Lyubov Yaufman
Family environmental project “Water in the House”
Family environmental project: Water in our house.
Passport project.... 3
Introduction…4
1. Goal and objectives project.... 5
2. Implementation stages project.... 5
Conclusion...8
Literature…9
Application... 10
PASSPORT PROJECT
Name project« Water in the house»
Head Yaufman Lyubov Aleksandrovna, teacher preparatory group MBDOUTSRR kindergarten No. 1 of the village of Kalininskaya, Krasnodar Territory
Performers project Pimenov Evgeny Valerievich, Elena Nikolaevna,
Pimenov Kolya
Type project Creative, with elements of research activities.
Relevance project Raising the younger generation environmentally conscious, preserving water resources and saving their use.
Target project Formation of a conscious, careful attitude towards water in children,
instilling research skills in preschoolers;
education for children and adults ecological consciousness.
Tasks project 1. Study literature and the Internet - resources on the topic project.
2. Study the ways water enters the house and its economical use.
3. Learn to apply this knowledge in everyday life.
Methods used Analysis, collection of information from books, magazines, Internet resources, generalization, analysis.
Expected result Application of acquired knowledge in practice.
Implementation stages project I. Preparatory (January 20 – February 3, 2013)
INTRODUCTION
Water for us the most familiar and simple substance. Water – necessary condition existence of all living organisms on our planet. Water- one of the most urgent human needs. A person can live without water for only two or three days. Water must be treated very carefully, because there is not much water suitable for drinking on earth. Despite the fact that water covers an area of land.
Modern man I am used to living comfortably, using a lot of clean water for domestic purposes, turning it into dirty water, pouring it into rivers and reservoirs, thereby polluting and harming the surrounding nature.
Therefore, it is necessary to instill in children a caring attitude towards water, the source of life, and the nature of their native land.
Our son Kolya is an active, inquisitive child. While making excursions, walks to reservoirs, observing the natural processes of life of the inhabitants of rivers and lakes, Kolya asked many questions to which he wanted to hear the answer right away. Therefore, we decided to start research activities with him so that he could find answers to his many questions himself.
The basis of the research activity was the materials of N. A. Ryzhova according to the program "Our home is nature". Kolya, with great desire and interest, became involved in research activities, conducting various experiments with water, studying reservoirs, ways of water entering the house and its journey through pipes.
1. PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES PROJECT.
Before you begin project, we have set ourselves
target: study and expand ideas about the path of water into the house and places of its use. Develop skills in careful and economical use of water.
Based on our goal, we have outlined the following tasks:
1. Study literature and Internet resources on the topic project.
2. Study the ways water gets into the house.
3. Develop skills in careful and economical use of water.. 4. Develop the intellectual and research abilities of our child;
5. Foster respect for water and wildlife.
2. IMPLEMENTATION STEPS PROJECT.
Stage I. Preparatory
On preparatory stage implementation project, we studied the literature about the water resources of our region. Found out where and how water gets into the house and how much of it is needed for human life, while using materials from Internet resources.
Stage II. Practical
Based on the materials we have, we began to study places in home where used water and research activities on purification and filtering of contaminated water.
To understand the ways water travels, Kolya and I studied the water cycle in nature and drew up a diagram. What helped Kolya remember in what form water exists in nature. In doing so, we used puzzles:
It does not burn in fire and does not sink in water. (ice)
First it flies, then it runs,
then he lies on the street...
Then without a bot or galoshes
You won't cross it dry. (rain)
She grows upside down
It grows not in summer, but in winter.
The sun will warm her up a little,
She will cry and die. (icicle)
What kind of stars are through?
On a coat and on a scarf?
All through - cut-out,
And if you take it - water in hand. (snowflake)
Water, passing through the layers of the earth, it is purified naturally. To show this to Kolya clearly, we looked at many illustrations and studied information in the encyclopedia. Developed curiosity, observation, and speech. We tried to consolidate the knowledge gained in the drawing.
6 - 7 slides.
Where from? water in our house? There is no river nearby. We use artesian water. It is purified in a special place called a water treatment plant. At first water passes through special gratings, then filters, where water become completely clean. Pumps pump clean water into underground pipelines. Plumber engineers built a long path to every home, kindergarten, and store.
While looking through materials about water on the Internet, Kolya and I found a diagram of how water enters the house.
9 -10 slide.
While examining the house and basement, Kolya and I looked at ways to connect pipes. The pipe connection is sealed so that not a single drop of water is wasted.
The first room you enter water - kitchen. Introducing the use of water in the kitchen, we used didactic game « Water is a helper» We showed economical ways to use water.
From the kitchen water gets into the bathroom. Here Kolya washes and brushes his teeth. To use water sparingly, Kolya washes himself in the shower. When brushing your teeth, rinse your mouth with water in a glass.
If our hands are waxed,
If there are blots on your nose,
Who is our first friend then?
Will it remove dirt from your face and hands?
After spending research work, Kolya and I learned several rules for using water.
1. Close the water tap.
2. Do not release water in a strong stream.
3. Take as much water as needed.
Stage III. Generalizing.
At the general stage of work on our family environmental project We were involved in its design, photographed the stages of research activities, systematizing the work done, and summing up the results.
Conclusion.
Summing up the results of our research activities, we came to the conclusion that Kolya had mastered the acquired knowledge and ideas about the properties of water and its importance for humans. In practice, he applies the acquired knowledge and passes it on to his peers. Be careful when using water home.
LITERATURE
1. N. I. Ryzhova “Our home is nature”.
2. Volchkova V. N., Stepanova N. V. « Cognitive development» shopping center "Teacher" 2004
3. Volchkova V. N., Stepanova N. V. « Ecology» 2004
4. Encyclopedia "Live nature"
5. Internet resources.
Nadezhda Potashova
Family environmental project “Water in the House”.
Contest « Family environmental projects»
NOMINATION « WATER IN THE HOUSE» .
Work theme: « WATER IN MY HOUSE»
pupil senior group, MBDOU kindergarten No. 43, Armavir
Supervisor project: Potashova Nadezhda Evgenievna, teacher of senior group No. 8 of MBDOU Kindergarten No. 43 in Armavir, Krasnodar Territory.
Place of research - city apartment, country cottage area.
Time frame for the study: February-March 2016
Armavir, 2016
I. Introduction 3
1) Relevance.
2) Objectives of the study.
3) Research objectives.
4) Work plan
5) Research methods.
II. Main part. 4
III. Practical part. 5 – 19
IV. Conclusion. 20-21
V. List of references 22
I. Introduction:
The relevance of research: Water- the largest “food product” in terms of consumption in the human diet.
Water is a universal substance without which life is impossible. Water- an indispensable component of all living things. Plants contain up to 90% water, and the adult body contains about 70%. Man constantly uses water in his daily life.
Goal of the work: Study the need for water for human and plant life.
Research objectives:
1. Study Internet resources and literature on this topic.
2. Explore places in home where used water.
3. Find out where and how water enters the house.
4. Research a way to purify water at home.
Work plan:
Explain how important and irreplaceable water in human life;
How water was extracted and used in the past.
Find out where and how water flows into the faucet.
Identify and explore those places in home where used water.
Conduct experiments on water purification and draw a conclusion.
Research methods:
1. Observation, literature analysis, conversations with adults, conducting experiments.
II. Main part
Without water, the existence of all living organisms is unthinkable; Since ancient times, it was considered the primary source of life along with fire, air and earth. Everything created by nature contains water. Water- the most common, most unique and amazing substance in nature. Among all the substances present on earth, water Due to its special physical, chemical and quantum-mechanical properties, it occupies an exceptional position in nature and plays a special role in the existence of organic life. Water- the only substance found in huge quantities under natural conditions in all three states of aggregation - solid, liquid and gaseous. Covering about 3/4 of the surface of our planet, water is not only the cradle of all living beings, but has also continuously supported life for billions of years. On average, the body of animals and plants contains more than 50% water. In the body of a jellyfish it is up to 96%, in algae 95 - 99%, in spores and seeds from 7 to 15%. The soil contains at least 20% water, while the human body contains water is about 65%.
Modern man is accustomed to living comfortably, using a lot of clean water for domestic purposes, turning it dirty, pouring it into rivers and reservoirs, thereby polluting and harming the surrounding nature. Therefore, it is necessary to instill in children a caring attitude towards water as the source of life on Earth.
III. Practical part.
Hello!
My name is Igor Bespalov.
I am a pupil of Kindergarten No. 43 "Cheburashka" senior group No. 8 "Fidgets"
I live in a beautiful, green and modern city Krasnodar Territory - Armavir.
My family is very friendly and united.
Dad Andrey, Mom Vika, older sister Sofia.
One evening, while taking a bath at home, I thought about it: “Where did it come from? tap water? Why do we need water in the house? We use water every day, but it keeps flowing and flowing, it doesn’t end, why?” From that moment I decided to learn everything about water and explore all the places in home where used water.
From the encyclopedia "Why" which I read with my dad, I learned that “...rivers, rivulets and seas flow on earth for a reason!”; “...how a stream of water generates current!”
Oceans, seas, rivers, streams and lakes... Isn't there too much water in the world? The oceans have an important concern - to water the Earth. Everyone in the world drinks water, forests and fields, flowers and trees.
Without it, neither animals, nor birds, nor people can live.
But water not only gives everyone something to drink, but also feeds fish...
And also water- the widest and most comfortable road.
Water works at hydroelectric power stations - produces current.
And washes everyone too water. People wash, cars wash, cities and roads take a shower. Without water you can’t knead bread dough, you can’t prepare concrete for construction, you can’t make plastic, metal, candy, or medicine—you can’t do anything without water. That's what she is like water!
Reading a children's atlas with my mother "Peace and Man" I learned about the water cycle in nature
From the surface of oceans, seas and rivers water turns into steam and rises. There it cools and turns into water droplets, from which clouds form. From the clouds water falls on the ground and turns into rivers, and the rivers carry it to the ocean.
I asked the eldest sisters: “Where did people get water from in the old days?”
And Sofia told me that before people They went with buckets to fetch water from the river, fontanel, and built wells in the courtyard of their house.
I thought, how then water gets into our house? After all, now there are no springs or wells. The Internet and my favorite encyclopedia came to the rescue "Why".
And then I understood everything:
People laid pipes from the shore of a river or sea and put gratings on them so that nothing unnecessary and fish would get caught in the pipe. These pipes are then connected to pumps that pump it to a water treatment plant, where water passes slowly through huge tanks and all the garbage manages to settle to the bottom. Then, using complex filters, the water is purified from dirt, sand and various microbes. Turn on the faucet at home and cold, clear, clean water pours out. water. This is how water supply came into the house.
And then I decided to explore the apartment and find all the places where it is used water, which we take from nature.
And it turned out that there are a lot of such places.
Firstly, this is the bathroom. From early morning I take water and hygiene procedures. Then I shower and go to the garden, cheerful and cheerful.
Secondly, water often used on kitchen:
For operating a washing machine when washing clothes, for washing dishes, for preparing household supplies for the winter.
Even the cooler contains cold and hot spring water. It's nice to sit down with the whole family and have tea. Vodichka brings our family together over a cup of aromatic tea.
Also water It is used in our family for cleaning the house, cleaning clothes and shoes, and watering indoor flowers. With water in home always clean and tidy.
The batteries that heat our apartment also contain water, the temperature of which is regulated using a gas boiler.
to my for a pet Sherlock the ferret needs water every day. I take care of him and change his sippy cup daily.
When I wash my car with my dad, we get water from the tap in the yard. It is pumped directly from the well by a pump.
Without water it is impossible to get a good harvest. Only with constant proper watering does everything grow quickly. On weekends, I help my granny take care of her garden and greenhouses. I fill the ducks' sippy cups with water. And here there is nowhere without water!
Our outdoor recreation, by the river, sea travel, city walks in the park with fountains are always accompanied by WATER!
My mother, sister, and I decided to conduct several experiments at home in order to become more familiar with the qualities and capabilities of water.
We salted onions on the windowsill. Several onions were planted in the ground and watered thoroughly, and one was placed in a jar of water so that the root of the onion reached the water. For a week, the onion stood on the windowsill and basked in the sun. Every morning I checked the soil for moisture and watered it.
And the onion, which sprouted in the jar, checked that the roots reached the water. And so result: the whole onion sprouted and showed its green feathers. Only the onion that stood in a jar of water sprouted several times more than the one that was planted in the ground. Conclusion: Water gives life to plants; with sufficient moisture, plants grow quickly.
But I didn’t stop there and continued my experiments...
I decided to conduct an experiment on water purification... For the experiment I needed one empty vessel, a vessel with clean water, a little earth and sand, a piece of cotton wool and activated carbon. We poured some sand and soil into a vessel with water and stirred it with a stick. Dirty water is ready! Then we placed a funnel in a clean vessel into which we placed a piece of cotton wool and crushed activated carbon
(this is our filter).
Now let's start purifying the water. Pour the stirred dirty water from the second vessel into a clean vessel with an inserted funnel with a filter.
We pass dirty water through a funnel with cotton wool...
And what do I see... All the rubbish (sand and earth) remained on our filter. Water the vessel became almost clean...
And another study occurred to me while making myself tea. First, I put a spoonful of sugar into the hot water and, stirring it with a spoon, I saw that it had melted without a trace. Then I dipped a pot of black tea into the tea. My tea began to change color: Turned from clear to dark orange. I realized that water has the property of dissolving solids and change color when dyed.
IV. Conclusion.
After my research, observations and experiments I made conclusion:
1. water taken from the ocean - it is a gift from nature to man.
In my encyclopedia "Why" I read a wonderful thing poem:
A little neighbor asked the other day
At the stream pouring from crane:
Where are you from? Water in response:
From afar, from the ocean!
Then the baby walked in the forest.
The clearing sparkled with dew.
Where are you from? - asked dew.
Believe me - I’m from the ocean too!
Are you a soda, what are you sizzling?
And from the seething glass came whisper:
Know, Baby,
And I came from the ocean!
A gray fog fell on the field.
The kid asked the fog too:
Where are you from? Who are you?
And I, my friend, am from the ocean!
Amazing, isn't it?
In the soup, in the tea, in every drop,
In the ringing ice,
And in a teardrop,
And in the rain,
And in the dewdrop -
Will always respond to us
Oceanic water!
2. Water very important in the life of every person, animal and plant. Only where there is water is life! Water must be conserved and used sparingly! Do not pollute water bodies!
3. Water makes a long and difficult journey before getting to our tap.
4. After conducting experiments with water, I came to the conclusion that water can be purified in living conditions with the help of improvised means, and so
The same thing is that it is transparent and has the properties of dissolving solids and being colored.
Water our lifelong companion. We are nowhere without her!
References:
1. Alexander Dietrich: Why. Encyclopedia for the curious
2. Geographical atlas "Peace and Man",1987
3. Daria Ermakovich Great children's encyclopedia. Want to know everything. 2010
PerformersKudryavtseva Olga Magomedovna, Kudryavtseva Nastya.
Project type:creative, with elements of research activity.
Target:introduce the child to the meaning of water, its properties and form a conscious, careful attitude towards water.
Tasks:- generalize the child’s knowledge about where and how water gets into the house, how to use it sparingly;
Develop the child’s cognitive abilities in the process of observations;
Introduce your child to the properties of water;
Form the concept that water can be purified.
Relevance of the project.
During runtime project work the child becomes acquainted with physical properties water, the water cycle in nature. The child realizes the need to use water sparingly and draws conclusions about the value of water for all living organisms (animals, plants). Develops observation and creative abilities. The implementation of the project is carried out in the process of organization joint activities adults and children at home based on knowledge acquired in kindergarten.
The child was interested in this topic because we need water in everyday life. The experimentation has been very inspiring as limited water supplies are further reduced due to pollution. This is why it is so important to know how to purify water.
Introduction.
People cannot imagine their life without water. Water plays an important role in our lives; it accompanies us everywhere. Hosts land plots have the opportunity to build a well and use water for all household needs. The situation is completely different in apartment buildings. To provide residents with water, it is necessary to build a complex water supply system using special filtering devices. Therefore, even a minor breakdown in this system can have catastrophic consequences. Many people believe that water resources are inexhaustible. Hence - faulty or simply open taps in apartments, unrepaired, leaking pipes, clogged rivers and other bodies of water.
Our task, as parents of the younger generation, is to show how important it is to save water. In addition, water is not only a natural resource; without water, the life of all living beings is not possible.
Our observations.
How much water is needed for a particular purpose:
To prepare a cup of tea, you need to boil about 500 ml in a kettle. water, a cup of tea - about 150-200 ml.
To water one indoor plant, we use about 100-200 ml. water. We have 18 small plants and 3 large ones on our balcony. Watering small plants requires 18 x 100 ml. = 1800 ml. Watering large plants requires 3 x 200 ml. = 600 ml.
As a result, it takes 1800 ml to water all the plants in the house. + 600 ml. = 2400 ml.
We water the flowers once a week. This means that 4 x 2400 ml are spent per month on watering flowers. = 9600 ml. In summer, when the air temperature rises, we water the plants 2 times a week.
To change the water in an aquarium with turtles, we use ¼ of the aquarium's volume (approximately 4-5 liters). We change the water in the aquarium once every 2 days. It follows that we consume approximately 4 x 4-5 liters of water = 16-20 liters per week. Per month 4 x 16-20 liters = 64-80 liters.
2) How to prepare water for use:
For cooking and drinking, we pour cold water into pots and kettles and boil. Hot water in taps it is used for technical purposes: in heating radiators, for washing clothes, washing floors and dishes, for bathing.
For watering indoor plants After changing the water in the aquarium, we fill a container with cold water and let it sit for several days.
For what purposes is water used in a residential building?
Every day our whole family uses water from different points. First of all, water gets into the kitchen. Here we have a sink and a washing machine. In the kitchen, we use water to cook food, wash dishes, and wash clothes.
We use water in the shower and toilet room. We take care of hygiene every day, washing our face, brushing our teeth, and taking a shower.
We have indoor plants growing in our apartment; we use water to water them, which we let sit for several days. They live in Nastya's aquarium red-eared turtles, which also require water to survive.
From all of the above, we can conclude that we spend the most water on our own hygiene, food and drinking. An average amount of water is spent on keeping the house clean and for other needs.
Properties of water.
By the age of seven, a child has quite a lot of information about the properties of water, namely:
Water is a colorless, transparent liquid without taste or smell.
Water has three states: steam, ice, flowing. 
Water can be colored in any color: using artistic paints (watercolor, gouache), tea or coffee, food coloring.
Our experiments with water:
Snow is solid state water. We took snow from the freezer and held it over a burning candle. As a result, the snow turned into water.
Nastya's observation in nature:TThe same thing happens in nature in the spring - the sun begins to warm up more strongly, and the snow melts, turning into water.
Heavy objects and materials sink in water, light ones float to the surface.
For the experiment, we used cold tap water, colored sand, and paraffin.
First, Nastya poured colored sand into the water and stirred it. The sand remained at the bottom.
Then they lit a candle and dripped molten paraffin into the same vessel. Drops of paraffin do not sink, remaining on the surface of the water.
Nastin's conclusion:sand is heavy, so it sinks, paraffin droplets are light, so they float on the surface of the water.
Where and how does water get into our home?
We found out that water enters the tap from a well or river. Only it doesn’t get into the tap right away. Those droplets that we used to wash our hands, for example, have come a long way. First, a person sent it from the river into pipes, where the water was purified, and after that it ends up in the tap. Used water from the tap goes into the sewer and through the drains back into the river.
We also found out that water has three states: flowing, steam and ice. Large bodies of water contain water in a fluid state. When the air temperature rises, when Sun rays heat the surface of the reservoir, the water turns into a vapor state and evaporates. Thus, it gathers in the atmosphere into clouds, and then into large clouds. Overcrowded clouds release the accumulated water in the form of raindrops. This is how the water reaches the surface of the earth again. When the air temperature drops below zero, the water in the reservoir turns into ice.
Nastin's conclusion:The state of the water depends on the air temperature. If it's cold, the water turns into ice (for example, ice cream, ice cubes are stored in freezer, it's always cold there). When water boils, it turns into steam because the temperature rises.
Experiment “Water Purification”.
It is very important to give your child the idea that water should not be polluted. Polluted water is unsuitable for use not only by humans, but also by all living organisms, which may die due to pollution. Show through experience that contaminated water can be purified even at home. Nastya was interested in the experience of water purification. First, we took a mug of tap water and poured sand and small pebbles, dry leaves and paper.
Question:Is it possible to use this water?
Answer:no, you can't, because it's contaminated.
Then we decided to conduct an experiment on water purification. To do this, take a clean container, a funnel for pouring liquid and a cotton pad, which was placed in the funnel.
Nastya carefully poured water from the mug into a clean container through a funnel with a cotton pad.
As a result, all the debris remained on the cotton pad, and the water that passed through the funnel into the container became clean.
Result:
During the experiment, we expanded our understanding of water, learned to treat water with care, and clean it from contaminants.
Conclusion.
As you know, fresh water reserves in the world are very small. These reserves are gradually depleted, and fresh water is becoming less and less. Water is one of the main resources on Earth. It is difficult to imagine what would happen to our planet if fresh water disappeared. But such a threat exists. All living things suffer from polluted water; it is harmful to human life. Therefore, water is our main wealth and must be protected! We learned how to save water and learn how to use it carefully and purify it at home.
Morozova Marina
Research objectives:
1. Show how important water is for human life.
2. Find out how water gets into the tap.
3. Study the places in the house where you need to use water.
4. Find out how water is purified and what quality it is in our city.
5. Get acquainted with the work of a home water purifier.
7. Suggest ways to use water economically at home.
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Preview:
Municipal Autonomous educational institution secondary school No. 18
Family environmental project
Topic: Water in the house
Performed:
Morozova Marina Alekseevna,
student of 2 "A" class
Supervisor:
Sergeeva Svetlana Alexandrovna
Primorsko-Akhtarsk
2012
Introduction
"You can't say that water
necessary for life:
water is life itself...
Water is the biggest thing
wealth in the world..."
A. de Saint - Exupery
The problem of water is becoming one of the most important not only in terms of its comprehensive and reasonable use, but also in terms of protecting sources: after all, water is a particle of a complex system. Life on earth depends on water.
Goal of the work: Explore quality drinking water.
Research objectives:
- Show how important water is for human life.
- Find out how water gets into the tap.
- Study the places in the house where you need to use water.
- Find out how water is purified and what quality it is in our city.
- Learn how a home water purifier works.
- Calculate how water is consumed at home in our family.
- Suggest ways to use water economically at home.
Theoretical part
Water is the cradle of life.
Water is the main “building material” for all life on earth. Water is the basis of everything we drink and eat. A person can live without water for only 7-8 days. Every day an adult needs 2 liters of drinking water. Our body does not tolerate dehydration well. When you lose 1 liter of water, you feel thirsty and tired.
Water affects everything life processes, occurring in the human body. In liquid aquatic environment the processes of digestion and assimilation of food take place. The human body is 70% water.
Even bones are 28% water. Intravascular fluid moves through our arteries and veins.
About half of the water you drink remains in the body even after 15 days. Therefore, it is very important what kind of water enters our body.
Waterborne diseases
Insufficient purification and disinfection of water can cause epidemics. This was the case in the Middle Ages, when half of all diseases—cholera, plague, and dysentery—were transmitted through water. Nowadays it spreads by water viral hepatitis And dysentery. Russia occupies a leading position in the world in terms of fresh water reserves, however, not all of this water is suitable for drinking. In general, only 85% of the population is provided with drinking water that meets safety standards. Poor quality drinking water can lead to acute intestinal infections. Rusty and worn-out pipes in the water supply network in most regions nullify all the efforts of municipal water treatment plants.
How does water get into the faucet?
The water supply starts far outside the city. Powerful pumps pump water from the well to the treatment station. There, in water settling tanks, it is cleaned of small grains of sand and clay particles. Then the water is sucked in by pumps and pushed into a huge pipe. Water flows along it to the highest point in the city. This is a water distribution station. They don't add it to the water a large number of neutralizing agent - chlorine or ozone gas. These substances destroy harmful bacteria and microorganisms. After cleaning, the water runs through the pipes to our house. When the tap is opened, the valve rises and water rushes into the vacated passage.
Practical part
Water use in the home
There are 6 water use points in our house. This is a car wash washing machine, bathroom, toilet, sink, outdoor water tap. Every day our entire family uses water from these points. In the bathroom we wash ourselves, brush our teeth, take a shower, bathe, use the toilet, do laundry, and get water for cleaning the house, watering indoor plants, and drinking animals. In the kitchen we wash dishes and use water for cooking and drinking. We water the flowers outside and bathe the dog. As a result, a large amount of water is needed.
Is the water in our homes clean?
In order to find out people's opinions about the quality of water in our city, we conducted a survey among city residents. 25 people were interviewed. All respondents note that tap water has dark color, bad smell, sediment upon settling. All respondents believe that water needs to be further purified because it contains bacteria, microbes, harmful substances, which have a detrimental effect on the body. In order not to put your health at risk, water must be treated with ultraviolet light or use water filters.
How to purify water at home?
There are several ways to purify water at home:
1.Settlement - during settling in water, a sediment of mechanical impurities is formed. The color of the water remains yellow, the smell is unpleasant, chemical impurities and microbes remain in the water. In our city, settled water can only be used for watering indoor plants. But not for drinking.
2. Boiling - during boiling in water a large number of harmful bacteria, viruses, impurities, but also die useful material. The color, smell and taste remain the same. In our city, many people use boiled water for drinking and cooking.
3.Freezing is the longest and most troublesome way to purify water. The water needs to be frozen. At low temperatures in water they die harmful microorganisms and viruses. After water for a long time defrosted. Color, smell and taste do not change. It is impossible to stock up on the required amount of water for use in a short time.
4.Filtration is the most effective method purifying water from mechanical and chemical impurities, microorganisms, viruses, bacteria, unpleasant odor. Makes water clearer, without unpleasant tastes. But not all filters purify water equally. We compared filtered water using a pitcher filter ( Photo 1) and the Geyser Prestige filter with a reverse osmosis system ( Photo 2)
If you use a filter jug to purify our water, the water will get rid of harmful impurities and infections, but the color, taste and smell will remain the same. And the water, after purification with the Geyser Prestige filter, became colorless, odorless and impurity-free.
We purified the water using all methods and compared the purification results. (Photo 3) The cleanest and most odorless water was from the Geyser Prestige filter.
How does the Geyser Prestige filter work?
"Geyser Prestige" is the most advanced water purification at home. Water passes through six stages of purification (mechanical filter, 2 filters with activated carbon, mineralizer) and, most importantly, through a reverse osmosis membrane, in which the size of the holes is comparable to a water molecule.
Included with the filter:
Storage tank 12 liters
Clean water tap
The result is:
Complete purification of water from hardness salts.
The water quality is comparable to glacier meltwater.
Ideal water for brewing tea, coffee and cooking.
Mineralization of water with natural components.
How do we use water at home?
For a week, our whole family monitored the water consumption in the house.
Based on these observations, we compiled a table of water consumption for the whole family.
For 1 time | For 1 Month | In a year |
|
Morning procedures | 5 l. | 900 l. | 10800 l. |
Shower Bath | 100 l. 200 l. | 9000 l. 2400 l. | 108000 l. 288000 l. |
Toilet | 9 l. | 5400 l. | 64000 l. |
the washing up dishes | 72 l. | 4320 l. | 51840 l. |
Wash | 85 l. | 1020 l. | 12240 l. |
Cleaning apartments | 10 l. | 120 l. | 1140 l. |
Food, drink | 10 l. in a day | 300 l. | 109500 l. |
On animals | 1 l. in a day | 30 l. | 360 l. |
Ways to save water in your home
- Turn off the water tap while being distracted by other things.
- If the faucet is leaking, it must be replaced immediately.
We deliberately left the dripping faucet overnight. In the morning it turned out that 3 liters of water had flowed out of the faulty tap overnight. For a month - 90 liters. For a year - 1080 liters.
Although water is the most abundant substance on earth and its reserves are enormous, there is not so much fresh water. To fully meet the growing water needs of industry, Agriculture, as well as the everyday needs of a person, today it is necessary not only to find new sources, but also to treat existing ones with care.
conclusions
1. Water is not only the most common, but also the most important liquid in nature. Suffice it to say that life originated in water. Without it, the existence of animals and plants is not possible. Life exists only where there is water. Without clean fresh water, humanity, industry and agriculture cannot exist and develop.
2. During the research, I learned that water treatment plants are quite complex enterprises with many different workshops, structures, mechanisms, equipment and communications. Water travels a long way before it reaches the tap. But in our city the water is not clean enough and requires additional purification.
3. During observation, calculations and measurements of water consumption in the house, we found out that my family uses water moderately - that is, for household needs and those necessary for us.
We spend the most water on personal hygiene, eating and drinking.
An average amount is spent on keeping our house clean and on other needs.
Bibliography
1. A. Merkulov “The most amazing liquid in the world.” Moscow 1978 " Soviet Russia" Kyiv 1982 "Budivelnik".
2. Yu. Novikov “Attention: water.” Moscow 1983 "Young guard".
3. S. K. Kolobanov, E. S. Kolobanova, L. M. Bely “Water in nature and technology.”
APPLICATION
Photo1
Photo2
Photo3
From left to right
1.Water from the tap. 2.Water after freezing. 3.Water from a geyser. 4. Boiled water. 5.Settled water.
“People who have learned... from observations and experiments,
Gain the ability to ask questions themselves
and get answers to them,
being on a higher level
mental and moral level
in comparison with those who did not go through such school"
K. E. Timiryazev
Relevance of the project topic
Water is a colorless liquid, tasteless and odorless, an active solvent with high surface tension. During the implementation of project work, the child becomes familiar with the physical properties of water, as well as how it is necessary to save water and why. This project instills the skills of environmentally conscious behavior in everyday life, in particular the child’s ability to use water sparingly, and to understand the need for such an attitude towards water as a natural resource. Develops observation, creativity, and fosters a caring attitude towards water. The progress of the project is aimed at implementing an activity-based approach to teaching preschool children; the focus is on the child’s educational and play needs, the development of self-management skills in learning, self-assessment and mutual assessment of success in development and learning. We called our project “Water in the House.” The goal of the development was learning, but not mechanical memorization and reproduction by the child of the studied material, but understanding, comprehension, the ability to explain one’s position and vision of the harmony of nature with the purity of the water space. Our work was mainly carried out in natural conditions, in nature, at home. Why was the topic “Water in the House” chosen? Yes, simply because it interested the child himself, where does the water come from in the house and what can be done with it. There is both a lot and a little water on Earth at the same time. There is a lot of it in the oceans and seas, but sea salt water is unsuitable for drinking, as well as for many technical agricultural productions. Limited fresh water supplies are being further reduced due to pollution. Fresh water is suitable for drinking and cooking. It is also used for household needs: watering plants, washing dishes, cars, premises, washing, caring for animals. Every living thing on Earth needs water.
Information from the Internet.
97% of the water on the planet is salt waters seas and oceans.
2% of water is ice.
1% of water is fresh water.
3% – suitable for humans.
Fresh water reserves are distributed as follows:
Fresh water reserves on Earth (3%).
69-75% - Arctic, Antarctic, Greenland, mountain glaciers, icebergs.
24-30% - groundwater.
0.5% - atmospheric moisture.
0.5% - surface water.
Interesting facts about water.
If you use a glass when brushing your teeth, you save 5–10 liters of water.
A fully open tap drains up to 15 liters of water per minute.
About 1000 liters of water per hour are poured through an open tap.
Even the smallest leak carries up to 80 liters of water per day.
Washing a pile of dirty dishes under a strong stream takes about 100 liters of water.
When washing a car with a hose, up to 200 liters of water are consumed.
When water leaks in the toilet, 40 liters of water are wasted per day.
Taking a shower for 5 minutes, you use about 100 liters of water
By filling the bathtub only halfway, you use 150 liters of water
To take a bath you need three times more water than for the shower.
A plan was developed to implement the project:
1. Set goals and objectives for the chosen topic.
2. Involve parents in the implementation of sections of the project.
3. Development of homework and experiments.
4. Project summary.
Predicted result:
Find out with your child how to conserve water and why.
Show experimentally what properties water has.
Improving work on interaction with parents, enhancing the position of parents as participants in the pedagogical process kindergarten.
The goal of the project is to instill in a child a caring attitude towards water, to develop the experience of everyday environmental behavior in relation to water supplies. Learn to conduct simple experiments with water.
Tasks:
1. Give the child a clear idea of how necessary water is in nature.
2. Develop the child’s cognitive and creative abilities.
3. Create conditions for parental participation in the educational process.
4. Form a conscious – correct attitude towards natural resources.
Principles:
The principle of conformity with nature provides for the organization of the pedagogical process in accordance with the laws of nature, its rhythms, and cycles.
The principle of problematization is to create conditions for posing and solving problems, introducing human culture into the world through its open problems by increasing the activity and initiative of the child in solving them.
The principle of relying on leading activity is realized in the organic connection of play with other specifically children’s activities (visual, constructive, etc.) that interact and enrich each other.
The principle of cooperation and co-creation presupposes the unity of an adult and a child as equal partners, provides the opportunity for self-development of each, dialogical interaction, and the predominance of empathy in interpersonal relationships.
Accounting principle age characteristics allows you to consider various problems on accessible level, and then return to the previously studied material at a new, higher level.
Development principle personal qualities the child is aimed at developing a positive, respectful attitude towards natural resources, i.e. to fresh water.
TOPICS OF OBSERVATIONS AND SEARCH TASKS
WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION.
Preparatory stage.
Selection of material, manuals, literature on the topic.
Conducting a conversation with the child regarding water consumption: “Who needs water”, “Why save water”, “The importance of water in our lives”.
Conversation "How did the water come to us?"
Research stage.
During the project, the child and the adult:
Checks how water is being used and whether there is any water leakage at home.
Conduct random checks on the condition of water taps for leakage and economical use of water.
Conversations: “How we save water at home,” “How it gets into the tap.”
Gets acquainted with water and its properties.
From this we found out that water enters the tap from a well or river. Only it doesn’t get into the tap right away: those droplets with which we wash our hands have traveled a long way. First, a person sent it from the river (well) into pipes, where the water was purified and after that it comes to us. In order to pure water ran out of our tap, many people had to work hard: some made the pipes at the factory, others helped the water get into the pipes, i.e. they built a water pipeline, others purified the water, and others repaired the taps. And sometimes it seems to us that water flows from the tap itself and there is a lot of it, there is no need to save, let it flow! But we now know that water flows into the tap from the river, and if all people leave the taps open, what can happen? We began to observe how we use water. It turned out to be unreasonable: We brush our teeth, the tap is open, and water flows into the sewer. We forget to turn off the tap. Wash dishes while keeping the tap open. We don’t close the tap tightly, and the water slowly drips out. A child in the dining room washes his hands with the tap turned on completely.
PROPERTIES OF WATER
During the experiments, we found out what properties of water there are: transparent, odorless, colorless, solvent, flowing.
Conclusion.
To reduce water loss, you need to:
do not leave taps open;
monitor the serviceability of the taps;
regulate the strength of the water jet;
wash dishes in a cup using a minimum detergent.
turn off the water while brushing your teeth;
reduce pressure when washing dishes;
in the toilet, reduce the filling level;
wash dishes in a cup.
Summarizing. Rules for caring for water.
Pay attention to whether water flows from the tap at home in vain. If you notice this, turn off the tap. It happens that we spend a lot of water uselessly without noticing it. For example, you wash your hands, wash your face under a strong stream. Close the tap a little. This will not interfere with washing, and less water will leak. Learn to brush your teeth without wasting water. To do this, do not leave the tap open while you brush your teeth and rinse your mouth. Immediately pour water into the glass and close the tap. It is very convenient to rinse your mouth from a glass. And how much water will you save! If water flows due to a malfunction of the tap or water dispenser, you must immediately inform an adult. Do not litter on river banks, do not wash cars in them.
Methods for assessing success: observations, conversations, workshops.
Project participants: Nikita Demidov – student middle group MBDOU kindergarten No. 4 in the village of Unarokovo and his mother Tatyana Nikolaevna Demidova.
Project type: educational and research.
Duration of the project: short - urgent (from 02/20/2013 to 03/17/2013).
Subject of research: properties of water.
Preliminary work:
Group conversation "How did water come to us?"
Next story: "Golden Drop".
Educator: “Golden water” flows in our taps. Why do we call it golden? Because there is less and less of it on our planet. Remember how you and I use water at home and in the kindergarten? What should you do to avoid water loss? You need to close the taps tightly behind you and use water sparingly. Let's save water, if you see a faucet that is not closed, close it; if you notice a faucet that is not closed tightly, close it tighter. Save water both at home and in the garden.
Reading the final part of the poem “Yesterday and Today” by S.Ya. Marshak.
The rocker with the bucket rattled throughout the house:
- No one walks on water, no one takes the rocker.
They began to live according to a new fashion - they installed running water.
Women are getting lazy these days. Have your shoulders become weak?
The river has gone crazy - it went home on its own!
And it happened, with a chime to its green banks
The girls were walking along the pavement for water.
They came close to the river, bowed low to the river:
- Hello, river, our mother, let us get some water!
And now my two-year-old grandson can turn it with one hand
The handle of the faucet is like a key - and the water flows like a river...
Nowadays there is little sense in people, the yoke is missing!
First experience.
Goal: Find out what happens to water during the freezing process.
Conclusion: The volume of water increases.
Second experience.
Purpose: Find out whether the needle and checkers can stay on the surface of the water.
Conclusion: Water can hold a needle and checkers on the surface.
Third experience.
Goal: Find out whether the candle will burn completely in water.
Conclusion: The candle burned out completely.
Fourth experience.
Goal: Find out how the egg behaves in fresh and salt water.
Conclusion: An egg sinks in fresh water. In salt water it floats to the surface. If you pour in fresh and salty water in turn, the egg floats in the water column.
Fifth experience.
“Can paper be glued together with water?”
We take two sheets of paper, move them one way and the other in the other direction. We wet the sheets with water, press lightly, squeeze out excess water, try to move the sheets - they don’t move.
Conclusion: Water has a gluing effect.
Sixth experience.
Conclusion: the ice melts and turns into water, thanks to the humidity the plant receives nutrition.
Seventh experience.
Conclusion: people use water in different ways.
Eighth experience.
Purpose: Steam is also water.
Conclusion: water evaporates.
Ninth experience.
Purpose: Some substances dissolve in water, some do not dissolve"
Conclusion: Sugar dissolved in water, and sweet water was obtained.
Tenth experience
Conclusion: Water changes color.
Conclusion
During the study, we expanded the child’s knowledge about water, introduced them to the causes of pollution of water bodies and measures to protect them, and taught them to take care of water and save it.
They taught us to understand and realize how important water is in nature and what properties it has.
Based on the results of the work, it was noted: all animals on the planet, plants, trees feed on water;
Icicles and snow melt from any heat source, turning into water.
Water has no smell, color or taste.
Perhaps this will solve it in the future global problem humanity. After all, first of all, before changing the world, start changing yourself.
