexandria. He guessed to compare the height of the Sun (or its angular distance from a point above his head, zenith, which is called - zenith distance) at the same point in time in two cities - Alexandria (in northern Egypt) and Siena (now Aswan, in southern Egypt). Eratosthenes knew that on the day of the summer solstice (June 22) the Sun was at noon illuminates the bottom of deep wells. Therefore, at this time the Sun is at its zenith. But in Alexandria at this moment the Sun is not at its zenith, but is 7.2° away from it.
Eratosthenes obtained this result by changing the zenith distance of the Sun using his simple goniometric instrument - the scaphis. This is simply a vertical pole - a gnomon, fixed at the bottom of a bowl (hemisphere). The scaphis is installed so that the gnomon takes a strictly vertical position (directed to the zenith). The pole illuminated by the sun casts a shadow on the inner surface of the scaphis, divided into degrees.
So at noon on June 22 in Siena the gnomon does not cast a shadow (the Sun is at its zenith, its zenith distance is 0°), and in Alexandria the shadow from the gnomon, as can be seen on the scaphis scale, marked a division of 7.2°. In the time of Eratosthenes, the distance from Alexandria to Syene was considered to be 5,000 Greek stadia (approximately 800 km). Knowing all this, Eratosthenes compared an arc of 7.2° with the entire circle of 360° degrees, and a distance of 5000 stadia with the entire circumference of the globe (let's denote it by the letter X) in kilometers. Then from the proportion it turned out that X = 250,000 stadia, or approximately 40,000 km (imagine, this is true!).
If you know that the circumference of a circle is 2πR, where R is the radius of the circle (and π ~ 3.14), knowing the circumference of the globe, it is easy to find its radius (R):
It is remarkable that Eratosthenes was able to measure the Earth very accurately (after all, today it is believed that the average radius of the Earth 6371 km!).
And a hundred years before him, Aristotle (384-322 BC) gave three classical proofs of the sphericity of the Earth.
Firstly, during lunar eclipses, the edge of the shadow cast by the Earth on the Moon is always an arc of a circle, and the only body capable of producing such a shadow at any position and direction of the light source is a ball.
Secondly, ships, moving away from the observer into the sea, are not gradually lost from sight due to the long distance, but almost instantly “sink,” disappearing beyond the horizon.
And thirdly, some stars can only be seen from certain parts of the Earth, but are never visible to other observers.
But Aristotle was not the discoverer of the sphericity of the Earth, but only provided irrefutable evidence of a fact that was known to Pythagoras of Samos (c. 560-480 BC). Pythagoras himself may have relied on the evidence not of a scientist, but of a simple sailor Skilacus of Cariande, who in 515 BC. made a description of his voyages in the Mediterranean.
What about the church?
There was a decision to condemn the heliocentric system, approved in 1616 by Pope Paul V. But there was no persecution of supporters of the spherical shape of the Earth in Christian churches. The fact that “before” the church imagined the Earth standing on whales or elephants was invented in the 19th century.
By the way, why did they really burn Giordano Bruno?
And yet the church made its mark on the issue of the shape of the Earth.
Of the 265 people who set off on September 20, 1519 on a trip around the world under the leadership of Magellan, only 18 sailors returned on September 6, 1522 on the last of the ships, sick and exhausted. Instead of honors, the team received public repentance for one lost day as a result of moving through time zones around the Earth in westward. So Catholic Church punished the heroic team for a mistake in celebrating church dates.
This paradox of traveling around the world was not recognized in society for a long time. In Jules Verne's novel Around the World in 80 Days, Phileas Fogg almost lost his entire fortune due to ignorance. “Science and Life” of the 80s describes conflicts between teams returning from a “round the world” trip with accounting departments who do not want to pay for an extra day of business trip.
Misconceptions and primitive ideas persist not only in the church.
It’s probably worth noting one more point, the fact is that the shape of the Earth is different from a ball.
Scientists began to guess about this back in the 18th century, but it was difficult to find out what the Earth really was like - whether it was compressed at the poles or at the equator. To understand this, the French Academy of Sciences had to equip two expeditions. In 1735, one of them went to carry out astronomical and geodetic work in Peru and did this in the equatorial region of the Earth for about 10 years, while the other, Lapland, worked in 1736–1737 near the Arctic Circle. As a result, it turned out that the arc length of one degree of the meridian is not the same at the Earth's poles and at its equator. The meridian degree turned out to be longer at the equator than at high latitudes (111.9 km and 110.6 km). This can only happen if the Earth is compressed at the poles and is not a ball, but a body similar in shape to spheroid. At the spheroid polar radius is smaller equatorial(the polar radius of the earth's spheroid is almost shorter than the equatorial radius 21 km).
It's good to know that great Isaac Newton (1643–1727) anticipated the results of the expeditions: he correctly concluded that the Earth is compressed, which is why our planet rotates around its axis. In general, the faster a planet rotates, the greater its compression should be. Therefore, for example, the compression of Jupiter is greater than that of the Earth (Jupiter manages to rotate around its axis in relation to the stars in 9 hours 50 minutes, and the Earth only in 23 hours 56 minutes).
And further. The true figure of the Earth is very complex and differs not only from a sphere, but also from a spheroid rotation. True, in this case we are talking about a difference not in kilometers, but... meters! Scientists are still engaged in such a thorough refinement of the Earth’s figure to this day, using for this purpose specially conducted observations from artificial Earth satellites. So it is quite possible that someday you will have to take part in solving the problem that Eratosthenes took on a long time ago. This is very what people need case.
What is the best figure for you to remember on our planet? I think that for now it is enough if you imagine the Earth in the form of a ball with an “additional belt” put on it, a kind of “slap” on the equator region. Such a distortion of the Earth’s figure, turning it from a sphere into a spheroid, has considerable consequences. In particular, due to the attraction of the “additional belt” by the Moon, the earth’s axis describes a cone in space in about 26,000 years. This movement of the earth's axis is called precessional. As a result, the role of the North Star, which now belongs to α Ursa Minor, is alternately played by some other stars (in the future it will become, for example, α Lyrae - Vega). Moreover, due to this ( precessional) movement of the earth's axis Zodiac signs more and more do not coincide with the corresponding constellations. In other words, 2000 years after the Ptolemaic era, the “sign of Cancer,” for example, no longer coincides with the “constellation Cancer,” etc. However, modern astrologers try not to pay attention to this...
Where did this stupid idea of a flat Earth with three elephants/whales come from?
Nprime Thales believed that the Earth floats in water, like a piece of wood. Anaximander imagined the Earth in the form of a cylinder (and indicated that its diameter was exactly three times its height), on the upper end of which people lived. Anaximenes believed that the Sun and Moon are as flat as the Earth, but corrected Anaximander, pointing out that the Earth, although flat, is not round in plan, but rectangular, and does not float in water, but is supported by compressed air. Hecataeus, based on the ideas of Anaximander, compiled geographical map. Anaxagoras and Empedocles did not object to this to the founders, considering such ideas not to contradict physical laws. Leucippus, considering the Earth to be flat, and the atoms falling perpendicular to this plane in one direction, could not understand how then the atoms could connect with each other, forming bodies - and said that no, the atoms in their fall must somehow deviate at least a little. Democritus, in defense of a flat Earth, gave the following argument: if the Earth were a sphere, then the sun, setting and rising, would intersect the horizon in an arc of a circle, and not in a straight line, as in reality. Epicurus solved the problem of the fall of atoms onto a flat Earth, which tormented Leucippus, by attributing to the atoms free will, by virtue of which they deviate and unite at will.
Obviously, these ancient Greek atheist-materialist scientists relied on mythological ideas expressed in poetic language by Homer and Hesiod in the 7-8 centuries BC. The Hindus, Sumerians, Egyptians, and Scandinavians had similar myths about a flat Earth. But I don’t want to go even further there - I’m writing about something completely different. As a curiosity, one can note the book “Christian Topography” by Cosmas Indicopleus, written between 535 and 547, in which the author presents the Earth as a flat rectangle covered with a convex roof of the sky - a sort of chest-chest. This book was immediately criticized by Cosmas’s contemporary John the Grammar (c. 490-570), who then cited the same quotations from the Bible that I did as a justification for the sphericity of the Earth. The official Church did not interfere in this dispute about the shape of the Earth; it was much more worried about the heretical views of the disputants - Cosmas was a Nestorian, and John was a tritheist and Monophysite. Basil the Great disapproved of such disputes, considering their very subject not related to issues of faith.
If you start looking for elephants/whales, then first of all you can turn to the once popular work of Slavic folk-spiritual literature - “The Book of the Pigeon”, where there is a verse: “The earth is founded on seven pillars.” The folk legend about the Book of Doves goes back to the “book with seven seals” in the 5th chapter of the Revelation of John the Theologian, and the verse about whales is borrowed from the apocrypha “Conversation of the Three Hierarchs”. The outstanding collector of Slavic folklore A.N. Afanasyev wrote: “There is a legend among our common people that the world stands on the back of a colossal whale, and when this monster, suppressed by the weight of the earth’s circle, moves its tail, an earthquake occurs. Others claim that from time immemorial four whales served as support for the earth, that one of them died, and his death was the cause of the global flood and other upheavals in the universe; when the other three also die, at that time the end of the world will come. An earthquake occurs because whales, having laid on their sides, turn to the other side. They also say that in the beginning there were seven whales; but when the earth became heavy with human sins, the four went into the Ethiopian abyss, and in the days of Noah, all of them went there. And so there was a general flood." Some linguists suspect that in fact, sea animals have nothing to do with it, but we are talking about fixing the Earth at its four edges, since in the ancient Slavic language the root “whale” meant “edge”. In this case, we again return to Kosma Indikoplov, whose curious book about the rectangular Earth was very popular in Rus' among the common people.
"Flat Earth Society"
Well, in order to finally amuse the tired reader, I will point out such a curiosity, but complete insanity, as the existence in our enlightened times of the “Flat Earth Society”. However, the “Flat Earth Society” existed from 1956 to the beginning of the 21st century and counted better times up to 3,000 members. They considered photographs of the Earth from space to be fakes, and other facts - a conspiracy of authorities and scientists.
The origins of the Flat Earth Society were the English inventor Samuel Rowbotham (1816-1884), who in the 19th century proved the flat shape of the Earth. His followers founded the Universal Zetetic Society. In the United States, Rowbotham's ideas were adopted by John Alexander Dowie, who founded the Christian Catholic Apostolic Church in 1895. In 1906, Dowie's deputy, Wilbur Glenn Voliva, became head of the church and advocated for a flat earth until his death in 1942. In 1956, Samuel Shenton revived the World Zetetic Society under the name International Flat Earth Society. He was succeeded as president of the society in 1971 by Charles Johnson. Over the three decades of Johnson's presidency, the society's number of supporters increased significantly, from a few members to approximately 3,000 people from different countries. The society distributed newsletters, leaflets, and similar literature advocating the flat Earth model. Represented by its leaders, the society argued that the landing of man on the moon was a hoax, filmed in Hollywood from a script by Arthur C. Clarke or Stanley Kubrick. Charles Johnson died in 2001, and the continued existence of the International Flat Earth Society is now in doubt. According to supporters of the society, all governments on Earth have entered into a global conspiracy to deceive people. When Samuel Shenton was shown photographs of the Earth from orbit and asked what he thought of them, he replied: “It is easy to see how photographs of this sort can fool an ignorant person.”
If Gagarin is not an authority for your child, and all the pictures from the ISS, in his opinion, are fakes, you will have to be patient and prove the sphericity of the Earth, using a minimum of technical means - just like the ancient Greeks did. This process will be long, but extremely instructive.
1. We prove that the Earth is a disk or a ball
Let's start by deciding on the outlines of our home planet. Is it shaped like a suitcase or is there a turtle and elephants down there? There is a very simple way to understand that the Earth is a disk or a sphere. To do this, just wait for a total lunar eclipse (in Europe, the closest one can be observed on July 27, 2018; they occur every year. Go with your child to where the sky will definitely be clear on that day, and watch how the round shadow of the Earth slowly covers the Moon. Before that demonstrate how the shape of a shadow depends on the shadow of an object - show a wolf or an elk with the shadows of hands on the wall. If the shadow is round, then the body that casts it is round.
After this, all that remains is to understand whether the earth has the shape of a disk or the shape of a ball.
2. Choose between a disk and a sphere
To answer the question about flat earth or spherical, we will need: to get out of town, a ball and an ant (beetle, ladybug or cockroach - your choice).
First, we need to find a tall, free-standing structure on flat terrain (for example, a power line pylon) and go from there. Just like a ship at sea, the support will not disappear from sight immediately, but gradually - first the “legs”, then the middle part and, finally, the top with the wires.
Now let's interpret the observation results. If we were dealing with a tall tower on a plane, then, moving away, it would become smaller and smaller, but, even remaining barely noticeable, it would be completely visible. On the surface of the sphere, objects gradually disappear from view.
We take a ball and put an insect on it. We bring the ball very, very close to the eyes so that the insect is half behind the “horizon” - the far visible edge of the ball. Only part of the animal’s body will be visible, just as only part of the tower is visible from afar. Now we can confidently conclude that we live on the surface of the earth (jokes aside).
3. Once again about the ball
Another great way to make sure the earth is round is to go out into the field at dawn. Take your watch with you and face the brightest edge of the sky. As soon as the edge of the Sun (or the Moon - it doesn’t matter) appears below the horizon, lie down on the Earth and note the time. Look in the same direction. For a few seconds the star will disappear behind the horizon again. Why? Because you changed your viewing angle, and for a short time the Sun (or Moon) was hidden from you by the convex surface of the Earth.
The same can be done at sunset or watching the moon set, but only in the reverse order: first watch while lying down, and then while standing.
4. Determine the size of the ball
For the first time, the circumference of the equator was calculated by the librarian of the Library of Alexandria, Eratosthenes of Cyrene. The ancient sage compared the deviation of the Sun from the zenith on the same day of the year in two cities located at a distance of 800 kilometers from each other - Alexandria and Siena.
It is easy to catch the sun at its zenith: at this moment its rays fall even on the bottom of deep pits (Eratosthenes was guided by wells), and objects do not cast shadows. On the same day, the Sun cast sheer rays on Alexandria, but not on Sienna. It deviated from the zenith by 7.2°. Seven degrees from 360 is two percent. We multiply 800 by 50 and get 40 thousand (kilometers): this is the length of the Equator, this is confirmed by modern high-precision measurements.
Repeating Eratosthenes' experiment is quite simple, but you will have to enlist the help of friends in another city. Wait for the moment when the Sun is at its zenith (you can slack off and look on the Internet, you can navigate by a sundial - a stick stuck into the Earth. When the shadow is the shortest, then the Sun is closest to the zenith). Above the middle zone, the Sun is never at its zenith, but this does not matter. It is important at the moment when the shadow from your stick reaches its minimum, call your friends in a city located quite far from you - from Moscow, for example, to St. Petersburg, and ask them to measure the length of their shadow (and the height of the stick). Calculate the value of the acute angle between the stick and an imaginary straight line from the end of the stick to the end of the shadow in your place and in a distant city. Next - pure arithmetic: it should be about 40 thousand kilometers.
5. Once again measure the size of the ball
Let's return to experiments with clocks and sunrises (sunsets). We measured time for a reason: knowing it and your own height, you can solve the problem about the radius of the globe.
First, let's find the angle by which the Earth turned in the interval between the time you saw the edge of the rising Sun or Moon at dawn while standing and lying down. To do this, solve a simple proportion. If the Earth rotates 360° in 24 hours, what angle did it rotate during the time you recorded? Calculate and call it angle α.
Imagine that it was not you who fell and got up. Instead, the sunrise was observed by two people: Ivan 1 and Ivan 2, at such a distance from each other that the first saw the Sun later than the other by exactly the same time T. Two radii R to Ivan 1 and Ivan 2 form an isosceles triangle with angle α.
Complete the radius to Ivan 2 with a segment equal to your height h, and connect its end to the point where Ivan 1 stands. We get a right triangle with a hypotenuse R+h and a known acute angle. A little trigonometry and we calculate the radius of the Earth.
What is the actual shape of the Earth? Is the earth a flat circle or a sphere? Does the South Pole exist? Such questions have been asked for many years not only simple people, but also famous scientists and people. There is no exact evidence that the Earth is spherical, so people will look for evidence until the whole hidden truth prevails.
People have a lot of questions regarding the flat earth theory. People want to find the answer: Is the earth round or flat? In any case, the Flat Earth is round, not spherical. The earth, according to the evidence of flat earthers, is round and flat in the shape of a disk or saucer.
Wolves in sheep's clothing have covered our eyes with wool. For almost 500 years, the masses of people were completely deceived by the cosmic tale of astronomical dimensions. We have been taught lies on such a scale and so cruelly that we have become blind to our own experience and common sense, regarding seeing the world and universe as they are. Through pseudoscientific books and programs, media and public education, universities and government propaganda, the world has been continually brainwashed and slowly indoctrinated over the centuries into absolute belief in the great lie of all times. “Geography textbooks teach children, when they are still too small to understand these things correctly, that the world is a huge ball revolving around the Sun. And this story is constantly repeated, year after year, until the children become adults, at which time they are so busy with other things that it no longer matters to them whether the teaching was true or false. And since they have not heard anyone refute this, they conclude that it must be true, and if not believe it, then at least accept it as a fact. Thus they tacitly assent to a theory which they would have rejected out of hand had it been originally presented to them during what we call the "years of prudence." The consequences of the devil's teaching, whether in religion or science, are much more disastrous than one might imagine, especially in a luxurious age of indulgence like ours. The mind becomes weak and consciousness becomes dry.”
Evidence for the flat earth theory
500 years ago, an elite group of Sun-worshipping cabals disseminated a nihilistic cosmology/cosmogony that the vast majority of the world unquestioningly believes in. We have been taught, against all common sense and experience, that the apparently motionless, flat Earth beneath our feet is in fact a huge moving ball, spinning through space at over 1,000 mph (1,609 km/h), rocking and tilting at 23.5 degrees off its vertical axis, while spinning around the sun at a blinding speed of 67,000 mph (107,826 km/h), interacting with the entire solar system spiraling around the Milky Way at 500,000 mph (804670 km/h), and rushing through the expanding Universe away from the “Big Bang” at an incredible speed of 670,000,000 miles per hour (1078257800 km/h). But you don’t feel or experience any of this! We were taught that mysterious power, called "gravity" is the magical magnetism responsible for keeping everything from falling and supporting the spinning globe, which is strong enough to keep people, oceans and the atmosphere so firmly on the surface, but so weak that it allows insects, birds and airplanes to take off easily ! “As we sit drinking our cup of tea or coffee, the world is supposedly spinning at great speed and there is not even a hint of ripple in our tea until you lightly tap the table with your finger and...!”
“I confess that I cannot imagine how any person in his right mind can believe that the Sun is motionless when he sees with his own eyes that it revolves around the heavens. But how can he believe that the Earth on which we stand rotates at the speed of lightning around the Sun when he does not feel the slightest movement?
We were taught that those tiny pinprick points of light in the night sky known as planets or wandering stars were actually physical, spherical, Earth-like abodes millions of miles away. We were even shown a video of supposedly one of these objects, called Mars. We were taught that the tiny pinprick points of light in the night sky known as the fixed stars were actually suns, trillions of miles away, each with its own solar system, rotating moons and Earth-like planets that are potential hosts for alien life. We have been taught that the Moon has no light of its own, that its light is simply a reflection of the light of the Sun; that some Masons from NASA walked on the Moon, that some other Masons from NASA sent an all-terrain vehicle to Mars; that satellites and space stations constantly circle in a certain position, suspended above the Earth; that Hubble telescopes take pictures of distant planets, galaxies, stars, quasars, black holes, warm holes and other fantastic celestial phenomena. We have been taught that our ignorant ancient ancestors wrongly believed for millennia that the Earth was the flat, stationary center of the universe, but thanks to modern "science" and its Masonic prophets such as Copernicus, Newton, Galileo, Collins, Eldrin and Armstrong, we now believe that the world is a huge rotating ball, covered with land and seas, rushing through endless space.
We were taught that over millions and millions of random "evolutions" and the random Big Bang, the universe began to manifest suns, planets, then water, then somehow from dead, inactive elements arose single-celled organisms, they grew and multiplied, and mutated into large different organisms that continued to grow and multiply and mutate, achieving diversity and complexity (losing believability) to the point when amphibians came onto land, replacing gills with lungs, began to breathe air, developing to mammals, became bipedal, grew fingers, evolved into apes, and then, by a stroke of luck, a man-ape hybrid was created and human history began.
We were taught that it was the height of stupidity and naivety that our ignorant ancestors believed that the Earth was flat, and that if any person somehow still thinks that the Earth is the fixed center of the universe, then he must be the most primitive ignoramus. By now, the "Flat Earth" tag has become a literary synonym for "dorky" and a common cliché derogatory term for insulting someone's intelligence.
"I remember that when I was a little boy I was taught that the Earth is big ball, rotating at high speed around the Sun; and when I expressed to the teacher my fears that the water in the ocean might overflow, I was told that the waters are protected from this by Newton's Law of Gravity, which keeps everything in the right place. I suggested that my face must have shown some signs of disbelief, and my teacher immediately added - I can show you direct evidence of this. A person can spin a bucket filled with water around his head without spilling it, and in the same way, oceans can revolve around the sun without losing a drop. This example was obviously given to exhaust the question, and then I replied that there were no more questions. One might assume that if this had happened after I had grown up, I would have responded as an adult: “Sir, I dare say that the example of a man spinning a bucket of water around his head and oceans revolving around the sun is no do not support your arguments, because in two cases the water is placed in completely various conditions, since they are different in volume. For an argument to be valid, the conditions must be the same in both cases, and in this example they are not the same. A bucket is a hollow vessel that holds water inside, while, according to your teaching, the Earth is a sphere that is convex on the outside, and, according to the laws of nature, cannot hold any water." Source: VKontakte group "Flat Earth | ISLAM"
“(Aren’t they looking) at the Earth and how it is spread out?” (Quran, 88:20). His words “spread out” obviously (prove) that the Earth is flat, on which the scholars of Sharia stand, and not spherical, as people who judge by appearance(i.e. according to the shape of the Earth's shadow on the Moon)
Flat Earth Map
All routes are determined by a FLAT EARTH MAP, not a spherical one... it does not take into account the movements of the Earth on its 1674.365 km/h axis and around its orbit, because the Earth does not move, on the contrary, the sun moves in circular motions above the flat Earth.
Video: How planes actually fly over a flat Earth
What does a Flat Earth look like?
Flat Earth Map
The earth is round and flat at the same time
The flat surface of the Earth, and above the ground there is a Dome that no one can overcome!
Flat Earth facts
Is there a so-called “South Pole”?
There is not a single photograph of the South Pole, but photographs of the planet “Mars” and other “false planets” exist, and from all sides. But this is just photoshop, these and other planets do not exist... space does not exist either. The stars are under the Dome and in reality they are not big size. But at first it’s hard to believe, because we’ve been deceived since school. If they take photos of Mars and Saturn, then it wouldn’t be difficult to take photos of the Earth... But there is not one original photograph of the south pole and the supposedly spherical Earth.
If the earth is spherical, then why does the compass show the direction of Mecca in a different direction? The South Pole does not exist. This can be proven by the fact that the compass needle always points north. Even if a person is located beyond the equator, at the point closest to the “south pole,” it still points to the north, although it would be logical for it to point to the south, since there is also a magnetic pole there.
Flat Earth Dome
In 1773, Captain Cook became the first modern explorer to sail across the Arctic Circle and reach the ice barrier. Over the course of three voyages, lasting a total of 3 years, Captain Cook and his crew sailed a total of 110,000 km along the Antarctic coast without ever finding an entrance or way through the massive ice wall!
“Yes, but we can go around the South Pole quite easily” - often said by those who do not know, the British ship Challenger, which sailed for 3 years “around” the South Pole and sailed 69,000 miles (approx. 130,000 km) - a sufficient distance to go around the South Pole 6 times, according to the spherical hypothesis. Now no one is allowed to go to Antarctica, this is controlled by the Antarctic Treaty, there are many people (climbers, etc.) with money, opportunities, etc., who have been waiting for years for permission to go there, but in vain.
I am surprised when some ignorant Muslims say, for example, that Islam is the youngest religion or that the Earth is spherical, while Islam is the oldest and only religion that comes from the Creator of the universe (all worlds), life and people, and Planet Earth is actually flat and round, not spherical.
Previously, once upon a time, “scientific” scientists believed that the Universe was infinite and unlimited! And now it is known that “science” was wrong and it has become clear that in fact the universe is limited! Should we believe “scientific” theories? We cannot believe in ASSUMPTIONS! And only the Creator, the Lord of all worlds, One Allah, is not limited by anything, He is Eternal without beginning and without end, Perfect, Wise.
Which Earth is flat or spherical?
What should lead to conviction? - Not blind adherence, but categorical texts of the Koran, hadiths in which there is not the slightest doubt or disagreement, and evidence that is felt in reality, which a person is able to verify... And in those places where it is quite difficult to verify, they lie. Allah Almighty, the Creator of all worlds, says in the Quran:
Say: “Truth has appeared and falsehood has disappeared. Truly, lies are doomed to destruction.”
Truth is the revelations that Allah revealed to the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and commanded him to preach openly. The truth was revealed to him, which cannot be resisted, and therefore the lie disappeared and disappeared. And it couldn’t be otherwise, because lies are doomed to death and disappearance. Of course, sometimes lies gain strength and spread. However, this happens only when the truth does not oppose it. But as soon as the truth appears, the lie becomes silent and does not even dare to move. That is why erroneous views spread only in those countries where people forget the clear signs of their Lord.
Most people believe that the earth is round. But, as they say in the Quran, the majority are ignorant, and the minority is on the right path.
إذا نصحت أحداً فقال لك :
When you are giving instructions to someone, and he tells you:
أكثر الناس يفعلون هذا !
Most people do this:
فقل له:
Then you tell him:
لو ﺑﺤﺜﺖ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ «ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ » ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
الكريم ﻟﻮﺟﺪﺕ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ:
If you look for the word "most people" in the Holy Qur'an, you will find after it:
(ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ — ﻻ ﻳﺸﻜﺮﻭﻥ — ﻻ ﻳﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ) !
"DON'T KNOW"
"NOT GRATEFUL"
“THEY DID NOT BELIEVE.”
ﻭﻟﻮ ﺑﺤﺜﺖ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ «ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫﻢ »
ﻟﻮﺟﺪﺕ بعدها:
If you search in the Holy Qur'an for the word "most of them" you will find after it:
(ﻓﺎﺳﻘﻮﻥ — ﻳﺠﻬﻠﻮﻥ — ﻣﻌﺮﺿﻮﻥ —
ﻻ ﻳﻌﻘﻠﻮﻥ — ﻻ ﻳﺴﻤﻌﻮﻥ) !
"SINNERS"
"IGNORANTS"
"TURN AWAY"
"DO NOT UNDERSTAND",
"DON'T LISTEN"!
فكن أﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ :
And you be from the small number of whom the Almighty said:
{ ﻭﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻮﺭ }.
"FEW OF MY SLAVES ARE GRATEFUL"
{ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺁﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺇﻻ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ }.
"NOT BELIEVE WITH HIM EXCEPT A SMALL NUMBER"
{ ﺛﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻭﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ }.
“A GROUP OF THE FIRST, AND A LITTLE OF THE LATER.”!
Description of the Earth in the Koran
Here is a list of Quranic verses describing the shape of the earth:
- (13:3) He is the one who spread out (Madda) the earth.
- (15:19) And We spread out the earth (Madadnaha).
- (20:53) He who made the earth a plain (Mahdan) for you.
- (2:22) who made the earth a carpet for you (Firasha).
- (43:10) who made the earth a cradle for you (Mahdan)
- (50:7) And We spread out the earth (Madadnaha)
- (51:48) And We spread the earth (Farashnaha)
- (71:19) Allah has made the earth a bedding (Bisata) for you.
- (78:6) Have We not made the earth a bed (Mihada)
- (88:20) and to the earth as it is spread out (Sutehat).
- (91:6) and the earth and what spread it (Tahaha)
📗 The Quran describes the shape of the earth in the following words:
Madda, Madadnaha, Firasha, Mahdan, Farashnaha, Bisata, Mihada, Tahaha and Sutehat.
Each one means "FLAT". It is clear that the Almighty Creator in the Koran wanted to tell people that the Earth was flat, and He used all available Arabic dictionary to convey this idea.
Allah said:
وَيَوْمَ نُسَيِّرُ الْجِبَالَ وَتَرَى الْأَرْضَ بَارِزَةً وَحَشَرْنَاهُمْ فَلَمْ نُغَادِرْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدًا
“On that Day We will make the mountains move, and you will see that the earth will become flat. We will collect them all and not leave anyone out” / QURAN SURAH “THE CAVE”
In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful!
Science says that the change of day and night occurs as a result of the movement of the earth around the sun. At the same time, being on the surface of the Earth, we do not feel the movement of the globe, but can only observe it based on the apparent movement of the sun and stars relative to the Earth.
Sheikh Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) says: “The Quran and the Sunnah prove that in fact, what rotates relative to the earth is the sun. Allah says in the Quran:
“And the sun flows to its abode. This is the decree of the Glorious, the Wise!” 36:38.
He said “swimming” and attributed “swimming” to the sun. Said:
“And you see how the sun, when it rose, turned away from their cave to the right, and when it set, it passed them to the left.” 18:17.
Here it is clear that Allah attributed all four verbs to the sun, and some theories force us to distort the verse from its obvious meaning to another. Whereas these theories are a figment of the imagination.
Allah Almighty says:
- “I did not make them witnesses of the creation of the heavens and the earth and the creation of themselves.” 18:51.
- And man is not given more than a little from the sciences. A person who does not know the essence of his soul, “They ask you about (the essence of) the Spirit. Say: “The spirit is from the command of my Master. And your knowledge of what is given to you is scant!” 17:85.
- How does he try to understand a universe that is greater than his creation? “The creation of heaven and earth is greater than the creation of people, but most people do not know!” 40:57.
We declare that the theory that the change of day and night occurs due to the rotation of the earth around the sun is erroneous because it contradicts the superficial meaning of the Qur'an, which is the word of the Creator Subhanahu wa Taala. And He is more knowledgeable in His creations. How will we distort the words of our Lord from the superficial meaning, due to the existence of theories, when the scientists themselves have differences in these matters. The opinion that the earth is motionless and the sun revolves around it still exists today. Allah Almighty says in the Koran that the night twists around the day and the day twists around the night, that is, they rotate. If this is so, then where does day and night come from, except from the sun? Not from where. This proves that it is the sun that revolves around the earth...”
Allah Almighty said: A sign for them is the night, which We separate from the day, and so they plunge into darkness. The sun floats to its abode. Thus the Mighty, the Knowing has ordained. We have predetermined positions for the moon until it again becomes like an old palm branch. The sun does not have to catch up with the moon, and the night does not run ahead of the day. Everyone floats in orbit. Surah Yasin Verses 37-40
Today, what we are told in schools and everywhere is the absolute “Truth” for us. Many Muslims try to adapt the verses of the Koran to science, clearly distorting their meaning. And about those verses that cannot be adjusted to Science, they are kept silent about them. For example, the verse above explains to us the signs of Allah about the movement of the sun and moon around the earth, resulting in the change of day and night.
- The Almighty said: He is the One who gave the sun radiance and the moon light. Surah Yunus, verse 5
- The Almighty said: “...made the moon bright, and made the sun a lamp” Sura 71, Ayat 16
In other words, the Sun is a luminary emitting light, responsible for day, which replaces night. The moon is naturally bright regardless of the sun; it is responsible for the night and replaces the day. Write in the comments what you think about this.
