Acne vulgaris on the back. How to treat acne vulgaris. Treatment of moderate acne vulgaris

Acne is a common occurrence, but only 30% of patients turn to a specialist for treatment. People who have purulent inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicle do not suspect that this is a serious problem. They use various cosmetics such as Black Mask - a mask for acne and blackheads. Such compositions do not completely eliminate the problem, but only temporarily extinguish the manifestations of the disease. Acne vulgaris needs therapy, even if there is a mild form of the disease. The presence of rashes is not a physiological norm.

Acne vulgaris is the result of an inflammatory process in the tissues of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles. Often the reason lies in the penetration of an infection into the body, such as staphylococcal. Germs enter the bloodstream through cracks and other damage to the skin and are carried throughout the body. The infection begins to spread rapidly, provoking the appearance of rashes. In this case, acne vulgaris manifests itself in a variety of ways. Inflammation develops in areas of the skin where many sebaceous glands are located. Usually the most acne is on the face, back and chest.

The essence and causes of acne

The initial stage of acne is comedones, or so-called blackheads. The mouth of the hair follicle is closed by a plug formed by the secretions of the sebaceous glands and particles of the keratinized upper layer of the epidermis. The next stage in the development of the disease is the addition of a secondary infection. At the base of the sebaceous plug, an infiltrative process begins. The inflamed area becomes painful.

Initially, acne on the face resembles small red nodules. The inflammation gradually intensifies, the infiltration accumulates, and there will be pus at the top of the pimple. After a few days, the capsule will open. Pus will come out of it, which, drying out, forms a crust on the surface. After the wound has healed, a trace often remains - a scar. If you do not treat acne, the process will spread, involving nearby glands. Vesicles with pus with a dense base appear. With regard to age, for example, in infants, acne vulgaris almost never occurs. Most often, the disease attacks in adolescence, that is, during puberty - 13-17 years. Acne on the face appears in the T-zone. Rashes can bother a person up to 25 years old.

The occurrence of acne at this age is associated with a change in hormonal levels:

1. An increase in the production of androgens, both in girls and in guys, causes the stimulation of the sebaceous glands.

2. The composition and consistency of the secretion produced by the glands undergo great changes. Its viscosity and density increases. It is more difficult for sebum to excrete from the ducts, the pores become clogged. Under the influence of oxygen and pollution, oxidation occurs and a sebaceous plug is formed, then comedones and acne.

3. Stimulation of keratinization of the epidermis leads to the fact that the upper stratum corneum of the skin is exfoliated more slowly. Its particles clog pores, creating favorable conditions for the appearance of acne.

If the adolescent's body is weakened, then the bacterial infection joins very quickly, which entails the formation of acne vulgaris. Particles of the epidermis and sebum create a favorable environment for the onset of an inflammatory process in the skin. Against this background, a bacterial infection develops rapidly.

The main causes of acne on the face and body are:

Hormonal disbalance. Any changes contribute to a decrease in immunity. Together with this, the function of the sebaceous glands increases.
Inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The quality of the skin is deteriorating. The resistance of the epidermis to bacterial infections decreases.
The instability of a psychological or emotional state provokes stress. This entails a decrease in the protective properties of the skin.
Endocrinological diseases.
Gynecological problems.

For a rash to occur, it is not necessary that several factors are present, 1-2 is sufficient.

Medication for acne

Treatment for acne vulgaris should be built depending on the cause of the problem and the severity of the disease. For mild acne, your doctor may prescribe medications containing ichthyol, sulfur, or lemon juice. For oily skin, adolescents can use lotions Oxy-5, Clerasil, Cleaskin. These agents have a bacteriostatic effect, cleanse pores from comedones and dry them. Skinoren cream also showed effectiveness. It contains azelaic acid. It inhibits bacterial growth and reduces free fatty acids in hair follicles, helping to reduce inflammation. Some dermatologists recommend treating mild acne with topical antibiotics such as erythromycin or tetracycline.

For moderate acne vulgaris, retinoids are used. Reviews indicate that Retin-A gel and cream help well. It removes plugs in pores and hyperkeratosis in hair follicles. Benzoyl peroxide antimicrobials are starting to be used in low concentrations. Antibiotics erythromycin, doxycycline, tetracycline are combined with the probiotic Bifidumbacterin and Nystatin. This normalizes the intestinal microflora. Therapy lasts at least a month. Then the specialist changes the remedy to prevent the development of addiction to such treatment.

With a severe form of the disease and the ineffectiveness of antibiotics, girls can be prescribed antiandrogen drugs or oral contraceptives with estrogen. A powerful remedy for complicated, inflamed acne is Isotretinoin, which is an artificial analogue of vitamin A. It slows down the development of acne.

How to get rid of blackheads at home?

In addition to medical methods of treating acne vulgaris in adolescents, there are ways that will help at home:

Compress with viburnum juice. The berries are chopped in a blender and squeezed. A piece of gauze is moistened with juice. The compress is applied to problem areas and kept for 5-10 minutes.
No less effective for acne and acne is a compress with aloe juice. It is able to draw out pus from the deepest layers of the skin. But, judging by the reviews, to achieve the best result, compresses should be done regularly, after at least 40 sessions.
An effective remedy for acne on the face of adolescents is propolis alcohol tincture. Wet her face at night. In the morning, the skin is cleansed with lotion. The procedure is repeated regularly for a month.
If the skin of the face is very oily and with acne, then it is recommended to wipe the problem areas with a slice of lemon twice a day. It has a drying and bactericidal effect.
An effective folk remedy for treating acne at home is a mummy mask. A spoonful of the substance is mixed with boiled water until a thick slurry is formed. A couple of spoons of honey are heated in a water bath and added to the mass. The mask is applied to the cleansed face for 20-25 minutes and washed off with warm water.

Herbal decoctions will help get rid of vulgar and rosacea:

At home, you can make chamomile broth. A spoonful of raw materials is brewed with 200 ml of boiling water and infused for half an hour. Then the ready-made composition is moistened with gauze, which is applied to the face for 5 minutes. If the pimple is localized on the body - back, chest, then they take baths with chamomile broth.
Dandelion infusion will help cure rashes of various etiologies at home. To prepare it, a tablespoon of plant materials is poured into 200 ml of hot water, boiled over low heat for a quarter of an hour and cooled for another 45 minutes. The infusion is filtered and taken orally. The composition should be drunk warm, a third of a glass three times a day, a quarter of an hour before meals. If the acne was caused by a metabolic disorder, then it should go away.
A decoction of burdock roots has a similar effect. A tablespoon of raw materials is poured into 0.5 liters of water and boiled for 10 minutes. The infusion is filtered and cooled. You need to be treated by taking it in ¼ glasses four times a day.

With acne and pimples on the face and body, a strong antiseptic and herbal antibiotic - tea tree oil - will help alleviate the condition. It should be applied to problem areas with inflammation three times a day. Instead of concentrated oil, soap based on it is often used.

Strictly observe hygiene rules. It is necessary to wash and cleanse your face with special compositions twice a day. After that, you should use a moisturizer, matched to your skin type, to prevent moisture loss. Proper facial treatment involves peeling with a fruit acid based product.
When the first symptoms of acne vulgaris appear, you need to wipe the acne with drugs that inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria, such as Clerasil lotion.
Eating right is just as important for clean, healthy skin in adolescents. If there is a risk of acne vulgaris, then it is worth limiting the consumption of bread and sweets and increasing the amount of vegetables and fruits in the diet.
Blackheads cannot be squeezed out on their own. This is fraught with infection. The situation is aggravated, new inflammatory foci are formed.
You need to treat the disease immediately, without starting it. In this case, it is imperative to find out the cause of acne.
It is best to get rid of acne for adolescents under the supervision of a specialist. To eliminate post-acne elements and as a preventive measure, it is useful to visit beauty salons. Among the procedures, it is worth trying exfoliation with glycolic acid, extraction, galvanic action, laser and mechanical cleaning.
Home remedies can only be treated after consultation with a dermatologist.

Knowing exactly what acne vulgaris is and the reasons for their formation, one can hope for a successful cure even at home. But if there are signs of the spread of inflammation to neighboring tissues, painful nodes or scars appear, then you should immediately contact a specialist and undergo a course of treatment under the supervision of a dermatologist.

Acne vulgaris (acne vulgaris) is the result of an inflammatory process in the structures of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles. Common causes of the appearance of abscesses: staphylococcal infection and microtrauma on the surface of the skin.

The pathogenic agent enters the human body through the follicular orifice, after which it begins to intensively replicate, provoking a rash.

Speaking about the clinical picture of acne, mention should be made of its diversity. The inflammation usually affects those areas of the skin where there are a large number of sebaceous glands, for example, there are a lot of acne on the face, chest and back.

At the initial stage, they look like comedones or blackheads, the mouth of the hair follicle is blocked by a plug of sebum and horny masses. Later, a secondary infection joins and infiltration appears at the base of the plug.

Education becomes very painful.

Initially, eel vulgaris looks like a small red nodule. As the inflammatory process intensifies, the infiltration will become larger, and pus will begin to accumulate at the top of the formation.

After a few days, the pustular capsule spontaneously opens, pus comes out, forming a drying crust in place of the apex. After the wound has healed, scars may remain.

If pitting inflammation is not treated, then the process can spread deeper and involve nearby glands. Then a pustule with a compacted base is formed.

The causes of rosacea

acne vulgaris in the photo

This dermatological disease is considered to be quite common and occurs in a large number of inhabitants of the world. Only 20% of all sick people seek medical help from a doctor.

As a rule, patients from this number have a complicated form of skin lesions. The rest are treating acne at home, getting rid of acne with improvised means, or using pharmacy medicines without a doctor's prescription.

In newborns and children, whose age has not yet reached the age of 12, acne vulgaris is extremely rare.

The likelihood of contracting this dermatological ailment increases when boys and girls enter puberty. At risk are children aged 14-16 and young people leading an active lifestyle, whose sebaceous glands are in intensive work every day with the release of large volumes of sebum.

By themselves, acne vulgaris resembles a large accumulation of inflamed acne, inside which there is a pustule with purulent contents. Due to the weakened local immunity inside the affected skin areas, the presence of a bacterial infection is often diagnosed, which only aggravates the course of the inflammatory process.

The reasons for the appearance of acne vulgaris in a completely healthy person may be the presence of one or several negative factors at once. They can be as follows:

It is no coincidence that rashes appear at the age of 15-24 years. The period of puberty is characterized by "hormonal storms", intensive growth of the body, restructuring of all systems. It is not surprising that all glitches are reflected in the skin.

The main causes of acne and blackheads are:

increased activity of the sebaceous glands, excess sebum;
blockage of the sebaceous ducts, inflammation of the hair follicles;
the activity of propionobacteria in case of imbalance in the body;
hereditary predisposition (type of secretion of the sebaceous glands);
poor skin hygiene;
excess of cosmetics (foundation, powder, fat cream) that clog the skin ducts;
frequent touching of the face with unwashed hands;
follicular hyperkeratosis.

Provoking factors in girls:

increased levels of male sex hormones;
violation of the menstrual cycle after taking anabolic hormones;
hypersensitivity of the sebaceous glands, hair follicles to androgens.

Find out all about hemangioma in newborns on our website. How to get rid of oily skin on the face? This article has the answer!

The initial stage of acne is comedones, or so-called blackheads. The mouth of the hair follicle is closed by a plug formed by the secretions of the sebaceous glands and particles of the keratinized upper layer of the epidermis.

The next stage in the development of the disease is the addition of a secondary infection. At the base of the sebaceous plug, an infiltrative process begins.

The inflamed area becomes painful.

So, why do acne on the face appear, and what causes acne to form in the skin pores, and then acne in their place? What does acne on the face mean for the body and what processes are they associated with? Acne occurs with two main processes:

Strengthening the function of the sebaceous glands around the hair follicles –
As a result, the volume of sebum increases, which is formed by the sebaceous glands and is removed to the surface of the skin. This usually happens during puberty against the background of hormonal changes - an increase in the production of androgens (both in young people and girls).
An increase in the number of desquamated cells in the lumen of the follicle –
hair follicles are covered from the inside with a layer of epithelial cells. Gradually, cells die off and are replaced by new ones. However, with keratosis of the epithelium (i.e., in violation of the process of keratinization of epithelial cells), there is a sharp increase in the number of desquamated epithelial cells in the lumen of the hair follicle.

The increase in sebum production and the number of desquamated cells leads to the formation of plugs (acne). At the same time, the sebaceous glands still secrete sebum, but which can no longer come to the surface of the skin (Figure 10b).

Therefore, sebum accumulates in the lumen of the hair follicle, thereby stretching its walls. Sebum and confined spaces are excellent conditions for bacteria to thrive.

As a result, either a papule or a pustule develops in the space bounded by the walls of the hair follicle.

What factors exacerbate the appearance of acne -

Increased hormone production in adolescents and keratosis of the epithelium of hair follicles are not the only factors that can affect the development of acne. The reasons for the appearance of acne on the face can be hidden in the details. Acne development is promoted by:

Using oily cosmetics –
Some cosmetics and skin care products, like sebum secreted by the sebaceous glands, can clog your pores. This will be the case when such products are made on a fat basis. Any cosmetics for you should be only water-based.

Birth control pills and hormonal changes –
some birth control pills can cause acne. This is typical for preparations containing pure progesterone. Also, in the premenstrual period, there is a change in hormonal levels, and therefore you can regularly observe the deterioration of your acne once a month.

Medicines –
drugs such as prednisone, steroid hormones, drugs with lithium, anticonvulsants, iodides, bromides can stimulate the appearance of acne.

Active sweating –
many people sweat a lot. This may be due to increased physical exertion, stress, simply due to physiology or working conditions. Keep in mind that increased sweating also contributes to acne. Therefore, such people need to take even more careful care of their skin.

Types of acne

There are the following types of acne:

There is also deep subcutaneous acne that affects the lower layers of the skin. It is more difficult to heal and leaves behind scars or scars.

Acne forms and stages of development

Therapy for vulgar acne should be based on the principle of individual selection of a treatment course for each patient separately. In general, the treatment consists of the following stages, the observance of which is mandatory in order for the drug removal of acne to be successful:

Providing normal nutrition to the hair follicle. For this, the patient is prescribed a prem of vitamin and mineral complexes containing in their composition a sufficient amount of useful substances that can ensure the normal development of the hairline and hair roots.
Antibacterial therapy. During the diagnostic examination, the type of bacterial microflora that is present on the surface of the skin affected by acne vulgaris is determined. If pathogenic microorganisms are detected, antibiotics are prescribed to which the infectious pathogen does not have a stable natural immunity. The antibacterial drug is selected on an individual basis.
Anti-inflammatory treatments. To achieve an anti-inflammatory effect, external agents are used in the form of Zovirax ointments, Salicylic-zinc, 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, Chlorhexidine. Ointments are applied in the morning and in the evening to the affected area of the skin. The drug is evenly distributed over the surface of acne vulgaris so that all inflamed areas of the epidermal tissues are evenly covered. Hydrogen peroxide used to wipe the skin. Antiseptic treatment with this medicine is performed once a day.
Washing your face. In this case, we are talking about using antibacterial and anti-inflammatory tar soap, making baths of chamomile broths and washing the skin during water procedures.

If necessary, the attending dermatologist can prescribe the use of cosmetic masks with the addition of essential oils of medicinal plants and other components to their composition, which will help improve the health of the affected skin areas and accelerate the patient's recovery.

Like any disease, acne comes in varying degrees of severity. Mild acne (blackheads or clogged pores) only need special care.

Symptoms depend on several factors.

Types of acne on the face:

inflammatory;
non-inflammatory.

According to the degree of location on the skin, acne are:

The majority of young people suffer from non-inflammatory forms of acne. Vulgar (youthful) acne is familiar to many. The weaker the body, the more provoking factors, the more extensive the rash.

Development of juvenile acne:

the activity of the sebaceous glands increases;
the ducts are clogged;
comendones appear on the skin;
formations resemble tubercles;
color - deep red, size - up to 5 mm, often there is an abscess in the center;
after healing, pigmented areas remain on the skin, occasionally shallow scars;
at the same time the hair grows greasy, occasionally thinning of the hair is observed.

Note! The main locations of superficial acne are the face, less often the upper chest, back.

Severe forms of acne

Unfortunately, for many young people, rashes do not go away as quickly as they would like.

What do acne symptoms look like?

The appearance of acne vulgaris is characterized by a whole list of symptoms, which are extremely difficult to confuse. The first signs of acne formation on the skin are as follows:

a small red spot appears, which has a swollen appearance with clear signs of puffiness;
the inflamed neoplasm begins to itch, and becomes painful on palpation;
on the 2nd day from the moment of appearance, the affected area of the skin becomes elastic and more and more acquires the shape of an eel;
inside the pimple, biological fluid begins to accumulate in the form of lymph and blood;
as the inflammatory process develops, the pimple fills with purulent contents, swells, turns red and becomes very painful.

To prevent the transformation of acne at any stage of its development, it is necessary to use drug therapy. Correctly selected drugs will help not only eliminate unpleasant symptoms, but also speed up the process of complete cleansing of the skin from a dermatological ailment.

The disease develops gradually - at first, under the influence of various environmental factors (stay in hot workshops, in the sun), vasodilation of the skin appears, which disappears after the action of the unfavorable factor ceases.

Then the vessels of the facial skin lose their elasticity, red streaks, spider veins and rashes appear and expand. Patients with acne rosacea complain of periodic hot flashes to the face.

Thus, the main symptoms are:

redness of the face, in rare cases, redness may spread to the back and chest;

expansion of skin vessels and the appearance of a pronounced vascular network;
the appearance of rashes against the background of redness of the skin of the face: pink bumps (papules), when infected, pustules are formed (with purulent contents). Gradually, a papular-pustular rash spreads, the skin becomes swollen, porous, and bumpy. For rosacea, a purple-cyanotic hue is characteristic. With rosacea, there may be sensations of burning, tightening and itching of the skin.
in the late stage of the disease - face hardening;
thickening of the skin of the nose, the appearance of a knobby formation due to hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands - rhinophyma;
thickening of the skin of the forehead, ears and chin, deformation of the eyelids;
eye damage - redness, dryness, foreign body sensation, pain, inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea.

In most cases, the doctor can make a diagnosis according to the characteristic appearance of the patient, however, a study of the state of the vessels of the face and the microflora of the skin may be required.

Treatment of acne vulgaris: starting with the diagnosis

"Acne vulgaris" is a diagnosis, and the disease requires professional treatment with antibiotics, hormonal drugs, ointments, talkers and other substances.

To make a diagnosis, the dermatologist will send you for tests (you may need to consult a urologist, gynecologist, endocrinologist).

To make a diagnosis, you will need to be examined and set the level:

After that, the dermatologist sends for flushing from the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, as well as for flushing ("scraping") of the affected skin. This is necessary in order to confirm or deny gram-negative folliculitis.

Drug treatment

In addition to the drug approach to the treatment of acne vulgaris, a dermatologist can prescribe cosmetic procedures, scrubs, masks, peeling.

Only a dermatologist can know how to get rid of acne vulgaris, so if you suspect a skin problem, quickly go to the hospital, because the initial stage is much easier to cure. The doctor can suggest both local treatment and the use of medications.

Local therapy is used only for mild to moderate acne lesions. A specialist may prescribe an ointment for acne vulgaris, lotion, creams, and other remedies for acne on the face. Vidal's milk helps to cope well with acne.

Such agents most often include the following components: Retinoids or a vitamin A derivative. Helps to reduce swelling, flushing and reduces the formation of comedones and rosacea.

Azelaic Acid - Acts as an antibacterial agent and relieves inflammation. Azithromycin or Erythromycin is an antibiotic used for inflammatory acne.

Benzene peroxide - in addition to relieving inflammation, exfoliates dead skin well. With local treatment, the doctor often prescribes a combination therapy, which also includes medications.

General drug treatment occurs in severe advanced cases, and the following drugs are used: Antibacterial agents. The course and duration of treatment is selected only by the attending physician.

They contribute to the destruction of the pathogen, reduce inflammation. There should be no uncontrolled reception.

Contraceptives - before taking you should visit a gynecologist, are prescribed for hormonal disorders. Isotretinoin - reduces sebum production, relieves inflammation and fights bacteria.

Acne vulgaris treatment, which is not an easy task, requires patience and effort. In addition to the drug approach, a dermatologist can prescribe cosmetic procedures, masks for acne (a black mask for acne is very popular and effective), gentle peeling to remove acne from the face.

Homemade face masks and creams can get rid of acne

To get rid of acne permanently, home treatment is one of the most effective ways.

The main methods used at home: Compress with viburnum juice. Using a blender, grind a small amount of berries, squeeze the juice out of them.

In the resulting liquid, moisten a small towel or piece of gauze and apply to the inflamed areas for 15 minutes. Aloe compress is a good acne remedy.

Thanks to its properties, pus from acne can be completely removed, even from the deepest comedones. To have an effect, carry out the procedure daily for a month.

For daily use by adolescents, propolis infusion is suitable. Wipe your face at night and wash your face during the day.

This method will reduce the production of fat and reduce inflammation. A very oily face can be rubbed twice a day with a slice of lemon.

It dries out the skin and relieves inflammation.

How to get rid of acne with salicylic acid, read the article. The main methods of dealing with acne on the forehead are described in the article.

Herbal tinctures will also help: Pharmacy chamomile, the infusion from which is easy to prepare at home. For this you will need 1 tsp.

l flowers and a glass of hot water, let it brew for half an hour. Next, strain and moisten with gauze, wipe the affected areas, if acne is on the body, you can take chamomile baths.

Dandelion infusion. Cook in the same way as in the previous recipe.

After cooking, strain and take a third of a glass three times a day before meals.

In the photo: a map of the formation of acne and its causes

In combination, the treatment will be more effective and faster. Listen to your doctor's recommendations and do not run your health.

The diet prescribes taking care of the cells and tissues of your body, avoiding dairy, fatty, store-bought smoked meats, sweets, confectionery (especially those created on an industrial scale in factories and factories).

We'll have to give up alcoholic beverages, "artificial" store juices.

It has been proven that fatty foods create a favorable environment for the development of acne vulgaris: sausage, ham, meat, store-bought smoked meats (therefore, they will also have to be abandoned).

The diet should include fresh vegetables and fruits, low-fat foods, cereals (semolina, oatmeal, buckwheat), cereals. The duration is the same as for the treatment.

Be careful with oatmeal, too much oatmeal can cause a large number of red spots on the forehead, cheeks, neck and other areas of the skin.

The selection of therapy and treatment for acne depends on:

the depth of the location of the abscesses;
the nature of acne;
the presence or absence of an inflammatory process.

The choice of treatment methods is influenced by:

reasons provoking factors that caused acne;
the severity of damage to various layers of the skin;
activity of the sebaceous glands.

Important! Sebum production cannot be controlled by external agents alone. Ointments, creams, masks only temporarily reduce the fat content of the epidermis.

Combination therapy is effective. Treatment result:

Cosmetologists call this form "problem skin". The nature of the skin lesion is superficial, the course of the disease is mild. It is observed mainly in adolescents. The main focus is on local funds.

How to get rid of acne? Effective drugs:

Azelaic acid;
Tretinoin;
Adapalen;
Boric acid ;
products containing sulfur;
salicylic acid preparations;
Isotretinoin;
Retinol palmitate.

Note. Tretinoin and azelaic acid received the largest number of positive reviews.

If you are intolerant to the first drug, use azelaic acid. It does not cause side effects in most patients.

The course of treatment is at least three to four months to achieve a stable remission.

Treatment for acne vulgaris should be built depending on the cause of the problem and the severity of the disease. For mild acne, your doctor may prescribe medications containing ichthyol, sulfur, or lemon juice.

For oily skin, adolescents can use lotions Oxy-5, Clerasil, Cleaskin. These agents have a bacteriostatic effect, cleanse pores from comedones and dry them.

Skinoren cream also showed effectiveness. It contains azelaic acid.

It inhibits bacterial growth and reduces free fatty acids in hair follicles, helping to reduce inflammation. Some dermatologists recommend treating mild acne with topical antibiotics such as erythromycin or tetracycline.

Remedies for acne on the face -

Treatment of acne with medicinal herbs, home methods will complement the use of medications. Most folk remedies have no contraindications. Choose several recipes, check with your doctor if they are right for you.

Proven recipes:

a decoction with a rhizome of a burnet. A tablespoon of raw materials, half a liter of water, cook for 10 minutes. Use daily for wet dry dressings;
infusion of celandine leaves. Take 2 tbsp. l. vegetable raw materials, 3 glasses of purified water, boil for 3-5 minutes. After 8 hours, the lotion is ready;
rowan fruit juice. Mash fresh berries, extract the juice. Moisten gauze, a napkin, apply to your face for a quarter of an hour. Apply compresses every other day. Course - 20 procedures;
decoction of chamomile. A universal anti-inflammatory agent. A tablespoon of flowers, half a liter of boiling water. Boil, leave for 30 minutes. Wipe the affected area with a cotton swab;
infusion of raspberries. Pour boiling water over the dried berries. Proportions 1:10. Wait half an hour, strain. Apply 15-minute compresses daily, after 10 days - three times a week;
cabbage juice. Perfectly relieves inflammation. Chop the cabbage, squeeze out the juice. Keep the lotions on your face for a quarter of an hour. Number of procedures - 20, interval - every other day;
wet-drying dressings with calendula tincture. Dilute the pharmacy composition - a teaspoon in a glass of water. The duration of the procedure is half an hour;
yeast mask. Mash fresh yeast with water or chamomile tea. Keep the mass on your face for no more than twenty minutes. Do the mask twice a week. (You can also find out about other remedies for acne on our website. For example, it is written about laundry soap for acne here, and about zinc ointment in this article).

Advice! Perform treatments regularly. The effect will definitely appear.

How to remove acne from the face quickly and without complications? The most difficult thing here is to choose the right drug or combination of drugs, to choose the treatment regimen.

Only a dermatologist (sometimes a cosmetologist) can professionally treat acne on the face. Unfortunately, in most cases, people seek the advice of a specialist late, and this leads to complications - the appearance of superficial scars and age spots that form during the healing of deep acne and cysts.

Acne treatments will be different in the following situations -

when you have both acne and pimples at the same time,
when there is only acne,
with cystic acne (i.e. when there are large purulent cavities).

How to get rid of acne quickly: a diagram compiled by a dermatologist

Below we will look at all the types of drugs that are indicated in this scheme.

1. Benzoyl peroxide -

This is the best acne remedy. We can say - the gold standard of therapy.

Benzoyl peroxide is a bactericidal agent that kills bacteria that lead to the formation of pus inside hair follicles. Plus, benzoyl peroxide has a mild exfoliating effect, which will also help loosen pores.

Benzoyl peroxide can be found in gels, lotions, or creams at a concentration of 2.5%, 5%, 10%. It is optimal to use a concentration of 2.5% for the first month, and then use 5% funds.

For dry skin, forms in the form of creams are more suitable, for oily skin - in the form of gels. Lotions are suitable for all skin types.

Monocomponent preparations of benzoyl peroxide are extremely high-quality products made in the USA: "Persa-gel 10", Proactive, Desquam, Proderm-cream, in addition there are cool products under the brands - Neutrogena and Mary Kay.

French production - Eclaran cream, Baziron gel. And also Benzakne-gel (Poland), Benzoyl Peroxide Gel (India), Oxygel (India).

Combinations of benzoyl peroxide — there are drugs where benzoyl peroxide is combined with an antibiotic or retinoid. Examples of combination drugs:

They are used in the following situations –1) If you only have acne (no acne) and you have undergone a course of treatment with pure benzoyl peroxide, but the effect was not sufficient.

In this case, you need the drug benzoyl peroxide + antibiotic. 2) If you have a mixed form of the disease (acne + acne) or a cystic form of acne - you need the drug "benzoyl peroxide + retinoid".

Scheme of application - the drug is applied 1-2 times a day only on the areas of the skin prone to inflammation. Before each treatment, cleanse your face with only mild cleansers (such as Dove or Neutrogena).

The effect of the drug will be noticeable within 5-6 days. But for that.

to achieve lasting improvement, you will need to complete a full 6 week course of treatment.

Potential Side Effects - Be aware that itching, burning sensation, dryness, tension, redness or flaking of the skin are possible after application. But usually these effects are not pronounced.

And at the end of the application - they immediately pass. If you use the drug during an active sunny period, be sure to use a sunscreen, because Benzoyl peroxide makes the skin more sensitive to sunlight.

2. Retinoids -

Preparations of the Retinoid group are prescribed when there is only acne, with a mixed form of "acne + pimples", as well as with cystic acne. Retinoids are Vitamin A derivatives.

They help to remove and prevent blackheads and pores. Retinoids also have an exfoliating effect, removing dead skin cells.

Examples of monocomponent retinoids -

Retin-A (Fig. 15), Lokatsid, Ayrol - contain Tretinoin,
Differin (Fig. 16), Klenzit, Deriva - contain Adapalen,
Tazret-gel, Zorak - contain Tazarotene.

Examples of combined retinoids are for acne + acne and cystic acne. In these forms of the disease, such drugs will be much more effective than monocomponent drugs. Examples of drugs:

"Epiduo" (Fig. 17) - contains adapalene + benzoyl peroxide,
"Deriva-S", "Klenzit-S" - contain adapalene together with the antibiotic clindamycin,
"Isotrexin" - contains the retinoid Isotretinoin + the antibiotic erythromycin.

How to treat acne on the face with retinoids - a drug with a retinoid should be applied once a day before bedtime. The full course of treatment will be at least 3 months, but a noticeable result will be visible in 6-7 weeks.

To make the skin get used to it and not get very irritated, start using the drug 3 times a week. Change to daily use after 1-2 weeks.

Before applying the retinoid, wash your face with a mild cleanser. Forms of retinoids in the form of lotions will be the most effective, in the form of creams - the least.

3. Antibacterial drugs -

How to treat acne on your face with antibiotics? In most cases, antibiotics for acne are prescribed only topically (as part of gels and creams). The use of antibiotics in the form of ointments is strictly prohibited, since the fatty components of the ointments will clog the pores and aggravate acne.

Tableted oral antibiotics –
antibiotics in tablets are prescribed immediately (as basic therapy) only for cystic acne. For acne + pimples and only for acne - oral antibiotics are prescribed only when the use of basic drugs has not been successful.

4. Azelaic acid -

Azelaic acid is commonly used as an alternative to benzoyl peroxide because has less irritating effect. This acid has both an antibacterial effect and the effect of exfoliating the surface dead skin cells.

Examples of drugs: Skinoren (Germany), Azogel (Russia), Acne-derma (Poland).

Application features - gels with azelaic acid are applied 2 times a day. The minimum course of treatment will be 1 month (this is the time during which you will see the desired effect), the standard course of application is 3 months.

Unlike benzoyl peroxide, this drug can be used in active sun and without the use of sunscreens, because Azelaic acid does not increase the skin's sensitivity to the sun.

In cystic acne, azelaic acid has the effect of preventing the appearance of post-inflammatory skin pigmentation.

4. Isotretinoin -

Acne on the face how to get rid of the most severe forms of this disease? For this, there are systemic retinoids, for example, Isotretinoin. It is taken orally in the form of capsules.

Isotretinoin analogues are Aknekutan (Fig. 20), Aknetin and Roaccutane.

This group of drugs is used exclusively for the treatment of cystic acne. The drug has impressive efficacy, but it has many side effects.

The course of the disease and complications of rosacea

The course of the disease is undulating: the manifestations may disappear for a while, and then rosacea (rosacea) appears again. Exacerbation can cause hypothermia and overheating of the skin, prolonged exposure to the wind, in the sun, the use of hot foods, as well as emotional outbursts.

Gradually, the duration of remission is reduced, and exacerbations become more frequent.

Rosacea (rosacea) progresses and passes into severe stages that are difficult to treat, complications appear. Rosacea cause eye diseases - keratitis, chalazion, blepharitis, which lead to visual impairment.

Rhinophyma, which is also a complication, disfigures the appearance and sometimes surgical intervention is required to get rid of this deficiency.

In this regard, when an ailment appears, it is necessary to consult a dermatologist in order to prevent the progression of the disease in a timely manner. Acne rosacea, the symptoms of which are varied, do not go away on their own.

Treatment should be comprehensive, it depends on the stage of the disease and is selected individually.

Prevention of rosacea

To prevent the disease, dermatologists recommend protecting the skin of the face from excess insolation in the summer, from frost in the winter, since radiation, overheating and hypothermia contribute to the appearance of rosacea (rosacea).

The elimination of occupational hazards (work on construction, in hot shops and at the stove) is of great importance in the prevention of this disease.

The use of modern techniques, drug treatment, recipes of traditional medicine allows you to gradually get rid of pustular rashes of any severity. The process is long, the success of the treatment depends on many factors.

No two cases are alike, each patient requires an individual approach. Sometimes the rash persists on the skin for several years.

With a mild form, it is possible to get rid of acne vulgaris in 2-3 months. Many suffer from acne before the end of puberty.

The therapy is designed to:

reduce the manifestations of the disease;
reduce the number of rashes;
return (as far as possible) a pleasant appearance to the skin.

Stick to the rules:

strengthen the immune system;
eat right;
carefully monitor the hygiene of the face and body;
avoid stressful situations;
touch your face less with your hands;
observe the daily routine.

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And in the fall everything starts all over again. The period from October to April is not favorable for those suffering from pustular diseases. Is it possible to somehow reduce this suffering? Let's try to answer this question.

Acne vulgaris (or acne, acne vulgaris) is a purulent inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles.

The cause of the disease is most often a staphylococcal infection in the presence of certain factors. This is a hereditary predisposition, dysfunction of the endocrine system, seborrhea, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diet disturbances (excessive consumption of sweets, fats, spicy and spicy foods). Tuberculosis intoxication can play a role.

Acne vulgaris can be the result of prolonged use of corticosteroids, intolerance to any drugs (bromine, iodine, etc.). Acne vulgaris is most commonly seen in girls and boys during puberty.

To combat inflammatory acne, medical and cosmetic preparations are used, which must be prescribed by a doctor. It can be preparations based on calendula, chamomile, with a slight skin lesion - cucumber lotion. It degreases and disinfects salicylic alcohol well. Apply it slightly diluted with boiled water.

Cosmetologists are your allies in long-term, often requiring special treatments. With a severe form of pustular diseases, the help of a doctor is mandatory, since this disease has many forms, and there is no home method or remedy that is equally effective in all cases. Antibiotics are often required.

A visit to a cosmetologist to cleanse the skin is primarily a medical procedure, not just beauty care.

Dirty hands, which, unfortunately, often squeeze out acne, being in front of a mirror, carry dangerous infections that lead to complications in the treatment of acne vulgaris; give up the habit of touching blackheads with your hands - it is actually harmful.

Liquid yeast for pustular diseases leads to a noticeable improvement; they are drunk daily for 1 glass for three weeks, then they are interrupted for three weeks and continue to take; they are prepared like this: 10 g of yeast is crumbled into a glass and poured with warm water for three quarters, add a teaspoon of sugar, stir and put in a warm place for one hour, then stir, bring to a boil and, after cooling slightly, drink.

Keep in mind that general hygiene is not only neatness and cleanliness, but also movement in the fresh air, sleeping in a well-ventilated room, and preferably with an open window, and morning exercises. In short, everything that makes up a healthy lifestyle is essential for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Beauty treatments alone will not be effective if you do not make friends with general hygiene.

Hot compresses are made with chamomile decoction using a large piece of sterile gauze folded in four. Once a week, it is advisable to put them on the face to refresh it, steam the pores, and alleviate inflammation. After putting a hot compress, lie down quietly for half an hour. To prevent the gauze from cooling too quickly, cover it with thick foil.

The sun's rays are curative - everyone knows that. Especially with acne vulgaris and other pustular diseases. Under the influence of the sun, acne either disappears completely, or their number decreases. We live in a northern country where winter lasts almost six months, nothing can be done about it, but in the very first days of spring, try to expose your face to the sun's rays; let it be frosty in the yard - they still have a beneficial effect.

During puberty, the activity of the sebaceous glands increases. The seborrhea associated with this can cause the appearance of pustular diseases. On the skin covered with a layer of fat, various bacteria and microorganisms (mainly staphylococci) find a favorable breeding ground.

If at this time, before the beginning of the epic with eels, you do not give them a general battle and do not pay close attention to the cleanliness of the skin, proper care for it, then after a couple of months its condition may turn out to be deplorable. As with any illness, in this case, preventive measures, sunbathing, diet, frequent bathing, and, if necessary, skin cleansing by a cosmetologist are very essential.

Results can only be expected from a comprehensive treatment. It is necessary to apply a variety of methods, methods, observe a lot of prescriptions and prohibitions, be a disciplined patient of a dermatologist. As you can see, there are no universal, radical remedies against pustular diseases.

Acne vulgaris is one of the most difficult and difficult in the treatment of diseases of pustular and seborrheic skin. They appear due to the accumulation of keratin in the mouths of the fatty glands. Keratin oxidizes easily, causing blackheads and clogged pores to appear as black pinheads.

Remove blackheads, cleanse the skin, if possible, by a cosmetologist. However, this is not always possible. Of course, rather than walking around with a face dotted with eels, it is better to do the procedure yourself, of course, observing complete hygiene.

Physiotherapy procedures are part of the anti-abscess measures. In autumn and winter, especially if home methods are ineffective, the doctor can prescribe various procedures to the patient, for example, irradiation with a quartz lamp, the ultraviolet radiation of which replaces the sun. But you cannot use it without a doctor's prescription.

Acne, or as they are called acne vulgaris, acne, is an unpleasant disease that affects approximately 80% of young people between 14 and 30 years old.

Acne is a disease of the sebaceous glands. Acne (blackheads) are inflamed nodules that can pop up on the skin of the face, chest, neck and back.

Acne can be caused by both internal and external factors. Inflamed nodules are painful and uncomfortable for adolescents as they spoil the appearance of the skin.

The peak of the disease falls during puberty (14-16 years old, in girls a little earlier than in boys, which is explained by the earlier onset of puberty in women); rashes usually last up to 20-25 years.

What is the relationship between puberty and acne?

In the process of puberty, a huge amount of sex hormones begins to be produced in our body.

These hormones increase the activity of the sebaceous glands, which have the ability to clog pores, resulting in comedone (plug).

Due to the presence of comedone, sebum simply does not have the ability to stand out on the surface of the skin, the production of sebum is still going on at the same time.

As a result of these processes, bacteria begin to develop in the clogged follicle, which are very viable. They provoke the process of inflammation, and it happens that the follicle ruptures.

Leukocytes begin to fight inflammation, which simultaneously destroy bacteria and die themselves. As a result, pus appears.

What are the main causes of acne?

Improper diet, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are a common cause of acne formation;
Stress can increase the severity of the course and cause new acne to develop. In turn, acne itself causes stress, and squeezing them out worsens a person's appearance. Surveys of a large number of acne patients have shown that many of them feel ashamed; embarrassment and anxiety; uncertainty; deterioration of social contacts and have significant problems with finding a job. Severe acne can be a cause of anger and anxiety;
Premenstrual exacerbations. About 70% of women notice an exacerbation of inflammation 2-7 days before menstruation. It is possible that this is due to a change in the hydration of the follicle epithelium in the premenstrual period. Progesterone and estrogens have a pro-inflammatory effect on acne vulgaris;
Hormonal changes, diseases associated with the endocrine system, as well as changes associated with age can cause acne. Androgenic hormones play a role in the development of acne vulgaris, especially in middle-aged women with treatment-resistant acne. The activity of the sebaceous glands is mainly regulated by androgenic hormones of gonadal or adrenal origin. Dihydrotestosterone is a potent androgen that may play an important role in the development of acne. Dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione, the weakly potent androgens produced in the adrenal glands, are converted to the more potent testosterone and dihydrotestosterone by enzymes. Since the importance of hormones in the development of acne has been proven, the sudden appearance of acne in an adult should be the reason for examining the patient for latent diseases of the pituitary-reproductive or pituitary-adrenal system. Indications for endocrinological examination of women suffering from acne vulgaris may be: sudden onset of severe acne in adult women; acne resistance to conventional therapy, especially if women have hirsutism; menstrual irregularities; signs of hyperandrogenism; a very sharp exacerbation of the process a short time after the start of isotretinoin therapy.
Sweating. 15% of patients noted the negative effect of humidity on the course of the disease, especially in cases where a person lives in a humid, warm environment;
Ultraviolet radiation: Many patients and doctors are convinced of the positive effects of sunlight on acne. There is no scientific evidence for this. It is possible that the improvement is due to the psychological effects of tanning. Artificial ultraviolet radiation often increases the comedogenicity of sebum and is the cause of acne;
Professions - Cooking and steam cleaning can increase the hydration of the stratum corneum and cause acne. Working with halogenated hydrocarbons can cause chloracne;
Hereditary predisposition is of undoubted importance in the occurrence of acne vulgaris, the severity of their course, localization, prevalence and sensitivity to therapy. According to German dermatologists, in 45% of schoolchildren with acne vulgaris, one or both parents also reported acne, while acne vulgaris was observed in only 8% of schoolchildren whose parents did not have acne. A hereditary predisposition to the appearance of acne vulgaris has also been confirmed by genetic studies on twins.
Smoking has a negative effect on the course of acne.

Acne comes in various forms and manifests itself in different ways:

Blackheads consist of hard, horny scales that impede the access of sebum. The outer part of the plug fills with dust and becomes brown or dark. Acne usually occurs on the nose, forehead and chin, as well as on the back and chest.
White acne (mildew) - pinpoint nodules comparable in size to a grain, occur due to stretching of the gland and retention of fat. They are usually found on the cheekbones and eyelids. Such acne occurs one at a time or in groups.
Acne vulgaris (acne vulgaris) results from persistent inflammation of the sebaceous glands. They usually form in adolescents during puberty. The condition of the skin is deteriorating due to poor hygiene, abuse of unhealthy foods.
Pustular eels with a purulent cap are usually red in color, appear as a result of damage to the epidermis and the release of harmful organisms to the outside. The main reason for the formation of pustules is the extrusion of acne.
Phlegmonous acne is a tumor. They are formed as a result of the defeat of a large number of sebaceous glands. Phlegmonous acne grows together and turns into abscesses or abscesses. Scars form at the site of their opening.
Acne conglobata are rounded, have a connection with a staphylococcal bacillus. This is the most dangerous acne that affects the side of the cheeks, back, and neck. This disease stimulates the formation of nodes, which consist of separate bulges. After healing, a scar remains in their place.
Medication acne occurs as a result of the use of various drugs that cause allergies. They form on the body in the form of red spots or abscesses. Sometimes acne appears in an intimate place.

Should I get tested for acne?

An experienced dermatologist, with a superficial examination, can determine the type of acne. If necessary, you should be tested for bacterial flora.

A complete and correct examination will help identify the root cause of acne.

Recommended examination methods for patients suffering from seborrhea and acne vulgaris, with suspected hormonal disorders (including: resistance to therapy, irregular menstruation, severe hirsutism, signs of female alopecia) include:

testosterone;
dehydroepiandrosterone;
globulin that binds sex hormones;
prolactin;
the ratio of follicular / lutein-stimulating hormones;
exclusion of polycystic ovary disease (if necessary);
in men and women with resistance to acne vulgaris therapy, determination of cortisol and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone levels at 9 a.m. to exclude late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia;
flushes from the mucous membrane of the mouth and skin to exclude gram-negative folliculitis.

Start by filling out a personalized acne treatment card to see the trend. Treatment depends on the severity of your acne.

For some of the patients, it is enough to adjust the diet, choose the right skin care with the use of medical cosmetics and prescribe external anti-acne agents; and some have to undergo a serious course of treatment with systemic drugs:

Diet: poor in fats, carbohydrates;
Antibiotics;
Antiandrogenic agents - suppressing the excessive production of the male sex hormone;
Anti-inflammatory drugs;
Antihistamines;
Multivitamins;
Autohemotherapy, immunostimulating therapy;
Local treatment.

Retinoic acid preparations used in the external therapy of acne are very effective.

At the end of the last century, it was discovered that one of the representatives of this group, isotretinoin, is especially active on the sebaceous glands, providing several therapeutic effects at once.

First, the functional activity of the sebaceous glands decreases, and, consequently, the amount of sebum produced.

Secondly, the number of comedones on the face is significantly reduced. Moreover, isotretinoin prevents their subsequent appearance. Unfortunately, this miracle retinoid does not work on the acne causative agent itself - Propionibacterium acnes.

For this purpose, antibiotics (mainly topical erythromycin) were previously used, which gives an excellent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect, eliminating the "disturber of the skin's calmness".

A division of GlaxoSmithKline, produces a combination drug for the treatment of acne - Isotrexin gel. Foreign and Russian clinical studies have shown that the combined composition (erythromycin + isotretinoin) is much more effective than monotherapy with individual components.

Another undoubted advantage of Isotrexin: the drug begins to work quickly, after the first days of use. However, to achieve a pronounced effect, you should remember the need for regular and continuous use, which may take 6-8 months.

Isotrexin should be applied twice daily to the affected area. The gel is quickly absorbed into the skin and leaves no residue, so it can be applied under makeup.

The gel is well tolerated by patients - more than 80% did not notice any discomfort from its use. If the skin is too sensitive, the application of the gel can be postponed for a couple of days and resumed when the irritation subsides.

In most cases, the skin reaction is not pronounced and does not require discontinuation of treatment. Additionally, you can apply professional hypoallergenic creams that moisturize the skin and eliminate dryness (for example, Physiogel cream).

In addition to it, for complete skin care, it is recommended to use special hypoallergenic cleansing agents - for example, Physiogel Clinser.

It can be applied without water to avoid overdrying the skin. An important fact confirming the effectiveness of such complex care for problem skin is that in 2010 the Russian Society of Dermatovenereologists (RODV) included Isotrexin and the Physiogel line in modern clinical guidelines for the treatment of patients with acne.

When using mesotherapy, reflexology sessions are used, to improve trophism and microcirculation, paravertebral zones and biologically active points are injected with cocktails of antioxidants, trace elements, vitamins, biostimulants. The last stage is carrying out the mesointerface over the entire area of acne distribution using the classical technique.
Physiotherapy is aimed at normalizing the function of the gastrointestinal tract and metabolism, for prolonged local tissue hyperthermia and resorption of infiltrates.

The following physical treatments are used:

Light and laser therapy. Blue light has a detrimental effect on P. acnes protoporphyrins, leading to the release of oxygen and the death of anaerobic bacteria. There are also reports of the effectiveness of laser therapy for acne vulgaris;
Zinc electrophoresis or diadynamo electrophoresis of ronidase or iodine on the affected area, iodine electrophoresis on the area of the focus;
Mud applications, paraffin applications;
Darsenvalization;
Ozone therapy, intravenous laser blood irradiation;
Chemical peeling;
Cryotherapy and administration of triamcinolone to the lesions in keloid scars.

What is the treatment for acne with folk remedies? How can acne be cured at home?

Among the folk remedies for treating acne on the face, at home:

Viburnum ordinary. A napkin moistened with juice from the fruit of the viburnum is lightly squeezed and applied to the face for 5-7 minutes, at intervals of 10 minutes, two to three times in a row. Then the skin on the face is lubricated with a nourishing cream. The course of treatment consists of 7-10 procedures daily, and then 7-10 procedures every other day. It is difficult to get enough juice from the viburnum for the mask. Therefore, you can lubricate your face with a mixture of nourishing cream for oily skin with viburnum berry juice. The juice should be added gradually, in small portions, until a creamy consistency remains. The procedures are done daily or every other day for 30-40 minutes for 3-4 weeks.
Marigolds (calendula) For applications, take a tablespoon of calendula tincture in half a glass of water. The duration of the procedure is half an hour. Change the napkin with the solution every 10 minutes. In the first half of the course, procedures are done daily, in the second every other day. A total of 20-25 applications are carried out. It is preferable to use a warm infusion of calendula.
Walnut. One part of fresh walnut leaves is infused with 10 parts of vodka. From the resulting tincture, applications are made the same as with calendula tincture.
Propolis. Hot rashes on the skin of the face are lubricated daily at night with 20% alcohol tincture of propolis, and in the morning, the remnants of propolis are removed with lotion for oily skin or vodka. If necessary, the duration of the procedure is reduced to an hour. The course is at least 30 procedures. Simultaneously with external use, it is useful to apply the same tincture internally 20-25 drops three times a day or 30-35 drops twice a day in a small amount of milk or warm water. The duration of the course of treatment is at least a month.
Chamomile: Napkins soaked in a warm infusion of chamomile flowers and slightly wrung out are applied to the face five to six times every five minutes. The course of treatment is 20-25 procedures, of which 10-12 are daily, and the rest every other day. The infusion is made from the calculation: one part of chamomile flowers to 10 parts of water.
Sage: An infusion of sage leaves (one part to 20 parts water) is used in the same manner. For patients with chronic acne, cucumber lotion can be recommended for long-term use: it is combined with 100 grams of vodka, insisted for 8-10 days in a container with a tightly fitted cork, filtered through gauze, stored in the refrigerator for up to six months.

First advice. You can't sunbathe. We often hear that in the sun acne on the chin and body disappears on their own. Sometimes this does happen, but it's not as simple as it seems. Sun exposure causes increased sebum production, which is undesirable. For example, the best way to get rid of back and face acne is with retinoid treatments. If you can't do without beach stay, talk to your doctor about choosing moisturizing sunscreens. Use non-comedogenic drugs with an SPF of at least 30 throughout the summer.
Second advice. You can't wash yourself often. Of course, no one calls for untidiness, but the appearance of acne on the face has nothing to do with sterility. Excessive washing, on the other hand, ensures that the skin is dry, which reduces its resistance to infection. It is worth washing only twice a day, but hands, as a possible source of infection that can cause pimples on the chin, should really be washed more often.
Third advice. Can't be squeezed out. Despite all the warnings from dermatologists, the number of people who want to squeeze acne on the body is not decreasing. It is absolutely impossible to do this, since with any attempt to squeeze out acne on the face, the infection enters the deep layers of the epidermis and dermis, exacerbating the inflammation. In addition, the transmission of infection to non-inflamed acne elements occurs, initiating new foci. Read more:
Fourth advice. Do not use alcohol products. Alcohol products are intended only for spot treatment, and with prolonged exposure, the necrosis of the epidermis occurs.
Fifth advice. The most important. You cannot let the disease take its course, acne is not just pimples on the face or body, but a serious illness. The sooner you see a dermatologist, the faster the result will be achieved. A dermatologist will assess your skin condition and prescribe treatment based on the stage of your acne.

Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory disease that occurs when the sebaceous glands do not work properly. Hair follicles accumulate sebum and keratinized skin particles, which creates a favorable environment for bacteria to multiply (staphylococcal infection).

Both girls and boys are sick, but basically the severe form of the disease affects the strong half. Usually, the disease begins to manifest itself during puberty, when many changes occur in the body. Hereditary predisposition, the environment, increased sweating, unhealthy diet (in which fatty, spicy and sweet foods predominate), the use of drugs, dysfunction of the endocrine system, and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract also play a role.

Acne can also appear due to intolerance to certain drugs, for example, even such as iodine or bromine. In women, the cause of acne can be a change in hormonal levels during pregnancy or during the menstrual cycle.

What is acne vulgaris?

So how does acne vulgaris appear? To begin with, acne (another name for this disease) can be both inflammatory and non-inflammatory; it all depends on how big a role the Propionibacterium acnes bacteria play in follicle inflammation.

Non-inflammatory acne manifests itself in the form of comedones - these are non-infectious fatty plugs located tightly at the mouth of the follicles. They, in turn, are divided into white and black. If the follicle is closed or narrowed on the surface of the skin, then the acne will be white, and if it is open, then the horny masses move up to the mouth of the follicle, and due to oxidation and the ingress of dust and dirt on its surface, it will be black.

Inflammatory acne includes papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts. When fatty acids are formed, which irritate the follicle walls, papules are formed. If the infection causes inflammation inside the follicle, then pustules appear, and after the rupture of the follicle after physical manipulations or after the entry of fatty acids into the tissues due to bacteria (which leads to inflammation of the soft tissues) nodules and cysts are formed. Usually only cystic acne brings painful sensations with it, and other types of acne vulgaris bring only moral stiffness and low self-esteem. In different stages of the disease, different types of acne are associated with each other.

White-headed comedones (closed comedones) are soft, palpable, white-colored formations ranging in size from 1 to 3 millimeters in diameter, and black-headed comedones (open comedones) are similar in appearance to closed ones, but have a black center.

Pustules and papules are red, tapered dots that are 2 to 5 millimeters in diameter. In these cases of the disease, the epithelium of the follicles is damaged due to the accumulation of lymphocytes and neutrophils. The contents of comedones, when the epithelium ruptures, causes a very strong inflammatory reaction of the dermis. Papules, on the other hand, form a relatively deep inflammation, they are of a more superficial nature. But the nodes are larger, deeper and denser than papules, they resemble an inflamed cyst, although they do not have a cystic structure. And finally, a cyst is a node that has undergone purulent fusion. Sometimes even a cyst becomes infected and an abscess forms from it. If the cystic form of the disease lasts a long time, then after healing, scars appear at the sites of the affected areas, they appear in the form of depressions, irregularities, and shallow depressions of the skin.

You can also highlight globular acne. They are the most severe form of acne vulgaris; most often acne nodules affect men, while the patient suffers from abscesses, sinuses, comedones and atrophic scars are formed. In this case, the person's back and chest area is strongly affected, and acne may appear on the arms, abdomen, buttocks and even on the head.

Fulminant acne manifests itself as a sudden formation of ulcerative globular acne, characterized by the appearance of confluent abscesses leading to hemorrhagic necrosis. At this stage of the disease, leukocytosis, edema and joint pain can be detected.

But pyoderma of the face occurs in young women, it also manifests itself in lightning rosacea in the central part of the face. Pyoderma can be analogous to fulminant acne. The rash also affects the cheeks, nose, chin and forehead, and consists of pustules and erythematous plaques.

An accurate diagnosis is made clinically, with three degrees of severity of the course of the disease: mild, moderate and severe, depending on the number and type of rashes.

Features of acne vulgaris

Acne vulgaris is not just a teenage disease, many adults often develop mild isolated acne breakouts. Usually remission with any severity of the disease occurs after 20 years, but in some cases, the disease can manifest itself in 40 years, especially in women. The choice of medicines for women may be limited to bearing a child.

Mildly inflamed acne or non-inflammatory acne usually does not scar after the lesions heal. Moderate to severe acne, on the other hand, unlike mild acne, leaves scarring in most cases, which can lead to emotional stress in patients, especially adolescents. In such cases, psychotherapeutic help should not be neglected, otherwise a person may lose himself as a person, become withdrawn and uncommunicative.

Treatment for acne vulgaris

Acne vulgaris is primarily a disease. Which requires a complex, step-by-step treatment, including a course of antibiotics, retinoids, vitamins and immunotherapy. Ultraviolet irradiation, lotions containing sulfur, alcohol and salicylic acid are also used. In addition, special ointments should be used to remove acne vulgaris. You cannot only self-medicate - you must definitely consult a doctor.

Treatment for acne vulgaris aims to reduce sebum production, reduce inflammation and infection, and reduce comedogenic formation. When choosing a treatment for acne, you need to consider the severity of the disease. The affected areas of the skin must be treated every day; but too much enthusiasm for this occupation will not do any good either. Using antibacterial soaps can dry out the skin excessively, which does not have a positive effect on the process of restoring the balance of sebum secretion.

Monotherapy

A mild degree of the disease is treated with monotherapy, usually this is enough to get rid of comedones; for papules and pustules, double-acting treatment is needed, that is, combining topical antibiotics and tretinoin with benzoyl peroxide. Such treatment is carried out from six weeks to the complete disappearance of the rash.

And the treatment of comedones is based on the daily topical application of tretinoin with a gradual increase in concentration. If the patient is intolerant to tretinoin, an alternative may be the daily use of tazarotene (cream) or a gel / cream containing azelaic acid, or glycolic or salicylic acid with propylene glycol.

Systemic treatment

For moderate acne, it is best to use systemic antibiotic treatment such as tetracycline, minocycline, erythromycin; the duration of treatment is twelve weeks. With antibiotic treatment, the dosage is gradually reduced after about 4 weeks, but in severe cases, the dose must even be increased. But even after the cure of acne, prophylactic use of drugs is necessary in order to avoid relapses.

You should also pay attention to the fact that when using antibiotics, it is possible to disrupt the work of the gastrointestinal tract; you should familiarize yourself with the list of possible side effects of the drugs offered to you and choose, together with your doctor, the most suitable one for you. In women, long-term use of antibiotics can cause candidal vaginitis (thrush). If antibiotics are not expected to cure acne, then they should be discontinued.

Oral isotretinoin is the best treatment for moderate to severe antibiotic withdrawal and severe inflammatory acne. It is enough to take it once a day for 16-20 weeks, and if the drug is poorly tolerated, the dosage should be reduced by half.

Prophylaxis

It should be remembered that after acne treatment, the disease can resume, in such cases, the treatment can be repeated only 4 months after stopping the medication. Reappearance of acne is observed in the case of a low initial dosage of treatment, or if the course has not been completed.

Face cleaning

Blackhead removal should be done in a beauty parlor. If you want to do this at home, you first need to take a steam bath or apply a hot, wet compress. It is best to use a decoction of chamomile for these purposes - place five tablespoons of chamomile in a saucepan, pour half a liter of water and bring to a boil. Wrap the pan with a terry towel and leave for two hours, then be sure to strain and, if necessary, reheat to the optimal temperature - beware of burns.

Instead of a steam bath, you can use salt treatments. For oily skin, a soap solution with the addition of salt is used, if the skin is dry, then before the procedure, the face should be lubricated with a fat cream or oil. Salt not only enlarges pores very well, but also unclogs them.

To avoid skin irritation and acne, you need to remove acne no more than 2 times a week, and this should be done with extreme caution. And be sure to remember that only blackheads can be removed at home. And don't forget to disinfect your hands! After removing the blackheads, the face is also wiped with a disinfectant. You don't want to earn a boil too, do you?

Folk recipes for the treatment of acne vulgaris

You can also use other cosmetic procedures that help fight acne: rubbing, lotions, compresses, masks. You can make your own wipe. For this type of procedure, you can use soda, salt, extracts of calendula, chamomile, aloe, St. John's wort, oak, birch, tincture of white lily.

All these funds are prepared in a standard way - pour two tablespoons of the selected raw materials with half a liter of hot water and leave to infuse for an hour, then be sure to strain. After preparing the solution, you need to wipe the skin with cotton, gauze or a bandage.

Moreover, watch your movements - they must be neat so as not to injure the skin. You can also make lotions with fresh juice of aloe leaves, infusion of marshmallow root, from a decoction or infusion of celandine - moisten a gauze cloth and apply to problem areas for 30 minutes. Be sure to moisten the napkin as it dries.

Compresses

Compresses for acne are done once a day. For oily skin, hot compresses are applied, and for dry skin, warm compresses so as not to cause irritation. For compresses, you can use honey, celandine, ammonia. If you have chosen ammonia, observe the proportions: three drops in a glass of water.

Steam baths

The heat from the steam bath opens the pores, which facilitates the better release of the sebum. Baths should be carried out no more than once a week; and it is better to make them from herbs containing essential oils with disinfecting and medicinal properties. Before using the steam bath, you need to thoroughly cleanse your face, but do not use a scrub or peeling.

Take a wide bowl, no less than half a liter. Put herbs selected for your skin type on the bottom and, pouring hot water, let it brew for 5-10 minutes. Steam that is too hot should not be used as it could damage the skin. The water temperature should be about 43 degrees.

You need to bend over the water and cover yourself with a towel. With dry skin, 10 minutes is enough, with oily skin, you can stay under a towel for 20 minutes. The distance between the face and the water should be at least 20 cm. After the procedure, you cannot rub your face, you just need to lightly blot it with a towel or napkin.

Yeast mask

Yeast masks have been successfully used to treat acne. But remember that in order to achieve the result, you need at least twenty procedures. The mask is very simple to prepare - take one tablespoon of live yeast, fill it with water and stir - you should get a creamy consistency. Apply it on problem areas of the skin and leave for 20 minutes, then rinse with warm water.

Body mask

In the treatment of black, white and inflammatory acne, body acne masks are effective. To prepare the mask, mix the badyagu with warm water so that you get a gruel. Apply this same gruel to the rash, for about 10 minutes. If you feel uncomfortable, wash off the mask immediately - you have too sensitive skin.

And remember that consistency is the key to success. If you treat acne vulgaris the way it should be, and not occasionally, very soon your skin will improve dramatically. And once again we draw your attention - in no case ignore the need to visit a dermatologist!

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