Parents often turn to speech therapists in a rehabilitation center with such a request. In the minds of many people, speech therapy massage has a miraculous effect. Do all children really need speech therapy massage? We'll figure out!
Speech therapy massage - everyone needs it?
You need to understand that speech therapy massage is not a harmless procedure. First, he has contraindications. Secondly, sensations during speech therapy massage are not the most pleasant. 
From what has been said, it is already clear that it is not worth appointing him to everyone and “just in case”, but only if necessary.
- dysarthria - disorders of muscle innervation speech apparatus in children or adults (after a stroke).
- rhinolalia;
- mechanical dyslalia (shortened hyoid ligament).
Before prescribing a massage, specialist, speech therapist or neurologist, conducts a special survey mobility of the articulatory organs. It also checks for contraindications to massage.
Contraindications for speech therapy massage
Contraindications to massage are:
- the presence of convulsions, convulsive readiness in history!
- epilepsy;
- feverish state;
- acute inflammatory processes;
- nosebleeds and tendency to them;
- conjunctivitis (inflammation of the connective membrane of the eyes);
- various diseases skin and scalp (infectious, fungal and unexplained etiology);
- diathesis and other allergic reactions;
- stomatitis or other oral infections;
- herpes on the lips;
- swollen lymph nodes;
- nausea, vomiting;
- excessive physical or mental fatigue.
Doubtful cases of prescribing speech therapy massage.
Often, speech therapy massage is prescribed for a child, with motor alalia, and even with autism. That is, in cases where the child does not have a violation of tone, and in general the innervation of the muscles of the speech apparatus. What in this case they want to correct with the help of speech therapy massage is not entirely clear.
Massage can help when it comes to correcting sound pronunciation (if the child distorts the sounds of his native language). If there is no speech, then the child will not speak from logomassage.
In the case of non-speaking children, they refer to the activation through massage of certain areas of the brain associated with speech. It must be understood that such a correction method must be taken along with non-traditional methods, for example, acupuncture.
Perhaps this approach will bring some benefit in combination with other methods. However, it cannot be used as the main one, or even one of the main ones.
Unfortunately, it is not uncommon for speech therapists to make speech therapy massage difficult for children in a corrective plan just because they don’t really know what they really need to do with them.
Especially speech therapy massage is loved in clinics. Especially since the procedure is significant in the eyes of parents. Of the 20 minutes of class, 15 are spent on massage. 
It is also impractical to do speech therapy massage without articulatory / mimic gymnastics or sound production following right behind it. Logopedic massage allows you to prepare articulatory organs for subsequent work. For example, a child has impaired lip mobility. The lip area is massaged, after which passive and active lip gymnastics immediately follows (necessary to form the way of certain sounds).
By analogy with muscles: before the main load, there is a “warm-up”. If you only warm up for 15 sessions, without the main training, then after such a “course” progress is unlikely to come.
Speech therapy massage is voluntary! 
For some reason, the child may not be emotionally ready for a massage. For example, the child already has negative associations with any medical manipulations (injections, medical examinations, etc.), or the baby does not want an unfamiliar aunt to get into his mouth. After all, massage can be painful, especially for people with a low pain threshold.
In this case, the speech therapist tries to prepare the child, to establish contact. But if this does not work, you should not force the massage.
If you take comfort in the fact that the child will cry for 15 minutes, but there will be an undoubted effect on speech, then I can assure you that it will be exactly the opposite. There will definitely be no benefit, but the harm can be different: even greater distrust of parents, speech therapists and classes.
In order for speech therapy massage to benefit a child, it should not be performed against his will! No way! If the child resists, he tenses up, which means that the massage is qualitatively impossible.
Miraculous massage
There is always a temptation to search for a “magic button”, when pressed, the child will lose all speech problems (and it would also be nice in behavior and health ...). Speech therapy massage can be of great help to us, but it is just one of the tools that will work well for correct application, and not "solo", but in combination with other methods of speech development.
After all, often the fact that the child’s speech is incomprehensible to others is not only to blame for the violation of the mobility of the articulatory organs. Simultaneously there may be an underdevelopment of phonemic hearing, and violations of the syllabic structure of the word, and the grammatical structure of speech.
That's why it's so important a systematic approach to the correction of speech and general development!
If problems with the tone of the articulatory organs in a child are pronounced, it may be worth supplementing speech therapy massage with a general massage aimed at normalizing the overall muscle tone.
If your child is scheduled for speech therapy massage…
Try to find out in detail why the massage is prescribed (what exactly is not working for the child in terms of articulation - raising the tongue, pulling the lips into a tube, etc.), for what (what exactly do we want to achieve with the help of massage), what kind of massage will be performed ( relaxing or activating), whether it will be accompanied by articulatory gymnastics and / or setting specific sounds.
If the massage is not for the solution specific tasks, it is better to refuse the procedure. Even if it's free. And spend the freed time on activities that are more necessary for the development of your child's speech.
Also make sure that the specialist has not missed the presence of any of the above contraindications in the child.
If the appointment of logomassage is advisable, and it will be carried out by a qualified speech therapist, listen to his recommendations. You may need to duplicate certain exercises from articulatory gymnastics at home.
Speech therapy massage refers to one of the speech therapy techniques and is a method of mechanical action, due to which the state of the peripheral speech apparatus improves.
For severe speech disorders, speech therapy massage is used. It allows you to correct sound pronunciation, improves the condition of the voice, normalizes the tone of the muscles of the speech apparatus, and reduces the time for the formation of pronunciation. Even with severe neurological symptoms, the use of speech therapy massage gives good results.
Focus on the muscles of the cheeks, lips, tongue and soft palate. To select treatment tactics, the massage therapist must palpate the muscles before the session and pay attention to the condition of the muscles. shoulder girdle, neck, tongue, cheeks and lips.
Speech therapy massage has the following goals:
- Stimulation of colloquial speech with a delay in the development of the child
- Decreased salivation
- Reducing the hypertonicity of the muscles involved in articulation.
- Activation of muscles with insufficient contractility.
- Stimulation of kinesthetic sensations.
- Decrease in the degree of muscle motor disorders in concomitant movements, hyperkinesis, impaired coordination of movements.
- Creation of conditions for the development of voluntary movements of the articulatory apparatus.
- Increased elasticity of muscle fibers, contractile function.
Speech therapy massage for children
The position of the child during the session
Before carrying out speech therapy massage, in order to normalize muscle tone, you should choose the correct position for the child. The most optimal:
- The child is laid on his back, a small roller or a flat pillow is placed under the neck. The head should be slightly tilted back.
- You can massage in a chair with a high headrest.
- Small children are massaged in a stroller in a half-sitting position.
- It is advisable for children who are afraid to sit on their mother's lap.
Massage for low muscle tone
Speech therapy massage begins with the area of the upper shoulder girdle and neck. In this area, all movements are soft, light, embracing. At the same time, the purpose of the massage is to activate the muscles associated with the muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth. Movements must necessarily capture the floor of the mouth, since these muscles are directly connected with the root of the tongue.
Turning to the articulatory muscles, one should take into account the area that is less active in children. The accents in the study relate to those muscles that do not allow the child to make certain articulatory movements. For example, movement disorders can be localized in the region of the masticatory muscle, zygomatic muscles, and buccal muscles. In these areas, it is necessary to actively carry out movements.
The direction of massage movements from the center to the periphery. Classical massage techniques are used. The force of pressure should increase gradually. The pressure must not cause pain in children.
Massage technique
- Forehead area: longitudinal and transverse stroking.
- Stroking upper bound eye sockets.
- Stroking from the wings of the nose to the ears.
- strokes mandible from the chin to the ears.
- Spiral kneading of the zygomatic muscle.
- Kneading the buccal muscle (pinching, spiraling movements).
- Treatment of the buccal muscle on both sides. The masseur kneads the muscle with one finger from the inside, with the other fingers from the outside.
- Treatment of the labial muscles. Directions of movement: from the middle of the lip to the corners. The upper and lower lip are processed separately. Apply stroking, tingling lips.
- Treatment of the nasolabial fold.
- Application of vibration techniques (manual or hardware method).
In children with convulsive syndrome, vibrations are contraindicated!
Massage for increased muscle tone
Relaxing speech therapy massage is prescribed for children with increased tone of the articulatory muscles. When performing, the child chooses a pose in which tonic reflexes would be manifested to a lesser extent.
Muscle relaxation is achieved with light massage movements from the periphery to the center with a small pressure force. All movements are sliding. Lightly pressing. Repeat each 8 times. Slow movements reduce tissue excitability.
Massage technique
Begin by relaxing the muscles of the neck and shoulder girdle. Carry out massage and passive movements of the head. Holding the child's head, turn the head clockwise, then in the opposite direction. Slow head turns to one side and the other. Relaxation of the neck muscles helps to reduce the tone of the root of the tongue.
Relaxing massage facial muscles:
- Longitudinal and transverse stroking of the forehead
- Stroking the eye area.
- Stroking from the bridge of the nose along the upper edge of the eye sockets to the temples.
- Stroking from forehead to cheeks, chin, neck to collarbones.
- Stroking from the earlobes to the wings of the nose.
- Pinch-shaped stroking of the lower jaw.
- Pressure from the beginning of hair growth down over the entire surface of the face.
Relaxation of the muscles of the lips:
- Stroking the top and lower lip from corner to center.
- Each lip is processed separately.
- Stroking the upper lip from top to bottom.
- Stroking from bottom to top of the lower lip.
- Treatment of nasolabial folds in the direction from the wings of the nose to the corners of the mouth.
- Pressing on the lips with light rotational movements.
- Tapping lips with fingertips.
- Differential massage
In children, a mixed pattern of muscle tone disorders is often observed. In some muscle groups, the tone is increased, in others it is reduced. In this regard, a differential logopedic muscle massage is performed.
Conditions for speech therapy massage
The room should be comfortable and warm. Special requirements for the hands of a massage therapist. They should be warm, clean, without any inflammatory diseases, without ornaments, with short-cut nails. Massage is carried out 2 hours after eating. The oral cavity of the child before the session should be cleaned of crumbs and food debris.
Massage is prescribed in a course of 20 sessions. It is advisable to do it every day. After a month break, it is desirable to repeat the course. With severe speech disorders in children, the duration of the chicken increases.
Depending on the severity of speech disorders and the age of the child, the session can be from 5 to 25 minutes. The first session lasts 5 minutes. In the future, the duration of the massage is increased.
During the massage, the child should be calm, not feel pain and discomfort. Every child needs an approach. It should not be laid in a horizontal position from the first procedures. It is better to do the first session in a sitting position. Over time, children become addicted to massage.
If the child is negative, in the first procedure, perform only light massage movements on the facial muscles. You can conduct massage sessions in the presence of mom. Massage is effective only if children develop a sense of trust.
Massage contraindications
Massage is not prescribed for the following diseases:
- SARS, ARI.
- Herpes on the lip, face
- Inflammatory eye diseases
- Inflammation of the mouth
Carefully massage children with convulsive syndrome. If the child cries, breaks out and screams, the massage should be stopped and the child should be calmed down.
Speech therapy tongue massage for children
With an increased tone of the tongue, a speech therapy massage is performed for children using a relaxing technique, with a decrease in tone, a strengthening massage is performed. With hypotension, the techniques are more intense and active. With increased tone, before the procedure, it is advisable to hold a warm infusion of herbs in your mouth for some time.
Tongue massage for children can be carried out with a finger through a gauze napkin or with special probes. The finger must be in the fingertip. You can massage with a wooden or metal spatula.
Before starting a tongue massage, you should determine the border of the gag and pharyngeal reflex. The first sessions should treat the muscles of the tongue without reaching this limit. With each subsequent session, an increasing surface of the tongue is processed.
You can not carry out the procedure immediately after feeding. The child's mouth should be open with the tongue hanging out. The massage therapist fixes the tongue with a gauze napkin.
Speech therapy massage technique
- Gentle strokes are carried out in various directions.
- Impact on the longitudinal muscles from the root to the tip of the tongue.
- Impact on the transverse muscles of the tongue from the center to the edges.
- The movements are circular and spiral over the entire surface of the tongue.
- Patting the entire surface of the tongue.
- Pressing on the longitudinal muscles.
- Tongue frenulum massage. The direction of movement is from top to bottom.
- Massage through gauze. Perform rubbing movements.
Speech therapy massage at home
Before giving your child a speech therapy massage at home, you should consult with a speech therapist. Professional speech therapy massage includes language processing, which is performed using special probes. These devices can easily injure the delicate mucous membranes of the mouth. It is best to use a spatula or a toothbrush at home.
Speech therapy massage for children can be done at home if the child has no contraindications. This type of massage allows you to achieve better results in correcting the activity of the speech apparatus and is an important part of a set of measures to eliminate the manifestation of speech dysfunctions.
Speech therapy massage for children at home has the following goals:
- normalize general and articulatory muscle tone;
- reduce the manifestations of defects in the articulatory apparatus;
- form coordinated and voluntary movements articulatory organs.
Indications for speech therapy massage
Speech therapy massage for children at home is indicated for:
- disorders speech development;
- ineffectiveness of traditional speech therapy procedures;
- a number of diagnoses, which included dysarthria, delays in mental and speech development, phonetic and phonemic underdevelopment of speech.
Parents can conduct speech therapy massage for children themselves, after receiving a preliminary consultation from a specialist Restrictions in carrying out speech therapy massage are:
- capillary diseases;
- thrombotic vascular disease;
- acute respiratory infection;
- excessive tissue sensitivity;
- infected wounds;
- tonsillitis.
Speech therapy massage for dysarthria
Speech therapy massage for children at home helps with dysarthria, if traditional speech therapy methods do not bring the desired effect. In this case, massage is carried out in addition to the main speech therapy and neurological procedures.
With dysarthria, the muscles of the organs of the articulatory apparatus are inactive, and the pronunciation of words or sounds is difficult, therefore, a set of measures includes movements and exercises aimed at increasing the muscle tone of the tongue and adjacent organs involved in articulation.
The choice of exercises depends strictly on the state of muscle tone of the articulation zone.
In the early childhood dysarthria is successfully treated, which consists of a set of procedures: general strengthening physical education, reflexology, speech therapy massage. Massage of the tongue in case of illness can stimulate muscle tone and make the child's tongue more mobile and flexible, which simplifies the pronunciation of sounds and words; the technique of sound pronunciation changes.
In addition, speech therapy massage for children with dysarthria expands the range of articulatory functions, and the most difficult sounds become more accessible. The general positive effects of massage can also include improved blood circulation.
Before starting systematic procedures, it is necessary to consult a pediatrician and a neurologist in order to exclude contraindications and assess the overall performance of the organs involved in the articulation process. The duration of the sessions depends on the age of the child and the serial number of the massage procedure in the cycle.
So, for a child under 5 years old, the first massage procedure should not exceed 6 minutes, for children 5-7 years old - no more than 10 minutes.
Speech therapy massage for dysarthria is contraindicated in:
- infectious diseases of the oral cavity;
- labial herpes;
- gag reflex.
Massage is carried out in two main positions: lying and sitting. To begin with, you should do a little warm-up for the neck and facial muscles. Further, the event includes the rotation of the child's tongue in two directions: clockwise and counterclockwise.
Then, with the help of the index finger, twisting movements should be made, slightly stretching the tongue forward. In order to reach best result and to make the muscles of the tongue the most mobile, it is recommended to use special devices - speech therapy probes.
Massage for stuttering
Stuttering in children is usually associated with neurotic or physiological problems. In addition to articulatory gymnastics, general strengthening exercises, speech therapy massage is successfully used. The massaged area includes the upper back and chest, neck, shoulders and head.
According to the types of impact, segmental massage is distinguished, which consists in massaging the articulatory muscles, and acupressure(acupressure), affecting biologically active zones.
Segmental massage includes the following manipulations:
- stroking, starting and ending the session;
- rubbing, which activates blood circulation and stimulates metabolic processes in the body;
- kneading, activating muscle processes;
- vibration affecting muscle tone;
- pressing, stimulating metabolic processes.
Acupressure for stuttering affects the speech center, reducing its excitability. This is one of the most suitable types of massage at home, requiring only a short internship with a specialist. Acupressure works like acupuncture. Fingers are pressed with different strengths on the points located in the forearm area, cervical and faces.
It is necessary to carry out 12 massage sessions within three weeks.
Speech therapy massage for children with stuttering at home is carried out in addition to a set of measures aimed at eliminating the disease (general strengthening procedures, professional help from a psychotherapist to identify the causes of stuttering).
Massage for ZRR
Speech therapy massage for children at home can help children with delayed speech development. It is usually shown to older children preschool age whose articulation skills are not age appropriate. But You can start doing speech therapy massage for a child from infancy.
In this case, speech therapy massage will have a general therapeutic effect, will have a beneficial effect on the nervous system, which can serve as a powerful incentive for the development of articulation skills. Massage consists of actions aimed at points of the face, mouth and neck.; exercises take place in a relaxed atmosphere in the form of a game.
Regular classes include a complex of massage movements that differ in intensity.
Massage technique:
| Zone | movements | Multiplicity of execution |
| Lips | Intensive kneading with fingers in the direction from the middle of the mouth to the cheeks Vibration and tapping with fingertips | 5 |
| Neck | Turning the head from left to right, forward and backward gentle stroking | 6 |
| Language | light stroking Light vibration and tapping stretching | 6 |
Speech therapy massage for cerebral palsy
When working with children with cerebral palsy, the following types of speech therapy massage are most acceptable:
- Classical
- dotted
Tasks of speech therapy massage for children with cerebral palsy:
- act on nerves and muscles to stimulate development nervous system;
- stimulate motor activity;
- improve autonomic function;
- improve blood circulation.
motor alalia
With the help of massage with motor alalia, you can achieve the following results:
- improvement of the articulatory apparatus;
- decreased muscle tone;
- coordination of the movement of the muscles of the face and tongue;
- increased tissue sensitivity;
- reduction in salivation.
Massage is carried out with fingers; its duration is 10-20 sessions. The technique includes tapping on the lips, pressure, circular movements along the cheeks.
Paresis
Massage for paresis facial nerve is prescribed after the patient undergoes a thorough examination, including consultations with a neurologist, ophthalmologist, therapist. IN this case massage is prescribed in combination with therapeutic exercises. Facial massage with paresis improves blood circulation on the affected side of the face, restores muscle function, and prevents contractures.
A feature of massage in this disease is that it is necessary to increase the muscle tone of the articulatory muscles. The first week of sessions is carried out only on the healthy part of the face. At the second stage, the actions are redirected to the side of the lesion, while limiting movements for the healthy area of the face.
Apply rubbing and kneading massage movements.
Acceptable methods in this case include:
- stroking;
- very light vibrations;
- light friction;
- gentle stretching.
FFNR
Children suffering from phonetic-phonemic underdevelopment are also at risk of dyslexia and dysgraphia, so it is important to start a set of measures in a timely manner, including home massage. With FFNR, sounds are distorted, replaced, omitted; sounds are poorly distinguished in the speech stream.
Speech therapy massage for children, carried out at home, is able to make articulation clearer, set and automate pronunciation. This type of massage does not require special speech therapy tools. A tablespoon is used, less often - Toothbrush.
Spoon massage technique for phonetic and phonemic underdevelopment:
- stroking along the tongue with the convex side;
- pressure on the central part of the tongue with the inside;
- rolling from the base to the tip of the tongue;
- pushes with a convex part from side to side;
- tapping with the tip of a spoon.
Features of massage at home
When conducting corrective speech therapy work with a child with a speech disorder, speech therapy massage acts as an addition to classes with a speech therapist, defectologist, reflexology and drug therapy. To carry out the procedure of speech therapy massage at home, you should consult a speech therapist or undergo a short-term internship.
The peculiarity of the massage at home is that no speech therapy devices (probes) are used.
At home, massage can be done with toothbrushes or spoons of different sizes. It should be noted that such procedures cannot be carried out daily, as excessive irritation or even damage to the mucous membrane and tissues is possible. Speech therapists recommend massage with spoons and brushes every other day.
The procedure is carried out in a ventilated room in a comfortable environment for the child. After eating, at least two hours should pass.
Warm-up before speech therapy massage
The goals of the warm-up before speech therapy massage are:
- creating an emotional mood;
- warming up the muscles before massage;
- preparation of the speech apparatus for massage;
- stimulation of blood circulation;
- activation of metabolic processes.
The warm-up is carried out for several minutes daily. Speech therapy workout consists of breathing exercises, logarithmic tasks to activate mimic muscles. An exercise that stimulates the child's facial expressions is an imitation game.
Video with an example of an exercise for the development of facial expressions:
The child portrays the characters set by the speech therapist or parent, using facial expressions. Gymnastics for the articulatory apparatus is also an element of speech therapy warm-up. The child is invited to do exercises that warm up the muscles of the face.
Gymnastics actions include: retraction of the cheeks, a wide smile, movements of the lips and tongue.
Types of speech therapy massage:
- classical massage; consists in two types of influence: relaxing and exciting;
- acupressure type of massage; affects those parts of the body where nerve endings and blood vessels are concentrated;
- hardware massage; requires the use of vibration and vacuum tools;
- probe type; carried out with the help of speech therapy probes;
- spoon massage; carried out using table, tea, children's silicone spoons.
- brush massage; carried out using parts of a toothbrush.
Classic speech therapy massage
The classic methods include 4 main actions: rubbing, vibration, kneading and light stroking. The choice of techniques depends on the purpose of the massage. If the goal is to relax the muscles, then stroking is used. If it is required to activate the work of the articulatory muscles, then the massage is carried out with energetic and intense vibrations, rubbing, kneading.
Massage is carried out both with fingers and massage spatulas, nipples.
Hardware massage
The goals of this massage complex are:
- elimination of the manifestation of speech dysfunctions, motor alalia, delays in speech development;
- normalization of muscle tone;
- improving the pronunciation skills of the articulatory apparatus.
Hardware speech therapy massage at home requires speech therapy massagers that act on tissues with high frequency vibrations. These instruments have removable parts and are able to have both a relaxing and activating effect on the muscles of the organs of the speech apparatus.
The results of hardware speech therapy massage are longer than with manual massage.
Acupressure
The purpose of acupressure speech therapy massage is to influence the acupuncture zones (BAP). Biologically active points contain accumulations of nerve endings, the massage stimulation of which causes a response. To detect active zones and points, you should slide over the massage area with sliding movements.
Pulsation serves as evidence of BAP detection.
If muscle tone is increased, an inhibitory type of massage is used. with a relaxing effect. In this case, smoothing movements are made with the fingertips. If the tone is reduced, then a stimulating type of massage is indicated. Rhythmic and energetic movements produce pressure and rubbing of the active point.
Probe massage
The author of the technique is E.V. Novikova has developed 8 speech therapy probes, with the help of which the speech therapist acts on the main areas of the face: lips, tongue, cheekbones and cheeks. Probes come in different shapes, functions and effects. Using a set of probes, you can activate and relax muscles, relieve spasms, increase or decrease muscle tone.
Probe massage has a beneficial effect on the speech and nervous system of the child.
Toothbrush massage
This type massage consists in the massage effects of a speech therapist on the child's tongue with the help of an individual toothbrush and napkin. The child's tongue is fixed with a napkin, and the toothbrush massages the tongue. The movements are accompanied by poetry reading and fairy tale therapy.
Such a massage is indicated for children with weak muscles and low tone of the tongue. At home, such a massage serves as an alternative to probe speech therapy massage. It is important to massage the longitudinal muscles and the transverse muscle of the tongue.
Spoon massage
Spoon massage - effective way correction of speech defects. This type of massage is carried out by a speech therapist or a parent with the participation of the child himself. The child is given 2 spoons in both hands, and he repeats the movements shown by adults. All exercises are performed under the reading of verses.
The poem contains instructions, describes the order and method of performing the exercise. Movements include rubbing, pressing, tapping various parts spoons (handle, convex side, inner side)
home massage results
Speech therapy massage for children, produced at home, can cause a favorable change in the state of the muscular system.
There is also progress in the development of the child's nervous system. If speech therapy massage is performed for children with speech disorders, there is an activation of muscles that previously had insufficient contractile strength; with spasms and increased tone, a pronounced relaxing effect is observed.
Article formatting: E. Chaikina
A useful video clip about speech therapy massage for children
The plot of effective acupressure for the development of speech in a child with cerebral palsy:
For children with significant speech disorders (alalia, dysarthria, dyslalia due to a shortened hyoid frenulum, etc.), only articulatory and breathing exercises. Need speech therapy massage.
Taking as a basis the system of massage Arkhipova E.F. for children with cerebral palsy and the knowledge gained in regular therapeutic massage, I have prepared detailed material, both for specialists, teachers, and for parents of children with severe speech disorders. This will greatly facilitate the correction of sound pronunciation and will achieve certain results.
Currently, to correct speech disorders in my classes, I use different kinds logomassage. I introduce parents to the methodology and technique of speech therapy massage, for further massage at home. The recommendations also provide indications for the use of massage for various speech disorders, systematize the techniques of speech therapy massage.
Massage of the articulatory apparatus and articulatory
exercise not only improves motor function
lagging brain systems, but also involve
nearby brain systems.
M. E. Khvattsev
About speech therapy massage
— active method mechanical action that changes the state of muscles, nerves, blood vessels and tissues of the peripheral speech apparatus. Speech therapy massage is one of the speech therapy techniques that contribute to the normalization of the pronunciation side of speech and emotional state people with speech disorders.
Massage is used for dysarthria (there are violations of muscle tone), including its erased forms, stuttering, as well as voice disorders.
The benefits of massage
Massage has a beneficial physiological effect on the body. Massage improves the secretory function of the skin, activates its lymph and blood circulation. And consequently, it improves its nutrition, increases metabolic processes. Under the influence of massage, capillaries expand, gas exchange between blood and tissues increases (oxygen therapy of tissues). Rhythmic massage movements facilitate the movement of blood through the arteries, accelerate the outflow of venous skin.
Massage has a reflex effect on the whole lymphatic system, improving the function lymphatic vessels. The state of the muscular system changes significantly under the influence of massage. First of all, the elasticity of muscle fibers, the strength and volume of their contractile function, muscle performance increase, their activity is restored after exercise.
Differentiated use of various methods of speech therapy massage allows you to lower the tone with muscle spasticity, and vice versa, increase it with flaccid paresis of the articulatory muscles. This helps the formation and implementation of active voluntary, coordinated movements of the organs of articulation.
Speech therapy massage is performed after.
There is a complex relationship between the force of impact during massage and the response of the body. With light, slow stroking, the excitability of the massaged tissues decreases.
The effectiveness of speech therapy massage
Speech therapy massage has a general positive effect on the body as a whole, causing favorable changes in the nervous and muscular systems, which play a major role in the speech-motor process.
In children with speech disorders receiving speech therapy massage, there is:
- Normalization of muscle tone of the general, mimic and articulatory muscles,
- Reducing the manifestation of paresis and paralysis of the muscles of the articulatory apparatus,
- Reduction of pathological motor manifestations of the muscles of the speech apparatus (synkinesia, hyperkinesis, convulsions, etc.),
- Increase in volume and amplitude of articulatory movements,
- Activation of those muscle groups of the peripheral speech apparatus that had insufficient contractile activity,
- Formation of arbitrary coordinated movements of the organs of articulation.
Tasks of speech therapy massage
The main tasks of speech therapy massage are:
Normalization of muscle tone of the articulatory apparatus (in more severe cases - a decrease in the degree of manifestation of motor defects of the articulatory muscles: spastic paresis, hyperkinesis, ataxia, synkinesis);
Activation of those muscle groups of the peripheral speech apparatus in which there was insufficient contractility (or the inclusion in the process of articulation of new muscle groups that were previously inactive);
Stimulation of proprioceptive sensations;
Preparation of conditions for the formation of arbitrary, coordinated movements of the organs of articulation;
Reducing hypersalivation;
Strengthening the pharyngeal reflex;
Afferentation to the speech zones of the cerebral cortex (to stimulate speech development with a delay in the formation of speech).
Contraindications for speech therapy massage
Contraindications for speech therapy massage are infectious diseases(including SARS, influenza), skin diseases, herpes on the lip, stomatitis, conjunctivitis. With great care, massage should be used in children with episyndrome (convulsions), especially if the child cries, screams, breaks out of his hands, his nasolabial “triangle” “turns blue” or chin tremor is noted.
Logomassage is carried out in a warm, well-ventilated room. Usually massage is recommended to be carried out in cycles of 10-15-20 sessions, preferably every day or every other day. After a break of 1-2 months, the cycle can be repeated. Under certain circumstances, when massage cannot be done frequently and regularly, it can be carried out for a longer time, but less often.
The duration of one procedure may vary depending on the age of the child, the severity of speech impairment, individual features etc. The initial duration of the first sessions is from 1-2 to 5-6 minutes, and the final one is from 15 to 20 minutes. IN early age massage should not exceed 10 minutes, in junior preschool - 15 minutes, in senior preschool and school age- 25 minutes.
Correct body position during speech therapy massage
Before starting a massage session, the child's body must be brought into the correct position. The correct posture contributes to the normalization of muscle tone (usually - relaxation), makes breathing more free.
With speech therapy massage, the following positions are most optimal:
- In the supine position, a small roller is placed under the child's neck, which allows you to slightly raise your shoulders and tilt your head back; arms extended along the body; at the same time, the legs lie freely or are somewhat bent at the knees (you can also put a roller under the child’s knees);
- The child is in a half-sitting position in a chair with a high headrest;
- The child is in a half-sitting position in a reclining highchair or a seated stroller.
The main types of speech therapy massage:
Classic manual massage.
Therapeutic classical massage- is applied without taking into account the reflex effect and is carried out near the damaged area of the body or directly on it. The main techniques of manual classical massage are: stroking, rubbing, kneading and vibration.
To perform these techniques when massaging the tongue, speech therapists often use toothbrushes with soft bristles, spatulas, nipples, etc.
Acupressure- a kind of therapeutic massage, when locally they act in a relaxing or stimulating way on biologically active points (zones) according to the indications for a disease or dysfunction.
Hardware massage carried out with the help of vibration, vacuum and other devices.
Probe massage(according to the method of Novikova E.V.)
Novikova E.V. created her own set of probes and developed a special massage of the tongue, lips, cheeks, cheekbones, soft palate with their help. The purpose of probe massage is the normalization of speech motor skills. The method is simple and effective. It makes it possible to purposefully influence the affected areas of the articulatory organs, activating and restoring their activity. Normalization of sound pronunciation is faster.
Self-massage.
The definition of massage follows from its name. The child does the massage himself. This can be either a face massage with your hands, or, for example, a tongue massage with the help of teeth (an articulatory exercise “Let's comb the tongue”, when the child pushes the tongue with force through closed teeth).
Recommendations for performing speech therapy massage
1. Relaxing massage of the articulatory muscles.
It is used in case of increased tone (spasticity) in the speech muscles (in the facial, labial, lingual muscles).
Carrying out facial massage contributes not only to the formation of mimic means of communication, but also to the development of the oral sphere, which is necessary for the normal nutrition of the child and the subsequent development of speech.
Important: Give the child positions in which pathological tonic reflexes would be minimally manifested or not manifested at all.
Relaxation of the neck muscles (passive head movements).
Before starting a relaxing massage of the articulatory muscles, especially in the case of a significant increase in the muscle tone of the upper shoulder girdle and neck, it is necessary to achieve relaxation of these muscles.
The position of the child on the back or half-sitting, the head hangs back a little:
a) with one hand to support the child's neck from behind, with the other to make circular movements of the head, first clockwise, then counterclockwise;
b) with slow, smooth movements, turn the child's head in one direction and the other, shake it forward (3-5 times).
Relaxation of the cervical muscles causes some relaxation of the root of the tongue. Relaxation of the oral muscles is achieved by light stroking, patting the muscles of the face, lips, neck, tongue. Movements are carried out with two hands in the direction from the periphery to the center. Movements should be light, sliding, slightly pressing, but not stretching the skin. Each movement is repeated 5-8 times.
Relaxation of the facial muscles:
Stroking from the middle of the forehead to the temples;
stroking from the eyebrows to the scalp;
stroking from the forehead line around the eyes;
stroking the eyebrows from the bridge of the nose to the sides to the edge of the hair, continuing the line of the eyebrows;
stroking from the forehead line down through the entire face along the cheeks, chin and neck;
stroking from the bottom edge auricle(from the earlobes) along the cheeks to the wings of the nose;
light pinching movements along the edge of the lower jaw;
pressure massage of the face from the roots of the hair down.
Relaxation of the labial muscles:
Stroking the upper lip from the corners of the mouth to the center;
stroking the lower lip from the corners of the mouth to the center;
stroking the upper lip (moving from top to bottom);
stroking the lower lip (movement from bottom to top);
stroking the nasolabial folds from the wings of the nose to the corners of the lips;
acupressure of the lips (lungs rotational movements clockwise);
light tapping of lips with fingers.
With asymmetry of the facial muscles, articulatory massage is carried out with hypercorrection of the affected side, that is, on it more massage movements.
2. Stimulating massage of the articulatory muscles.
It is carried out with muscle hypotension in order to strengthen muscle tone.
Techniques: Energetic and fast movements.
Massage movements are carried out from the center to the periphery. Strengthening of the facial muscles is carried out by stroking, rubbing, kneading, pinching, vibration. After 4-5 light movements, their strength increases. They become pressing, but not painful. The movements are repeated 8-10 times.
Strengthening the facial muscles:
Stroking the forehead from the middle to the temples;
stroking the forehead from the eyebrows to the hair;
eyebrow stroking;
stroking the eyelids from the inner to the outer corners of the eyes and to the sides;
stroking the cheeks from the nose to the ears and from the chin to the ears;
squeezing the chin with rhythmic movements;
kneading the zygomatic and buccal muscles (spiral movements along the zygomatic and buccal muscles);
rubbing of the buccal muscle (index finger in the mouth, the rest outside);
pinching of the cheeks.
Strengthening of the lip muscles:
Stroking from the middle of the upper lip to the corners;
stroking from the middle of the lower lip to the corners;
stroking the nasolabial folds from the corners of the lips to the wings of the nose;
tingling of the lips;
slight tingling of the lips.
3. Massage of the lingual muscles.
Perform massage lying down before meals or 1.5-2 hours after meals for 5 minutes.
Gum massage begins with movements in a horizontal direction on one side of the gum. This increases salivation, so after 2-4 weakening movements, the child should be allowed to swallow saliva. Then the same massage is performed on the other side of the gum. Next, the gums are massaged with vertical movements.
The palate is massaged with a finger along the midline, starting from the front with a slight elevation of the soft palate. This movement is repeated 10-15 times. During the massage, the child can pronounce the vowels A and E.
The tongue is massaged in the direction from front to back to the zone of manifestation of the gag reflex. In this case, stroking, light patting, vibration is carried out for 15 seconds.
Massage to relax the muscles of the tongue:
Acupressure in the region of the submandibular fossa, which is carried out for 15 seconds, vibrating movements with the index finger under the lower jaw;
Vibration with two index fingers of both hands at the angles of the jaw (15 seconds).
Movements are used straight, spiral, circular, while holding the tongue with the fingers of one hand, and with the fingers of the other to perform massage movements. They should be directed to:
From the middle of the tongue to its tip and back.
- From the center of the tongue to the left and right ("Christmas tree"),
- From the left edge of the tongue to the right and vice versa (across the tongue),
- Rolling the finger over the tongue in different directions,
- Pinching and stretching of the edges of the tongue.
- Stroking the tongue from the hyoid frenulum to the tip of the tongue and back.
Work to overcome salivation
1. Teach children to chew well - at first with their heads thrown back.
2. Teach to suck saliva and swallow saliva more often in one push,
especially before exercise.
3. Rotate the tongue in front of the mouth, then swallow the saliva.
We wish you success!!!
Speech therapy massage of the lingual muscles with speech accompaniment
Tongue massage we accompany the reading of nursery rhymes, tongue twisters, poems. The movements of the fingers imitate the events and actions taking place in the poem. This distracts the child from possible discomfort.
"Rain": point tapping with the index finger along the edges of the tongue clockwise, then against it.
Rain, rain, more fun
Drip, drip, don't be sorry!
Just don't get us wet!
Don't knock on the window
- Spray in the forest field:
The grass will get thicker.
"Road": hold the tip of the tongue with the thumb and forefinger of one hand, slide up and down the side edges of the tongue with the thumb and forefinger of the second hand.
Uphill road from the city
And from the city - from the mountain.
From the village the road from the mountain,
And in the village - uphill.
"Legs and legs": point pressing with the index finger (slightly vibrating) on the tongue from the root of the tongue to the tip, then from the tip to the root.
Big feet
We walked along the road: Top, top, top, Top, top, top.
small feet
We ran along the track: Top, top, top, Top, top, top.
"Firewood": with a horizontally lying index finger, perform transverse chopping and patting movements.
In the yard - grass,
On the grass - firewood:
One firewood, two firewood, three firewood.
Don't cut wood
On the grass of the yard!
"Wolf": the tongue is raised on upper lip. Massage (knead, press) the sublingual region with your thumbs.
It's raining, it's raining.
The wolf hid under the horsetail.
Tail under horsetail
And in the rain.
"Puppy": grind the lateral edges of the tongue lengthwise between the index and thumb of one hand.
I brush my puppy.
I tickle his sides.
"Soap": rub the tongue between the thumb and forefinger - circular motions.
Sweet Mila
Washed with soap.
Soaped up, washed away
- So Mila washed herself.
"Chatterbox": perform spiral movements with the index finger from the middle of the tongue to the edges clockwise, then against it; then the same movements from the edge of the tongue to its middle in different directions.
little babbler
Milk chatted, chatted,
Chatted, chatted
Don't blurt out.
"Sheep": hold the front edge of the tongue with your thumbs and forefingers. Perform turns (twisting) of the tongue to the left - to the right.
The ram's horns
Twisted - Twisted
Turned - turned over.
"Accordion": index and thumbs hands hold the lateral edges of the tongue. Stretch (flatten) the tongue at the same time in different sides, then squeeze to the middle - an imitation of playing the harmonica.
Cheerful Paramoshka
Plays the harmonica.
"Wasp": press the index finger on the middle of the tongue 8 - 10 times.
The wasp has already stung.
I'm terribly sorry for him.
"Snake": perform snake-like movements with the index finger from the root of the tongue to its tip, then from the tip to the root.
The snake crawls on the grass
The snake is carrying gifts:
Snake and snake
Green trousers.
"Drum": perform longitudinal patting movements with horizontally lying index fingers.
Happy ram
- The ram has a drum,
And the ram drums on the drum,
The ram drums into the drum.
And the ram rattled, pounded
- Suddenly the drum broke!
"Lightning": move the index finger from side to side lengthwise and zigzag from the root of the tongue to the tip, and vice versa, from the tip of the tongue to the root.
Lightning flashes brightly
Clouds of arrows are sent.
The sky is on fire
Sparks rain down.
"Grapes": with the thumb and forefinger, perform sliding movements along the edges of the tongue from the root to the tip and back.
On Mount Ararat
Varvara vomits grapes.
"Broom": with the index finger, perform "sweeping" movements to the right, then to the left.
Valya sweeps with a broom,
Valya sings a song:
- I'm throwing, throwing, throwing,
I don't want to be sloppy!
"Pies": the child smiles, sticks a wide flat tip of the tongue between the front teeth, bites the tongue slightly from the tip to the middle.
Ate well done
Thirty three
Pirogue,
Yes, with cottage cheese.
"Herringbone": with thumbs and forefingers, perform sliding herringbone movements from the center of the tongue to the edges from top to bottom.
The Forest Raised a Christmas Tree,
She grew up in the forest.
Slim in winter and summer
Green was.
"Geese": pinch your tongue with your thumb and forefinger.
spank in single file
Goose after goose.
Look down on
Goose on goose.
Oh, pluck the sides
Goose at the goose.
Combination of several massage movements
"Chicken": perform movements in accordance with the text of the poem.
The hen went out for a walk
Pinch fresh herbs. Point prickling of the tongue with the index finger.
And behind her chickens
- Little boys.
- Co-co-co, co-co-co,
Don't go far.
Row with your paws,
Look for grains.
Sliding scraping movements from the middle of the tongue to the edges.
"Borscht": perform movements in accordance with the text of the poem.
Borya cooked borscht, cooked
Yes, I didn’t. Circular movements of the index finger in the center of the tongue.
Borya salted borscht, salted
Yes, unsalted. Pinching the tongue with the index and thumb of one hand.
Tolya borscht cooked, cooked
Yes, I digested it. Circular finger movements.
Tolya borscht salted, salted
Yes, I overdid it. Pinching tongue.
Massage aimed at stretching the hyoid frenulum
"Mole": perform movements in accordance with the text of the poem.
There is a hill in the yard, With index and thumb fingers, pull the tongue down by the tip.
Under the mountain mink. With index and thumbs, pull the tongue up by the tip.
In this hole
The mole guards the mink. index finger with force to stroke the hyoid frenulum from the bottom up, stretching it.
Terekhina Elena Alexandrovna, ( 7
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Speech problems in a child can be a pathology or a variant of the norm. If the violations are pronounced or persist into adulthood (from 3 years), it is necessary to resort to therapy. The basis of treatment are classes with a speech therapist and massage treatments. Speech therapy massage for children at home is combined with other methods of therapy.
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In what cases does it apply
Massage is used for prevention and full treatment.
Indications for the use of physiotherapy:
- speech defects that have arisen as an independent disease or a symptom of another pathology;
- dysarthria;
- stuttering associated with muscle hypertonicity;
- salivation from the mouth in adulthood;
- decreased muscle tone.
Classes with a professional are shown to everyone without exception. It is advisable to work on the development of the speech apparatus for several months.
Conditions for speech therapy massage
If the child is 3 years old or more, it must be occupied with active games. In the room you need to create favorable conditions, it must be clean and ventilated. The massager's hands should be warm and clean. The procedure is carried out 2 hours after eating. The first session lasts no more than 5 minutes, after which the duration of the massage is increased.
You can massage the tongue with your hands only with gloves. Hand massage is preferable if performed by a professional. The specialist uses more elements and correctly affects the muscles.
Speech therapy massage for children at home should be carried out after consultation with a specialist. In addition, you will need to visit a doctor regularly to monitor and adjust treatment.
During therapy, use different ways and techniques to find out the most suitable one. Serious pathologies require complex action. The use of physiotherapy together with other methods of speech therapy allows you to achieve good results in treatment. In physiotherapy, a measure must be observed, since too frequent massage capable of doing harm. Parents who, for whatever reason, cannot perform the procedures should visit a specialist. After the elimination of the main defects, it is desirable to continue classes with a speech therapist for prevention and achievement of great results.
Techniques
The differences between different methods are in the way of carrying out massage actions, their intensity, duration and other nuances. Because of this, the efficiency various methods varies with different pathologies.
There are methods:
- Novikova;
- Dyakova;
- Krause;
- Prikhodko.
The goal of any method is the same - to influence the language, as well as other important speech elements.
Namely:
- cheeks;
- hands;
- lips;
- earlobes.
During the massage, different massage elements are used:
- pressure;
- rubbing;
- vibrations;
- stroking.
With hypotension
If parents want to treat hypotension at home, then the following principles should be followed:
- all actions should be aimed at activating muscle fibers;
- it is necessary to massage not only the tongue, but also the muscles of the shoulder girdle.
The technique of speech therapy massage by Dyakova E.A. is suitable, according to which it is recommended to perform actions in a certain sequence:
- First, you need to massage the facial muscles.
- Then go to the lips, tongue, neck.
- It is necessary to finish with the muscles of the shoulder girdle. During the procedure, stroking and point pressure are used. This effect will help get rid of hypotension.
With hypertension
With hypertonicity, the task is to relax all the muscles. Light and sliding movements are used. Point pressure is excluded. The procedure is relaxing and performed in a comfortable position.
The objects of the procedure are:
- language;
- facial muscles;
- lips.
It is advisable to massage all parts of the body that suffer from hypertonicity. Complex massage is required for children with cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy requires constant therapy and monitoring by specialists. This condition is often accompanied by increased muscle tone. Regular physical therapy can significantly reduce the symptoms of the disease.
Massage methods
Spoons
Massage can be carried out with ordinary spoons. With their help, an adult child will be able to perform some actions independently. If the baby is already a year old, parents can start using a light massage with spoons.
Spoons affect almost all parts of the face.
Namely:
- facial muscles;
- lips;
- language;
- cheeks.
Some exercises will require 2 spoons.
Massage with their help helps to fight both hypotonicity and hypertonicity. Pressing and rubbing are used. Applying 2 spoons at once, it is possible to influence the symmetrical area on the other side of the face.
For exposure, the inner, side and outer sides of the spoon are used. With proper skills, they manage to massage the points associated with the speech apparatus. It must be washed thoroughly before use.
How to use spoons correctly, you can watch the video from kvitoksh2.
Toothbrush
Massage actions with a toothbrush are simple and easy to perform, great for massaging the tongue. With its help, you need to do light pressure or rubbing.
For children with developmental speech problems, toothbrushing is the preferred treatment option. All elements of massage are clear and can be performed at home.
The procedure is as follows:
- A baby toothbrush with soft bristles is being prepared. For infants, you need to select a specialized brush.
- It is advisable to put gauze pads under the tongue. In children, a lot of saliva is secreted during massage.
- The procedure should be effortless. It is necessary to make circular movements without strong pressure.
- During massage actions, make sure that the child is relaxed. He should not strain and move his tongue and lips.
Speech therapy hand and face massage
The greatest attention will need to be focused on the fingers, cheeks and lips.
You can do the following:
- pressing on the fingertips 4-10 times;
- massaging the palms;
- massaging the upper notch of the lip;
- alternating pinching of the upper and lower lips;
- stroking and pinching cheeks from nose to ears.
Additionally, you will need to regularly engage in mental development.
