Intermittent blindness, otherwise known as temporary loss of vision, affects a person instantly and also disappears instantly.
People share their impressions of how they see like a curtain in front of their eyes that blocks out the light; how individual areas can fall out, forming selective blindness (this happens when pathological processes in the gray matter of the brain). There is also a loss of orientation in space, the inability to determine the shape or color of an object. Why does this happen and how to deal with temporary blindness?
Features of temporary blindness
Both eyes are not always affected; the situation when only one eye ceases to see is quite common. Loss of vision may reappear, but in a second organ, often in older people with medical conditions of cardio-vascular system, atherosclerosis and vascular diseases.
Intermittent blindness is sometimes a harbinger of serious diseases such as heart attack or stroke.
Main causes of short-term blindness
Intracranial hypertension (increased pressure in the fluid that surrounds the brain) can cause vision loss.
Thrombosis vertebral arteries can also provoke vision loss, because these vessels supply blood to the part of the brain that is responsible for vision.
Hit blood clots into the ocular arteries leads to their blockage, the retina of the eye does not receive enough oxygen and nutrients and cannot function normally. As you know, the perception of surrounding objects occurs through the visual analyzer: light, refracted, hits the retina, building an image of what is happening there. This information goes further to the brain. When the retina does not work well enough, it results in loss of vision. After removal or resorption of the blood clot (thrombus), vision is completely restored.
Snow blindness is a phenomenon that occurs from exposure to bright light or looking at sunlit snow-covered expanses. A spasm of the ocular vessels occurs, blood temporarily does not enter the retina, this leads to short-term loss of vision lasting from several seconds to several minutes.
Hysterical loss of vision - people with a tendency to take everything to heart experience temporary blindness under severe stress and psycho-emotional shocks. The sensitivity of the eyelid skin increases, photophobia appears, and can last from several hours to months. Vision loss occurs in one or both eyes.
Migraine blindness is a rare manifestation of the underlying disease, headaches are accompanied by visual disturbances: blurry images, decreased visual acuity, blurred vision and temporary blindness - all these symptoms go side by side with ophthalmic migraine. At the same time, painful susceptibility to loud sounds, nausea, dizziness. Staying still relieves symptoms.
Treatment of blindness
Only a doctor can prescribe complete treatment for you after detailed questioning and collection of symptoms. He will send you to take tests and perform some instrumental manipulations (for example, an electrocardiogram, if there is a suspicion of vascular disease and the risk of heart attack or ischemia).
But you can reduce the risk of repeated episodes of blindness yourself; folk remedies are used for this.
ethnoscience
For any organism, even those who do not suffer from visual impairment, it is useful to eat carrots in any form. But for greater benefit we need “squeeze all the juice out of it” literally: add 3 tablespoons of grated vegetable to a liter of water or milk and cook until tender.
Take a third of a glass of this healing decoction at night.
Drink an infusion of black currant leaves, it will relieve fatigue.
Drink every day three times after each meal, half a glass of infusion of lingonberry leaves, lemon balm, raspberry fruits, primrose and snakeweed rhizome, in equal proportions. Two spoons of herbs are poured into 0.7 liters of boiling water and allowed to brew for an hour.
Young nettle soup turns out to have a beneficial effect on vision. Try to cook it more often for one month.
Get yourself fish oil and drink three times a day.
Diversify your menu with fried or boiled liver.
If snow blindness occurs, isolate your eyes from further exposure to bright light sources; it is better to go to a dark place and lie down, covering your eyes with a bandage.
Eat more sweet peppers, gooseberries, cherries, zucchini, rose hips, peas, green onions, spinach, and beans. As you can see, the list of useful "visual" There are a lot of products, you can easily choose a dish to suit your taste.
Pour 3 tablespoons of rose hips into two glasses of boiling water and cook for 10 minutes. Cool for 8-12 hours and you are ready to use. The recommended dosage is a glass per day, 1/3 after each meal.
Prevention
If one or more cases of vision loss have occurred, you need to follow some simple tips:
Remember, temporary blindness is not an independent disease; it does not always result from admiring the snowy beauty for too long or sun rays, sometimes this is a harbinger of much more serious illnesses.
Spend a couple of hours on your health, consult a doctor after the incident, it’s better to worry once again and find out that everything is fine than to save a little time and then pay for a long time for the neglected consequences.
There are complete and partial blindness . Complete blindness is expressed not only in the absence of any visual images, but also in the inability of the pupil to react even to very bright rays of light.
Partial blindness has its own classification and is caused by the presence in a person of one or another disease that affects the retina, certain areas of the visual cortex of the brain, etc.
The term “blindness” hides the medical name of the disease “hemeralopia” (in some sources it has something in common with the term nyctalopia). Often this is also called “night blindness” - decreased vision in poor lighting.
Causes
The causes of blindness are pathological disorders:
- light rays cannot reach the retina;
- a condition of the retina in which it cannot adequately perceive light;
- when nerve impulses coming from the retina reach the center of the brain with distortions;
- the brain is not able to perceive the flow of information conveyed by the visual organs.
All these disorders are consequences of diseases that act as some blocking factor for the entry of light, such as, for example, and. The first disease can be treated surgically. But glaucoma - dangerous disease, which occurs without visible symptoms and ends with an attack, after which more than 10% of patients lose the ability to recognize objects and see at all.
Other, less common reasons include:
- age-related changes that lead to decreased vision;
- – inflammation of the cornea, causing it to become cloudy;
- complications caused by diabetes, namely diabetic retinopathy;
- helminth infection and onchocerciasis.
The development of blindness in children can be caused by various factors. Blindness can be congenital due to infections affecting the fetus during pregnancy. For example, if the mother became infected with rubella during this period.
Lack of vitamin A during fetal development can cause xerophthalmia, in which the cornea fails to fully develop.
We should not forget about loss of vision after eye injuries as a result of mechanical impact on the eye itself or serious traumatic brain injury.
A separate cause of loss of vision can be called genetic predisposition to blindness or partial loss of vision.
Classification
There are two types of blindness: congenital and acquired. But in the generally accepted classification, there are four main types of disease:
- absolute blindness is often a congenital pathology;
- scotoma - the appearance of blind areas that are in no way connected with the peripheral boundaries of the organ;
- – defeat visual system in such a way that blindness develops in half the field of vision;
- – color blindness, characterized by the inability of the organ of vision to perceive certain colors and shades.
Symptoms
In case of blindness, the main symptoms can be both deterioration of vision when the light source or its saturation changes, and the loss of entire areas from the field.
Diagnostics
The degree of blindness is determined by testing visual acuity in each eye separately and measuring the visual field. For this purpose they use special methods– campimetry and perimetry.
The study is not carried out according to the Rabkin table. For further diagnosis, an anomaloscope is often used.
Treatment
Absolute congenital blindness is currently incurable. However, in Lately Scientists are increasingly raising the question of whether it is possible to replicate the unique weave of the retina and force the implant to transmit signals to the brain. American researchers have developed a special prosthesis that converts light rays into electrical impulses and “sends” them to the optic nerve.
Each type of blindness has its own treatment method. Treatment for blindness may require both medication and surgery.
Prevention
You should always remember to protect your eyesight during outdoor activities, sports, and just at home. If a person is diagnosed diabetes, then correct balanced diet will reduce the risk of retinopathy.
Even glaucoma can be diagnosed early stages, taking into account all the risks of this disease.
There is only one conclusion - the best prevention It will be a timely visit to the doctor for an examination of the organs of vision.
Forecast
Modern medicine strives to win incurable diseases or at least find an opportunity to replace “broken” organs. One can hope that complete blindness will soon be curable.
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Blindness is a condition where a person has completely lost the ability to see.
Symptoms of blindness
When a person begins to see poorly or images become blurry, it can be judged that the person's visual acuity is decreasing. There are a number of symptoms that indicate this:
- Loss of vision, partial or complete;
- Decreased visual acuity;
- Difficulty in recognizing objects and their outlines.
Causes of the disease
There are many causes of the disease. The disease may be a consequence of injury, associated with age-related changes in the body, innate. Light rays cannot fully penetrate the retina, and therefore the brain cannot fully perceive information.
Types of blindness
- Snow blindness (photoophthalmia) - caused by burn injuries to the eye, cornea and conjunctiva, as well as various types powerful radiation. In terms of its symptoms, snow blindness is similar to keratoconjunctivitis: lacrimation, inflammation and swelling of the eyelids, redness of the cornea, photophobia, and loss of vision appears, which lasts temporarily. The first symptoms of the disease include sharp pain in the eyes and a feeling of sand. The treatment for this type of blindness is to create complete visual rest.
- Chicken (hemeralopia) is a pathology that occurs in conditions of darkness or poor lighting. The disease develops due to structural changes in the cornea, with a decrease in the rods located in the retina of the eye. The rods are responsible for vision in the twilight. In congenital blindness, the disease is inherited. Symptomatic - occurs against the background various diseases visual system. Essential occurs as a result of metabolic disorders and lack of vitamins and microelements.
- Color blindness – the pathology is that a person cannot distinguish colors. When a person fully distinguishes colors is called trichromasia. If it cannot differentiate it is called dichromasia. If vision loss is noted in the red part of the spectrum, it is protanopia; deuteranopia – loss of vision in the green part of the spectrum; tritanopia – blindness in the blue-violet part. It is quite rare for a person not to distinguish between several colors at the same time.
Diagnosis and treatment
Diagnosis is carried out by a qualified doctor, the level of visual acuity loss and the ability to distinguish colors are checked. Treatment is varied and depends on the degree of damage. Maybe surgical intervention, prevention of diseases that stimulate the development of pathology. Complete blindness cannot be cured.
You've probably all seen blind people, but have you ever asked them why this happened? I worked with blind people, and when I first came into their community and looked at their medical histories, I was speechless for a while. 90% of people were born with good eyesight, and lost it only later.
What are the main reasons that people become visually impaired?
1. Retinal detachment
2. Glaucoma and cataracts
3. Medical manipulation of the eyes
Life story
Natalya is 36 years old. Five years ago, three months before giving birth, her husband left her, her vision dropped to -7 within a week, and during childbirth her retina detached. His vision deteriorates to the point that he can’t even see his nails clearly. Two operations in Odessa clinic did not improve vision even by 1%. It cost about 7000 USD. They offer a third one, without a single guarantee.
So what is this terrible diagnosis - “Retinal Detachment” and who is at risk?
Where is this part of the eye - the retina - located and how does it work.
Nowadays it is fashionable to compare the work of the eyes with the work of a film camera. So, the retina is in inside eyes opposite the pupil. This is a thin film, a kind of mesh, consisting of photosensitive cells that react to light. It depends on her: whether a person will see at all. If the eye is a “camera”, then the retina is a “film”. If something happens to her, then any light will be “not a big deal” for a person.
When a person's eye is functioning normally, as evidenced by good vision, the retina is tightly attached to the supporting tissue of the eye. And detachment is its separation from it. In this case, its connection with the nerve fibers that send signals to the brain is disrupted. Like a broken wire in an electrical network.
In the most great danger there are nearsighted people.
At the same time, than worse vision, the more danger they are exposed to. Any blow to the head, severe stress, etc. can lead to fatal consequences.
The person does not experience pain.
Imagine that yesterday you could see well, but after an accident, today you are visually impaired to such an extent that you can no longer write or read. Your life will change dramatically and will never be the same.
Warning signs of retinal detachment
√ If you suddenly notice floating spots, flashes of light;
√ If vision becomes blurry or poor;
√ If you see a shadow or curtain falling from the top of the eye or from the bottom side.
These signs may increase gradually as the retina will begin to move away from the supporting tissue, or may appear unexpectedly if the retina detaches suddenly.
About one in seven people with sudden onset of flares and floating particles have this problem.
There are alarming cases where retinal detachment has occurred after LASIK surgery in extremely nearsighted people. (-8-20D)
Surgery to remove cataracts, tumors, eye diseases and chronic diseases diseases such as diabetes and anemia can also cause retinal detachment.
Famous people who had retinal detachment
Journalist, publisher and political activist Joseph Pulitzer. He became blind in both eyes when he was over 40.
Soccer star Pele;
Theodore Roosevelt loved boxing. In a match during his presidency, he was hit in the head, which newspapers reported caused partial blindness in his left eye.
Treatment of retinal detachment
Medicine offers surgically just repair the retina.
Types of surgery
Scleroplasty. This is the most common retinal surgery. A small group of silicone or plastic compresses are placed on the outside of the eye (sclera). These “buckles” tighten the eye, thereby allowing the retina to reattach to the inner wall of the eye. I personally have not met a single person who would have been radically helped by this operation. For a very short time (a week or two), the person saw a little better, then everything returned.
Vitrectomy.
Pneumatic retinopexy.
Retinal reattachment surgery is not always successful. Success depends on the location, cause, and extent of the retinal detachment, along with other factors.
In addition, successful retinal attachment does not guarantee normal vision. If a person wears glasses, he will still need them.
You ask: what to do, how to protect yourself?
Yes, everything is the same, my friends - we need to restore the functioning of our eyes. That is, eliminate the cause of all these troubles. After all, eye diseases are not independent diseases - they are consequences of functional impairment of the eyes. And poor vision is a witness to disrupted work, good vision - to normal work.
And, of course, as a teacher of a natural way to correct vision and restore eye health, I offer the most reliable way, proven for a century - a method developed by Dr. William Bates.
I owe my good eyesight to him, and hundreds of my students give him glory and honor for long life my eyes, and I wish the same for you. Join us. Subscribe to my online courses. Or purchase video discs for the whole family. Take advantage of my 10 years of experience. I advise all my students for life.
Yes, you may ask, what happened to my student Natalya. So on the 4th day of classes, she saw her nails and burst into tears with... happiness.
Want to ? Don't be shy, I'll definitely answer!
The extreme severity of visual acuity impairment is called blindness. It develops with abnormalities of the organ of vision and is characterized by a complete or partial inability of the organ of vision to perceive images of objects. Visual perception with blindness becomes either impossible or limited. This is due to a pronounced narrowing of the visual fields with a deterioration in its acuity.
There are the following types of blindness:
- absolute (total);
- practical.
Complete blindness occurs when both eyes do not perceive visual sensations. Practical blindness is characterized by the presence of residual vision, while color perception and the sensation of a light beam are preserved.
Causes of blindness
There are many causes of blindness, but it is absolutely impossible to become blind without a reason. This condition is usually a consequence of the following etiological factors:
- diabetic retinopathy;
- degeneration of the optic spot;
- onchocerciasis;
- xerophthalmia and keratomalacia;
- traumatic damage to the organ of vision.
Several other types of blindness are known:
- , or dichromasia, is a pathology in which the ability to perceive colors or their shades is lost. The disease is genetically determined. It affects mostly men, and women carry the pathological gene. In women, this pathology occurs in 1% of cases, while in men - in 8%. Visual acuity in dichromats does not suffer.
- Some people are unable to distinguish the outlines of objects around them in partial darkness or twilight. In this case, they talk about “night blindness.” It occurs either due to insufficient intake of B vitamins in the body or is genetically predetermined. The vast majority of people suffering from night blindness retain excellent visual acuity in good lighting.
- Snow blindness is manifested by a deterioration or complete absence of visual perception, which is caused by powerful irradiation of the organ of vision with ultraviolet rays. In most cases, such a violation goes away after a certain time, as tissue proliferation occurs. The so-called “snow” vision loss cannot cause absolute blindness. People suffering from this vision anomaly see bright lights, movement of objects and outlines of objects under any circumstances.
Blindness can be temporary or a permanent condition. To determine the degree of visual impairment, visual fields are measured, as well as the acuity of perception in each eye separately. In some cases, for example, after an injury, vision may disappear suddenly, while in other people suffering from certain diseases, a decrease in visual acuity develops gradually until complete blindness occurs. In order to determine the degree of decrease in visual acuity, you should visit an ophthalmologist. The main thing is not to despair, because in many cases, if vision is completely lost, it can be restored. Of course, if a cerebral hemorrhage occurs, then talk about a return visual function most often it is not necessary.
Diagnosis of vision pathology
Blind persons are considered to be those who either have no visual sensations at all, or have only a light sensation, or residual vision of 0.01 D to 0.05 D in the eye with which a person can see with spectacle correction. Blind people are unable to distinguish light, color and shape of objects, their size and location in space. They have serious difficulties in assessing spatial orientation (direction of movement, distance between objects).
This leads to an impoverishment of their sensory experience and makes it difficult to navigate in space, especially when moving from place to place. Their other senses, such as hearing, become more acute, since sounds are a fairly important factor that allows them to navigate the environment more confidently.
Due to blindness, the process of formation of movements is delayed. Many blind people begin to feel negative changes in their volitional and emotional sphere. In the future, most patients manage to overcome these negative phenomena, since other analyzers are involved: skin, auditory, motor. It is they who begin to form the sensory basis with the help of which more complex psychological processes develop: voluntary attention, generalized perception, logical memory and abstract thinking.
Blind people, with the help of these sensitive analyzers, learn to correctly perceive reality. Of course, for their orientation in space and during formation imaginative thinking the leading role is played by visual representations and life experience, which were preserved in the memory of a suddenly blind person.
Treatment of patients with blindness
Unfortunately, complete blindness, which is caused by damage optic nerve or a previous stroke, cannot be treated. In such cases, it is not possible to restore vision. In order to improve the quality of life of blind patients, there are special tools that help simplify their daily life: electronic audiobooks, textbooks in Braille, font software.
For every person, vision loss is a psychological trauma. These people are prone to depression and may have suicidal thoughts. They need moral support and psychological assistance. In some cases, they may need to consult a psychotherapist.
Modern ophthalmology does not have methods for treating congenital dichromasia, and in the case of an acquired disease, it is necessary to eliminate the causes that led to the loss of color perception. If the cause of the disease is by-effect pharmacological drugs, then after their cancellation color vision completely restored.
Prevention of blindness
It is possible to prevent the possible development of blindness only if a person has a certain sanitary culture and has access to specialized medical care. In order not to lose vision due to damage to the organ of vision, you should protect it from injury. Proper nutrition helps prevent essential blindness. Early diagnosis intraocular hypertension and pressure correction help avoid the development of blindness due to glaucoma.
Blindness due to diabetic retinopathy can be prevented by correcting blood sugar levels, quitting smoking, and controlling body weight. In case of problems with the health of the organ of vision, you should consult a specialist and not self-medicate. The right image life and healthy eating also help prevent blindness.
