Chlorhexidine bigluconate - instructions for rinsing the mouth and throat. Chlorhexidine bigluconate: why, when and how is the remedy used? Aqueous solution of chlorhexidine

Update: October 2018

Chlorhexidine is a popular drug, a local antiseptic, which is successfully used as a universal disinfectant and antimicrobial agent, and is especially popular in the post-Soviet countries.

The chemical compound chlorhexidine was discovered in the UK in 1950, and already in 1954 the first skin antiseptic based on this substance appeared. In the future, the substance began to be added to urological lubricants, catheters, implants, overalls of medical personnel were impregnated with it. Included in a number of mouthwashes and toothpastes. Widely used in veterinary medicine.

It is noteworthy that during the period of commercial use and numerous studies of chlorhexidine, the possibility of the formation of chlorhexidine-resistant microorganisms has not been confirmed. However, the use of Chlorhexidine is capable of causing bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The drug belongs to the group of budget medicines remains accessible to the general public.

Farmgroup: antiseptic for local use.

Composition, physical and chemical properties, price

The drug is present on the pharmaceutical market in several dosage forms, each of which is characterized by its scope. In addition to the preparations described below, registered in Russia, there are creams, gels, ointments with a similar active ingredient.

Solution 0.05% (chlorhexidine aqueous solution)	Spray	Candles (commercial name - hexicon)
Base substance: 0.5 mg of chlorhexidine bigluconate in 1 ml of solution	25 mg chlorhexidine solution 20% in 1 vial	16 mg chlorhexidine bigluconate in 1 supp.
Excipients: Water purified to the required volume	Ethyl alcohol 95% - 718.5 ml; purified water, until a solution volume of 1 l is obtained	Polyethylene oxide 400, polyethylene oxide 1500
Physiochemical properties: Liquid, clear solution	Colorless, transparent, sometimes slightly opalescent liquid with an alcoholic odor	Vaginal suppositories are white or yellowish in color, torpedo-shaped, the surface is slightly marbled.
Packaging, price: Issued in various types packaging (plastic, glass bottles), with or without dispensers. Price: 0.05% solution 100 ml: 10-15 rubles.	70 and 100 ml in bottles / vials with a nozzle or a cap with a sprayer. Price 100 ml: 98 rubles.	1 or 5 supp. In cell contour packaging. 1, 2 packs in a pack. Price: No. 10 - 270-280 rubles.

pharmachologic effect

The instructions for use of chlorhexidine indicate that the drug has a local antiseptic effect, mostly bactericidal. Changes the properties and composition of cell membranes of microorganisms. Cations formed during the dissociation of salts active ingredient, begin to react with the membrane of bacterial cells, which has negative charge. The lipophilic groups of the antiseptic contribute to the disaggregation of the membrane of microorganisms, which has a lipoprotein structure, and lead to osmotic imbalance, loss of phosphorus and potassium from the bacterial cell. Destruction of the cytoplasmic membrane eventually leads to the death of bacteria.

Chlorhexidine bigluconate solution is effective against a wide range of microorganisms: Trichomonas vaginalis, Bacteroides fragilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Chlamidia spp., Treponema pallidum, Ureaplasma spp. It has a moderate effect on individual strains of Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus spp. Viruses (except for the herpes virus) and fungal spores are resistant to the drug.

Has a long antibacterial effect, can be used for antiseptic treatment operating field and the hands of the surgeon, because after treatment the active substance remains for some time on the skin. It retains antimicrobial activity in a purulent environment, blood, but the effectiveness is somewhat reduced.

Pharmacokinetics

Local application does not have a systemic effect - the drug is not absorbed into the bloodstream.

Indications

Solution

Application in gynecology:

• trichomonas colpitis;
• itching of the vulva;
• cervical erosion;
• prevention of sexually transmitted diseases: gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, syphilis, chlamydia, ureaplasmosis.

In dentistry and ENT practice:

• gingivitis;
• aphthae;
• stomatitis;
• alveolitis;
• periodontitis;
• disinfection of prostheses (partially removable, removable);
• angina;
• postoperative hygiene in dental and ENT departments.

As a local antiseptic for:

• treatment of wounds, including burn surfaces;
• disinfection of the skin, including the surgical field;
• treatment of the hands of medical staff, surgeon;

It is also used for disinfection of work surfaces, equipment, devices, thermometers that do not allow heat treatment.

Spray

• Hygienic treatment of the hands of a surgeon and other medical staff in institutions of various profiles;
• Processing of the skin area of ​​the injection, surgical fields, elbow folds (skin) of donors;
• Disinfection of small surfaces of medical products (for example, ENT, dental instruments) for infections of various etiologies (bacterial, fungal, viral) in health facilities;
• Hygienic treatment of the skin of the hands of catering workers, Food Industry, utilities.

suppositories

• Prevention of sexually transmitted diseases: syphilis, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis, gonorrhea, genital herpes;
• Prevention of infectious and inflammatory complications in gynecology and obstetrics (before childbirth, abortion, surgical treatment, before and after the installation of the intrauterine device, before and after diathermocoagulation (cauterization) of the cervix, before performing an intrauterine examination;
• Treatment of bacterial vaginosis;
• Therapy of colpitis (including mixed, Trichomonas, non-specific).

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to the active or auxiliary components.
• dermatitis, allergic reactions at the place of application.

Pregnancy, lactation

Not contraindicated in lactation and pregnancy.

special instructions

With caution is prescribed for the treatment of children. In case of accidental ingestion of any form of chlorhexidine, immediately flush the stomach with a sufficient amount of water, and then take the adsorbent.

The spray should not be applied to mucous membranes and wounds. Solution and spray are unacceptable for contact with auditory nerve and meninges. In case of accidental contact with these areas, thoroughly rinse the drug under running water. If the spray gets into the eyes, also rinse with water and drip albucid.

The drug is incompatible with alkalis, soaps and other anionic compounds (gum arabic, colloids, carboxymethylcellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate, saponins). It is not used simultaneously with other antiseptics.

Do not forget that chlorhexidine is a drug, not a hygiene product, so you can not use it for everyday rinsing of the mouth and teeth, as well as douching. There are strict indications under which such a procedure is appropriate and necessary, and they should be followed. If you use chlorhexidine uncontrollably, it is fraught with an imbalance of microflora, the development of dysbacteriosis and allergic reactions.

Dosage

Solution

• Prevention of venereal diseases. It is used no later than 2 hours after the break of the condom, unprotected intercourse. Men in urethra about 2-3 ml of the drug is injected, for women - 2-3 ml into the urethra and 5-10 ml - additionally into the vagina (chlorhexidine in the form of douching). Be sure to process the skin around the genitals. Urination can be carried out no earlier than 2 hours after the administration of the drug.
• in gynecology. Use in the form of douching with appropriate indications. It is carried out in a horizontal position, squeezing a few drops of the drug into the vagina from the bottle. After the procedure, you need to lie down for 5-10 minutes.
• For inflammatory diseases urinary tract in men and women. 2-3 ml of the solution is injected into the urethra once or twice a day for 10 days in a row.
• For the treatment of skin lesions, wounds, burns, the solution is applied in the form of an application, which is left for 1-3 minutes.
• For gargling with sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis. Instructions for use for rinsing - rinse the mouth before the procedure warm water. Then take 10-15 ml of the solution and carefully gargle with it for about 30 seconds. Do not eat or drink for 60 minutes after the procedure. It is not necessary to dilute chlorhexidine - a 0.05% solution is suitable for the procedure.
• In dentistry. For rinsing teeth, for washing the periodontal canal, fistulas, abscesses. It is also used to treat the gums after patchwork periodontal surgery.

Spray

• For hygienic treatment of the hands of the medical staff, ~ 5 ml of the spray is distributed on the hands and rubbed for 2 minutes.
• To treat the hands of the surgeon, first thoroughly wash their hands with warm running water and soap for at least 2 minutes, dry them with a sterile gauze cloth. Already on dry skin, apply a product with a volume of 5 ml at least 2 times, rub in for 3 minutes.
• To treat the elbow folds (skin areas) or the surgical field, the skin is wiped twice, sequentially, using sterile gauze swabs, abundantly moistened with the preparation. After finishing the treatment, wait 2 minutes. Before the operation, the patient takes a shower, changes clothes. During the processing of the surgical field, the skin in one direction is wiped with a sterile swab irrigated with a spray. After the end of the treatment, you need to wait 1 minute.
• To disinfect small surfaces (tables, chair armrests, equipment), they are wiped with a sterile rag soaked in the product. Consumption rate - 100 ml per 1 m 2.
• Instrument disinfection. Before processing, remove from the tool visible to the eye contamination by wiping with napkins, rinsing under running water with a ruff in compliance with the anti-epidemic regime. Then they are immersed in a container with a solution so that the cavities and channels are completely filled, with an exposure depending on the specifics of the treatment. The solution for disinfection under storage conditions under the lid is suitable for 3 days.

suppositories

• For the prevention of STIs - 1 suppository once in the vagina. Required condition- no more than 2 hours should pass after intercourse.
• For the treatment of vaginosis, colpitis - 1 suppository twice a day, 7-10 days in a row.

Chlorhexidine bigluconate (Chlorhexidine bigluconate)

Compound

1 ml of the drug in the form of a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate contains:
Chlorhexidine bigluconate - 0.5 mg;
Excipients.

1 ml of the drug in the form of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate contains:
Chlorhexidine bigluconate - 0.2 g;
Excipients.

pharmachologic effect

An aqueous solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate is a local antiseptic, with a predominantly bactericidal effect. Chlorhexidine bigluconate is similar in chemical structure to bigumal and is a dichlorine-containing biguanide derivative. The mechanism of action is based on its ability to change properties cell membrane microorganism. After the dissociation of chlorhexidine salts, the formed cations react with the shells of bacteria that have a negative charge. At the same time, the lipophilic groups of the drug contribute to the disaggregation of the lipoprotein membrane of bacteria, as a result of which there is a violation of the osmotic balance and the loss of potassium and phosphorus from the bacterial cell. Under the action of the drug, the cytoplasmic membrane of the bacterium is destroyed and its osmotic balance is disturbed, as a result of which the death of the bacterium occurs.

The drug is effective against strains of such microorganisms: Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamidia spp., Bacteroides fragilis, Treponema pallidum, Gardnerella vaginalis. In addition, chlorhexidine bigluconate is active against Ureaplasma spp. and moderately active against some strains of Proteus spp. and Pseudomonas spp.
Viruses (except for the herpes virus), as well as fungal spores, are resistant to the drug.
The drug is not absorbed into the systemic circulation when topical application and has no systemic effect.

After treatment of the skin (including the skin of the hands), a certain amount of the drug remains on the skin, so chlorhexidine bigluconate has a long-term antibacterial effect and can be used to treat the surgical field and the surgeon's hands.
The antimicrobial activity of the drug is preserved in the presence of pus, blood and other physiological fluids, however, it is worth noting that in this case its effectiveness is somewhat reduced.

Indications for use

The drug is used for the treatment and prevention various diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the action of chlorhexidine. Indications for the use of the drug depend on its initial concentration.

Solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%:
Prevention infectious diseases after surgical interventions, including in dental and ENT practice. In dentistry, the drug is also used for the treatment of removable dentures.
Treatment of the skin before and after surgery to prevent infection in urology, surgery, as well as obstetric and gynecological practice.
Disinfection of the skin and mucous membranes before carrying out diagnostic and treatment procedures in gynecological practice.
The drug is also used to treat various skin diseases bacterial and fungal etiology, as well as festering wounds, and lesions of the mucous membranes, which are caused by microorganisms sensitive to the action of the drug (including stomatitis, periodontitis, gingivitis and aphthae).
In addition, the drug is used after unprotected intercourse for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, including chlamydia, genital herpes, syphilis, trichomoniasis and gonorrhea. As well as the treatment of damaged skin in order to prevent infection.

Solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.5%:
It is used for processing medical instruments at a temperature of 70 degrees Celsius.
Treatment infected wounds, burns and other damage to the skin and mucous membranes.

Solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate 1%:
It is used for the treatment of medical instruments, devices and working surfaces of equipment that are undesirable to be disinfected by heat treatment.
Disinfection of the skin of the patient and the hands of the surgeon before surgery. Prevention of infection of burns and postoperative wounds.

Solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate 5% and 20%:
It is used to prepare solutions of various concentrations on an aqueous, glycerin or alcohol basis.

Mode of application

Chlorhexidine bigluconate is used for the topical treatment of infectious diseases.
For the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, it is recommended to use a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate no more than 2 hours after unprotected intercourse. Men are shown the introduction of 2-3 ml of the drug into the urinary canal, women 1-2 ml into the urinary canal and 5-10 ml into the vagina. In addition, it is recommended to treat the skin areas on the pubis, genitals and inner thighs with a solution. Urination is allowed 2 hours after the use of the drug, otherwise the effectiveness of chlorhexidine bigluconate is reduced.
Patients suffering from inflammation of the urinary tract (including urethritis and urethroprostatitis) are shown to inject 2-3 ml of a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate into the urinary canal 1-2 times a day. The drug is recommended to be used every other day. The duration of the course of treatment is 10 days.

In dental and ENT practice, for the prevention of postoperative infection, a 0.05% or 0.1% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate is usually prescribed 2-3 times a day in the form of rinses or irrigations.

For the treatment of wound and burn surfaces, as well as other injuries skin usually a 0.05%, 0.02% or 0.5% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate is used. The drug is used in the form of irrigation or applications 2-3 times a day. The application time is usually 1 to 3 minutes.
For disinfection of the surgical field, a 20% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate is used, previously diluted with 70% ethyl alcohol (40 parts of 70% ethyl alcohol are taken for 1 part of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate). The surgical field is disinfected twice with the resulting solution, the surgical field is treated a second time 2 minutes after the first disinfection.

In urological practice before carrying out diagnostic procedures(eg, cystoscopy) lavage is indicated Bladder 0.02% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate.

Preparation of solutions of a given concentration from a 20% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate:
To prepare 1l 0.5% alcohol solution chlorhexidine bigluconate take 25 ml of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate and add to the mark with 70% ethyl alcohol.
To prepare 1 l of a 0.5% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate, take 25 ml of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate and add to the mark with distilled water or water for injection (sterile water).
To prepare 1 l of a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate, take 2.5 ml of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate and add to the mark with distilled water or water for injection (sterile water).
To prepare 1 liter of a 0.02% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate, take 1 ml of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate and add to the mark with distilled water or water for injection (sterile water).
To prepare 1 l of a 0.1% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate, take 5 ml of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate and add to the mark with distilled water or water for injection (sterile water).

Solutions must be prepared under aseptic conditions. It is allowed to sterilize ready-made aqueous solutions of the drug in an autoclave at a temperature of 116 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes.
Solutions prepared on the basis of hard water have a less pronounced bactericidal effect, which is explained by the formation of sparingly soluble salts of chlorhexidine. It is forbidden to sterilize the drug using ionizing radiation.

Side effects

When using the drug in some patients, the development of such side effects as dry skin, pruritus, rash, photosensitivity, dermatitis.
With prolonged use of the drug in the form of rinses and irrigations oral cavity Patients experienced tooth discoloration, tartar formation, and changes in taste sensations.

Contraindications

Increased individual sensitivity to the components of the drug.
The drug is contraindicated for use in patients suffering from dermatitis.
The drug is used with caution in pediatrics.
It is not recommended to use the drug for disinfection of the surgical field during surgical interventions on the central nervous system and auditory canal.
The drug is not used in ophthalmology.
The drug is not used simultaneously with other antiseptic solutions.

Pregnancy

With the local use of the drug in women during pregnancy and lactation, there was no effect of chlorhexidine on the health of the child. However, long-term use of the drug during pregnancy and lactation is not recommended.

drug interaction

At a pH of more than 8, precipitation is noted. The use of hard water for the preparation of chlorhexidine solutions reduces its bactericidal properties.
The drug is not used in combination with anionic compounds, including soap.
The drug is not compatible with carbonates, chlorides, phosphates, borates, sulfates and citrates.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate increases the sensitivity of microorganisms to the action of kanamycin, neomycin, cephalosporin and chloramphenicol.
Ethyl alcohol enhances the bactericidal effect of chlorhexidine.

Overdose

When using the drug according to the instructions, an overdose is not possible.
In case of accidental ingestion of the drug, gastric lavage is indicated using milk, mild soap, gelatin or raw eggs.
There is no specific antidote; in case of side effects, symptomatic therapy is carried out.

Release form

A solution of 0.05% for external use, 100 ml in bottles of polymeric material with a nozzle, 1 bottle in a carton.
Solution 0.05% for external use, 100 ml in glass bottles, 1 bottle in a carton.
Solution 20% 100 ml in bottles of polymeric material, 1 bottle in a carton.
A solution of 20%, 500 ml in bottles made of polymeric material with a cap, 1 bottle in a carton.
A solution of 20%, 500 ml in bottles made of polymeric material with a cap, 16 bottles in a box.

Storage conditions

The drug is recommended to be stored in a dry place protected from direct sun rays place at a temperature of 1 to 25 degrees Celsius.
The shelf life of the drug in the form of a 0.05% solution is 2 years.
The shelf life of the drug in the form of a 20% solution is 3 years.
The shelf life of the prepared solutions is 1 week.

Producer: OOO "YuzhFarm" Russia

ATC code: D08AC02

Farm group:

Release form: Liquid dosage forms. Solution for external use.

General characteristics. Compound:

Active ingredient: 0.05% chlorhexidine bigluconate.

Auxiliary substance: purified water.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. The agent exhibits bactericidal against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (including pathogens), tuberculocidal, virucidal (acute respiratory viral infections, herpes, hepatitis of all kinds, including hepatitis A, B and C, adenovirus, etc.) and fungicidal (against fungi of the genera Candida and trichophyton) action.

In terms of acute toxicity, "Chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.05% - YuzhPharm" belongs to the 4th class of low-hazard substances according to GOST 12.1.007-76 when applied to the skin, injected into the stomach and inhaled. According to the classification of Sidorov K.K. when administered parenterally, the agent belongs to the 5th class of practically non-toxic compounds. Skin-resorptive and sensitizing properties in the recommended regimens of use of the agent have not been identified.

The agent has a moderate irritant effect on the mucous membranes of the eyes. MPC in the air of the working area of ​​chlorhexidine bigluconate is 1 mg/m3.

The tool can be used to treat the skin of children from birth.

Indications for use:

Means "Chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.05% - YuzhPharm" is intended for use in medical institutions:

For hygienic treatment of the hands of medical personnel, including personnel of ambulances;
- for disinfection of the skin of the injection field;
- for sanitary treatment of the skin and the skin of the feet in order to prevent fungal diseases;
- for disinfection of rubber gloves put on the hands of personnel (made of materials resistant to chemicals) during surgical interventions and manipulations requiring surgical antisepsis, when working with potentially infected material (microbiological and other laboratories); when collecting medical waste of classes B and C.
- for disinfection of small instruments of simple configuration;
- how prophylactic in the form of irrigations, rinses and applications on the surface of the skin of the mucous membranes;
- for hygienic processing of students' hands educational institutions, personnel of preschool and school institutions, social security institutions (nursing homes, hospices, etc.), employees of perfumery and cosmetic enterprises (including hairdressers, beauty salons, etc.), public catering, communal facilities, food enterprises and chemical-pharmaceutical industry;
- for hygienic treatment of the skin of the hands, injection field, sanitization of the skin and skin of the feet in order to prevent fungal diseases, as a preventive measure for the population in everyday life.

Important! Get to know the treatment

Dosage and administration:

Hygienic treatment of hands: 3 ml of the product is applied to the hands and rubbed into the skin until dry for 30 seconds.

Treatment of the injection field, incl. at the vaccination site: the skin is wiped with a sterile cotton swab or irrigated until completely moistened, followed by an exposure of 30 seconds.

Prophylactic treatment of the feet, sanitization of the skin: thoroughly moistened with a cotton swab, carefully treat each foot or skin area with different cotton swabs or irrigate with the product until the skin is completely moistened, holding time is at least 30 seconds.

Treatment of gloves worn on the hands of personnel: outer surface gloves are thoroughly wiped with a sterile swab, abundantly moistened with a product. Processing time - at least 1 minute. Exposure - until the surface of the gloves is completely dry.

Small tools of a simple configuration: (in healthcare facilities, beauty salons, hairdressers, manicure and pedicure rooms, etc.) must be completely immersed in the product immediately after its use. The thickness of the agent layer above the products must be at least 1 cm. After the end of the disinfection exposure of 5 minutes, the products are removed from the container and washed with running drinking water for at least 1 minute.

As a prophylactic in the form of irrigations, rinses and applications - 5-10 ml of the solution is applied to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes with an exposure of 1-3 minutes 2-3 times a day (on a swab or by irrigation).

Application Features:

Use for external use only. It is forbidden to use the product after the expiration date. In case of accidental ingestion of the drug into the stomach, it is recommended to drink several glasses of water with the addition of an adsorbent (for example, 10-15 crushed tablets activated carbon per glass of water). Do not induce vomiting! Seek medical attention if necessary.

Contraindications:

Skin-resorptive and sensitizing properties in the recommended regimens of use of the agent have not been identified. The agent has a moderate irritant effect on the mucous membranes of the eyes.

Storage conditions:

Store in tightly closed manufacturer's packaging at temperatures from 0 ºС to +30 °С; away from sources of heat and ignition; avoid storage in direct sunlight. Do not smoke! Store separately from medicines, out of the reach of children. Transportation by any means of transport is allowed in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport, at temperatures from 0 ° C to +30 ° C. The shelf life of the product is 2 years in unopened packaging from the manufacturer.

Leave conditions:

Without recipe

Package:

The product is packaged in 25 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml bottles of orange glass. 25 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml, 200 ml, 500 ml, 1000 ml in polyethylene bottles high pressure with a polymer nozzle, or with a special nozzle with a screw cap, or equipped with a spray pump and a protective cap made of polyethylene. 5 l; 10 l; 20 l in polyethylene cans low pressure(for hospital).

This article should satisfy you and answer all your questions about the use of Chlorhexidine. Chlorhexidine - what is it? Use of this drug? Composition, form of release, instructions for use, etc. We will try to answer these and other questions.

What is chlorhexidine?

In order to understand what this drug is, it is necessary to understand what components it consists of.

Compound

Composition of a 0.05% solution of Chlorhexidine Bigluconate:

• 0.5 mg chlorhexidine bigluconate;
• additional substances.

20% solution of Chlorhexidine Bigluconate:

• 0.2 g chlorhexidine bigluconate;
• additional substances.

Composition of suppositories, gel, ointment, Chlorhexidine spray:

• active substance- chlorhexidine;
• additional substances;
• ice cream.

Release form

The name is Chlorhexidine (Chlorhexidine). Available as a solution for outdoor use 0.05% and 20%. And also in the form of candles, gels, sprays and ointments.

A solution of 0.05% Chlorhexidine is provided in a polymer bottle with a nozzle or glass bottles of 100 ml. Packaging for the drug is used cardboard type. In such a carton there is 1 bottle.

A solution of 20% Chlorhexidine is available in polymer bottles with a cap, containing 100 or 500 ml.

Vaginal suppositories are available in 8, 16 mg.

pharmachologic effect

Chlorhexidine is a powerful antiseptic. The desired effect on bacterial spores can be achieved only when elevated temperature. It is at this moment that the active substance of this drug acts on the shell of bacteria, thereby destroying it.

Viruses and fungal spores are more resistant to the drug, with the exception of herpes.

In addition, the active substance - chlorhexidine, perfectly disinfects and cleanses the skin of the hands. Therefore, it can even be used for washing hands, as well as for processing the hands of a surgeon and surgical elements.

Its activity, although reduced, is also noted in the presence of purulent wounds, blood, and so on.

Indications for use

To medicinal product goes detailed instructions where the indications for use are described step by step. antiseptic used to treat diseases, provoking microorganisms, and for prevention.

The concentration of the solution is correctly distributed in the treatment of certain diseases.

Solutions for local and external use are used in postoperative period. As well as for processing dentures in dentistry or for the treatment of periodontitis and stomatitis. The drug is used in prescribed quantities by the dentist himself.

Uses and Applications of Chlorhexidine

Solutions 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2% are used:

• in care after surgical intervention in the departments of dentistry and ENT.

Solutions 0.05%, 0.2% are used:

• when treating abscesses, burns with infection, diseases of the fungus and bacteria of the skin and mucous membranes in dentistry;
• for the prevention of infectious diseases in obstetrics, gynecology, urology and surgery;
• for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and skin disinfection.

A solution of 0.2% is applied:

• For the treatment of removable dentures.
• For treatment and rehabilitation of the genital parts of the body in gynecology during diagnosis or treatment.

A solution of 0.5% is applied:

• For disinfection of wounds and burns.
• For the treatment of abrasions and cracks in the skin, as well as open mucous membranes.
• For sterilization of instruments in medicine at a temperature of 70 degrees.

A 1% solution is used:

• For disinfection of thermometers, surfaces and medical surfaces that cannot be heat treated.
• For processing the hands of the surgeon and his surgical field. And, of course, skin treatment, both during the operation and after it.

A 5% solution is applied:

• in the preparation of alcohol, water or glycerin concentrates from 0.01% to 1%.

Contraindications

Do not use chlorhexidine bigluconate people with hypersensitivity to the constituent components of the drug itself. If there are skin diseases, for example, dermatitis. Children under 18 years of age should be taken with great care and caution.

How to use chlorhexidine?

Chlorhexidine bigluconate is used for the prevention and treatment of a number of diseases, as well as in the form of an antiseptic. for skin disinfection, medical items, etc. Chlorhexidine is used both externally and locally.

A 0.05% solution is used in an amount of 2-3 ml for men and 1-2 ml for women. It must be used no later than 2 hours after unprotected intercourse. And also do not urinate for another 2 hours after taking.

If there is a problem with urination, the introduction of a 0.05% solution into the urinary canal, 2-3 ml 1 or 2 times a day, is usually prescribed. Chlorhexidine, in this case, is used every other day. The course of treatment is carried out in 10 days.

In dentistry and ENT practice, 0.05 or 0.1% solutions of Chlorhexidine are used for irrigation or rinsing 2-3 times a day.

special instructions

Released without a doctor's prescription. Possible side effects. Manifested in the form of: redness, itching, stickiness, rashes on the skin, dryness, and so on. With prolonged use as an antiseptic for oral disinfection may have problems with taste buds, discoloration of the teeth and the deposition of tartar. Shelf life - 3 years. It is not recommended to use the prepared solution more than a week old. Cannot be used after the expiration date. Do not allow chlorhexidine to get into the eyes, contact with the meninges and the auditory nerve.

Before starting self-treatment, we still recommend that you consult with a gynecologist. It may even be that you have misdiagnosed yourself. In some cases, thrush can be similar to sexually transmitted diseases.

Chlorhexidine solution is very effective method in the fight against thrush. Douching and treatment with this drug will give the desired result. Chlorhexidine used to treat fungal and infectious diseases as well as inflammation. With the help of such a concentrate, the genital tract is processed. It is better to use together with the accompanying main means for treatment. Douching with chlorhexidine destroys germs and stops the growth of fungi. The presence of bigluconate contributes to the long-term preservation of its medicinal and antiseptic properties for a long period.

Few people have intolerance to the drug, so its use is possible both during pregnancy and lactation. Beyond douching vaginal suppositories are actively used containing chlorhexidine.

Before carrying out the douching procedure for thrush, remember that the hands and genitals must be clean.

A solution of chlorhexidine is introduced carefully in a supine state. It is necessary to lie down, relax, gently insert the nipple of the bottle into the genitals and inject the liquid. The amount of solution is prescribed by the gynecologist. When you enter, you need slowly press the body of the bottle, and after douching, lie down for another 15-20 minutes so that the procedure is not performed in vain. If you stand up after douching, then the solution, without having time to act, will flow out. How many times to inject the solution should also be indicated by the doctor. Usually it is 1-2 times a day. The maximum course is 10 times.

To get the desired result, you need to follow the instructions without deviating.

Remember! It is necessary to refrain from sexual contact. It is advisable to carry out the washing procedure, while using soap is not recommended. Soap dries out the skin and increases itching. It is better to add soda or furacillin to the water. After washing, you can use baby powder. The food should also be special. Some foods are recommended to be eliminated from the diet. For example, shivering, which means bread, rolls, etc., spicy and sweet. Physical exercise also not recommended. With additional sweating, getting them on the inflamed mucosa will cause great discomfort.

The price of such a medicine is negligible. For a very reasonable price, you can get the desired result. Chlorhexidine bigluconate has a strong powerful antiseptic effect. It can be useful for all kinds of wounds, fungi, infections, and even after surgeries.

The use of chlorhexidine

It is an inexpensive and effective antiseptic that is used in many areas. They can treat mucous membranes, open wounds, skin. Chlorhexidine is often used to treat bacterial throat infections.

The characteristic of this drug is affordable price and at the same time quite high efficiency. Chlorhexidine is considered quite safe drug, but compliance with the dosage when using is mandatory.

It has a pronounced antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect. In most cases, it is used to destroy pathogenic bacteria and fungi, since it is ineffective against viruses. They treat not only the skin and mucous membranes, but also all household surfaces for the purpose of disinfection.

Many people know how to use Chlorhexidine Bigluconate, what it is for. This drug has long been included in the lists of necessary and is in almost every first aid kit.

The drug is available in the form of a solution of 0.05% chlorhexidine bigluconate, as well as a spray and even rectal suppository. The concentration of the drug may be different, so you need to check the dosage with your doctor and pharmacist. Chlorhexidine is also produced in the form of a gel and a concentrated solution (20%), which is used exclusively for disinfection of premises.

The drug can be used in the following cases:

• For the treatment of nail fungus. The drug is considered one of the most effective in the treatment of nail fungus, as it allows you to destroy it in just 3-4 applications. The drug does not contain dyes and has no unpleasant odor.
• For the treatment of herpes simplex virus. Viruses are quite resistant to the action of Chlorhexidine, but the herpes virus is sensitive to it. They are recommended to treat sores.
• For the treatment of bacterial diseases of the throat. Most often, Chlorhexidine is prescribed for bacterial tonsillitis for and tonsils from pus.
• For hygienic processing of hands. The preparation handles the hands of food industry workers, as well as medical workers.
• For the prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. Quite effective drug in the fight against STDs. In gynecology and venereology, it is recommended for the treatment of gonorrhea, syphilis, trichomoniasis, chlamydia.

The main property of the drug is to destroy pathogenic bacteria and fungi without affecting the positive microflora. Chlorhexidine promotes the death of microbes and prevents their reproduction.

How and why is Chlorhexidine used in ENT practice?

Doctors often prescribe gargles with Chlorhexidine solution for children and adults in the presence of bacterial infection. Its signs are strong, hyperthermia, redness of the throat, swelling of the tonsils, the appearance of purulent plaque or pustules.

In this case, Chlorhexidine has not only anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, but also partially analgesic effect.

Indications for the use of Chlorhexidine are:

• . This is the most common remedy for local treatment sore throats. The most common causative agent of this disease is streptococcal bacteria. As a result, white pustules appear on the mucous membrane of the throat and tonsils. Chlorhexidine helps to fight infection at the local level, clear the mucosa from pus and soften the plugs for their further removal.
• . Inflammation of the pharynx can provoke both viruses and bacteria, fungi. Chlorhexidine is most effective for purulent pharyngitis. Some types of this disease exclude the use of Chlorhexidine (for example, allergic pharyngitis), so you should consult a doctor before using the drug.
• . Inflammatory process larynx is often accompanied by a change in voice. Chlorhexidine is effective for acute laryngitis, but not recommended for its atrophic form, when the mucous membrane of the larynx is thinned.
• ORZ. In some cases, it is recommended to treat the throat with Chlorhexidine even with the viral nature of the disease, if there is a high probability of complications and the addition of a bacterial infection.

The drug cleanses the mucous membrane of the throat, contributing to the destruction of pathogenic bacteria. Contrary to popular belief, Chlorhexidine does not inhibit the growth of its own microflora, does not provoke atrophic processes.

To avoid side effects, you need to adhere to the dosage prescribed by your doctor. The drug is safe for children and pregnant women, but only if the instructions are followed.

Application rules

The drug is applied undiluted to the skin and nails. It does not penetrate the skin, so it is completely safe. It is impossible to cause an overdose in this way.

To treat wounds or disinfect the skin, Chlorhexidine in the form of a spray or solution is applied directly to the skin area and distributed with the palm of a cotton pad. When using the spray, you do not need to touch the skin, it is convenient for burns and other injuries.

If we talk about gargling with Chlorhexidine, then there are some rules that should be followed:

1. Rinse your mouth thoroughly before starting the procedure. clean water. This will help to wash off a little pus, food debris.
2. It is not necessary to dilute the drug. And pharmacies sell a ready-made solution of Chlorhexidine (0.02 or 0.05%). If it is a spray, it is enough just to irrigate the throat with it, without rinsing it with water afterwards.
3. For gargling, one tablespoon of the drug is enough. They take it in the mouth and, without swallowing, throw back their heads, making the sound R for a minute. Then the drug must be spit out.
4. The child can only gargle if he already understands this process and can spit out the drug on his own. As a rule, Chlorhexidine is used to treat children from 5 years of age.
5. The mucous membrane of the child is quite sensitive, so the drug must be diluted in a ratio of 1: 1.
6. Immediately after the procedure, you can not smoke, eat, drink for 1-1.5 hours. You need to give your throat peace, try to talk less.
7. The course of treatment is a week. You can not extend the course without the recommendation of a doctor. During the day, it is necessary to carry out 5 rinses for an adult and 3-4 for a child.

It is worth remembering that treatment should be comprehensive. It is impossible to cure a sore throat solely by gargling, so you should not refuse to take antibacterial drugs.If complications occur, such as, you can do inhalation with Chlorhexidine. The solution of the drug is added to and carried out 2 inhalations per day.

Contraindications and side effects

The drug has practically no contraindications, in addition to individual intolerance to the active substance. It is not recommended to use it for the treatment of children under 5 years of age, as well as for various atrophic and allergic diseases throat.

Chlorhexidine should not be used to treat the nasal mucosa. The effectiveness of such treatment will be quite low, but side effects in the form may appear. Chlorhexidine has a slight drying effect, so it is not used to treat eye diseases.

Side effects of Chlorhexidine include:

• Feeling dry. The first time after rinsing, there may be a feeling of tightness and dryness of the throat. Drinking after rinsing is not recommended. If dryness and coughing get worse, you need to see a doctor and choose another drug. If you use Chlorhexidine in the prescribed dosages and no more than a week, dryness can be avoided.
• Darkening of tooth enamel. Chlorhexidine with prolonged use can cause darkening of tooth enamel, but this is a temporary effect. After the end of the course of treatment, the enamel brightens and takes on a natural shade.
• Taste disorder. Also, long-term use of the drug can cause a change in taste sensations. This is a temporary effect of the drug, which disappears on its own after its withdrawal.
• Insomnia. In some cases, patients noted that during treatment with Chlorhexidine they had problems with sleep. About this side effect you need to consult with your doctor.

More information about the drug Chlorhexidine can be found in the video:

How to prepare and take propolis on alcohol?

Chlorhexidine is considered safe for children and pregnant women, but should not be swallowed. Most doctors agree that gastric lavage is not necessary. If part of the drug has entered the stomach, it is enough to drink plenty of water and a few tablets of activated charcoal. The drug does not have a toxic effect on the body.