Trichomonas, trichomoniasis, trichomoniasis in men: symptoms and treatment. Trichomoniasis in men: treatment at home How long does it take to treat trichomoniasis in men

Every year, more than 170 million people are infected worldwide. Doctors often diagnose the infection in men.

What is trichomoniasis?

Trichomoniasis in men is the most common sexually transmitted disease; the lesion occurs in the urethra and prostate gland. Penetration of infection into the body mainly occurs through sexual contact in the vagina. It is almost impossible to become infected with trichomoniasis through oral and anal sex.

There are three types of Trichomonas in men:

1. Vaginal - it is the most active and dangerous.
2. Oral.
3. Intestinal.

The mucous membrane lining the genitourinary tract is the optimal habitat for vaginal Trichomonas. This infection is especially dangerous because it can penetrate both organs and blood, as well as absorb pathogens of other sexually transmitted infections: chlamydia, candida fungi, herpes viruses. Having absorbed it, Trichomonas protects them from the effects of drugs.

The spread of pathogenic pathogens throughout the body occurs due to mobile trichomonas, which infect the body and reduce immunity, as a result of which harmful viruses and bacteria constantly penetrate into the body. People infected with trichomoniasis are at risk of contracting HIV.

Trichomonas - refers to the simplest single-celled organisms that reproduce in oxygen-free conditions, the infection can remain in a humid environment for several hours, so you can also become infected through household means - through washcloths, towels, after visiting a swimming pool, sauna. But outside the human body, the infection lives only for a few hours, so it is quite difficult to become infected with this infection in everyday life. However, this sexually transmitted disease is the only one that has the possibility of infection through household means, albeit insignificant.

Timely detection of trichomoniasis in men allows the person who seeks help to be quickly cured of the causative agent of the disease, but the symptoms are often so unnoticeable that men come to the hospital when complications develop.

The main signs of trichomoniasis in men

Signs of trichomoniasis in men: inflammation of the organs and tissues of the genitourinary system (there is a high probability of the disease occurring acutely and chronically). One of the features of this venereal disease in men is that the primary symptoms are not noticeable enough.

When the infection begins to progress and enters the chronic stage, damage to the genitourinary system leads to:

• inflammation of the seminal vesicles (vesiculitis);
• urethra (urethritis).

The prostate gland inevitably suffers (prostatitis), and then a man turns to doctors. Trichomoniasis is so dangerous that it can lead to infertility; the infection has a detrimental effect on the condition of sperm.

The manifestation of trichomoniasis in men is based on the following signs. First of all, a man notices the disease: itching and discomfort in the penis area, pain and burning when urinating, mucous, sometimes yellow-green discharge from the penis, redness, swelling and irritation of the foreskin and glans penis, nagging pain in the perineum , difficulty urinating.

• Before contacting a doctor, it is recommended to abstain from sexual contact for one or two days, not to use specialized intimate hygiene products, and stop taking medications.
• In the evening, carry out hygiene measures with warm water and mild soap. On the day of your visit, you do not need to wash your intimate parts; you should refrain from visiting the toilet two to three hours before your appointment with a specialist.
• During the examination, try to remember all the symptoms, tell the doctor in detail what exactly is bothering you, whether this has happened before, what sexually transmitted diseases you have suffered from, what you are currently suffering from, how you protect yourself.

The following tests for trichomoniasis are used to detect:

Since trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease, the partner will also have to treat it, even if the latter is not bothered by anything, otherwise there is a high probability of re-infection. Doctors most often prescribe metronidazole and tinidazole, antibiotics from the 5-nitroimidazole group, for example nimorazole, ornidazole, ternidazole. They are prescribed for oral administration.

These drugs are not compatible with alcohol, so it is necessary to abstain from it during treatment. The listed medications are highly effective; the main thing is to follow the prescription and recommendations of the doctor and the manufacturer (the doctor prescribes the dosage and course of treatment individually for each person). For local treatment, doctors prescribe rozamet and rosex ointments.

Sometimes additional treatment is prescribed to boost immunity, physiotherapy, prostate massage, and urethral drip administration of drug solutions. These procedures are especially important for trichomoniasis, which has become chronic; treatment usually takes longer, drugs are often combined. It is strongly not recommended to self-medicate, as this can lead to difficult-to-treat consequences, including the disease becoming chronic.

If you have taken antibiotics, but the results have not come, contact your specialist again; he may increase the dose and prescribe another course of treatment. During treatment of trichomoniasis, sexual relations are undesirable.

If the disease has become chronic or the form of trichomoniasis is complicated, doctors use stimulating therapy. It includes immunostimulants and immunocorrectors, which are prescribed strictly individually.

How to treat trichomoniasis in men most effectively?

• To boost immunity, doctors mainly prescribe Kagocel. It is an antiviral agent with immunomodulatory properties.
• Often, in addition to Kagocel, Legalon is prescribed, it is a hepatoprotector. Trichomonas has a TANK function, so to enhance the antibacterial effect, clarithromycin is also prescribed, a course of ten days.
• To get rid of unpleasant sensations during illness, specialists can prescribe symptomatic therapy - various painkillers, including antispasmodics.

How to treat trichomoniasis in men in complicated cases?

If doctors have diagnosed mixed infections, the identified pathogen is treated with the following drugs: antibiotics for chlamydia, antifungals for thrush in men, antibiotics for prostatitis. A week after etiotropic therapy, a culture is performed on an artificial medium and a polymerase chain reaction of the smear material is performed to see if trichomoniasis is cured.

Modern scientists have conducted research and identified the most effective drugs for the treatment of trichomoniasis, among which are:

• Ornidazole.
• Tenonitrozole.
• Nimorazole.

They have proven the safety and effectiveness of treatment with the means described above.

Do not forget about the prevention of trichomoniasis. To avoid getting infected again, include the following simple measures in your life: use protection (for all types of sexual intercourse), regularly visit a specialized doctor and have your health examined.

• Symptoms
  • Danger of disease
• Diagnostics
• Therapy
  • Medications
  • Home Remedies

Forms of the disease depending on its course

Trichomoniasis in men goes through 2 stages of development:

1. Spicy.

1. Chronic.

Trichomoniasis in men of this form is observed if more than two months have passed since the date of infection and during this period no treatment was carried out or the man did not comply with the doctor’s prescription. In photographs of men with trichomoniasis, the genitals look healthy.

The chronic form of trichomoniasis greatly worsens the patient's quality of life, leading to inflammation of the genitourinary system, causing problems in sexual life. It is in the chronic form that other infections are observed, resulting in various complications.

In this case, the attending physician, when deciding how to treat trichomoniasis in a man, must take into account the additional complications. The chronic form is characterized by a sluggish course of trichomoniasis with temporary exacerbations. Factors contributing to exacerbations are: poor intimate hygiene, metabolic disorders, hypothermia, weak immunity, hormonal imbalance.

There is a type of chronic disease in which a man does not feel any discomfort at all (Trichomonas carriage). But at the same time, Trichomonas breed and multiply in his body, they are located on the mucous membranes of the genital organs, the patient’s urethra, and with any unprotected sexual contact they will quickly migrate to the partner’s body. Such a man is a source of danger, although he considers himself healthy, does not think about how to treat trichomoniasis, or does not even suspect that he is sick.

How can you become infected with trichomoniasis?

• Domestic infection. In this case, personal belongings used by the patient become infected.
• Direct contact with blood, saliva, sperm of the patient.
• Sexual contact and touching the genitals of a patient with trichomoniasis.

There is a high probability of infection with Trichomonas not only through vaginal contact, but also through oral sex and anal sex.

Reasons why the disease appears

These include people:

• having sexual contact with many partners;
• suffering from STDs.

If a husband is diagnosed with trichomonas, the wife should think about where he “caught” them, and at the same time be sure to get checked and treated herself.

Symptoms

The course of trichomoniasis in men is sluggish, the disease develops gradually, the first symptoms do not appear immediately. Initially, there is an incubation period, which lasts about a month.

Trichomoniasis affects the prostate gland, urethra, and testicles. After the incubation period, the main symptoms of trichomoniasis in men appear:

• burning and sharp pain when urinating;
• feeling of a full bladder after emptying it;
• grayish, yellowish or white discharge from the urethra;
• ulceration of the urethra;
• inflammation of the seminal vesicles;
• residual traces of blood in urine and semen;
• pain in the anus, perineum.

These symptoms of trichomoniasis are characteristic of its acute form. After a few weeks, all symptoms disappear, and men happily believe that trichomoniasis has gone away on its own. This belief is fundamentally wrong, the causative agent of trichomoniasis has not disappeared anywhere, the disease has become chronic. Treatment of trichomoniasis in men is carried out by urologists and venereologists.

Danger of disease

Sometimes there are no manifestations of the disease at all. In this case, the diagnosis of trichomoniasis in men is postponed for a long time, because he feels healthy. A person carries an infection within himself, becoming dangerous to all his sexual partners.

Trichomonas, developing, opens the way for other pathogens of infectious diseases. They negatively affect the epithelium that lines the inside of the urethra, which contributes to the rapid development of other infections. Therefore, mycoplasmosis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and thrush are often found together with trichomoniasis. In this case, additional symptoms of trichomoniasis in men appear, and treatment will take longer.

Diagnostics

Trichomoniasis cannot be recognized by external signs, since there are no specific manifestations of the disease.

The sensitivity of the analysis is 40%. By staining a smear with 1% methylene blue it is possible to detect trichomonas, candida, and gonococci. But in the chronic stage of the disease, such an analysis may be negative.

If the diagnostic results reveal trichomoniasis, the man will need to be tested for other sexually transmitted diseases.

Therapy

Medications

When treating the disease with medications, the following medications are used:

1. Flagyl, Metrogyl, Trichopolum (based on metronidazole).
2. Ametine, Tridazole, Fazizhin (contains tinidazole).
3. Meratin, Orgil (ornidazole base).
4. Complex antimicrobial drugs, such as Ginalgin, Klion-D, Macmiror.
5. Immunomodulators (Kagocel, tinctures of ginseng, lemongrass).
6. Medicines that promote the formation of antibodies and enhance the therapeutic effect of anti-Trichomonas drugs, such as Solcotrichovac, Pyrogenal. With the help of such means, a person receives temporary immunity to the disease.
7. Topical ointments (Rosex, Rozamet).

When choosing how to treat trichomoniasis in men, the doctor focuses on specially developed therapeutic regimens. The duration of therapy is on average 8-12 days. In the chronic form, the medicine for trichomoniasis is administered using injections or droppers.

Therapy is carried out according to specially developed treatment regimens. There are short and long treatment regimens for trichomoniasis in men. The short one is designed for 6 days, the long one is designed for 10 days.

Sometimes, according to indications, symptomatic treatment with the use of antispasmodics and painkillers is prescribed.

The use of aggressive treatment must necessarily be accompanied by the use of hepatoprotectors to protect the liver and drugs with lacto and bifidobacteria to restore the intestinal microflora, which is killed by antibiotics.

Home Remedies

Self-treatment of trichomoniasis at home is highly not recommended. This will cause the disease to progress. Home remedies should be used to combat Trichomonas only after consulting your doctor and only as an additional therapy, without replacing medication.

Home remedies for treating trichomoniasis in men can maintain a therapeutic dose of antibiotic. The most effective folk remedies are:

1. Garlic.

It contains selenium, which has a positive effect on the immune system.

This remedy is not only an immunomodulator, but also prevents the development of infection and increases the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy.

Although trichomoniasis is difficult to diagnose, it is quite treatable. You should not hope that the disease will go away on its own, even if the symptoms have disappeared. If the disease is not treated, cystitis, pyelonephritis, urethritis, prostate cancer, and infertility may subsequently develop. After treatment, you need to follow preventive measures, which include using a condom, observing the rules of intimate hygiene, having a permanent sexual partner, and an annual preventive examination with a doctor.

One of the most common sexually transmitted infections is trichomoniasis in men. This is due to the fact that the causative agent of the disease is highly contagious. In this case, the symptoms of the disease are practically absent or invisible. Often, men seek qualified medical help after signs of complications appear, when the disease is already progressing in full force.

Treatment of trichomoniasis in men, if started in a timely manner, proceeds quite quickly and easily, and the causative agent of the disease completely dies. This is despite the fact that the complications of such a disease are quite complex if it is left untreated.

Trichomoniasis is characterized by the presence of inflammation of the organs and tissues of the genitourinary system of the body. The disease can have two forms: acute and chronic.

The complete absence of symptoms of trichomoniasis at the initial stage is a characteristic feature of this disease in men. If the causative agent of the disease is in the body for a long time and the infection progresses, more pronounced signs of the disease appear. These include damage to the genitourinary system. The prostate is most often affected. And only then do men begin to think about the disease and turn to a specialist for help. Trichomoniasis quickly becomes a chronic condition.

Trichomoniasis is transmitted mainly through sexual contact. The susceptibility of any organism to the causative agent of trichomoniasis is high, but the signs of the primary disease are almost invisible.

The causative agent of the disease

In medical science, there are three types of Trichomonas:

• vaginal, which is characterized by the highest pathogenicity and increased activity;
• oral;
• intestinal.

Trichomonas reproduce quickly and actively in conditions of human body temperature and the complete absence of oxygen. This environment is favorable for them.

In addition, pathogenic microorganisms Trichomonas, being active, spread infection throughout the body and can cause serious damage to organs and body systems. As well as a significant decline in the immune system.

Diagnosis of the disease

Since the symptoms of trichomoniasis in men are somewhat hidden, instrumental methods are used for diagnosis that confirm the presence of Trichomonas in the body. Usually complaints and external examination are not enough to make a correct diagnosis. The presence of Trichomonas in the body can only be definitively confirmed through laboratory tests. These include:

• microscopic examination of urethral smears;
• microbiological method, which consists in growing pathological microflora on a nutrient medium;
• method of immunological research;
• high-precision polymerase chain reaction.

Due to the fact that Trichomonas in the male body can turn into an amoebic form, it is sometimes quite difficult to isolate it.

Symptoms of the disease

As noted above, signs of trichomoniasis in men may be hidden and not appear until a certain period. The main danger of Trichomonas is for the testicles, epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate and urethra.

Men, often not knowing that they are carriers of the disease, pass it on to their sexual partner. Usually, signs of the disease appear along with unpleasant complications. If the signs of the disease are not identified in time and trichomoniasis is not treated, then this can lead to chronic prostatitis, non-gonococcal urethritis, chronic inflammation of the appendages and testicles, and even infertility for the patient.

The most interesting thing is that the incubation period of the bacteria is also quite vague. It ranges from 2 to 200 days. Such a hidden course makes this disease more dangerous and unpredictable, in addition, quickly turning into chronic trichomoniasis.

As a result of the fact that it is almost impossible to begin treatment of trichomoniasis at an early stage, it begins to manifest itself only when several infections are layered on top of each other and exhibit certain symptoms.

Symptoms are most often associated with the process of urination:

• pain, minor;
• morning false urge to urinate;
• There may be mucus discharge from the urethra.

Very rarely, symptoms appear immediately and contribute to timely seeking medical help.

In most cases, men are still carriers of Trichomonas without knowing it.

When infected with Trichomonas in men, the organs of the genitourinary system are affected, these are:

• urethra and urethra;
• testicles together with appendages;
• seminal vesicles;
• prostate.

The main symptoms of trichomoniasis in men

A peculiarity of the course of trichomoniasis in men is the absence of tangible symptoms. In the same case when they appear, it could be:

• burning,
• character,
• itching after sex or urination.

We can assume the development of trichomonas, which primarily affects the urethra. In this case, a visual examination shows changes in the tissue of the urethra and the accumulation of solid formations, which gradually leads to a significant narrowing of the lumen of the canal and severe pain during the passage of urine.

The nature of the infectious lesion is of an ascending type, therefore, after the urethra, the inflammation covers the bladder and travels through the ureters to the kidneys.

If the symptoms of trichomoniasis resemble the picture of prostatitis, it means that the pathogens have settled in the tissues of the prostate gland. Patients experience frequent, mostly false urges to urinate, and after the process there is always a feeling of incomplete emptying, a nagging pain in the area of ​​the affected organ and a noticeable decrease in erection.

If a man’s body is weakened by other diseases and the immune response is significantly reduced, ulcerative lesions of the skin of the median suture and the mucous membranes of the urethra may appear.

The chronic form of the disease is characterized by the absence of any symptoms or its weak, blurred manifestation. The only thing that may remind you of the presence of trichomonas is a significant decrease in erection and barely noticeable discomfort and difficulty urinating.

Treatment methods

Three laws of treatment:

1. Complete therapy is prescribed regardless of the form of the disease. The doctor decides how to treat trichomoniasis in men, choosing the most effective methods.
2. Both sexual partners must undergo the treatment course. Even if the second does not show signs of infection, treatment is carried out for preventive purposes. This is explained by the fact that the developed immunity against this pathology is temporary, and infection can occur at any time.
3. A full course of treatment is required. Even if all the symptoms of the disease have disappeared and the tests give a negative result, the prescribed amount of medications must be taken. Usually the course is 10-13 days, but can be continued according to the doctor’s decision.

Medicines for trichomoniasis

Several types of drug therapy are selected at once. The pathogen is affected both locally and centrally through systemic drugs. Fifth generation nitroimidazoles are usually prescribed internally, such as:

• Ornidozole,
• Tinidazole,
• Ternidazole,
• Metronidazole.

Local therapy involves applying ointments and creams to the affected areas:

• Rosex,
• Rosamet.

It is important to remember that medications for trichomoniasis are not compatible with any alcoholic beverages. Typically, doctors advise abstaining from drinking alcohol not only during treatment, but also for several weeks after its completion.

The effectiveness of anti-trichomosis drugs has been confirmed by clinical trials conducted by Ukrainian scientists at the Institute of Urology. Research has shown the following results.

Name of the drug	Percentage of complete recovery from the total number of subjects
Ornidozole together with Ternonitrosole	97, 8%
Ornidozole	93%
Nimorazole	85,8%
Tenonitrozole	89%
Metronidazole	41%
Tinidazole	45%

When diagnosing chronic trichomoniasis, in addition to the main antimicrobial drugs, the treatment regimen includes auxiliary dosage forms to maintain and stimulate the immune system. The drugs are selected from immunostimulants or biocorrectors. The drugs are prescribed by the doctor strictly individually according to a specific scheme.

In order to correct the immune response, Kagocel is used as an immunomodulator and Legalon as a hepatoprotector (see,).

If it is necessary to enhance the antibacterial qualities of therapy, Clarithromycin, which is a macrolide, is prescribed. In addition to these drugs, depending on the severity of the manifestations, the treatment regimen may include antispasmodics, painkillers, muscle relaxants or physiotherapeutic procedures.

In the event that laboratory tests show the presence of a concomitant infection, specialized drugs must be prescribed to destroy it. So, when infected, .

Possible complications of trichomoniasis

Failure to see a doctor in a timely manner, diagnosis at the chronicization stage of the process, or attempts at self-treatment usually lead to complications such as:

• inflammatory damage to the seminal tubercle and vesicles;
• inflammation of the excretory ducts in the prostate gland;
• cystitis,
• prostatitis,
• pyelonephritis,
• infertility.

In addition, scientists associate the presence of Trichomonas and the development of cancerous tumors on the reproductive organs.

Preventive actions

The main rule for preventing infection with trichomoniasis is to prevent infection with any STD pathogen. To do this, it is recommended to observe the following precautions:

• avoid unprotected casual sex;
• undergo regular preventive examinations;
• Always keep local antiseptics on hand and use them as needed;
• Never try to heal yourself.

Trichomoniasis (or trichomoniasis) urogenital is a disease exclusively of the human genitourinary system. The causative agent of trichomoniasis is Trichomonas vaginalis, which is sexually transmitted.

Next, we will consider what kind of disease this is, what are the causes, modes of transmission and symptoms in adults, and also why it is important to carry out a correct diagnosis and start treatment at an early stage so that serious consequences do not arise.

What is trichomoniasis?

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by human infection with vaginal trichomonas (Trichomonas vaginalis).

Trichomoniasis affects the human genitourinary system and is caused by a specific pathogen – Trichomonas vaginalis. It belongs to the group of protozoal infections and is characterized by the ability to persist for a long time inside the genitourinary organs, even under unfavorable conditions and the action of various drugs.

Trichomonas infection is present in 30–70% of the total female population, and in almost half of those affected, the characteristic symptoms of the disease are absent or mildly expressed.

The main route of transmission of trichomoniasis - sexual contact and household contact - is not considered in any way, although there is a point of view that infection is possible through freshly used bath accessories, on which fresh discharge of a patient with trichomoniasis could remain.

• In men, pathogens are found in the urethra, prostate gland and seminal vesicles, and from secretions - in semen and prostate secretions.
• In infected women - in the vagina and Bartholin glands, cervical canal, urethra. Neisseria and chlamydia are often found inside Trichomonas; in these cases, gonorrhea accompanies trichomoniasis, complicating the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Features of the pathogen

Incubation period, that is, the time from the moment of infection to the appearance of the first symptoms of the disease ranges from 1 day to 1 month, on average - from 5 to 15 days.

Trichomonas:

• quickly lose viability outside the human body. A prerequisite for life is the presence of moisture; when dried, they quickly die.
• Not resistant to high temperatures (over 40°C), direct sunlight, or antiseptics.

Forms of trichomoniasis:

1. Fresh – up to two months.
2. Chronic. It is characterized, as a rule, by a torpid course lasting more than two months.
3. Carriage of Trichomonas infection. When trichomonas are detected in the laboratory, there are no clinical symptoms of the disease.

Causes of trichomoniasis

In fact, 90% of the population are carriers of Trichomonas, but in most people it does not manifest itself in any way.

How can you become infected with trichomoniasis?

• unprotected sexual contact;
• a large number of sexual partners;
• previously suffered or not fully cured sexually transmitted diseases.

The development of trichomonas in the body is facilitated by hormonal imbalances, metabolic disorders, and a decrease in the body’s immune response. Immunity to trichomoniasis is not developed, so you can become infected again.

Factors contributing to the development of urogenital trichomoniasis:

• endocrine system disorders;
• metabolic disorders;
• hypovitaminosis;
• bacterial contamination of the vagina, accompanied by a change in its acidity;
• menstruation and postmenstrual period.

First signs

Trichomoniasis, like gonorrhea, is almost impossible to recognize on your own, except for frequent discharge from the genitals. A transparent, large drop is the only symptom inherent in everyone with trichomoniasis.

Indirect signs of trichomoniasis:

• pain when urinating (as with gonorrhea);
• strong periodic burning sensation;
• pain in the lumbar part of the body.

In the acute phase of trichomoniasis, symptoms begin to appear quite pronounced in the form of:

• temperature rise;
• increase in ESR;
• development of leukocytosis.

Symptoms of trichomoniasis in adults

Typically, the incubation period for trichomoniasis lasts from 2 days to 2 months. If trichomoniasis occurs in an erased form, then the first symptoms may appear several months after infection with decreased immunity or exacerbation of other chronic infections.

Trichomoniasis (depending on the severity of symptoms and duration) can occur in acute, acute, chronic forms and as trichomonas carriers.

The onset of an acute inflammatory process is predominantly characterized by the appearance of vaginal discharge, as well as discharge from the urethra. It is the discharge arising from the genital tract that is the main and most common symptom, and such discharge is noted in about 75% of cases.

The main symptoms of trichomoniasis are discharge from the urethra or vagina, the entry point of infection. Among women, this symptom is observed in approximately 8 out of 10, and in men – in half of cases of trichomoniasis.

Among women

With the development of trichomoniasis, women experience characteristic complaints:

• discharge from the genitals (abundant, often serous-purulent, foamy - characteristic of trichomoniasis);
• itching, burning, pain when urinating;
• swelling and hyperemia (redness);
• occurrence in the folds of the vaginal mucosa;
• pain upon examination, when pressing on the urethra - the appearance of discharge;
• macerated skin;

Genital warts often occur simultaneously.

If the disease affects the cervix (endocervicitis), then swelling of the cervix occurs, accompanied by copious discharge. Erosion often occurs.

In men

After the urogenital trichomonas has entered the male body, its vital activity provokes the development of the so-called trichomonas. This infectious and inflammatory disease is accompanied by a number of clinical symptoms:

• A burning sensation during urination or after intimacy;
• Mucopurulent discharge from the urethral canal, accompanied by discomfort and unpleasant odor;
• Formation of compaction (strictures) in the urethral area;
• Signs of inflammatory damage to the testicles and their appendages, as well as the prostate gland.

The infected person may be unaware that he is the source of the spread of infection, and transmit Trichomonas to sexual partners or family members.

Therefore, if a man has even the slightest signs of a urogenital infection, he needs to contact a urologist and get tested not only for trichomoniasis, but also for other STIs.

As a rule, the symptoms of the acute form of trichomoniasis appear for about 1-2 weeks, after which the clinical manifestations either decrease or disappear, or transition to the chronic form of the disease.

Complications

Complications of trichomoniasis:

• Acute or chronic inflammatory lesions of the genital area in women and men: endometritis, salpingoophoritis, urethritis, etc.
• During pregnancy, the risk of miscarriage, premature birth, infection of the fetus, and the development of purulent-septic complications of the postpartum period increases.
• Male and female infertility.
• Increased risk of contracting other sexually transmitted infections. It has been proven that the presence of trichomoniasis in women doubles the risk of infection with type 2 herpes viruses and human papillomavirus infection, as well.

Diagnostics

Laboratory diagnostic methods are used:

• microscopic examination of native smears from the vagina, urethra and cervix (reliable only with rapid microscopy of freshly taken smears);
• microscopic examination of Gram-stained smears;
• cultural method (seeding mucus and urethral contents on nutrient media, but requires 4 to 7 days);
• PCR (polymerase chain reaction) - isolation of Trichomonas DNA from urethral or vaginal discharge (very expensive analysis).

In most cases, trichomoniasis is accompanied by the following infections:

• gonorrhea;
• chlamydia;
• mycoplasmosis;
• fungal infections (thrush in women).

This information should be taken into account when prescribing the appropriate course of therapy.

Treatment of trichomoniasis

How to treat trichomoniasis? Treatment requires compliance with several basic principles, these include the following:

• treatment of the disease in a simultaneous manner, that is, it implies treatment of both sexual partners;
• prohibition on sexual activity during treatment of the disease;
• elimination of factors that provoke a decrease in the body’s resistance, which implies the need to cure concomitant diseases, hypovitaminosis and other similar varieties;
• the use of anti-Trichomonas drugs in combination with local and general hygiene procedures.

Medicines for trichomoniasis

Before using any drug, be sure to consult your doctor, as... there are contraindications.

Drugs	Instructions
Metronidazole (Trichopol)	On the first day, take 1 tablet 4 times orally, with water. From the second to the seventh day inclusive, take 1 tablet 3 times a day, also orally with water.
Metronidazole	Antiprotozoal, antimicrobial drug. The mechanism of action is an inhibitory effect on the genetic apparatus of bacteria. In this case, all biological processes of the cell gradually stop and the microorganism dies. Contraindications are: pregnancy hypersensitivity to the drug.
Tinidazole	Take 4 tablets of 500 mg each at once, or 1/3 tablet 2 times a day for 7 days. Contraindications: hematopoietic disorders, pregnancy and lactation period, hypersensitivity to the drug
Klion – D	A combined drug that contains equal parts of metronidazole and miconazole (an antifungal drug). Prescribed in the form of vaginal suppositories, 1 piece at night for 10 days.

There is an approved treatment regimen for chronic trichomoniasis, as well as recurrent and various localizations:

• a single daily dose of 2.0 g of Metronidazole for 7-10 days or 500 mg 3 times a day for the same number of days,
• Tinidazole - 2.0 g once daily for 3 days.
• Highly effective with good tolerability and a small number of possible side effects is Ornidazole, or Ornizol, in a dose of 0.5 g - 2 times a day for 10 days.

Immunomodulatory agents are also used, which also suppress the development of concomitant infections, for example, fungal infections - 3 irrigations of the vagina and cervical area with a 0.04% solution of the drug Gepon in a dose of 5 ml - 1 irrigation each with a 2-3 day interval.

In addition, to reduce the harmful effects of antimicrobial drugs on the intestinal microflora, it is recommended to take medications containing bifidobacteria.

After taking Metronidazole, absolutely prohibited to use alcohol within 24 hours.

If the patient takes Tinidazole, then the duration of abstinence from alcohol is at least 72 hours. If these restrictions are not observed, a person risks experiencing adverse reactions such as dizziness, nausea and vomiting.

Trichomoniasis is considered cured when the pathogen is not detected during diagnosis and clinical symptoms are not observed. Sexual activity is prohibited during treatment. It is necessary to inform your sexual partner about the presence of trichomoniasis and other STDs, about the need for examination and treatment.

The result of treatment for trichomoniasis depends on the normalization of the microflora of the genitourinary system and the body as a whole. In women, a vaccine against inactivated lactobacillus acidophilus is used for this purpose. It is possible to prescribe immunomodulatory drugs.

Prevention

Prevention of trichomoniasis comes down to following the rules to prevent infection with sexually transmitted diseases. Basic recommendations:

• use condoms;
• be careful when choosing partners;
• avoid casual sexual relationships;
• Do not share towels, washcloths or other hygiene items.

Please also note that trichomoniasis is easily transmitted during sexual intercourse, so if there is a suspicion of an infection, both partners should be examined at once.

This is all about trichomoniasis in women and men: what kind of disease it is, its causes, what are the first symptoms and signs, features of treatment. Do not be ill!