Working with electrical energy is associated with danger to health and life and requires special training. Accidents in everyday life and at work when working with electrical installations and electrical appliances are, for the most part, associated with an insufficient level of knowledge, low preparedness, and negligent attitude to work. To reduce the risk of exposure to electric current, rules for the operation of electrical devices and installations have been developed. These rules contain comprehensive requirements for fulfilling both technical and organizational conditions for the correct execution of work. Each enterprise has personnel responsible for maintaining electrical installations. In his work, he is guided not only by instructions for servicing the equipment used, but also by general rules that are the same for any enterprise of all forms of ownership.
Basic instructions:
- Rules for the technical operation of consumer electrical installations - PTEEP;
- Rules for the construction of electrical installations - PUE;
- Rules for labor protection when working in electrical installations.
In addition to the listed documents, enterprises have local labor protection instructions approved by the manager, which supplement, but do not mitigate the requirements of the basic instructions.
Rules and regulations are updated regularly, so regular technical training is required to ensure that the changes are assimilated. Training and testing of acquired knowledge are mandatory for all performers taking part in the work process of servicing electrical equipment. At the moment, the Rules on labor protection when performing work in electrical installations as amended for 2016 and adjusted as of 2017 are used.
In order to prevent industrial accidents, emergencies and emergencies, organizational measures have been developed and require strict adherence to ensure the safe performance of work in electrical installations.
Safety measures
Organizational and technical measures to ensure electrical safety are usually divided, as their name suggests, into two main groups:
- Organizational events. With their help, they provide preparation and organization of the work process;
- Technical events. They ensure safety directly during work.
Both groups of measures are described in detail in regulatory literature and documents and require strict compliance with each of the points. The requirements of the instructions are mandatory for unconditional fulfillment by all involved persons, starting from the first boss (head of the enterprise) and ending with each member of the production team assigned to the planned work in electrical installations. Non-compliance or improper execution, ignoring the requirements of organizational and technical measures is an unacceptable violation in any production, regardless of the consequences this led to.
Organizational measures to ensure the safety of work in electrical installations are all actions that are aimed at preventing accidents and ensuring trouble-free operation of electrical installation equipment during its maintenance or repair. This applies mainly to existing electrical installations, that is, those that are connected to the power supply network or themselves serve as a source of electricity and can be activated at any time.
At first glance, the listing of organizational measures when working in existing electrical installations seems confusing and redundant - all kinds of registration, approvals, observations. This is wrong. The requirements are formulated based on many years of experience working with electrical devices. Their demands are absolutely justified, there is nothing superfluous in them.
Drawing up a work permit
The primary task before starting the planned work is drawing up and issuing a work order. This document is a guide to the work. The document lists:
- the time when work can begin and the time of its complete completion;
- workers responsible for specific tasks;
- the composition of the work team is appointed;
- procedure for disconnecting devices;
- methods and procedures for blocking equipment from accidental or intentional activation;
- procedure and methods for grounding parts of electrical installations;
- marks on instruction and completion of safety briefings;
- permission to prepare a workplace;
- admission (permission) to carry out work.
The order is valid only for the time specified in it. In the event that there is a need to increase time, the outfit can be extended. A note about this must be made in it.
The measures according to which the workplace is prepared, which include disconnecting electrical equipment and applying grounding, provide for the listing of only those electrical installations or their components where the team will work or where accidental unintentional contact is possible.
Work in existing electrical installations is always associated with increased risk and requires high qualifications. To eliminate risk elements or minimize them, it is envisaged that some employees will be given certain responsibilities and special powers. This list of employees is required to be determined.
For most work with electrical equipment, the following positions are assigned:
- permissive;
- responsible work manager;
- foreman, that is, the work performer;
- watching.
This list is not redundant as it may seem. Each of those appointed is responsible in his own area. Sometimes this list can be simplified, depending on the characteristics of the planned actions and local circumstances.
Responsibilities and powers
Admissible:
- makes sure that devices can be disconnected, locked and grounded as prescribed in the issued work order;
- gives commands to disconnect, block and apply grounding;
- receives reports that the work has been completed;
- coordinates the time when the work is started and when the work is completely completed;
- the permitting person makes a decision that the equipment can be turned on, and it will be completely safe and will not lead to an accident or accident.
The admitter must have a complete and correct understanding of the procedure for preparatory work. He is obliged to provide for and prevent the unintended supply of electricity to a disconnected electrical installation.
What is the observer responsible for? The duties and responsibilities of the observer are:
- monitoring the work process;
- monitoring that actions comply with the requirements of the outfit;
- checking the completeness, sufficiency and assimilation of the instructions given;
- monitoring technical measures and the safety of grounding devices, warning and prohibition posters and signs, temporary fences.
Important! Under no circumstances does the observer himself have the right to perform or interfere with the work.
What is the work contractor responsible for? Responsibilities of the work producer:
- monitoring the availability of tools, additional equipment, auxiliary and additional devices and devices, their serviceability;
- compliance of the tool used with the nature of the work performed;
- monitoring the correct and competent use of the tool;
- monitoring the correctness of the briefing;
- is responsible for the correct preparation of the workplace, as well as compliance with the requirements of the work order;
- duplicates the actions of the observer for technical activities;
- is obliged to have complete information about objects that may affect the safe and accident-free performance of work.
The responsible manager of the work performed in electrical installations bears the greatest, that is, the main, responsibility at the work site:
- safe work performance in general;
- complete implementation of the actions prescribed by the order;
- taking additional, unforeseen actions.
All team workers are equally responsible for the safe conduct of work in electrical installations and have the following individual responsibilities:
- compliance with standards and requirements of Labor Safety Rules;
- rules for safe work in electrical installations;
- local instructions and other guidance documents;
- must be able to use tools and equipment;
- are responsible for the serviceability of the equipment and tools entrusted to him;
- the ability to use and put into practice personal protective equipment, the ability to quickly check them.
The safety briefing is read out by both the work performer and the permitter.
Such duplication of targeted instruction by several persons aims to fill possible gaps in knowledge of safety precautions, rules and methods of performing work, since all this should be at the level of automaticity for workers involved in the maintenance, installation and repair of electrical equipment.
As mentioned above, the list of responsible persons in some cases may be slightly reduced. Thus, for some categories of workers it is possible to combine several positions. The combination of duties is strictly stipulated in the current rules and regulations and cannot be changed. For example, the manager who issued and signed the work order may also be present in the group as a responsible manager or work performer and even perform the duties of a permitter. In exactly the same way, the responsible manager can also be a performer of work and be appointed as a permitter, and so on for the remaining categories of responsible persons.
The issuance of work permits must be strictly recorded in the journal against the signature of the person who issued the completed work order. You should know that each work order drawn up to perform any type of work should be issued in at least two copies. One of them is kept at the place of discharge (with the employee who signed the order). A duplicate is kept by the responsible employee of the group directly at the place of work.
At the end of the activities at the site, the work order with all marks and comments is returned to the issuer.
Important! The outfit must be kept at the enterprise for at least 30 days. In the event that, during the work, or while the work order is stored after completion, an accident occurs at the work site, or an emergency situation occurs, the work order must be filed with the materials of the official investigation and stored in the archive.
The work order is drawn up before the start of work. You can write it out in advance, but no more than 15 days in advance. In case of emergency, the order can be extended once, but also for up to 15 days. In the future, to continue work, a new work order is required.
The enterprise may adopt another form of accounting and control over the issuance of work orders, but the very fact of admission to work of a team or employee, as well as the appointment of those responsible, must be recorded in chronological order along with other records.
Important! Receiving a work order implies a categorical prohibition to change the measures prescribed in it to prepare the workplace. In the event that the completed activities require additions due to their insufficiency, the preparation work is stopped until a new work order is drawn up. The modified outfit must include additional safety measures.
The appointment of new employees to the executive team must be accompanied by records. In this case, everyone allowed to work must be instructed.
Work order
- Lead time;
- Characteristics of the required actions;
- The composition of the production team by name;
- Safety precautions during preparatory work and the actual execution of the task.
Work in electrical installations over 1000 V can also be carried out by order, but only in case of elimination of accidents, malfunctions, damage, including to prevent accidents, if the required time is no more than 1 hour. This does not take into account the time required to prepare the workplace.
Important! If the work is expected to last for a longer period, then drawing up a work order is mandatory.
In a work team, as well as when working alongside others, a responsible employee must be appointed who is responsible for the safety of the work performed as a whole.
The right to issue orders and instructions is granted only to those administrative and technical employees who have a qualification group of at least IV for installations with operating voltages below 1000 V, and V electrical safety group for work in electrical installations with operating voltages above 1000 V.
Work without a work order or order
During the normal operation of equipment, which is called routine operation, various types of work are performed. Regular maintenance work can be carried out without obtaining permits. There is a condition for performing such work. They must be present in the list, which is compiled by the person responsible for the electrical facilities and approved by the first manager of the enterprise.
Criteria by which these categories of work can be included in the list:
- The electrical installation voltage does not exceed 1000V;
- The scope of work cannot exceed the duration of one shift;
- Performed by personnel who are permanently assigned to the equipment;
- The preparation of the workplace is carried out by the same workers, without the involvement of specialists from other areas or enterprises.
The list must be updated at least once a year, but more often it may be adjusted based on local conditions or circumstances.
Work from the list can be performed without mandatory targeted instruction. Only a record of their production in the operational journal is required. More precisely, the accounting procedure is specified in the list itself.
Safety briefing
Work according to the order or order is prohibited from being carried out without conducting and checking knowledge of the target briefing, which must contain information about the purpose and content of the permit document, comprehensive information about safety requirements in order to prevent the likelihood of an accident or accident. It must contain indications of the boundaries of the work area, places where direct or induced voltage may appear and, accordingly, places and parts of devices that are prohibited from approaching in order to avoid receiving an electric shock (regardless of whether voltage is currently applied to them or No).
The briefing is carried out by the person responsible for the safe conduct of work with all participants who are listed in the work order along the chain, starting from the person who issued the work order and ending with the members of the team directly performing the work.
Each person who receives instructions puts his signature on familiarization in the corresponding column of the permit document (order or work order). The one who conducts the targeted briefing also signs there.
All workers servicing existing electrical installations are required to have the appropriate electrical safety group and certificates confirming the assignment of the required qualification group. The level of knowledge and suitability for the position held is determined by conducting examinations on labor protection and electrical safety, knowledge of regulations and technology for servicing assigned devices according to pre-drawn and approved schedules.
In addition to all this, everyone must have a work permit based on the results of periodic medical examinations. Workers who have demonstrated unsatisfactory knowledge and were unable to answer questions from the qualification commission or have medical contraindications are not allowed to work in existing electrical installations. The level of knowledge can be confirmed by repeat exams, the retake deadlines for which are indicated in the regulatory documentation.
Technical events
Organizational events alone cannot fully ensure the required level of security. They must be accompanied by technical measures that complement them and ensure the safety of work in electrical installations.
The full list of events is quite extensive, but the most important ones can be highlighted:
- Disconnection of voltage on electrical installation equipment;
- Taking measures to prevent intentional, erroneous or spontaneous inclusion;
- Hanging prohibitory, warning and directional posters and signs;
- Checking the complete absence of supply or induced voltage on all, without exception, disconnected parts and applying temporary grounding.
Switching off an electrical installation involves removing the voltage from all or individual live parts dedicated to the work. Those areas of equipment to which it is possible to accidentally approach at a distance less than the permissible distance are also subject to shutdown. It is allowed to protect parts of the installation that are not switched off with insulating partitions and shields in order to prevent touching these parts. Before starting work, the devices used to switch on the electrical installation should be blocked from possible spontaneous or erroneous switching on. For these purposes, insulating gaskets are installed between the contacts of the disconnectors, the terminals of the control coils of the magnetic starters are removed, and other measures are provided for in the work order.
Posters are hung on switches and switches that warn that people are working on the installation, as well as posters that directly prohibit any actions, including switching on.
The next mandatory requirement of technical measures is a complete check of the absence of voltage in all phases and the imposition of temporary grounding on disconnected current-carrying parts and those parts on which voltage may appear.
Voltage testing is carried out using personal protective equipment using measuring instruments, probes and indicators, tested in the laboratory and directly at the workplace by checking the presence of voltage on the connected live parts. If the voltage tester is dropped or hit by something, it must be checked before use.
Grounding devices must have an inspection certificate and be technically sound. The application of temporary grounding is carried out strictly according to the rule - first it is connected to the grounding terminal on the grounding circuit, only after that the terminals can be connected to the grounded part of the installation. Removal is carried out in the reverse order - first of all, the grounding is disconnected from the grounded current-carrying part, and then from the grounding terminal.
Video
3.5. Persons responsible for the safety of work in electrical installations
Responsible for safe work performance are:
issuing order, giving orders, approving the list of works performed in the order of current operation;
permissive;
work producer;
watching;
brigade members.
The issuing order, issuing the order, determines the need and possibility of performing the work safely. He is responsible for the sufficiency and correctness of the safety measures specified in the work order (order), for the qualitative and quantitative composition of the team and the appointment of those responsible for safety, as well as for compliance with the work performed by the groups of workers listed in the work order, conducting targeted briefing of the responsible work manager (work manager, supervisor ).
The right to issue orders and orders is granted to employees from among the administrative and technical personnel of the organization who have group V - in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V and group IV - in electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V.
A responsible supervisor is appointed, as a rule, when working in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V. In electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V, a responsible supervisor, as a rule, is not appointed.
The responsible work manager is responsible for the implementation of all safety measures specified in the work order and their sufficiency, for the additional safety measures he takes necessary under the conditions of the work, for the completeness and quality of the targeted briefing of the team, including those carried out by the permitter and the manufacturer of the work, as well as for the organization safe work performance.
Employees from among the administrative and technical personnel who have group V in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V and group IV in electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V are appointed as responsible work managers.
The need to appoint a responsible work manager is determined by the issuing work order.
The person admitting is responsible for the correctness and sufficiency of the safety measures taken and their compliance with the measures specified in the work order or order, the nature and place of work, for the correct admission to work, as well as for the completeness and quality of the targeted briefing carried out by him.
Admitters must be appointed from among the operational personnel. In electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V, the permitting device must have group IV, and in electrical installations up to 1000 V - group III.
The work producer answers:
For compliance of the prepared workplace with the instructions of the work order, additional safety measures required by the conditions of the work;
For the availability, serviceability and correct use of the necessary protective equipment, tools, equipment and devices;
For the safety of fences, posters, grounding, and locking devices in the workplace;
For the safe performance of work and compliance with labor regulations by himself and the team members;
For constant monitoring of team members.
The manufacturer of work performed alongside in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V must have group IV, and in electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V - group III.
The manufacturer of work performed by order may have group III when working in all electrical installations, except for the cases specified in the technical regulations.
A supervisor should be appointed to supervise teams that do not have the right to work independently in electrical installations, as well as when carrying out high-risk work.
The observer answers:
For compliance of the prepared workplace with the instructions provided in the work order;
For the clarity and completeness of targeted instructions to team members;
For the presence and safety of grounding systems, fences, posters and safety signs installed at the workplace, and drive locking devices;
For the safety of team members in relation to electric shock from electrical installations.
The observer is prohibited from combining supervision with the performance of any work.
An employee with group III can be appointed as an observer.
Each team member must comply with the requirements of labor safety regulations and instructions received upon admission to work and during work, as well as the requirements of labor protection instructions of the relevant organizations.
A written instruction from the head of the organization must formalize the granting of his employees the rights of: issuing an order, an order; permissive, responsible work manager; the work producer (observer), as well as the right of sole inspection.
One of the combinations of duties of those responsible for the safe conduct of work is allowed in accordance with Table 3.2.
Table 3.2
|
Responsible worker |
Combined responsibilities |
|
Outstanding outfit giving orders |
Responsible work manager Producer of works |
|
Responsible work manager |
Producer of works Permissive (in electrical installations that do not have local operating personnel) |
|
Work performer from among the operational and repair personnel |
Permissive (in electrical installations with a simple and clear diagram) |
|
Work producer with group IV |
Permitting (in cases provided for by the POT) |
A person admitted from among the operational personnel can perform the duties of a team member.
The work foreman usually performs the duties of a supervisor.
Answer.
Organizational measures to ensure the safety of work in electrical installations are:
Registration of work orders, instructions or lists of works performed in the order of current operation;
Permission to work;
Supervision during work;
Registration of breaks in work, transfer to another workplace, termination of work.
Responsible for safe work performance are:
Issuing order, giving orders, approving the list of works performed in the order of current operation;
Responsible work manager;
Permissive;
Work producer;
Watching;
Brigade members.
Question 2. Responsibilities of the admitter and from which employees is he appointed?
Answer.
The person admitting is responsible for the correctness and sufficiency of the safety measures taken and their compliance with the measures specified in the work order, the nature and place of work, for the correct admission to work, as well as for the completeness and quality of the instructions he provides to the team members.
Admitters must be appointed from among the operational personnel, with the exception of access to overhead lines. In electrical installations above 1000 V, the permitting device must have group IV, and in electrical installations up to 1000 V - group III. An employee who is admitted to operational switching by order of the head of the organization may be an eligible employee.
One of the combinations of responsibilities of those responsible for the safe conduct of work is allowed. A person admitted from among the operational personnel can perform the duties of a team member.
Before being allowed to work, the applicant must ensure that technical measures to prepare the workplace are completed through personal inspection, according to entries in the operational log, according to the operational scheme and according to reports from operational, operational and repair personnel.
Admission to work is carried out after checking the preparation of the workplace. In this case, the person admitting must check the compliance of the brigade composition with the composition specified in the order or order, according to the personal identification cards of the brigade members; prove to the team that there is no voltage by showing the installed groundings or checking the absence of voltage if the groundings are not visible from the workplace, and in electrical installations with a voltage of 35 kV and below (where the design allows) - by subsequently touching the live parts with your hand.
The permitting person conducts targeted instruction along with the responsible work manager, the work foreman (supervisor) and team members, and by order - the work foreman (supervisor), team members (performers).
In the targeted briefing, the person allowing the inspection must familiarize the team members with the contents of the work order, instructions, indicate the boundaries of the workplace, show the equipment closest to the workplace and live parts of the repaired and adjacent connections, which are prohibited from approaching, regardless of whether they are energized or not.
Depending on the complexity of work in electrical installations, they are divided into 4 categories:
1) Work with complete voltage relief is carried out in an electrical installation where the voltage is removed from all live parts and the entrance to the adjacent electrical installation, which is under voltage, is closed;
2) Work with partial voltage relief is carried out at an electrical installation, where the voltage is removed only from those parts where the work will be performed and the entrance to the adjacent electrical installation is open;
3) Work on live parts under voltage is carried out using protective equipment;
Work away from live parts is carried out behind permanent fences.
Organizational measures to ensure safe work in electrical installations are:
a) registration of work with a work permit or order;
b) permission to work;
c) supervision during work;
d) registration of breaks in work, transfers to another workplace, end of work.
Order, order, current operation
Work in electrical installations is carried out according to orders, orders, and in the order of routine operation.
An order is a task for the safe performance of work, drawn up on a special form in the established form and defining the content, place of work, time of its start and end, conditions for safe conduct, composition of the team and persons responsible for the safety of the work.
Along with this, all work on servicing electrical installations is carried out. Work can be performed with voltage relief, without removing voltage on live parts and near them.
An order is an assignment for the production of work, defining its content, place, time, security measures and persons entrusted with its implementation. The order can be transmitted directly or using means of communication with subsequent entry in the operational journal.
The order is of a one-time nature; its validity period depends on the length of the performers’ working day.
Current operation is the independent performance of work by operational personnel in the area assigned to them during one shift.
Responsible for work safety are:
a) the person issuing the order, giving the order (head of the workshop or section);
b) admitting person (person from the operational staff);
c) responsible work manager (site foreman);
d) work foreman (foreman);
e) observer (if work in the power plant is carried out by non-electrical personnel);
E) team members (repair personnel).
The person issuing the order or giving the order establishes the need and scope of the work.
It is also responsible for its safe implementation, the adequacy of the qualifications of the responsible manager, the work manager or supervisor (as well as team members, if he determines the composition of the team instead of the responsible manager).
The right to issue orders and orders is granted to persons from the electrical technical personnel of the enterprise authorized to do so by order of the person responsible for the electrical equipment of the enterprise (organization). Each enterprise compiles a list of persons responsible for electrical equipment. This is the chief power engineer, shop power engineers, the head of the electrical shop, as well as their deputies. A list of persons entitled to issue orders is also compiled. These are persons responsible for electrical equipment, as well as some persons from the operational staff.
Person issuing the outfit, must have an electrical safety group of not lower than V in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V and not lower than IV in installations with voltages up to 1000 V.
Permissive- responsible person from the operational staff. He is responsible:
a) for the correct implementation of security measures;
b) for correct admission to work, acceptance of the workplace upon completion of work with registration in work orders and logs.
If doubt arises about the possibility of safely performing work according to a given work order, order, or about the sufficiency and correctness of the measures for preparing the workplace specified in the work order, this preparation must be stopped.
The permittee must have an electrical safety group of at least IV when working in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V and at least III in installations up to 1000 V.
Responsible manager is responsible for the size of the team and for the adequacy of the qualifications of the people in the team. He is also responsible for the correct preparation of the workplace and the adequacy of the safety measures taken.
The responsible manager is prohibited from directly participating in the work on orders, except in cases where he combines the duties of the responsible manager and the work producer.
Engineers, technicians and foremen with electrical safety group V are appointed as responsible managers.
A responsible manager, as a rule, is not appointed for work performed with voltage relief, as well as away from live parts under voltage.
Producer of works, accepting the workplace from the person admitting it, is responsible for the correctness of its preparation and for the implementation of the necessary safety measures.
The work manager is obliged to instruct the team about the safety measures that must be observed during work.
The work performer complies with the PTE and PTB himself and is responsible for their compliance by members of his team, monitors the serviceability of tools, rigging and other repair equipment. The work performer is also obliged to ensure that the fences, posters, and groundings installed at the work site are not removed or rearranged.
The manufacturer of work carried out in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V must have an electrical safety group of at least IV, and in installations up to 1000 V - a group of at least III. The manufacturer of work performed by order in all electrical installations must have a group of at least III.
Watching appointed to supervise teams of construction workers, general workers, riggers and other non-electrical personnel when they perform work in electrical installations according to orders or orders.
The supervisor controls the presence of grounding connections, fences, posters, and locking devices installed at the work site and is responsible for the safety of team members from electric shock from the electrical installation.
The supervisor is prohibited from combining supervision with the performance of any work and leaving the team unsupervised during work. Persons with an electrical safety group of at least III are appointed as observers.
One person is allowed to combine the duties of two persons from among the following: a) issuing the order; b) responsible manager; c) the manufacturer of the work.
2.3. The procedure for issuing and issuing a work order
The evening before the day before the repair, the person responsible for electrical equipment submits an application to the dispatch service to carry out repair work. The next morning, a responsible work manager is appointed and a repair team is assembled. The repair team also includes the workman.
The composition of the team is determined by the responsible leader or the person issuing the order (if the responsible leader is not appointed).
Admission of the brigade to work according to the order
After arriving at the work site, the responsible manager and the substation duty officer make operational switches. After this, the work performer checks the correctness of their execution and compliance with safety regulations.
After the check, the team is given permission, which means that it allows:
a) checks the compliance of the composition of the team and the qualifications of the persons included in it;
b) reads by name the responsible manager, the work manager, team members and the content of the assigned work; explains to the team where the voltage has been removed, where the ground connections have been made, which parts of the connection being repaired and adjacent connections remain energized, and what special conditions for the work must be observed; indicates to the team the boundaries of the workplace; makes sure that everything stated by the team is understood;
c) proves to the team that there is no voltage: in installations with voltages above 35 kV - by showing applied grounding connections; in installations with a voltage of 35 kV and below, touch live parts with your hand after first checking the absence of voltage with a voltage indicator or rod;
d) hands over the workplace to the work contractor, which is recorded in the work order.
One copy of the work order is with the work contractor, the second is with the operating personnel.
The time of admission of the brigade and completion of work, indicating the work order number and content of the work, is recorded in the operational journal.
If it is necessary to test switch on the electrical installation, the team leaves the work site, the operating personnel removes the posters and groundings and installs permanent fences. After a test run, the team is cleared again to resume work.
General provisions
High-risk work includes work in which there is or may arise an operational hazard for workers.
Such work is subject to additional (increased) safety requirements and during their production, in addition to the usual safety measures, it is necessary to carry out additional organizational and technical measures that reduce production risks and ensure the safety of workers. These measures must be developed before the start of work, and the workers organizing this work must implement them.
When organizing work (location of work areas, workplaces, driveways, walkways, etc.), it is necessary to establish zones that are dangerous to people, within which dangerous and harmful production factors constantly operate or may arise.
Zones of constantly operating hazardous production factors should include workplaces, passages and passages to them located:
Close to non-insulated live parts of electrical installations;
Near unfenced differences in height of 1.3 m or more;
In places where harmful or dangerous substances are contained in concentrations above the maximum permissible;
In places where there are dangerous and harmful physical factors with parameters above the maximum permissible levels.
Areas of potentially hazardous production factors include unfenced and unprotected areas:
Areas of territory near a building (structure) under construction;
Floors (tiers) of buildings and structures in one area on which work is being carried out;
Areas of movement of machines, mechanisms, equipment, units, components and parts;
Areas over which cargo is moved by cranes;
Areas where equipment is located with toxic, corrosive, flammable, radioactive, explosive, etc. substances;
Other areas where personnel may be exposed to hazardous and harmful factors.
The dimensions of these hazardous areas are determined by special tables.
Places of temporary or permanent residence of workers must be located outside hazardous areas. At the boundaries of areas of permanently operating hazardous production factors, protective fences must be installed, and areas of potentially hazardous factors - signal fences and safety signs.
The effect of hazardous production factors during the performance of work may be associated with the nature of the work performed or not when the work is carried out in the area of influence of already existing hazardous production factors. Work in which both conditions are present are classified as particularly dangerous work and such work can only be performed after a permit has been issued.
An authorization work order (work order) is a task for the performance of work, drawn up on a special form of the established form and defining the content, place of work, start and end times, conditions for safe conduct, composition of the team and workers responsible for the safe performance of the work.
A general list of types of high-risk work that are subject to additional (increased) labor safety requirements is given in Appendix No. 1.
The list of high-risk work for which a permit must be issued is given in Appendix No. 2.
An approximate form of the permit is given in Appendix No. 3.
The work permit determines the place of execution, the content of high-risk work, the conditions for its safe performance, the start and end times of the work, the composition of the team and the persons responsible for safety during the performance of this work. That is, the “Work Order” section defines the work, the “Permission” section defines labor protection and safety during their implementation.
The permit may, if necessary, be accompanied by sketches of protective devices and devices, diagrams of the placement of cordon posts, installation of warning signs, etc. The system of work permits does not replace the development of other documentation on occupational safety.
Where work is carried out on the basis of design and estimate documentation (construction, installation, repair and other work), labor safety is provided for in the design and estimate documentation, as well as in the organizational and technological documentation (construction organization project, work execution plan), which should contain specific design solutions for labor safety that define technical means and work methods that ensure compliance with regulatory labor safety requirements.
It is not allowed to replace design solutions with extracts from occupational safety standards and regulations, which are recommended to be provided only as a justification for the development of appropriate solutions.
In exceptional cases, high-risk work such as: prevention and elimination of accidents and natural disasters, elimination of threats to the lives of workers, can be started without issuing a work permit, but with mandatory compliance with a set of measures to ensure the safety of workers and under the direct supervision of the responsible official.
If these works take a protracted nature, it is necessary to issue a work permit.
The following persons are allowed to independently perform high-risk work:
At least 18 years of age;
Recognized as fit by medical examination to perform these works;
Having no contraindications based on age and gender;
Having a valid certificate for the right to carry out these works;
Those who have been trained in safe methods and techniques of work according to a special program and tested their knowledge of rules, regulations and instructions on labor protection, including these instructions;
Received training in the workplace on occupational health and safety.
Workers admitted to high-risk work for the first time must perform such work for 1 year under the direct supervision of experienced workers appointed by order.
It is prohibited to perform high-risk work alone.
Requirements for personnel responsible for organizing and performing high-risk work
Responsible for safety when performing work according to work permits are:
The person issuing the permit.
Responsible work manager (permitting).
Responsible performer of work (observer).
Members of a team (link) performing work under a work permit.
These persons must undergo training and knowledge testing in occupational safety and health according to a special program.
The person issuing the work permit determines the need to perform work, the volume and timing of its completion, appoints performers (responsible manager, responsible executor and team members), determines the conditions for the safe performance of work, writes out, draws up and issues the work permit to the responsible work manager. He is responsible for the entire range of issues related to the work: the correctness and completeness of the safety measures specified in the work permit, the qualifications and readiness of performers, their instructions, the procedure for admission to this work, for disconnecting the work area from existing systems, designating dangerous and harmful factors and protection from them, etc. Appointed from among the management personnel by order.
The responsible work manager establishes the nature and scope of the work, appoints the responsible performer of the work, determines the size of the team and the qualifications of its members, checks the implementation of the safety measures specified in the work permit to ensure the safety of workers, ensures safety control during the work and after its completion, carries out briefing the responsible work manager and team members before work. Appointed from among the management team.
The responsible executor of the work, having accepted the object (place) of the work from the responsible work manager, supervises the work of the team members, provides them with targeted instruction on labor safety, monitors compliance with safety measures by the team members, the use and correct use of personal protective equipment, and the availability and the serviceability of the tool, the presence of fences, protective equipment and devices, safety signs, etc. He is responsible for the technical supervision of the work, for compliance with the safety measures specified in the work permit, in the work project and in the operating instructions for the equipment used. Can be appointed from among foremen, foremen, foremen, team members who have previously undergone training and knowledge testing on labor protection and safety, who have a good knowledge of the equipment and technology of the upcoming work, who are able to provide detailed instructions to team members, who are able to provide the necessary control over their actions during work, certified and admitted to these works in the prescribed manner.
The following combination of duties is permitted: the person issuing the work permit can simultaneously be the responsible work manager, and the responsible work manager can simultaneously be the responsible work performer.
Team members performing high-risk work are responsible for following the instructions received upon admission to work and during the work process, for the correct handling of equipment, tools, materials, for the correct use of the protective equipment provided at their disposal, for taking actions in accordance with their capabilities. measures for their own safety and the safety of team members, for compliance with production and technological discipline.
Work in which several services are involved is called combined. The permit for them is issued by the person to whom these services report.
The person who issued the work permit for combined work must additionally ensure that the combined work is coordinated in terms of volume, timing and safety measures with the head of the department where these works will be carried out and reflect this in the work permit for the combined work, and the head of the department in which such work will be carried out the work is supposed to be performed, must allocate an area for the work and ensure the implementation of the safety measures specified for him in the work permit.
When combining work, the head of the department, together with the responsible work manager and the responsible executor, must organize control and ensure the implementation of the activities specified in the permit work order.
For high-risk work performed by contractors, permits must be issued by authorized persons of the contractors and also signed by an official of the customer organization where these works will be performed. If the work is to be carried out on the territory of an existing production facility, the customer and the contractor (subcontractor) are required to issue an approval certificate in the prescribed form. In this case, the heads of the customer's and contractor's organizations are responsible for the implementation of safety measures provided for in the approval certificate: the customer - for the occurrence of industrial hazards not related to the nature of the contractor's work, and the contractor - for the organization and safety of the work he performs.
3. The procedure for registration and issuance of work permits
A work permit to perform work with increased danger must be issued before the start of work.
The issuance and return of the permit must be recorded in a special journal in the prescribed form, which must be numbered, laced and sealed. The journal, blank forms and closed permit orders are kept by the person issuing them.
A work permit is issued for the period necessary to complete a specified amount of work. Only the person issuing it can extend the validity period of the permit.
The permit is issued in 2 copies (one is kept by the person who issued the permit, the other is issued to the responsible work manager. Correction of the text is not allowed.
When work is carried out by 2 or more teams at one site, a work permit is issued to the responsible performer of the work for each team, signed by one person, and measures must be developed to ensure safety, taking into account the joint nature of the work performed by the teams.
When performing work on the territory of an operating enterprise, the work permit is issued in 3 copies (the third copy is issued to the responsible person of the operating enterprise (division), having agreed on safety measures and the procedure for carrying out work).
Work carried out near existing power lines and hidden communications must be previously agreed with their owners, and the relevant documents (communication diagrams, etc.) must be attached to the permit.
The responsible performer of the work may be issued only one permit.
If the working conditions, its nature, as well as the composition of the team change, then the safety measures are adjusted accordingly, and the work permit is reissued.
All persons responsible for the safe performance of work should not accept work permits and allow team members to work if the safety measures are not fully reflected or do not comply with the rules and regulations for occupational safety and health.
Each type of high-risk work is issued with its own permit; its content may differ.
SCROLL
high-risk work, which is subject to additional (increased) labor safety requirements
Types of jobs.
1. Climbers and at heights.
2. In closed and limited spaces (containers, compartments, boxes, etc.).
3. In wells, trenches, pits more than 1.5 m deep.
4. Repair, construction, installation and other work at a height of more than 2 m from the floor without inventory scaffolding and scaffolding.
5. Repair and cleaning of building roofs, roofing work.
6. Carrying out repair work during the operation of heating networks and equipment, hot water pipelines.
7. Work in existing electrical installations.
8. Electric welding work in confined spaces and premises.
9. Gas welding, gas cutting.
10. Painting work using materials and substances with toxic properties.
11. Work using flammable liquids and materials.
12. Work with the use of acids, alkalis and other aggressive and toxic substances.
13. Work using sources of ionizing radiation.
14. Work using construction and installation guns.
15. Repair and charging of batteries.
16. Work using lifting mechanisms (elevators, cranes, etc.)
17. Work using electric and pneumatic tools.
18. Work using bitumen mastics.
19. Hot work in fire and explosive conditions.
20. Other work performed in departments and posing a danger to workers.
Appendix No. 2
SCROLL
OUTFIT
1.1. To the responsible work manager______________________________________________________________
(position, surname, first name, patronymic)
and a team of _____ people is assigned to carry out the following work:______________________________________________________________________________________
1.2. Hazardous production factors that exist or may arise _____________________
1.3. When preparing and performing work, ensure the following:
Occupational health and safety measures:______________________________________________________________
1.4. Start work at _____ o'clock. "__" _________ 200 _ g.
(time, date)
1.5. Finish work at ___ o'clock. "__" _________ 200 _ g.
(time, date)
1.6. The outfit was issued by ______________________________________________________________________________
(position, surname, first name, patronymic, signature)
ADMISSION
2.1. Instruction on labor protection and safety in the scope of instructions
__________________________________________________________________
(indicate the instructions used for the training)
carried out by a team of ______ people, including:
2.2. Measures to ensure work safety have been completed.
The person responsible for the work and the entire team are familiar with the conditions and features of the work. The object is prepared for work.
Responsible manager _______________ "__" __________ 200_
(signature) (date)
2.3. The work order was also familiarized with the conditions and features of the work - the permit was received
responsible executor of the work ___________ "__" _______ 200_
(signature) (date)
2.4. I checked the preparation of the workplace. I give permission to begin work.
Responsible work manager _________ "__" _________ 200_
(signature) (date)
REGISTRATION OF DAILY PERMISSION
FOR WORK AND COMPLETION OF WORK
3.2. The work is completed, tools and equipment are removed, personnel
removed from the work site.
Attire - admission closed at ____ hour. "__" __________ 200_ g.
(time, date)
Responsible performer of work ______________ _____________ 200_
(signature) (date)
Responsible work manager ______________ _____________ 200_
(signature) (date)
Organization of work in electrical installations
Responsible for safe work performance
Due to their special danger, any work in electrical installations is carried out only after certain organizational, and after their implementation, also technical measures are carried out to ensure the safety of the work. All these activities are strictly regulated by the Labor Safety Rules during the operation of electrical installations and must be carried out by persons responsible for the safe performance of work in electrical installations. A list of these persons, the conditions under which any of them can (or should be) appointed, their responsibilities, as well as the electrical safety groups they must have when performing various types of work are given below.
TO organizational measures to ensure the safety of work in electrical installations, relate:
Registration of work orders, orders or lists of works performed in the order of current operation;
Permission to work;
Supervision during work;
Registration of a break in work, transfer to another place, end of work.
Responsible for safe work performance are:
Issuing order, giving orders, approving the list of works performed in the order of current operation;
Responsible work manager;
Permissive;
Work producer;
Watching;
Brigade members.
Unauthorized work is not allowed, as well as expansion of jobs and the scope of the task determined by the work order or order or the approved list of work performed in the course of routine operation.
Issuing order or giving order determines the need and possibility of performing the work safely. He is responsible for the sufficiency and correctness of the safety measures specified in the work order (order), for the qualitative and quantitative composition of the team, for the appointment of those responsible for safety, as well as for the compliance of the workers listed in the work order with the work being performed, for conducting targeted briefing of the responsible work manager (or work manager , observer).
Employees from among the administrative and technical personnel of the organization who have group V (when working in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V) and group IV (in electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V) have the right to issue orders and orders. In the absence of these workers, an order or order can be issued by persons from among the operational personnel with group IV, but only for work to prevent accidents or eliminate their consequences.
Granting operational personnel the right to issue orders and orders must be formalized in writing by the head of the organization.
Responsible work manager are appointed, as a rule, when performing work in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V (lower ones are usually not assigned) from among administrative and technical personnel with group V (when working in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V) and group IV (up to 1000 V) .
He is responsible for the implementation of all safety measures specified in the work order and their sufficiency, for the quality of targeted briefing of the team, including those carried out by the permitter and the manufacturer of the work, as well as for the organization of safe work.
In cases where individual work (stages of work) must be performed under the supervision and control of the responsible work manager, the issuing work order must make an appropriate entry about this in the work order.
The need to appoint a responsible work manager is determined by the issuing work order. It is mandatory to appoint it when performing work:
Using mechanisms and lifting machines when working in electrical installations, as well as in the security zone of overhead lines;
With electrical equipment disconnected;
On cable power lines (CL) and cable communication lines (CLS) in areas where communications and heavy traffic are located;
At the intersection of overhead lines with other overhead lines and transport routes and in other cases determined by POTPEE .
Permissive is responsible for the correctness and sufficiency of the safety measures taken and their compliance with the measures specified in the work order or order, the nature and place of work, for the correct admission to work, as well as for the completeness and quality of the targeted briefing carried out by him. He is appointed from among the operational personnel. It must have group IV when working in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V, and group III - up to 1000 V.
Producer of works is responsible for:
Compliance of the prepared workplace with the instructions of the work order and the adoption of additional safety measures required by the conditions of the work;
Availability, serviceability and correct use of the necessary protective equipment, tools, equipment and devices, fences, posters, grounding, locking devices;
Safe performance of work and constant monitoring of team members.
The manufacturer of work performed in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V must have group IV, and up to 1000 V - group III, except for some more dangerous work, where he must also have group IV (work in underground structures where harmful gases may appear ; work under voltage and some others).
The producer of work performed under orders may have group III.
Observer (must have group III) are appointed to supervise teams that do not have the right to work independently in electrical installations. He is responsible for:
Compliance of the prepared workplace with the instructions provided in the work order;
Clarity and completeness of targeted instructions to team members;
Availability and safety of grounding connections, fences, posters and safety signs, and drive locking devices installed at the workplace;
Safety of crew members in relation to electric shock from electrical installations.
Responsible for safety , related to work technology, is the employee who heads the team, who is part of it and must constantly be at the workplace. His last name is indicated on the outfit.
Each team member must comply with the requirements of PTPEEE and instructions received upon admission to work and during work.
Head of the organization a written instruction determines who has the right to issue a work order, give an order, who can be appointed as an admitter, a responsible work manager, a work performer (supervisor), and also who has the right to single-handedly inspect electrical installations.
Combination of duties of responsible persons is allowed for the safe conduct of work, but not more than one combination. So, for example, the issuing order and the one giving the order can combine the duties of either the responsible work manager, or the work performer, or the permitter (in electrical installations that do not have local operating personnel); responsible work manager - responsibilities of the work producer or permitter (also in electrical installations that do not have local operating personnel); the work performer from among the operational and repair personnel can combine the duties of the permitter; admitting from among the operational personnel - the duties of a team member.
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2. ORGANIZATIONAL MEASURES TO ENSURE WORK SAFETY
2.1. General requirements.
Those responsible for work safety, their rights and responsibilities
2.1.1. Organizational measures to ensure the safety of work in electrical installations are:
registration of work orders, instructions or lists of works performed in the order of current operation;
permission to work;
supervision during work;
registration of a break in work, transfer to another place, end of work.
2.1.2. Responsible for safe work performance are:
issuing order, giving orders, approving the list of works performed in the order of current operation;
responsible work manager;
permissive;
work producer;
watching;
crew member.
2.1.3. The issuing order, giving the order, determines the need and possibility of performing the work safely. He is responsible for the adequacy and correctness of the safety measures specified in the work order (order), for the qualitative and quantitative composition of the team and the appointment of those responsible for safety, as well as for the compliance with the work performed by the groups of workers listed in the work order.
2.1.4. The right to issue orders and orders is granted to employees from among the administrative and technical personnel of the organization who have group V - in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V and group IV - in electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V.
In the absence of employees who have the right to issue orders and orders, when working to prevent accidents or eliminate their consequences, it is allowed to issue orders and orders by employees from among the operational personnel who have group IV. Granting operational personnel the right to issue orders must be formalized in writing by the head of the organization.
2.1.5. A responsible supervisor is appointed, as a rule, when working in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V. In electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V, a responsible supervisor may not be appointed.
The responsible work manager is responsible for the implementation of all safety measures specified in the work order and their sufficiency, for the additional safety measures taken by him, for the completeness and quality of the targeted briefing of the team, including those carried out by the permitter and the manufacturer of the work, as well as for organizing the safe conduct of work.
Employees from among the administrative and technical personnel with group V are appointed as responsible work managers. In cases where individual work (work stages) must be performed under the supervision and control of the responsible work manager, the issuing order must make an entry about this in the line “Individual instructions” outfit (Appendix No. 4 to these Rules).
The responsible work manager is appointed when performing the work:
using mechanisms and lifting machines;
with disconnection of electrical equipment, with the exception of work in electrical installations where the voltage is removed from all live parts (clause 2.2.8 of these Rules), in electrical installations with a simple and clear electrical connection diagram, on electric motors and their connections in the switchgear;
on cable lines and cable lines in areas where communications and heavy traffic are located;
for installation and dismantling of supports of all types, replacement of elements of overhead line supports;
at the intersection of overhead lines with other overhead lines and transport highways, in the spans of intersection of wires in outdoor switchgear;
on connecting a newly constructed overhead line;
on changing the connection diagrams of wires and cables of overhead lines;
on a disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line with circuits arranged one above the other or the number of circuits more than 2, when one or all other circuits remain energized;
when two or more teams are working simultaneously;
phase-by-phase repair of overhead lines;
under induced voltage;
without relieving voltage on live parts with insulation of a person from the ground;
on SDTU equipment and installations for the installation of mast transitions, testing of CLS, when working with NUP (NRP) equipment, on connection filters without turning on the grounding blade of the coupling capacitor.
The need to appoint a responsible work manager is determined by the issuing order, which is allowed to appoint a responsible work manager for other work besides those listed.
2.1.6. The person admitting is responsible for the correctness and sufficiency of the safety measures taken and their compliance with the measures specified in the work order, the nature and place of work, for the correct admission to work, as well as for the completeness and quality of the instructions he provides to the team members.
Admitters must be appointed from among the operational personnel, with the exception of access to overhead lines, subject to the conditions listed in clause 2.1.11 of these Rules. In electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V, the permitting device must have group IV, and in electrical installations up to 1000 V - group III.
An employee who is admitted to operational switching by order of the head of the organization may be an eligible employee.
2.1.7. The work producer answers:
for compliance of the prepared workplace with the instructions of the work order, additional safety measures required by the conditions of the work;
for the clarity and completeness of instructions to team members;
for the availability, serviceability and correct use of the necessary protective equipment, tools, equipment and devices;
for the safety of fences, posters, grounding, and locking devices in the workplace;
for the safe conduct of work and compliance with these Rules by himself and the members of the team;
for constant monitoring of team members.
The manufacturer of work performed alongside in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V must have group IV, and in electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V - group III, except for work in underground structures, where the appearance of harmful gases is possible, work under voltage, re-stretching and replacement work wires on overhead lines with voltages up to 1000 V, suspended on overhead line supports with voltages above 1000 V, for which the work operator must have group IV.
The manufacturer of work performed by order may have group III when working in all electrical installations, except for the cases specified in clauses 2.3.5, 4.2.5 of these Rules.
2.1.8. A supervisor should be appointed to supervise teams that do not have the right to work independently in electrical installations.
The observer answers:
for compliance of the prepared workplace with the instructions provided in the work order;
for the presence and safety of grounding systems, fences, posters and safety signs installed at the workplace, and drive locking devices;
for the safety of team members in relation to electric shock from the electrical installation.
An employee with group III can be appointed as an observer.
Responsible for safety related to work technology is the employee leading the team, who is part of it and must be constantly at the workplace. His last name is indicated in the “Separate instructions” line of the order.
2.1.9. Each team member must comply with the requirements of these Rules and instructions received upon admission to work and during work, as well as the requirements of labor protection instructions of the relevant organizations.
2.1.10. A written instruction from the head of the organization must formalize the granting of his employees the rights of: issuing an order, an order; permissive, responsible work manager; the work producer (observer), as well as the right of sole inspection.
2.1.11. One of the combinations of duties of those responsible for the safe conduct of work is allowed in accordance with Table. 2.1.
A person admitted from among the operational personnel can perform the duties of a team member.
On overhead lines of all voltage levels, it is allowed for the responsible manager or the work supervisor from among the repair personnel to combine the duties of a permitter in cases where to prepare the workplace it is only necessary to check the absence of voltage and install portable grounding connections at the work site without operating switching devices.
Table 2.1
|
Responsible worker |
Combined responsibilities |
|
Outstanding outfit |
Responsible work manager |
|
Responsible manager |
Producer of works |
|
Manufacturer of works from |
Permissive (in electrical installations |
|
Producer of works, |
Permitting (in cases where |
2.2.1. The order is issued in two copies, and when transmitted by telephone or radio - in triplicate. In the latter case, the issuing order issues one copy, and the employee receiving the text in the form of a telephone or radio message, fax or e-mail, fills out two copies of the order and, after checking back, indicates his surname and initials at the place of signature of the issuer of the order, confirming the correctness of the entry with his signature .
In cases where the work performer is appointed at the same time as admitting, the work order, regardless of the method of its transmission, is filled out in two copies, one of which remains with the issuing work order.
Depending on local conditions (location of the control center), one copy of the order may remain with the employee who authorizes the preparation of the workplace (dispatcher).
2.2.2. The number of orders issued to one responsible work manager is determined by the issuing order.
The permitter and the work supervisor (supervisor) may be issued several orders and orders at once for alternate admission and work on them.
2.2.3. A work order may be issued for a period of no more than 15 calendar days from the date of commencement of work. The work order can be extended once for a period of no more than 15 calendar days from the date of extension. During breaks in work, the work order remains valid.
2.2.4. The work order can be extended by the employee who issued the work order, or by another employee who has the right to issue a work order for work in an electrical installation.
Permission to extend the work order can be transmitted by telephone, radio or by hand to the permitting, responsible manager or work manager, who in this case, with his signature, indicates in the work order the surname and initials of the employee who extended the work order.
2.2.5. Work orders for which work is completely completed must be stored for 30 days, after which they can be destroyed. If accidents, incidents or mishaps occurred while performing work according to the orders, then these orders should be stored in the organization’s archives along with the investigation materials.
2.2.6. Accounting for work on orders is kept in the Logbook for recording work on orders and orders (Appendix No. 5 to these Rules).
Work one at a time at several workplaces, connections, substations
2.2.7. Work orders may be issued to one or more workplaces of one connection, except for the cases specified in paragraphs. 2.2.8, 2.2.9, 2.2.11, 2.2.12, 2.2.14 of these Rules.
2.2.8. In electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V, where the voltage is removed from all live parts, including the inputs of overhead lines and cable lines, and the entrance to adjacent electrical installations is locked (assemblies and panels up to 1000 V can remain energized), it is allowed to issue one work order for simultaneous work at all connections.
In electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V, with the voltage completely removed from all current-carrying parts, it is allowed to issue one work order to perform work on switchgear busbars, distribution boards, assemblies, as well as on all connections of these installations simultaneously.
2.2.9. When units (boilers, turbines, generators) and individual technological installations (ash removal systems, network heaters, crushing systems, etc.) are taken out for repair, one work order can be issued for work on all (or part) of the electric motors of these units (installations) and one work order for work in the switchgear on all (or part of) connections feeding the electric motors of these units (installations).
It is allowed to issue one work order only for work on electric motors of the same voltage and connections of the same switchgear.
2.2.10. When working one at a time on electric motors and their connections in a switchgear plant equipped with switchgear cabinets, registration of transfer from one workplace to another is not required; dispersal of team members across different workplaces is allowed. In switchgear of a different design, approval and work on electric motor connections must be carried out with registration of transfer from one workplace to another.
2.2.11. In a switchgear with a voltage of 3 - 110 kV with a single busbar system and any number of sections, when the entire section is taken out for repair, it is fully permitted to issue one work order for work on the busbars and on all (or part) of the connections of this section. Dispersal of team members across different work stations within this section is permitted.
2.2.12. One work order for simultaneous or alternate performance of work at different workplaces of one or several connections of one electrical installation may be issued in the following cases:
when laying and relaying power and control cables, testing electrical equipment, checking protection devices, measurements, blocking, electrical automation, telemechanics, communications, etc.;
when repairing switching devices of one connection, including when their drives are located in another room;
when repairing a separate cable in a tunnel, collector, well, trench, pit;
when repairing cables (no more than two), carried out in two pits or switchgear and a nearby pit, when the location of workplaces allows the work manager to supervise the team.
At the same time, the dispersal of team members across different workplaces is allowed. Registration of transfer from one workplace to another is not required in the work order.
2.2.13. When carrying out work in accordance with clauses 2.2.8, 2.2.9, 2.2.11, 2.2.12 of these Rules, all workplaces must be prepared before issuing a work order.
Preparations for switching on any of the connections, including testing of electric motors, are not allowed until work on the work is completed.
In the case of dispersal of team members to different workplaces, one or more of its members with group III are allowed to remain separately from the work performer.
Members of the team who are to be located separately from the work foreman must be brought to the workplace and instructed on the labor safety measures that must be observed when performing the work.
2.2.14. It is allowed to issue one work order for alternately carrying out the same type of work at several substations or several connections of one substation. Such work includes: wiping insulators; tightening contact connections, sampling and adding oil; switching branches of transformer windings; testing of relay protection devices, electrical automation, measuring instruments; high voltage test from an external source; checking insulators with a measuring rod; finding the location of the cable damage. This order is valid for 1 day.
Admission to each substation and each connection is issued in the appropriate column of the work order (Appendix No. 4 to these Rules).
Each of the substations is allowed to be put into operation only after complete completion of work on it according to the appropriate work order.
Work in switchgear in the areas of overhead lines, cable lines and SDTU
2.2.15. Work on overhead power lines located on the territory of the switchgear must be carried out according to orders issued by operational personnel servicing the overhead lines. When working on an end support, local operating personnel must instruct the crew to guide them to the end support. In electrical installations that do not have local operating personnel, the line crew supervisor is allowed to receive the key to the switchgear and independently go to the support.
When working on the portals of outdoor switchgears, indoor switchgear buildings, and the roofs of central control units, the admission of the line crew with the necessary registration in the work order must be carried out by an admitter from among the operational personnel servicing the switchgear.
The work manager with the line crew can leave the RU independently, and individual members of the crew can do so in the manner provided for in clause 2.8.3 of these Rules.
2.2.16. Work on the end couplings and terminations of cable lines located in the switchgear must be carried out according to orders issued by the personnel servicing the switchgear. If the switchgear and cable lines belong to different organizations, then these works are carried out in accordance with the requirements set out in section 12 of these Rules.
In all cases, permission to work on cable lines is provided by personnel servicing the reactor plant.
Work on cable lines passing through the territory and in the cable structures of the switchgear must be carried out according to orders issued by the personnel servicing the cable lines. Admission is carried out by personnel servicing the cable line after receiving permission from the operational personnel servicing the switchgear.
2.2.17. Work on communication devices located in the reactor plant is carried out according to orders issued by SDTU personnel. It is allowed to issue such orders by personnel servicing the reactor plant. Exceptions include work on coupling capacitors and high-frequency suppressors, which should be carried out only according to work orders issued by the personnel servicing the reactor plant.
Preparation of workplaces and permission to work in SDTU devices located in the reactor plant are carried out by personnel servicing the reactor plant.
Alongside work on multi-circuit overhead lines, overhead line intersections, different sections of overhead lines
2.2.18. A separate order is issued for each overhead line, and for multi-circuit overhead lines, for each circuit. It is allowed to issue one work order for several overhead lines (circuits) in the following cases:
during work when the voltage is removed from all circuits, or when working under voltage, when the voltage is not removed from any circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line;
when working on overhead lines at their intersections;
when working on overhead lines with voltages up to 1000 V, performed one by one, if the transformer points or complete transformer points from which they are powered are disconnected;
during similar work on non-current-carrying parts of several overhead lines that do not require their shutdown.
2.2.19. The work order must indicate whether the overhead line being repaired is under induced voltage, which overhead lines crossing the line being repaired must be disconnected and grounded (with grounding installed in accordance with Section 3.6 of these Rules). The same instruction must be included in the work order regarding overhead lines passing near the one being repaired, if their disconnection is required by operating conditions. In this case, grounding of overhead lines crossing the one being repaired or passing nearby must be carried out before permission to work. It is prohibited to remove the ground connections from them until the work is completed.
If the overhead lines belong to other organizations, their disconnection must be confirmed by the responsible representative of the owner of the overhead line.
2.2.20. For phased repairs, a work order can be issued for work only on the area of one transposition step.
On disconnected overhead lines, it is allowed to disperse the crew over an area of no more than 2 km, with the exception of installation and dismantling of wires (cables) within a longer anchor span. In this case, the length of the work area of one team may be determined by the issuing work order.
When working on live parts under voltage, the team must be on one support (in one intermediate span) or on two adjacent supports.
2.2.21. When working on the same work order in different areas, overhead line supports, the transfer of the team from one workplace to another in the work order (Appendix No. 4 to these Rules) is not formalized.
2.3.1. The order is of a one-time nature, its validity period is determined by the length of the executors’ working day. If it is necessary to continue work, if working conditions or the composition of the team changes, the order must be given again.
In case of breaks in work during the day, re-admission is carried out by the work manufacturer.
2.3.2. The order for work is given to the work contractor and the permitter. In electrical installations that do not have local operating personnel, in cases where access to the workplace is not required, the order can be given directly to the employee performing the work.
2.3.3. Work, the execution of which is provided for by order, may, at the discretion of the employee issuing the order, be carried out according to the order.
2.3.4. An order may be issued for work in turn on several electrical installations (connections).
2.3.5. Admission to work under orders must be documented in the Logbook for work under orders and orders (Appendix No. 5 to these Rules).
2.3.6. By order of operational and operational repair personnel or under their supervision, repair personnel in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V may carry out emergency work lasting no more than 1 hour, excluding time for preparing the workplace.
Urgent work that requires more than 1 hour or the participation of more than three workers, including a supervisory worker, must be carried out separately.
2.3.7. A senior employee from among the operational personnel performing work or supervising those working in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V must have group IV, and in electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V - group III. Team members working in electrical installations with voltages up to and above 1000 V must have group III.
Before work, all technical measures to prepare the workplace, as determined by the person issuing the order, must be completed.
2.3.8. In electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V, it is permissible to carry out the following work by order: on an electric motor from which the cable is disconnected and its ends are short-circuited and grounded; on a generator, from the terminals of which the buses and cables are disconnected; in switchgear on deflated switchgear trolleys, in which the curtains of the compartments are locked.
2.3.9. It is allowed to carry out work on control of electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V, except for work on switchgear busbars and on connections through which voltage can be supplied to busbars, on overhead lines using lifting mechanisms, including maintenance of the external lighting network under conditions provided for in clauses 1.4.15, 4.15.20, 4.15.77, 4.15.88 of these Rules.
2.3.10. In electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V, located in premises, except those that are particularly dangerous in terms of electric shock to people, an employee who has group III and the right to be a work performer can work alone.
2.3.11. When installing, repairing and operating secondary circuits, relay protection devices, electrical automation, telemechanics, communications, including work in drives and unit cabinets of switching devices, regardless of whether they are energized or not, the work contractor is allowed to turn off and turn on the above devices, and also test protection and electrical automation devices to turn off and turn on switches with the permission of the operating personnel.
2.3.12. In electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V, one employee with group III, by order, is allowed to carry out:
landscaping the outdoor switchgear area, mowing grass, clearing snow from roads and passages;
repair and maintenance of wired radio and telephone communication devices, lighting wiring and fittings located outside the switchgear chambers at a height of no more than 2.5 m;
renewal of inscriptions on equipment casings and fences outside the reactor chambers;
monitoring the drying of transformers, generators and other equipment taken out of service;
maintenance of oil purification and other auxiliary equipment for cleaning and drying oil;
work on electric motors and mechanical parts of fans and oil pumps of transformers, compressors;
other work provided for by these Rules.
2.3.13. By order, cleaning of closed switchgear corridors and electrical rooms with electrical equipment with voltage up to and above 1000 V, where live parts are fenced, can be carried out by an employee with group II. Cleaning in the outdoor switchgear can be performed by one employee with group III.
In rooms with separately installed distribution boards (points) with voltage up to 1000 V, cleaning can be performed by one worker with group I.
2.3.14. On overhead lines, by order, work can be carried out on non-current-carrying parts that do not require voltage relief, including: with a rise of up to 3 m, counting from the ground level to the worker’s feet; without disassembling the structural parts of the support; with digging out support posts to a depth of 0.5 m; for clearing the overhead line route, when it is not necessary to take measures to prevent felled trees from falling onto the wires, or when the cutting of branches and twigs is not associated with a dangerous approach of people, devices and mechanisms to the wires and with the possibility of branches and twigs falling on the wires.
2.3.15. On an overhead line, one employee with group II is allowed to perform the following work as ordered:
inspection of overhead lines during daylight hours under favorable weather conditions, including assessing the condition of the supports, checking for rotting of the wooden bases of the supports;
restoration of permanent markings on the support;
measuring dimensions with goniometric instruments;
fire-fighting cleaning of areas around supports;
painting bandages on supports.
2.4.1. Small-scale types of work performed during a work shift and permitted for production in the order of routine operation must be contained in a list of works previously developed and signed by the technical manager or the person responsible for electrical equipment, approved by the head of the organization. In this case, the following requirements must be met:
work in the order of current operation (list of works) applies only to electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V;
the work is carried out by operational or operational-repair personnel on the equipment assigned to this personnel, area.
Preparation of the workplace is carried out by the same employees who subsequently perform the necessary work.
2.4.2. Work in the order of routine operation, included in the list, is permanently permitted, for which no additional instructions, orders, or targeted instructions are required.
2.4.3. When drawing up a list of works in the order of current operation, one should take into account the safety conditions and the possibility of individual performance of specific works, the qualifications of personnel, the degree of importance of the electrical installation as a whole or its individual elements in the technological process.
2.4.4. The list must contain instructions defining the types of work permitted to be performed by the team.
2.4.5. The list must indicate the procedure for registering work performed in the order of current operation (notification of higher operational personnel about the place and nature of the work, its beginning and end, recording the work as an entry in the operational journal, etc.).
2.4.6. Work performed as part of routine operation in electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V may include:
work in electrical installations with one-way power supply;
disconnecting and connecting cables, electric motor wires, and other equipment;
repair of magnetic starters, switches, contactors, start buttons, and other similar starting and switching equipment, provided they are installed outside panels and assemblies;
repair of individual electrical receivers (electric motors, electric heaters, etc.);
repair of separately located magnetic stations and control units, maintenance of the brush apparatus of electrical machines;
removal and installation of electricity meters, other instruments and measuring instruments;
replacing fuses, repairing lighting wiring and fittings, replacing lamps and cleaning lamps located at a height of no more than 2.5 m;
other work performed on the territory of the organization, in office and residential premises, warehouses, workshops, etc.
The given list of works is not exhaustive and can be supplemented by the decision of the head of the organization. The list must indicate what work can be performed individually.
2.5. Brigade composition
2.5.1. The size of the team and its composition, taking into account the qualifications of the team members in electrical safety, should be determined based on the conditions of the work, as well as the possibility of ensuring supervision of the team members by the work manager (supervisor).
A member of a team led by a work foreman must have group III, with the exception of work on overhead lines (clause 4.15.23 of these Rules), which must be performed by a team member with group IV.
For each employee with group III, a team is allowed to include one employee with group II, but the total number of team members with group II should not exceed three.
2.5.2. Operational personnel on duty, with the permission of an employee from among the higher operational personnel, can be involved in work in the brigade with an entry in the operational log and registration in the work order.
2.6.1. Preparation of the workplace and admission of the team to work can be carried out only after receiving permission from the operating personnel or an authorized employee (the procedure for admission to work in TAI installations is given in Section 9 of these Rules).
2.6.2. The permit can be transferred to the personnel preparing the workplace and allowing the team to work in person, by telephone, radio, by messenger or through the operational personnel of the intermediate substation.
It is not permitted to issue such permits in advance.
2.6.3. Admission of the brigade is allowed only one outfit at a time.
2.7.1. It is not allowed to change the measures for preparing workplaces provided for in the work order.
If doubt arises about the sufficiency and correctness of the measures to prepare the workplace and the possibility of performing the work safely, this preparation must be stopped, and the planned work must be postponed until a new work order is issued, which provides for technical measures that eliminate the doubts about safety.
2.7.2. In cases where the work foreman combines the duties of a permitter, he must prepare the workplace with one of the team members who has group III.
2.7.3. Before being allowed to work, the person being allowed to work must ensure that technical measures to prepare the workplace are completed through personal inspection, according to entries in the operational log, according to the operational scheme and according to reports from operational, operational and repair personnel.
2.7.4. The responsible manager and the work supervisor (supervisor), before admitting him to work, must find out from the person allowing him what measures have been taken to prepare the workplace, and together with the person admitting him, check this preparation by personal inspection within the workplace.
In the absence of operational personnel, but with their permission, the responsible work manager, together with the work foreman, can independently check the preparation of the workplace
2.7.5. Admission to work according to work orders and instructions must be carried out directly at the workplace.
Permission to work by order in cases where preparation of the workplace is not necessary is not required at the workplace, and on overhead lines, overhead lines and cable lines is not required.
2.7.6. Admission to work is carried out after checking the preparation of the workplace. In this case, the person admitting must check the compliance of the brigade composition with the composition specified in the order or order, according to the personal identification cards of the brigade members; prove to the team that there is no voltage by showing the installed groundings or checking the absence of voltage if the groundings are not visible from the workplace, and in electrical installations with a voltage of 35 kV and below (where the design allows) - by subsequently touching the live parts with your hand.
2.7.7. The start of work according to an order or order must be preceded by targeted instruction, providing instructions for the safe performance of specific work in a sequential chain from the person who issued the order, who gave the order, to the team member (performer).
Without targeted instruction, permission to work is prohibited.
Targeted instruction during work on the job is carried out by:
issuing order - to the responsible work manager or, if a responsible manager is not appointed, to the work supervisor (supervisor);
admitting - to the responsible work manager, work foreman (supervisor) and team members;
responsible work manager - to the work foreman (supervisor) and team members;
the work foreman (supervisor) - to the team members.
Targeted instruction during work according to the order is carried out by:
giving the order - to the manufacturer (supervising) or the direct performer of the work, allowing;
allowing - to the work foreman (supervisor), team members (performers).
When a new team member is introduced into the team, the briefing, as a rule, should be carried out by the work supervisor (supervisor).
2.7.8. The issuing order, the person giving the order, the responsible work manager, the work foreman (supervisor), in their targeted briefings, in addition to electrical safety issues, must give clear instructions on the technology for safe work, the use of lifting machines and mechanisms, tools and devices.
The work manager (supervisor) in the targeted briefing is obliged to give comprehensive instructions to the team members to exclude the possibility of electric shock.
2.7.9. In the targeted briefing, the person permitting must familiarize the team members with the contents of the work order, instructions, indicate the boundaries of the workplace, the presence of induced voltage, show the equipment closest to the workplace and live parts of the repaired and adjacent connections, which are prohibited from approaching, regardless of whether they are energized or No.
2.7.10. When working alongside, the targeted briefing must be documented in the table “Registration of targeted briefing upon initial admission” with the signatures of the employees who conducted and received the briefing (Appendix No. 4 to these Rules).
2.7.11. When working according to an order, the targeted briefing must be formalized in the appropriate column of the Work Record Book for work orders and orders with a brief summary of the essence of the briefing and the signatures of the one who gave the order (carried out the briefing) and the one who accepted the order (work performer, executor, permitter), i.e. workers who received instructions (Appendix No. 5 to these Rules).
2.7.12. Permission to work is issued in both copies of the work order, one of which remains with the work producer (supervisor), and the second - with the employee who allows them from among the operational personnel.
When the work performer combines the responsibilities of the permitter, the permit is issued in one copy of the work order.
Admission to work according to an order is issued in the Logbook of work according to orders and orders (Appendix No. 5 to these Rules) with a record of admission to work in the operational journal.
2.8.1. After admission to work, supervision of the team’s compliance with safety requirements is assigned to the work manager (supervisor), who must organize his work in such a way as to monitor all members of the team, being, if possible, in the area of the workplace where the most dangerous work is performed.
The observer is not allowed to combine supervision with the performance of any work.
2.8.2. If it is necessary to temporarily leave the workplace, the work foreman (supervisor), if he cannot be replaced by a responsible work manager, a permitter or an employee who has the right to issue work orders, is obliged to remove the team from the place of work (by removing it from the control room and closing the entrance doors with a lock, with removing people from the overhead line support, etc.).
In cases of substitution, the work supervisor (supervisor) must transfer the work order to the employee who replaced him during his absence.
It is not allowed for one worker (supervisor) or members of a team without a worker (supervisor) to remain in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V. The following types of work may be exceptions:
adjustment of switches, disconnectors, the drives of which are located in another room;
installation, testing of secondary circuits, protection devices, electrical automation, alarms, measurements, communications, etc.;
laying power and control cables;
testing of electrical equipment with high voltage supply, when it is necessary to monitor the equipment being tested and warn about the danger of unauthorized persons approaching it.
The specified work is carried out on the basis and conditions provided for in clauses 2.2.12 and 2.2.13 of these Rules.
2.8.3. It is allowed, with the permission of the work supervisor (supervisor), to temporarily leave the workplace of one or more team members. At the same time, there is no need to remove them from the brigade. In electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V, the number of team members remaining at the workplace must be at least two, including the work supervisor (supervisor).
Team members with group III can independently leave the switchgear and return to the workplace, team members with group II can only be accompanied by a team member with group III, or an employee who has the right to individually inspect electrical installations. It is not allowed to leave the door unlocked after leaving the control room.
Returning team members can begin work only with the permission of the work manager (supervisor).
2.8.4. If violations of these Rules are detected or other circumstances threatening the safety of workers are identified, the team must be removed from the workplace and the work order must be taken away from the work manager (supervisor). Only after the detected violations have been eliminated can the team be allowed to work again in compliance with the requirements of the initial clearance.
2.8.5. The employee who issued the order or another employee who has the right to issue an order to perform work in an electrical installation is allowed to change the composition of the team. Instructions about changes in the composition of the team can be transmitted by telephone, radio or by hand to the permitting, responsible manager or work supervisor (supervisor), who writes down the surname and initials of the employee who gave the instruction for the change in the work order with his signature.
When changing the composition of the team, the requirements of clause 2.5.1 of these Rules must not be violated. The work foreman (supervisor) is obliged to instruct the workers included in the team.
2.8.6. If the responsible manager or work supervisor (supervisor) is replaced, the composition of the team changes by more than half, or the working conditions change, the work order must be reissued.
2.9.1. In switchgear with voltages above 1000 V, the transfer of the team to another workplace is carried out by the permitter. This translation can also be performed by the responsible manager or the work supervisor (supervisor), if the issuing order instructed them to do so, with an entry in the “Separate instructions” line of the order (Appendix No. 4 to these Rules).
2.9.2. Transfer to another workplace is documented in a work order. The transfer, carried out by an admitting member of the operational staff, is drawn up in two copies of the order.
2.9.3. In switchgear with voltage up to 1000 V, as well as on one overhead line, overhead line, cable line, transfer to another workplace is carried out by the work supervisor (supervisor) without registration in the work order.
2.9.4. When performing work without shutting down the equipment, registration in the work order is required only when transferring the team from one control center to another.
2.10.1. When there is a break in work during the working day (for lunch, according to working conditions), the team must be removed from the workplace, and the doors of the control room must be locked.
The work order remains with the work producer (supervisor). Team members do not have the right to return to the workplace after a break without a work supervisor (supervisor). Admission after such a break is carried out by the work foreman (supervisor) without registration in the work order.
2.10.2. When there is a break in work due to the end of the working day, the team must be removed from the workplace.
Safety posters, fences, flags, groundings are not removed.
The work performer (supervisor) must hand over the work order to the permitter, and in case of his absence, leave the work order in the designated place, for example, in the folder of existing work orders. In electrical installations that do not have local operational personnel, the work manager (supervisor) is allowed to keep the work crew at the end of the working day.
The completion of the work is signed by the work foreman (supervisor) in his copy of the work order.
2.10.3. Repeated admission to the prepared workplace in subsequent days is carried out by the person admitting him or with his permission by the responsible work manager. In this case, permission for admission from higher operational personnel is not required.
The work foreman (supervisor), with the permission of the permitter, may allow the team to work at the prepared workplace, if he is assigned to do so, with an entry in the “Separate instructions” line of the work order (Appendix No. 4 to these Rules).
When resuming work the next day, the work manager (supervisor) must ensure the integrity and safety of the abandoned posters, fences, flags, as well as the reliability of grounding and allow the team to work.
Permission to work, carried out by an admitting member of the operational staff, is issued in both copies of the work order; admission carried out by the responsible manager or work supervisor (supervisor) - in a copy of the work order kept by the work producer (supervisor).
2.11. Completion of work, handover - acceptance of the workplace.
Closing a work order, orders
2.11.1. After complete completion of the work, the work foreman (supervisor) must remove the team from the workplace, remove the temporary fences, portable safety posters, flags and grounding installed by the team, close the doors of the electrical installation with a lock and document the complete completion of the work with his signature. After checking the work sites, the responsible work manager must formalize the complete completion of the work in the work order.
2.11.2. The work performer (supervisor) must inform the operational personnel on duty or the employee who issued the work order about the complete completion of the work and his compliance with the requirements of clause 2.11.1 of these Rules.
2.11.3. After the work has been completed, the work supervisor (supervisor) must hand it over to the permitter, and if he is absent, leave it in a designated place, for example, in a folder of existing work orders. If handing over the work order after complete completion of the work is difficult, then with the permission of the permitter or an employee from among the operational personnel, the work performer (supervisor) can keep the work order. In this case, as well as when the work performer combines the duties of the permitter, he must, no later than the next day, hand over the work order to the operational personnel or the employee who issued the work order, and in remote areas - to the administrative and technical staff of the site.
2.11.4. After receiving the work order documenting the complete completion of the work, the permitter must inspect the workplaces and inform the employee from among the higher operational personnel about the complete completion of the work and the possibility of turning on the electrical installation.
2.11.5. The completion of work according to an order or order after inspecting the place of work must be recorded in the appropriate column of the Journal of work according to orders and orders (Appendix No. 5 to these Rules) and the operational journal.
2.12.1. An employee from among the operational personnel who has received permission (order) to turn on an electrical installation after the work has been completed must, before turning it on, make sure that the electrical installation is ready to turn on (check the cleanliness of the workplace, the absence of tools, etc.), remove temporary fences, portable safety posters and grounding installed during preparation of the workplace by operational personnel, restore permanent fences.
2.12.2. An authorized member of the operational and repair personnel may be given the right, after completing work on the electrical installation, to turn it on without obtaining additional permission or instructions.
Granting the right to such inclusion must be recorded in the “Separate instructions” line of the work order.
The right to such inclusion can be given only if other teams are not allowed to work on the electrical installation or its section.
2.12.3. In emergency cases, operating personnel or permitting personnel may start work on electrical equipment or electrical installations put out for repairs in the absence of the team until the work is completely completed, provided that before the work foreman arrives and the work order is returned to them, workers are stationed at the workplace and are required to notify the work foreman and all members of the team that the electrical installation is turned on and resumption of work is prohibited.
Organizational measures to ensure safe work in electrical installations are:
- a) registration of work with a work permit, order or list of work performed in the order of current operation;
b) permission to work;
c) supervision during work;
d) registration of breaks in work, transfers to another workplace, end of work.
Order, order, current operation
Work in electrical installations is carried out according to orders, orders, and in the order of routine operation.
Outfit- this is a task for the production of work, drawn up on a special form of the established form and defining the content, place of work, time of its beginning and end, conditions for safe performance, composition of the team and persons responsible for the safety of the work, etc.
Along with this, work can be carried out in electrical installations by:
- a) with stress relief;
b) without relieving voltage on live parts and near them.
Order- this is an assignment for the production of work, defining its content, place, time, safety measures (if required) and the persons entrusted with its implementation. The order can be transmitted directly or using means of communication with subsequent entry in the operational journal.
Current operation- this is the carrying out by operational (operational and repair) personnel independently in the area assigned to them during one shift of work according to the list
Persons responsible for work safety, their rights and responsibilities
Responsible for work safety are:
- a) the person issuing the order, giving the order;
b) admitting person - a responsible person from the operational staff;
c) responsible work manager
d) work performer;
d) observer;
f) team members.
Face, outstanding outfit, giving the order, establishes the need and scope of work, is responsible for the possibility of its safe execution, the adequacy of the qualifications of the responsible manager, the work performer or supervisor, as well as team members.
The right to issue orders and orders is granted to persons from the electrical technical personnel of the enterprise authorized to do so by order of the person responsible for the electrical equipment of the enterprise.
These persons must have an electrical safety group of at least V in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V and not below IV in installations with voltages up to 1000 V.
The right to give orders for the performance of a number of works, the list of which is determined by the person responsible for the electrical equipment of the enterprise, is also granted to persons from the operational staff with a group of at least IV.
Permissive- the responsible person from the operational staff is responsible for:
- a) for the correct implementation of the safety measures necessary for admission and performance of work, their sufficiency and compliance with the nature and place of work;
b) for correct admission to work, acceptance of the workplace upon completion of work with registration in orders or magazines.
The person admitting must have an electrical safety group of at least IV when working in electrical installations above 1000 V and not below III- in installations up to 1000 V
Responsible manager, accepting the workplace from the permitting person and making admission, is responsible, along with the permitting person, for the correct preparation of the workplace and the sufficiency of the safety measures taken necessary for the performance of work, including the sufficiency of the measures provided for in the work order column. Separate instructions
The responsible manager is prohibited from directly participating in the work on orders, except in cases where he combines the duties of the responsible manager and the work supervisor
Responsible managers are appointed persons from the electrical personnel who have an electrical safety group V
Producer of works, accepting the workplace from the person admitting it, is responsible for the correctness of its preparation and for the implementation of the safety measures necessary for the work.
The work manager is obliged to instruct the team about the safety measures that must be observed during work and to ensure their implementation by the team members.
The work performer complies with these Rules himself and is responsible for their compliance by team members, monitors the serviceability of tools, rigging and other repair equipment. The work performer is also obliged to ensure that the fences, posters, and groundings installed at the work site are not removed or rearranged.
The manufacturer of work performed on electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V must have an electrical safety group of at least IV, in installations up to 1000 V - group not lower III. The manufacturer of work performed by order in all electrical installations must have a group of at least III
Watching appointed to supervise teams of construction workers, general workers, riggers and other non-electrical personnel when they perform work in electrical installations according to orders or orders.
A supervisor of electrical personnel, including seconded ones, is appointed in the event of work being carried out in electrical installations under particularly hazardous conditions, determined by the person responsible for the electrical equipment of the enterprise where this work is carried out.
The supervisor controls the presence of grounding connections, fences, posters, and locking devices installed at the work site and is responsible for the safety of team members from electric shock from the electrical installation.
The supervisor is prohibited from combining supervision with the performance of any work and leaving the team unsupervised during work.
Persons with a group not lower than III.
Brigade members are required to comply with these Rules and instructions received upon admission to work and during work.
Page 6 of 18
Book 3, Section 3
ORGANIZATIONAL EVENTS PROVIDING
OPERATION SAFETY
Book 3, Section 3, Article 1 list of main activities
3.1.1. Work in electrical installations in relation to their organization is divided into: carried out according to a work permit (hereinafter referred to as a work order), carried out by order and in the order of routine operation.
3.1.2. Organizational measures to ensure the safety of work in electrical installations are:
approval of lists of work performed according to orders, orders and in the order of routine operation; appointment of persons responsible for the safe conduct of work; execution of work orders, orders or approval of the list of works performed in the order of current operations; preparation of jobs; permission to work; supervision during work; transfer to another workplace; registration of breaks in work and its termination.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 2
Workers responsible for work safety
3.2.1. Responsible for the safety of work performed in electrical installations are: the employee issuing the order or order; an employee who gives permission to prepare a workplace; employee preparing the workplace, access; an employee who is allowed to work (hereinafter referred to as allowing); performance Manager; an employee who monitors the safe performance of work (hereinafter referred to as the observer);
brigade members.
3.2.2. The employee issuing the order or order establishes the possibility of performing the work safely. He is responsible for the sufficiency and correctness of the safety measures specified in the work order, for the qualitative and quantitative composition of the team and the appointment of persons responsible for the safe conduct of work, as well as for compliance with the work performed by the electrical safety groups of the workers specified in the work order.
The employee issuing the work order is obliged, in the cases provided for by these Rules, to determine the content of the line of the work order “Individual
instructions." The form of the work permit and instructions for filling it out are given in Appendix 4. The right to issue orders and orders is granted to administrative and technical employees of the enterprise who have group V in electrical installations over 1000 V and group IV in electrical installations up to 1000 V.
3.2.3. Workers who draw up and approve the list of works performed in the course of routine operation establish the need, possibility and frequency of safe performance of work in relation to local conditions, as well as the quantitative and qualitative composition of performers for each type of work.
3.2.4. The employee issuing permission to prepare workplaces and for admission is responsible for the adequacy of the measures provided for the safe performance of work to disconnect and ground equipment and the possibility of their implementation, as well as for coordinating the time and place of work of the admitted teams.
Operative workers with group V in electrical installations over
1000 V and group IV in electrical installations up to 1000 V.
3.2.5. The employee preparing the workplace is responsible for the correct implementation of measures to prepare workplaces specified in the work order, as well as those required by working conditions (installation of locks, posters, fences). On-duty or operational-repair workers authorized for operational switching in a given electrical installation have the right to prepare workplaces.
3.2.6. The person admitting is responsible for the correctness and sufficiency of the safety measures taken and their compliance with the nature and place of work,
specified in the work order, for correct permission to work, as well as for the completeness and quality of the instructions given to them. Operational or operational-repair workers are appointed as admitters. In electrical installations above 1000 V, the permissible ones must have group IV, and in electrical installations up to 1000 V, group III.
3.2.7. The work manager is responsible for: implementation of safety measures provided for in the work order or order, and their sufficiency;
clarity and completeness of instructions to team members; availability, serviceability and correct use of necessary protective equipment, tools, equipment and devices; safety and constant presence at the workplace of grounding, fences, safety signs and posters, locking devices during the work shift; organization and safe performance of work in compliance with these Rules.
The work manager must exercise constant supervision over team members and remove from work team members who violate these Rules or are in a state of illness, alcohol or drug intoxication.
The work manager must have electrical safety group IV when performing work in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V and group III in electrical installations up to 1000 V.
3.2.8. An observer is appointed to supervise teams of construction workers, general workers, riggers and other non-electrical workers when they perform work in electrical installations according to orders or orders. a supervisor of electrical workers, including business travelers, is appointed in the event of work being carried out in electrical installations in particularly hazardous conditions, determined by the person responsible for the electrical equipment of the enterprise. the supervisor controls the presence of groundings, fences, posters, locking devices installed at the work site and is responsible for the safety of team members from electric shock. Supervisors are prohibited from combining supervision with the performance of any work and leaving the team unsupervised during work. electrical workers with a group are appointed observers
III.
3.2.9. Lists of employees who have the right to issue orders, orders, work managers who allow, listed in paragraph 3.2.1 of these Rules, a list of works performed according to orders, orders and in the order of routine operation, are determined by the person responsible for electrical equipment and approved by the management of the enterprise.
These lists and lists are subject to annual revision and re-approval.
3.2.10. It is allowed to combine the duties of responsible persons in accordance with Table 3.2. When combining duties, the person concerned must have an electrical safety group not lower than that required for the persons whose duties he combines.
Table 3.2
Combining the responsibilities of responsible persons
Responsible person¦ Combined responsibilities
Person issuing the outfit¦ Work manager who allows electrical installations without local workers on duty
Permissive¦ Person preparing the workplace, Work manager, Team member, Person preparing the workplace
Performance Manager¦ Allowing in electrical installations without local workers on duty
Book 3, Section 3, Article 3 procedure for issuing and issuing orders
3.3.1. The work order is issued in two copies, subject to the clarity and clarity of the entries in both copies. Filling out the work order with a pencil, correcting or crossing out the written text is not allowed.
3.3.2. The order is transferred to the operational worker or the person preparing the workplace in electrical installations without a local worker on duty before starting to prepare the workplace.
3.3.3. It is allowed to transfer the order by telephone by the person issuing the order to the senior shift worker of the electrical installation specified in the order or to the work manager. In this case, the order is filled out in three copies: one copy is filled out by the person issuing the order, and two copies are filled out by the person receiving it by phone.
3.3.4. The work order is issued to one work manager (supervisor) with one team. The work manager is given only one work order. For the same type of work performed without stress relief by one team, one general work order can be issued for their alternate execution at several connections, in the same or different switchgear, in different rooms of the substation. Registration of a transfer from one workplace to another is required only when moving from one RU to another, from one floor of the RU to another.
3.3.5. In electrical installations where the voltage is removed from all live parts, including the terminals of overhead lines and cable lines, and the entrance to adjacent electrical installations is locked (assemblies and panels up to 1000 V can remain energized), it is allowed to issue one work order for simultaneous work on all connections .
3.3.6. When expanding a workplace or changing the number of workplaces, a new work order must be issued.
3.3.7. If the work manager is replaced, or the composition of the team changes by more than half, the work order must be reissued.
3.3.8. Operational workers while on duty, with the permission of a superior operational officer, can be involved in the work of the repair team without being included in the work order with an entry in the operational log after targeted instruction and signature for it.
3.3.9. The work order is issued for a period of no more than 15 calendar days from the date of commencement of work. the assignment can be extended once for a period of no more than 15 calendar days from the date of extension. The work order can be extended by the person who issued the work order or another person who has the right to issue work orders for work in a given electrical installation.
3.3.10. The numbering system for work orders and the procedure for their registration and storage are established by written order of the person responsible for electrical equipment.
3.3.11. Work orders for which work is completely completed are stored for 30 days.
3.3.12. The form of the work log for work orders and orders is given in Appendix 5.
In each electrical facility of the enterprise, work according to orders and orders must be taken into account in the designated journal for recording work according to orders and orders according to the recommended in Appendix 5
form.
In the journal, in the appropriate columns, the initial admission to work according to orders and its complete completion, admission to work in accordance with the order and its completion are recorded (with the exception of work in accordance with orders performed by the operational workers themselves or under their supervision, a record of this is made only in the operational journal ). In addition, initial and daily permits to work on orders are documented in journal entries; In this case, only the work order number and workplace are indicated.
Responsibility for the maintenance and integrity of the log rests with the person responsible for the electrical equipment. The magazine must be numbered, laced and sealed. Its shelf life after the last recording is 6 months.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 4 composition of the team working alongside
3.4.1. The size of the team and its composition, taking into account the qualifications and electrical safety groups of workers, is determined by the person issuing the work order (instruction), based on the complexity of the work, the conditions of its implementation, as well as ensuring the possibility of full supervision of the safe performance of work by all members of the team from the work foreman (supervising ).
3.4.2. When working alongside a team, the team must consist of at least two workers, including the work manager.
The team may include one employee with group I for each member with group III, but the total number of team members with group I is allowed no more than two.
3.4.3. The issuer of the work order or another employee who has the right to issue a work order to perform work in a given electrical installation is allowed to change the composition of the team. Instructions about changes in the composition of the team can be transmitted by telephone to the work foreman or the permitter, who writes down the surname and initials of the employee who gave the instruction for the change in the work order with his signature. when changing the composition of the team, the requirements of paragraphs 3.4.1, 3.4.2 of these Rules must not be violated. The work manager is obliged to instruct workers newly added to the team on measures for the safe conduct of work.
3.4.4. Changes in the composition of the team are formalized by the person who issued the work order, and in his absence, by the person who has the right to issue the work order for work on this electrical installation.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 5 preparation of the workplace and permission to perform work
3.5.1. Preparation of workplaces and admission can only be carried out with the permission of operational workers, and in enterprises where there are no such workers, with the permission of the employee issuing the order or order in agreement with the person responsible for electrical equipment.
3.5.2. It is prohibited to change the measures for preparing workplaces provided for in the order (order). if doubt arises about the sufficiency and correctness of the measures to prepare the workplace and the possibility of performing the work safely, this preparation must be stopped.
3.5.3. Preparation of workplaces, as a rule, is carried out by two employees who have the right to make operational switches in a given electrical installation. It is allowed for the work manager to prepare the workplace with one of the team members if they have the rights to make operational switches in a given electrical installation. preparation of the workplace can be carried out by one employee, except
installation of portable grounding in electrical installations above 1000 V and switching operations carried out at two or more connections in electrical installations above 1000 V, which do not have operating devices for blocking disconnectors from incorrect actions.
3.5.4. The permitter, together with the work manager, must check the implementation of technical measures to prepare the workplace.
If the work manager combines the duties of an admitter, then he performs such a check with one of the team members who has group III.
3.5.5. Admission to work according to work orders and instructions must be carried out directly at the workplace.
3.5.6. Admission is carried out after checking the technical measures for preparing the workplace. in this case, the person admitting must: check the compliance of the team composition as specified in the order or order and the availability of knowledge test certificates for the team members; conduct a briefing: familiarize the team with the contents of the work order, instructions, indicate the boundaries of the workplace and approaches to it; show the equipment closest to the workplace and live parts of the repaired and adjacent connections, which are prohibited from approaching, regardless of whether they are energized or not; prove to the team that there is no voltage by showing the installed groundings and checking the absence of voltage, if the groundings are not visible from the workplace, and in electrical installations of 35 kV and below (where the design allows) by then touching the live parts with your hand, after checking the absence of voltage.
3.5.7. After briefing, the permitting team must be instructed by the work manager on the safe conduct of work, the use of tools, devices, mechanisms and lifting machines.
It is prohibited for the team to be allowed to work without instructions.
3.5.8. The briefing and admission are documented with the signatures of the person admitting and the work supervisor (supervisor) in Table 3 of the work order, indicating the date and time.
3.5.9. The permit is issued in both copies of the work order, one of which remains with the work manager (supervisor), and the second with the permitter.
When the work manager combines the duties of the permitter, the permit is issued in one copy of the work order. when working on orders, the time of admission is recorded in the work log for work orders and orders.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 6 supervision during work performance
3.6.1. From the moment the team is admitted to work, supervision over it in order to prevent violations of the requirements of these Rules is assigned to the work producer or supervisor. The work performer and the supervisor must remain at the place of work at all times, if possible at that
area where the most critical and most traumatic work is performed. The supervisor is prohibited from combining supervision with performing other work.
3.6.2. With the permission of the work manager, short-term absence of one or more team members is possible.
Team members with group III can leave the plant or return to the workplace on their own. Brigade members with group II and
I only accompanied by a member of a team with group III or a person authorized to solely inspect electrical installations. The number of team members remaining at the workplace must be at least two, including the work manager. Returning team members can begin work only with the permission of the work manager. during short-term absences of team members, there is no need to remove them from the outfit. Until the absentees return, the work manager (supervisor) is prohibited from leaving the workplace if the room where the electrical installation is located cannot be locked.
3.6.3. It is not permitted for one work manager or team members to remain in closed or open switchgears without a work manager, except for the following cases: if necessary due to work conditions (for example, adjusting switches or disconnectors, the drives of which are located in another room, checking, repair or installation secondary circuits, laying cables, testing equipment, checking protection, etc.) the simultaneous presence of one or more workers with a group
III from the brigade in different rooms, at different workplaces of the same unit.
Team members who are separate from the work supervisor must be brought to their workplace and given the necessary instructions for the safe performance of work; when carrying out work by one team at different connections
(checking the differential protection of buses, interlocking circuits of disconnectors with switches, checking and adjusting ATS devices, etc.). For such work, one work order can be issued for their simultaneous production at different connections or, depending on the nature of the work, an order with transfer from one connection to another with the transfer being processed in the general manner.
In switchgears from which the voltage has been removed, one worker from the team can remain at the workplace and continue working.
3.6.4. If absence is necessary, the work manager
(observer), if at this time he cannot be replaced by the employee who issued this order, or the operational worker, he is obliged to take the team out of the control room and lock the door behind him; arrange a break in the outfit. in case of a forced replacement or temporary absence of the work manager (supervisor), the work order is transferred to the person who replaced him.
3.6.5. The employee who issued the order and operational workers must periodically check that team members comply with safety rules. If violations of safety rules are detected or other circumstances that threaten the safety of workers are identified, the work manager’s work order is taken away, the team is removed from the work site, and the work order is closed. Once the detected violations and malfunctions have been eliminated, the team can again be allowed to work in accordance with the general procedure, with the clearance issued in the work order.
If a violation of safety rules was committed by one of the team members, then he should be removed from work.
3.6.6. Dispersal of team members across different workplaces is permitted in cases where the work order was issued for the simultaneous performance of work at different workplaces.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 7
Registration of work breaks
3.7.1. During breaks in work during the working day (for lunch, according to the conditions of work), the entire team is removed from the workplace. The doors of switchgear rooms and electrical installation fences are locked. the work order remains with the work manager (supervisor). Posters, fences, groundings remain in place,
Team members do not have the right to return to the workplace in the absence of the work manager (supervisor).
The brigade's permission to work after such a break is carried out by the work manager without registration in the work order.
3.7.2. During breaks in work, at the end of the working day, the entire team is removed from the workplace (switch switchgear, electrical installations, overhead lines). the doors of switchgear rooms and electrical installation fences are locked. posters, fences, grounding remain in place.
The end of work of each day is documented in table 4 of work orders
“Daily admission to work and its completion”, signed by the work manager (supervisor).
The work manager (supervisor) hands over the work order to the operational worker, and in his absence, leaves the work order in the folder of existing work orders. In electrical installations without local operational workers, the work manager (supervisor) is allowed to leave the work order at his place at the end of the working day.
3.7.3. Repeated admission to the prepared workplace in subsequent days is carried out by the person admitting him. In this case, permission for admission from the senior operational worker on the shift is not required.
The work manager (supervisor), with the permission of the person admitting him, can independently allow the team to work at the prepared workplace if he is instructed to do so by writing in the “Individual instructions” line of the work order. Before re-admitting the team to the workplace, the work manager (supervisor) must make sure that the necessary grounding connections, fences, posters, etc. are available. re-admission carried out by the duty or operational repair worker is issued in both copies of the work order; admission by the supervisor (supervisor) only in his own copy of the work order.
3.7.4. A trial switching on of electrical equipment to operating voltage before the work is completed can be carried out after the following conditions are met: the team must be removed from the workplace; the work order with a formal break is handed over to the admission officer on duty; temporary barriers, groundings and posters must be removed, and permanent barriers installed in place (these operations are usually performed by operational workers). Permission for temporary removal and subsequent installation of groundings is issued in the work order in the line “Separate instructions”; Permission for a trial switch-on has been obtained from the duty officer or administrative-technical employee who has the right to issue orders for the operational maintenance of this electrical installation. Preparation of the workplace and admission of the team to work after the trial start and the next day is carried out in the usual manner, as with the initial admission with registration of the admission in column 4 of the work order.
3.7.5. Until the work manager returns the work order with a mark of complete completion of the work, the operational worker does not have the right to turn on electrical equipment removed for repair or make changes to the scheme that affect the conditions of work.
In emergency cases, an operational worker can turn on electrical equipment in the absence of the brigade until the team returns, subject to the following conditions: temporary fences, groundings and posters must be removed; permanent barriers are in place, "Work Here" signs are to be replaced with "Stop! Voltage" signs; Before the work manager arrives and the work order is returned to him, people must be stationed at the work sites who are obliged to warn both the work manager and the team members that the electrical installation is turned on and the resumption of work is unacceptable.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 8 transfer of the team to a new workplace
3.8.1. In electrical installations above 1000 V, operated by local operational workers, the transfer of the team to another workplace is carried out by a permitter. this transfer can be carried out by the employee who issued the order, or the work manager, if there is an entry about this in the line of the order
"Separate instructions." transfer to another workplace is formalized by an entry in table 4 of the work order.
3.8.2. In electrical installations up to 1000 V at different workplaces of the same connection, as well as at different workplaces of the same overhead line, overhead line,
CL of any voltage is transferred to another workplace by the work manager without registration in the work order.
3.8.3. When working in electrical installations without removing the voltage on live parts, permission to move to another workplace is required only when transferring a team from an outdoor switchgear of one voltage to an outdoor switchgear of another voltage, or from one electrical switchgear room to another.
3.8.4. In all electrical installations, when working on orders, registration of transfer to another workplace is not required.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 9
Completion of work. Closing the job
3.9.1. After the work is completed, the workplace is put in order. The following is carried out sequentially: withdrawal of the team from the workplace; removal of temporary fences and posters; removal of groundings;
installation of permanent fences and posters in place, removal of fences and posters posted before the start of work; locking doors and rooms.
3.9.2. The work order can be closed only after inspecting the equipment and places of work, checking that there are no people, foreign objects and tools at the work places, and with proper cleanliness.
3.9.3. The closure of the work order is formalized by the work manager by making an entry in the work order and the work log for work orders and orders.
3.9.4. Control over the correct execution of work orders is carried out by the persons who issued the work order and by leading electrical workers, periodically through random checks.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 10
Registration of work performed by order and in the order of routine operation
3.10.1. All work carried out in electrical installations and not requiring the execution of a work order is carried out: by order of persons authorized to do so in accordance with paragraph 3.2.2 of these Rules, with preliminary registration in the work log for work orders and orders or in the operational journal; in the order of current operation.
3.10.2. The order to carry out work is of a one-time nature. Its validity period is determined by the length of the performers’ working day. If it is necessary to continue the work, if it changes
conditions or composition of the brigade, the order is given again.
3.10.3. The worker giving the order appoints a work manager (supervisor), team members, determines the possibility of carrying out the work safely and determines the organizational and technical measures necessary for this.
3.10.4. The order is recorded in the journal for recording work on orders and orders by the person issuing it, or by the operational worker, where it is indicated: who issued the order; content and place of work; security measures; work completion time;
last names, initials, electrical safety groups of the work manager (supervisor) and all team members. Changing the composition of the team working under orders during the work process is prohibited.
3.10.5. The order to work is given to the work manager and the permitter or the employee who gives permission to prepare the workplace and to permit admission.
In electrical installations without local workers on duty, in cases where permission to work is not required, the order can be given directly to the person performing the work.
3.10.6. Information about the completion of work performed according to the order is reported to the person who gave the order with a corresponding entry in the journal.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 11
Organizational measures to ensure the safety of work in electrical installations of power plants, substations and cable power lines
3.11.1. In addition, work is carried out in electrical installations of power plants, substations and on cable lines with voltages above 1000 V: with voltage relief; without relieving voltage on live parts and near them; without removing voltage away from live parts that are energized when installing temporary fences is required; with the use of mechanisms and lifting machines in the reactor plant.
3.11.2. By order, other work is carried out in electrical installations above 1000 V, lasting no more than one shift, including
including: work in switchgear and switching gear, on carts with equipment pumped out of
cells, provided that the doors or curtains of the cells are locked; work in drives and unit cabinets, switching devices, secondary switching devices, relay protection, automation, telemechanics and communications.
3.11.3. In addition, work is carried out in electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V on the busbars of switchgear distribution boards, assemblies, as well as on the connections of the listed devices through which voltage can be supplied to the busbars. By order, it is allowed to carry out work on dead-end connections.
3.11.4. One work order may be issued for simultaneous work on all connections when working in electrical installations of substations and on
CLs on which the voltage has been removed from all current-carrying parts, incl. from the terminals of overhead lines and cable lines, provided that the entrance to adjacent electrical installations is locked (assemblies and buses with voltages up to 1000 V can remain energized).
3.11.5. One work order is allowed to be issued for work on busbars and on all or part of the connections of switchgear sections up to 10 kV with a single system
tires and any number of sections when one of them is taken out for repair. Admission to all workplaces of a section can be made simultaneously; the team is allowed to disperse among different work places within this section.
It is prohibited to prepare for switching on or testing under voltage any connection of a section until work on the work is completed.
3.11.6. One work order for simultaneous or alternate work at different workplaces or several connections without registration of transfer from one workplace to another with the dispersal of the team among different workplaces may be issued in the following cases: when testing equipment, checking protection devices, interlocks, automation, etc. .P.; when repairing switching devices when their drives are located in another room; when repairing a separate cable in a tunnel, collector, well, trench, pit; when repairing a separate cable, carried out in two pits or in an electric distribution unit and a nearby pit, when the location of the work stations allows the work supervisor (supervisor) to supervise the team.
3.11.7. When carrying out work in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 3.12.5, 3.12.6 of these Rules, all workplaces must be prepared for the start of admission. If the team is dispersed among different workplaces, the presence of one or more
team members with group III, separately from the work manager.
The work manager must bring team members to the workplace, who will be located separately from him, and instruct them regarding the safe performance of work.
3.11.8. One work order may be issued for the sequential performance of the same type of work at several substations, at one or more connections of each substation.
Such work includes: wiping insulation, tightening clamps, taking samples and adding oil, switching transformer taps, checking relay protection devices, automation, measuring instruments, testing high voltage from an external source, checking insulators with a measuring rod, etc. This order is valid for 1 day.
Admission to each substation and each connection is issued in table 4 of the order. At substations where work is carried out in accordance with paragraph 3.12.3 of these Rules, approval can be made simultaneously to all connections, but none of them can be prepared for switching on until the work at this substation is completely completed.
Each of the substations is allowed to be turned on after complete completion of work on it according to this work order.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 12
Organizational measures to ensure the safety of work on overhead lines
3.12.1. In addition, work is carried out on overhead lines: with voltage relief (including work on installation and replacement of wires and cables in crossing spans, in the zone of induced voltage, on one disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line 35 kV and above); without relieving voltage on live parts and near them; without relieving the voltage away from live parts that are energized; with a rise above 3 m from ground level; with dismantling the structural parts of the support; with digging out support posts to a depth of more than 0.5 m; using lifting machines and mechanisms in the security zone; for clearing the overhead line route, when it is necessary to take measures to prevent felled trees from falling on the wires; for clearing the overhead line route, when the cutting of branches and branches is associated with unsafe approach of people to the wires or the possibility of branches and branches falling on the wires.
3.12.2. According to the order, it is allowed to perform the following work on
VL: inspection of the line in easily accessible terrain and in favorable weather; restoration of permanent markings on supports; with a rise of up to 3 m from ground level to human feet; without disassembling the structural parts of the support; with digging out support posts to a depth of less than 0.5 m; for clearing the overhead line route if there is no need to take measures to prevent trees or branches from falling on the wires; measuring dimensions with goniometric instruments; fire-fighting cleaning of areas around supports; painting bandages on supports; instrumental measurements to determine defective supports.
3.12.3. Work is carried out on each overhead line according to a separate order, and on a multi-circuit line, a separate order is issued for each circuit.
It is allowed to issue one order for several overhead lines and circuits in the following cases: during work when the voltage is removed from all multi-circuit circuits
overhead lines or when working under voltage, when the voltage is not removed from any multi-circuit overhead lines; when working on overhead lines at their intersections; when working on overhead lines up to 1000 V, performed one by one, if the transformer points from which they are powered are disconnected; during similar work on non-current-carrying parts of several overhead lines that do not require their shutdown; if it is necessary to repair the sectional disconnector of two different overhead lines with voltage relief.
3.12.4. The work order must indicate which overhead lines crossing the line being repaired must be disconnected and grounded. The same instruction must be included in the work order regarding overhead lines passing near the line being repaired, if their disconnection is required by operating conditions. in this case, grounding of overhead lines crossing the line being repaired or passing nearby must be performed before permission to work. It is prohibited to remove the grounding from them until the work is completed. during phased repairs, a work order can be issued for work only for
area of one transposition step.
3.12.5. On disconnected overhead lines, it is allowed to disperse the crew on
a section with a length of no more than 2 km, with the exception of installation and dismantling of wires (cables) within a longer anchor span. In this case, the length of the work area of one team is determined by the person issuing the work order. When working on live parts under voltage, the team must be on one support (in one intermediate span) or on two adjacent supports.
3.12.6. When working in one order at different sites, overhead line supports, the transfer of a team from one workplace to another is not documented in the work order.
3.12.7. During a break in work due to the end of the working day, the grounding connections installed at the overhead line workplaces are not removed. The next day, when work is resumed, admission is made after checking the integrity and reliability of the connection of the left grounding connections.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 13
Organization of safe execution of work along with overhead lines, cable lines, SDTU, outdoor switchgear and indoor switchgear of substations
3.13.1. In addition, work is being carried out on sections of overhead lines passing through the territory of the switchgear. The work order is issued by responsible employees servicing overhead lines. When working on an end support in electrical installations with local workers on duty, the person on duty must instruct the team and lead it to this support. In electrical installations without local workers on duty, the work manager of the line crew is allowed to receive the key to the switchgear and independently go to the support. when working on outdoor switchgear portals and indoor switchgear buildings, the admission of the line crew with the necessary registration in the work order must be carried out by the permitting officer from the duty or operational repair workers servicing the switchyard.
The work manager with the line crew can leave the RU independently, and other members of the crew can leave in the manner prescribed by these Rules.
3.13.2. In addition, work is carried out on the end couplings and terminations of cable lines located in the switchgear and on cable lines passing through the territory and in the cable channels of the switchgear. The work order is issued by the employee servicing the cable line.
Permission to work on end couplings and terminations is carried out by the employee servicing the switchgear.
Access to work on cable lines passing through the territory and in the cable channels of the switchgear is carried out by the employee servicing the cable lines. at the terminal seals in the switchgear, the work of workers servicing this cable line is allowed on the rights of seconded personnel according to orders issued by the employee servicing the switchgear.
3.13.3. In addition, work is performed on communication devices located in the switchgear. The outfit is issued by an SDTU employee.
Permission to work on communication devices is carried out by the employee servicing the switchgear.
It is allowed to perform work on communication devices by SDTU employees according to orders issued by the employee servicing the switchgear.
3.13.4. According to the work orders, work is carried out in the circuits of electrical measuring instruments and meters connected through instrument transformers without test blocks or special clamps that allow current circuits to be shunted and voltage circuits to be turned off.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 14
Organization of safe performance of individual works in electrical installations by order
3.14.1. By order, the following may be performed: work without removing voltage away from live parts under voltage, lasting no more than one shift;
emergency restoration work lasting up to 1 hour; work with voltage removal from electrical installations with voltage up to
1000 V for no more than one shift.
3.14.2. Organizational measures to ensure the safety of work performed by order in electrical installations must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 3.1.2 of these Rules.
Work that is permitted to be performed by order may be
at the discretion of the person issuing the order (instruction), to be carried out according to the order.
3.14.3. By order, during one shift, without removing voltage, the following work can be performed far from live parts:
1) cleaning of corridors and service rooms of the control switchgear up to the permanent fencing, control panel rooms, including cleaning behind the panels of relay, measuring and other equipment, etc. (can be performed by an employee with group II);
2) cleaning and landscaping of the outdoor switchgear territory, mowing grass, clearing roads and passages of snow, driving through the outdoor switchgear territory, transporting goods, unloading or loading them, etc.;
3) repair of lighting equipment and replacement of lamps located outside the chambers and cells (when removing voltage from the section of the lighting network where work is being carried out); repair of telephone equipment; maintenance of electric motor brushes and their replacement; maintenance of rings and collectors of electrical machines, renewal of inscriptions on equipment casings and fences, etc.;
4) repair of the construction part of overhead lines, cable lines, transformer substations, indoor switchgear; repair of foundations and portals, ceilings of cable channels, roads, fences, etc., indoor switchgear structures and buildings located on the territory of the outdoor switchgear (can be performed by non-electrical workers under the supervision of operational workers or a supervisor with group III);
5) supervision of the drying of transformers and other equipment temporarily removed from the circuit, maintenance of oil purification and other auxiliary equipment when cleaning and drying the oil of equipment removed from the circuit;
6) checking air drying filters and replacing sorbents in them.
3.14.4. The work specified in clause 3.14.3 of these Rules can be performed individually by an electrical worker with group III.
3.14.5. By order, in electrical installations up to 1000 V, work can be carried out on installation, testing, adjustment, removal for repair and installation of measuring instruments, meters, relay protection devices, automation, telemechanics and communications, work on switching device drives, on secondary circuits and in electric drive circuits schemes
automatic and remote control, produced: in rooms where there are no live parts with voltages above 1000 V; in rooms where live parts with voltages above 1000 V are located behind permanent solid or mesh fences, as well as in the instrument compartments of switchgear and package transformer substations; in control corridors of indoor switchgears, where unprotected live parts with voltages above 1000 V are located above the passage at a height of at least 2.75 m at voltages up to 35 kV inclusive and at a height of 3.5 m at voltages up to 110 kV inclusive; in relay protection cabinets of outdoor switchgear, in modular cabinets and switch drives located outside the mesh fence.
3.14.6. The work specified in paragraph 3.14.5 of these Rules must be performed by at least two repair workers or specialized service workers, one of whom must have group IV, the other III; single-handed operational worker with group IV.
3.14.7. According to the order, operational (operational and repair) workers or, under their supervision, other electrical workers are allowed to carry out unscheduled work for up to 1 hour: with the removal of voltage in electrical installations above 1000 V, carried out with the installation of grounding. Such work includes: disconnecting and connecting cables to the electric motor, replacing fuses, switching taps on a power transformer, tightening and cleaning individual contacts on buses and equipment, adding oil to oil-filled bushings and eliminating oil leaks from them, adding oil to individual devices. these works are carried out by at least two persons, including an observer with group III. upon admission to work, all technical measures necessary for such work must be completed; without removing voltage on live parts and near them, which do not require the installation of grounding. Such work includes: work on equipment casings, cleaning and minor repairs of casing fittings, wiping oil gauge glasses on transformer expanders and on non-energized switch tanks, connecting equipment for drying and cleaning oil, measuring with electrical clamps, changing fuses, checking contact heating using a rod, determining the location of tire vibration with a rod, phasing, a single operation to control insulators and connecting clamps using a rod, measurements when checking filters for connecting high-frequency channels installed on overhead lines with voltages above 1000 V, topping up and taking oil samples, if the design of the equipment and the availability of special devices allow perform this work safely, etc. These works are carried out by at least two persons, including an operational worker with group IV, who carries out continuous supervision of the workers; the second person may have group III.
3.14.8. For work performed by order during one shift with voltage relief in electrical installations with voltage up to 1000
B, include: repair of magnetic starters, start buttons, circuit breakers, switches, rheostats, contactors and similar starting and switching equipment, provided that it is installed outside
shields and assemblies; repair of separately located magnetic stations and control units; changing fuses; repair of lighting wiring; work performed in electrical installations with one-way power supply; repair of individual electrical receivers (electric motors, electric heaters, etc.).
The specified work must be performed by two workers from the repair staff, one of whom must have group III, the other group II. In some cases, with the knowledge of the employee giving the order, one repair worker with group III is allowed to perform these works.
3.14.9. The work manager (supervisor), from the moment of receiving permission to carry out work, according to the order, supervises the workers included in the team regarding their compliance with safety rules. upon completion of the work, the work manager must remove the team from the work site, check the workplace and inform the person who issued the order about this.
The completion of work is recorded in the work log according to orders and orders.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 15
Organization of safe performance of certain types of work in electrical installations in the order of routine operation
3.15.1. In the course of routine operation, the following can be carried out: work without removing the voltage away from live parts that are energized, specified in paragraph 3.14.3 (1,2,3) of these rules; work with voltage relief in electrical installations with voltages up to
1000 V specified in paragraph 3.14.8 of these Rules.
3.15.2. Maintenance of external and internal lighting installations,
as well as electrical receivers connected to group lines with protective devices for rated currents up to 20 A, on the territory of the enterprise, in office and residential premises, warehouses, workshops, etc. can be carried out by specially assigned employees in the order of routine operation with notification of the place, beginning and end of work to operational or administrative and technical workers.
3.15.3. Organizational measures to ensure the safety of work in the order of current operation are: determining the need and possibility of safely performing work in the order of current operation; compilation and approval of a list of works performed in the course of routine operation, defined in paragraphs 3.14.3 (1,2,3) and 3.14.8 of these Rules, and additional work in relation to local conditions with approval of the specified list by the manager; appointment of performers (executor) of work with the electrical safety group according to the nature of the work performed.
3.15.4. The types of work indicated in the list in accordance with paragraph 3.14.3 of these Rules are permanently permitted work, the execution of which does not require the execution of any additional orders.
Book 3, Section 3, Article 16
Switching on electrical installations after complete completion of work
3.16.1. The electrical installation can only be turned on after completion of work.
3.16.2. You can turn on an electrical installation only after receiving permission from an operational worker or an employee who has the right to issue orders for the operational maintenance of this electrical installation.
Permission to put an electrical installation into operation can be issued only after receiving messages from all permitting and work managers about the complete completion of work on this electrical installation.
3.16.3. Operational or operational-repair workers who are on shift and allowed to perform operational control and operational switching, having received permission to turn on the electrical installation after the work has been completed, must make sure that the permanent fences are restored before turning on.
3.16.4. A member of the operational and repair workers may be given the right to turn on the electrical installation after the work has been completed. Granting the right to such inclusion must be recorded in the “Separate instructions” line of the work order. The right to such inclusion can be given only if other teams are not allowed to work on a given electrical installation, overhead line, cable line or section thereof.
Question 95. What measures to ensure the safety of work in electrical installations are organizational?
Answer. The following activities are:
registration of work orders, instructions or lists of works performed in the order of current operation;
permission to work;
supervision during work;
registration of a break in work, transfer to another place, end of work.
Question 96. Who can be responsible for the safe conduct of work?
Answer. May be:
issuing order, giving orders, approving the list of works performed in the order of current operation; permissive; work producer; watching; brigade members.
Question 97. What determines and what is the responsibility of the issuing order issuing the order?
Answer. Determines the need and ability to perform work safely. Responsible for the sufficiency and correctness of the safety measures specified in the work order (order), for the qualitative and quantitative composition of the team and the appointment of those responsible for safety, as well as for compliance with the work performed by the groups of workers listed in the work order, conducting targeted briefings of the responsible work manager (work performer, supervisor) .
Question 98. Which employees are given the right to issue orders and instructions?
Answer. Provided to employees from among the administrative and technical personnel of the organization who have group V - in electrical installations above 1000 V and group IV - in electrical installations up to 1000 V. In the absence of such employees when working to prevent accidents or eliminate their consequences, it is allowed to issue orders and orders by employees from the number of operational personnel with group IV.
Question 99. For which jobs is a responsible manager appointed?
Answer. As a rule, it is prescribed for work in electrical installations above 1000 V. As a rule, it is not prescribed in electrical installations up to 1000 V.
Question 100. What is the responsible work manager responsible for?
Answer. Responsible for the implementation of all safety measures specified in the work order and their sufficiency, for the additional safety measures taken by him, necessary under the conditions of the work, for the completeness and quality of the targeted briefing of the team, including those carried out by the permitter and the manufacturer of the work, as well as for the organization of safe conduct works
Question 101. Who can be appointed as responsible work managers?
Answer. Employees from among the administrative and technical personnel who have group V in electrical installations above 1000 V and group IV in electrical installations up to 1000 V can be appointed.
Question 102. When performing what kind of work in one electrical installation (outdoor switchgear, indoor switchgear) is a responsible work manager appointed?
Answer. Assigned when performing work:
using mechanisms and lifting machines when working in electrical installations, and on overhead lines - when working in the security zone of overhead lines;
with disconnection of electrical equipment, with the exception of work where the voltage is removed from all live parts, in electrical installations with a simple and clear electrical connection diagram, on electric motors and their connections in the switchgear;
on cable lines and cable lines in areas where communications and heavy traffic are located;
for installation and dismantling of supports of all types, replacement of elements of overhead line supports;
at the intersection of overhead lines with other overhead lines and transport highways, in the spans of intersection of wires in outdoor switchgear;
on connecting a newly constructed overhead line;
on changing the connection diagrams of wires and cables of overhead lines;
on a disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line with circuits arranged one above the other or the number of circuits is more than 2, when one or all other circuits remain energized;
when two or more teams work simultaneously in a given electrical installation;
phase-by-phase repair of overhead lines;
under induced voltage;
without relieving voltage on live parts with insulation of a person from the ground;
on SDTU equipment and installations for the installation of mast transitions, testing of CLS, when working with NUP (NRP) equipment, on connection filters without turning on the grounding blade of the coupling capacitor.
Question 103. Who determines the need to appoint a responsible work manager?
Answer. Determined by the issuer of the order, who is allowed to appoint a responsible work manager for other work other than those listed in the answer to question 102.
Question 104. What is the admitter responsible for?
Answer. Responsible for the correctness and sufficiency of the safety measures taken and their compliance with the measures specified in the work order or order, the nature and place of work, for the correct admission to work, as well as for the completeness and quality of the targeted briefing carried out by him.
Question 105. Who should be designated as admitting?
Answer. Must be appointed from among the operational personnel, with the exception of access to overhead lines, subject to the conditions listed in the answer to question 113.
Question 106. What electrical safety group should an admitting person have?
Answer. Must have group IV in electrical installations above 1000 V, and in electrical installations up to 1000 V - group III.
Question 107. What is the work contractor responsible for?
Answer. Responsible for:
compliance of the prepared workplace with the instructions of the work order, additional safety measures required by the conditions of the work;
availability, serviceability and correct use of necessary protective equipment, tools, equipment and devices;
safety of fences, posters, grounding, locking devices in the workplace;
safe performance of work and compliance with these Rules by himself and team members;
exercising constant control over team members.
Question 108. What group should a work producer have?
Answer. Must have group IV in electrical installations above 1000 V during work performed along side lines, and in electrical installations up to 1000 V - group III, except for work in underground structures where the appearance of harmful gases is possible, work under voltage, work on re-stretching and replacing wires on overhead lines up to 1000 V, suspended on overhead line supports above 1000 V, for which the work operator must have group IV. The manufacturer of work performed by order may have group III when working in all electrical installations, except for the cases specified in the answers to questions 145, 149, 151, 257, 452.
Question 109. Why is an observer appointed?
Answer. Appointed to supervise teams that do not have the right to work independently in electrical installations.
Question 110. What is the observer responsible for?
Answer. Responsible for:
compliance of the prepared workplace with the instructions provided in the work order;
clarity and completeness of targeted instructions to team members;
the presence and safety of grounding systems, fences, posters and safety signs installed at the workplace, and drive locking devices;
safety of team members in relation to electric shock from electrical installations.
Question 111. What electrical safety group should a supervisor have?
Answer. Must have group III.
Question 112. What are the responsibilities of team members?
Answer. Must comply with the requirements of these Rules and instructions received upon admission to work and during work, as well as the requirements of labor protection instructions of the relevant organizations.
Question 113. What combination of duties of those responsible for the safe conduct of work is allowed by these Rules?
Answer. One of the combinations of responsibilities indicated in table is allowed. 2.1.
Table 2.1
A person admitted from among the operational personnel can perform the duties of a team member.
Question 114. In what cases is it permissible for the responsible manager or the work manufacturer from among the repair personnel on overhead lines of all voltage levels to combine the duties of a permitter?
Answer. Allowed in cases where to prepare the workplace it is only necessary to check the absence of voltage and install portable grounding connections at the work site without operating switching devices.
2.2. The procedure for organizing work along the way
Question 115. What is the procedure for issuing and filling out a work order?
Answer. The order is issued in two copies, and when transmitted by telephone or radio - in triplicate. In the latter case, the issuing order issues one copy, and the employee receiving the text in the form of a telephone or radio message, fax or e-mail, fills out two copies of the order and, after checking back, indicates his surname and initials at the place of signature of the issuer of the order, confirming the correctness of the entry with his signature .
In cases where the work performer is appointed at the same time as the permitter, the work order, regardless of the method of its transmission, is filled out in two copies, one of which remains with the issuing work order.
Question 116. Who determines the number of orders issued to one responsible work manager?
Answer. Determined by the issuer of the outfit.
Question 117. How many orders can be issued to the permitter and the work supervisor (supervisor)?
Answer. Several orders and orders may be issued at once for alternate admission and work on them.
Question 118. For how long can a work order be issued?
Answer. It is allowed to issue a work order for a period of no more than 15 calendar days from the date of commencement of work. The work order can be extended once for a period of no more than 15 calendar days from the date of extension. During breaks in work, the work order remains valid.
Question 119. Who is allowed to extend an outfit?
Answer. Maybe the employee who issued the work order, or another employee who has the right to issue a work order for work in this electrical installation.
Question 120. How can permission to extend a work order be transferred?
Answer. It can be transmitted by telephone, radio or by courier to the permitting, responsible manager or work manager, who in this case, with his signature, indicates in the work order the surname and initials of the employee who extended the work order.
Question 121. What are the rules for storing outfits?
Answer. Work orders for which work is completely completed must be stored for 30 days, after which they can be destroyed. If accidents, incidents or accidents occurred during the execution of work according to the orders, then these orders should be stored in the archive along with the investigation materials.
Work one at a time at several workplaces, connections, substationsQuestion 122. How many workplaces are work orders allowed to be issued for?
Answer. It is allowed to issue to one or more workplaces, except for the cases specified in the answers to questions 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 129, 132.
Question 123. For what number of connections is it allowed to issue a work order in electrical installations above 1000 V, where the voltage is removed from all live parts, including the inputs of overhead lines and cable lines, and the entrance to adjacent electrical installations is locked (assemblies and panels up to 1000 V can remain energized)?
Answer. It is allowed to issue one outfit for simultaneous work at all connections.
Question 124. For what kind of work is it allowed to issue one work order in electrical installations up to 1000 V?
Answer. It is allowed to issue one work order to perform work with complete removal of voltage from all live parts on the switchgear busbars, distribution boards, assemblies, as well as at all connections of these installations simultaneously.
Question 125. What is the procedure for issuing one work order when units (boilers, turbines, generators) and individual technological installations (ash removal systems, network heaters, crushing systems, etc.) are taken out for repair?
Answer. You can issue one work order for work on all (or part) of the electric motors of these units (installations) and one work order for work in the switchgear on all (or part) of the connections feeding the electric motors of these units (installations).
Question 126. Is it possible to issue one outfit for working on electric motors?
Answer. Can be issued only for operation on electric motors of the same voltage and connection of one switchgear.
Question 127. How is a transfer from one workplace to another processed when working on one job?
Answer. Registration of the transfer is not required when working one at a time on electric motors and their connections in a switchgear, equipped with switchgear cabinets; Dispersal of team members across different workplaces is permitted. In switchgear of a different design, approval and work on electric motor connections must be carried out with registration of transfer from one workplace to another.
Question 128. When performing what kind of work is it allowed to issue one work order for a 3-110 kV switchgear with a single busbar system and any number of sections?
Answer. It is allowed to issue one work order when the entire section is taken out for repair to work on busbars and on all (or part) of the connections of this section. Dispersal of team members across different work stations within this section is permitted.
Question 129. In what cases is it permissible to issue one work order for the simultaneous or alternate performance of work at different workplaces of one or several connections of one electrical installation?
Answer. It is allowed to issue one outfit in the following cases:
when laying and relaying power and control cables, testing electrical equipment, checking protection devices, electrical automation, telemechanics, communications, etc.;
when repairing switching devices of one connection, including when their drives are located in another room;
when repairing a separate cable in a tunnel, collector, well, trench, pit;
when repairing cables (no more than two), carried out in two pits or switchgear and a nearby pit, when the location of workplaces allows the work manager to supervise the team.
At the same time, the dispersal of team members across different workplaces is allowed. Registration of transfer from one workplace to another is not required in the work order.
Question 130. How should workplaces be prepared when carrying out work one at a time (according to the answers to questions 122, 123, 124, 125,126, 128, 129)?
Answer. All workplaces must be prepared before the team is admitted to the first workplace.
Question 131. Is it allowed for team members to stay separately from the work contractor in case of their dispersal?
Answer. It is allowed for one or more team members to stay separately from the work manager if they have group III.
Question 132. What kind of work includes the same type of work at several substations or several connections of one substation, for which it is allowed to issue one work order for their alternate implementation?
Answer. Such similar works include: wiping insulators; tightening of contact connections; sampling and adding oil; switching branches of transformer windings; testing of relay protection devices, electrical automation, measuring instruments; high voltage test from an external source; checking insulators with a measuring rod; finding the location of the cable damage. This order is valid for 1 day.
Work in switchgear in the areas of overhead lines, cable lines and SDTUQuestion 133. Who must carry out the clearance of the line crew when working on outdoor switchgear portals, indoor switchgear buildings, and KRUN roofs?
Answer. Must be performed by an admitting person from among the operational personnel servicing the reactor plant.
Question 134. How should work be carried out on cable end couplings and terminations located in the switchgear?
Answer. Must be carried out according to orders issued by personnel servicing the reactor plant. Permission to work on cable lines in these cases is carried out by personnel servicing the reactor plant.
Question 135. How should work be carried out on cable lines passing through the territory and in the cable structures of the switchgear?
Answer. Must be carried out according to orders issued by personnel servicing the cable line. Admission is carried out by personnel servicing the cable line after receiving permission from the operational personnel servicing the switchgear.
Question 136. How is work carried out on communication devices located in the switchgear?
Answer. They are carried out according to orders issued by SDTU personnel. It is allowed to issue such orders by personnel servicing the reactor plant. Exceptions include work on coupling capacitors and high-frequency suppressors, which should be carried out only according to work orders issued by the personnel servicing the reactor plant.
Preparation of workplaces and permission to work in SDTU devices located in the reactor plant are carried out by personnel servicing the reactor plant.
Alongside work on multi-circuit overhead lines, overhead line intersections, different sections of overhead linesQuestion 137. For what kind of work is it possible to issue one work order for several overhead lines (circuits)?
Answer. Allowed for work:
when the voltage is removed from all circuits, or when working under voltage, when the voltage is not removed from any circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line;
on overhead lines at their intersections;
on overhead lines up to 1000 V, carried out alternately, if the transformer points or complete transformer points from which they are powered are disconnected;
during similar work on non-current-carrying parts of several overhead lines that do not require their shutdown.
Question 138. What special marks are indicated in the work order when working on overhead lines?
Answer. It must be indicated whether the overhead line being repaired is under induced voltage, which overhead lines crossing the line being repaired need to be disconnected and grounded. The same instruction must be included in the work order regarding overhead lines passing near the line being repaired, if their disconnection is required by operating conditions. In this case, grounding of overhead lines crossing the one being repaired or passing nearby must be performed before permission to work. It is not allowed to remove the grounding connections from them until the work is completed.
Question 139. How can a work order be issued for phased repairs of overhead lines?
Answer. Can be issued for work only on the site of one transposition step.
Question 140. Is it possible to disperse the crew on disconnected overhead lines?
Answer. Dispersal is allowed over an area of no more than 2 km in length, with the exception of installation and dismantling of wires (cables) within a longer anchor span. In this case, the length of the work area of one team may be determined by the issuing work order.
Question 141. Where should the team be located when working on live parts?
Answer. Must be on one support (in one intermediate span) or on two adjacent supports.
2.3. Organization of work by order
Question 142. How is the validity period of an order determined?
Answer. It is determined by the duration of the performers’ working day, since the order is of a one-time nature. If it is necessary to continue work, if working conditions or the composition of the team changes, the order must be given again.
Question 143. Who can be given a work order?
Answer. Can be given to the producer of the work and the person admitting it. In electrical installations that do not have local operational
personnel, in cases where access to the workplace is not required, the order can be given directly to the employee performing the work.
Question 144. What work can be carried out by order in electrical installations above 1000 V?
Answer. Emergency work lasting no more than 1 hour can be carried out by operational and operational-repair personnel or under their supervision, excluding time for preparing the workplace.
Question 145. Which electrical safety group is necessary to have when carrying out emergency work?
Answer. You must have:
to the work performer (supervisor) from among the operational personnel performing work or supervising those working in electrical installations above 1000 V - group IV;
for the same workers, but in electrical installations up to 1000 V - group III;
team members working in electrical installations up to and above 1000 V - group III.
Question 146. What work is allowed to be performed by order in electrical installations above 1000 V?
Answer. The following work is allowed:
on an electric motor from which the cable is disconnected and its ends are short-circuited and grounded;
on a generator, from the terminals of which the buses and cables are disconnected;
in switchgear on deflated switchgear trolleys, in which the curtains of the compartments are locked;
work on non-current-carrying parts that does not require voltage relief and installation of temporary barriers.
Question 147. What work is allowed to be performed by order in electrical installations up to 1000 V?
Answer. It is allowed to carry out work, except for work on switchgear busbars and on connections through which voltage can be supplied to busbars, on overhead lines using lifting machines and mechanisms, including maintenance of the outdoor lighting network under the conditions provided for in the answers to questions 93 , 374, 424, 433.
Question 148. What work according to the order is allowed to be carried out in electrical installations above 1000 V by one worker, provided that he has group III?
Answer. The following work is allowed:
landscaping the outdoor switchgear area, mowing grass, clearing snow from roads and passages;
repair and maintenance of wired radio and telephone communication devices, lighting wiring and fittings located outside the switchgear chambers at a height of no more than 2.5 m;
renewal of inscriptions on equipment casings and on fences outside the reactor chambers;
monitoring the drying of transformers, generators and other equipment taken out of service;
maintenance of oil purification and other auxiliary equipment for cleaning and drying oil;
work on electric motors and mechanical parts of fans and oil pumps of transformers, compressors;
other work provided for by these Rules.
Question 149. Who can single-handedly carry out cleaning of closed switchgear corridors and electrical rooms with electrical equipment up to and above 1000 V, where live parts are fenced?
Answer. Can be performed by an employee with group II. Cleaning in the outdoor switchgear can be performed by one employee with group III.
In rooms with separately installed distribution boards (points) up to 1000 V, cleaning can be performed by one worker with group I.
Question 150. What kind of work can be performed on overhead lines according to the order?
Answer. Work can be performed on non-current-carrying parts that do not require voltage relief, including:
with a rise of up to 3 m, counting from ground level to the worker’s feet;
without disassembling the structural parts of the support;
with digging out support posts to a depth of 0.5 m;
for clearing the overhead line route, when it is not necessary to take measures to prevent felled trees from falling onto the wires, or when the cutting of branches and twigs is not associated with a dangerous approach of people, devices and mechanisms to the wires and with the possibility of branches and twigs falling on the wires.
Question 151. What work, according to the order, is allowed on overhead lines for one employee with group II?
Answer. The following work is allowed:
inspection of overhead lines during daylight hours under favorable weather conditions, including assessing the condition of the supports, checking for rotting of the wooden bases of the supports;
restoration of permanent markings on the support;
measuring dimensions with goniometric instruments; fire-fighting cleaning of areas around supports;
painting bandages on supports.
2.4. Organization of work performed in the order of routine operation according to the list
Question 152. What is the procedure for developing and content of the list of works performed in the order of current operation?
Answer. A list of works developed in advance and signed by the technical manager or the person responsible for electrical equipment, which is approved by the head of the organization, should contain small-scale types of work performed during the work shift and permitted for production in the order of current operation.
Question 153. What requirements must be met when developing a list of works in the order of current operation?
Answer. The following requirements must be met:
work in the order of current operation (list of works) applies only to electrical installations up to 1000 V;
the work is performed by operational or operational-repair personnel on the equipment or area assigned to these personnel.
Question 154. Are additional instructions, orders, or targeted instruction required for work included in the list of work performed as part of routine operation?
Answer. Not required, since such work is permanently permitted.
Question 155. What work is included in the work performed as part of routine operation?
Answer. The following works include:
work in electrical installations with one-way power supply; disconnecting and connecting cables, electric motor wires, and other equipment;
repair of magnetic starters, switches, contactors, start buttons, and other similar starting and switching equipment, provided that it is installed outside panels and assemblies;
repair of individual electrical receivers (electric motors, electric heaters, etc.);
repair of separately located magnetic stations and control units, maintenance of the brush apparatus of electrical machines;
removal and installation of electricity meters, other instruments and measuring instruments;
replacing fuses, repairing lighting wiring and fittings, replacing lamps and cleaning lamps located at a height of no more than 2.5 m;
other work performed on the territory of the organization, in office and residential premises, warehouses, workshops, etc.
2.5. Brigade composition
Question 156. What conditions should determine the size of the team and its composition, taking into account the qualifications of the team members in electrical safety?
Answer. Must be determined based on the conditions of the work, as well as the possibility of providing supervision over team members by the work manager (supervisor).
Question 157. What electrical safety groups should team members have?
Answer. Must have group III, with the exception of work on overhead lines, which must be performed by a team member with group IV. In this case, the team members must be supervised by the work manager.
For each employee with group III, a team is allowed to include one employee with group II, but the total number of team members with group II should not exceed three.
Question 158. Is it allowed to involve operational personnel on duty in the brigade?
Answer. It is allowed to involve, with the permission of an employee from among the higher operational personnel, with an entry in the operational journal and registration in the work order.
2.6. Issuance of permits for workplace preparation and permission to work
Question 159. To whom and in what way can permission to prepare a workplace and permission to work be transferred?
Answer. It can be transferred to the personnel preparing the workplace and allowing the team to work in person, by telephone, radio, by messenger or through the operational personnel of the intermediate substation. It is not permitted to issue such permits before the crew arrives on site.
Question 160. How is the brigade admitted?
Answer. Allowed only by one order or order.
2.7. Preparation of the workplace and initial admission of the team to work according to work orders and orders
Question 161. Who should prepare the workplace when the work manager combines the responsibilities of the permitter?
Answer. He must perform it with one of the team members who has group III.
Question 162. Before being allowed to work, how should an applicant ensure that technical measures to prepare the workplace have been completed?
Answer. Must be convinced through personal inspection, according to entries in the operational log, according to the operational scheme and according to reports from the operational, operational and repair personnel of the organizations involved.
Question 163. In what places should work permits be granted?
Answer. Admission according to orders and orders must be carried out directly at the workplace. Admission to work by order in cases where preparation of the workplace is not necessary is not required at the workplace, and on overhead lines, overhead lines and cable lines is not required.
Question 164. What is the procedure for admission?
Answer. Carried out after checking the preparation of the workplace. In this case, the person admitting must check the compliance of the brigade composition with the composition specified in the order or order, according to the personal identification cards of the brigade members; prove to the team that there is no voltage by showing the installed groundings or checking the absence of voltage if the groundings are not visible from the workplace, and in electrical installations of 35 kV and below (where the design allows) - by subsequently touching live parts with your hand.
Question 165. What needs to be done before starting work on a work order or order?
Answer. It is necessary to conduct targeted instruction, providing instructions for the safe performance of specific work in a sequential chain from the person who issued the order, who gave the order, to the team member (performer).
Without targeted instruction, permission to work is not permitted.
Question 166. Who and to whom receive targeted instruction when working on the job?
Answer. Targeted instruction is carried out:
issuing order - to the responsible work manager or, if a responsible manager is not appointed, to the work supervisor (supervisor);
allowing - to the responsible work manager, the work foreman (supervisor) and team members;
responsible work manager - the work foreman (supervisor) and team members;
the work foreman (supervisor) - to the team members.
Question 167. Who and to whom receive targeted instruction when working under orders?
Answer. Targeted instruction is carried out:
giving the order - to the work performer (supervisor) or directly to the performer of the work;
allowing - the work foreman (supervisor), team members (performers).
It is allowed to conduct targeted briefings by the person in charge of the task force, who gives orders over the phone.
Question 168. Who is obliged, as a rule, to provide instructions when a new team member is introduced into the team?
Answer. As a rule, the work producer (supervisor) is obliged to carry out the work.
Question 169. What is the work manager required to provide in the targeted briefing?
Answer. Must give comprehensive instructions to the brigade, excluding the possibility of electric shock.
Question 170. What should the permitting officer familiarize the team members with during the targeted briefing?
Answer. Must familiarize with the contents of the work order, instructions, indicate the boundaries of the workplace, the presence of induced voltage, show the equipment closest to the workplace and live parts of the repaired and adjacent connections, which are not allowed to be approached, regardless of whether they are energized or not.
Question 171. How is permission to work obtained?
Answer. It is drawn up in both copies of the work order, one of which remains with the work producer (supervisor), and the second with the employee who allows them. When the work performer combines the responsibilities of the permitter, the permit is issued in one copy of the work order.
Admission by order is recorded in the Work Log for work orders and orders with a record of permission to work in the operational journal.
2.8. Supervision during work, changes in team composition
Question 172. Who oversees the team's compliance with safety requirements?
Answer. This is carried out by the work foreman (responsible manager, supervisor), who must organize his work in such a way as to monitor all members of the team, being, if possible, in the area of the workplace where the most dangerous work is performed.
The observer is not allowed to combine supervision with the performance of any work.
Question 173. What measures should be taken if it is necessary to temporarily leave the workplace?
Answer. The work foreman (supervisor), if he cannot be replaced by a responsible work manager, permitting or an employee who has the right to issue work orders, is obliged to remove the team from the place of work (by removing it from the switchgear and closing the entrance doors, removing people from the overhead line support and etc.).
Question 174. What types of work may be an exception to the permission to remain in electrical installations above 1000 V for one work supervisor (supervisor) or team members without a work supervisor (supervisor)?
Answer. The following types of work may be:
adjustment of switches, disconnectors, the drives of which are located in another room;
installation, testing of secondary circuits, protection devices, electrical automation, alarms, measurements, communications, etc.;
laying power and control cables; testing of electrical equipment with high voltage supply, when it is necessary to monitor the equipment being tested and warn about the danger of unauthorized persons approaching it.
Question 175. Under what conditions and assumptions is it permissible for one or more team members to temporarily leave the workplace?
Answer. Allowed with the permission of the work manufacturer (supervisor). At the same time, there is no need to remove them from the brigade. In electrical installations above 1000 V, the number of team members remaining at the workplace must be at least two, including the work supervisor (observer).
Question 176. Which team members can independently leave the control room and return to the workplace, and which can only be accompanied?
Answer. Team members with group III can independently leave and return to the workplace; team members with group II - only accompanied by a team member with group III, or an employee who has the right to single-handedly inspect electrical installations. It is not allowed to leave the door unlocked after leaving the control room.
Question 177. Under what conditions can returning team members begin work?
Answer. They can begin work only with the permission of the work manager (supervisor).
Question 178. What requirements of the Rules must be observed when changing the composition of the team?
Answer. The employee who issued the order or another employee who has the right to issue an order to perform work in a given electrical installation is allowed to change the composition of the team. Instructions to change the composition of the team can be transmitted by telephone, radio or by hand to the permitting, responsible manager or work supervisor (supervisor), who writes down the surname and initials of the employee who gave the instruction for the change in the work order with his signature.
Question 179. Under what circumstances and conditions should the work order be reissued?
Answer. Must be re-issued if the responsible manager or work supervisor (supervisor) is replaced, the composition of the team changes by more than half, or the working conditions change.
2.9. Transfer to another workplace
Question 180. Who carries out the transfer of the team to another workplace in a switchgear above 1000 V?
Answer. Carried out by the admitter. This translation can also be performed by the responsible manager or the work supervisor (supervisor), if the issuing order has instructed them to do this, with a note in the order.
Question 181. Who carries out the transfer to another workplace in a switchgear up to 1000 V, as well as on one overhead line, overhead line, cable line?
Answer. Carried out by the work producer (supervising) without registration in the work order.
Question 182. In what cases, when performing work without shutting down the equipment, is a work order required?
Answer. Required only when transferring a brigade from one control center to another.
2.10. Registration of breaks in work and re-entry to work
Question 183. What measures are necessary during breaks during the working day (for lunch, according to working conditions)?
Answer. The crew must be removed from the workplace, and the doors of the control room must be locked. The work order remains with the work producer (supervisor). Team members do not have the right to return to the workplace after a break without a work supervisor (supervisor). Admission after such a break is carried out by the work foreman (supervisor) without registration in the work order.
Question 184. What is the procedure for registering the end of the working day during a break in work?
Answer. The team must be removed from the workplace. Safety posters, fences, flags, groundings are not removed.
The work performer (supervisor) must hand over the work order to the permitter, and in case of his absence, leave the work order in the designated place, for example, in the folder of existing work orders. In the absence of local operational personnel, the work manager (supervisor) is allowed to keep the work order at the end of the working day.
The completion of the work is signed by the work foreman (supervisor) in his copy of the work order.
Question 185. Who provides re-admission to the prepared workplace in subsequent days?
Answer. The work is carried out by the permitting or with his permission by the responsible supervisor of the work. In this case, permission for admission from higher operational personnel is not required.
Question 186. What is the work manager (supervisor) required to do when resuming work the next day?
Answer. Must ensure the integrity and safety of abandoned posters, fences, flags, as well as the reliability of grounding and allow the crew to work.
2.11. Completion of work, handover and acceptance of the workplace. Closing a work order, orders
Question 187. What is the procedure after the work is completed?
Answer. The manufacturer (supervisor) must remove the team from the workplace, remove the temporary fences, portable safety posters, flags and grounding installed by the team, close the doors of the electrical installation and document the complete completion of the work with his signature. After checking the work sites, the responsible work manager must formalize the complete completion of the work in the work order.
Question 188. To whom should the work foreman (supervisor) hand over the work order after the completion of the work?
Answer. Must be handed over to the admitter, and in his absence, left in the designated place. If handing over the work order after complete completion of the work is difficult, then with the permission of the permitter or an employee from among the operational personnel, the work performer (supervisor) can keep the work order. In this case, as well as when the work performer combines the duties of the permitter, he must, no later than the next day, hand over the work order to the operational personnel or the employee who issued the work order, and in remote areas - to the administrative and technical staff of the site.
2.12. Switching on electrical installations after complete completion of work
Question 189. What measures and by whom must be carried out before turning on the electrical installation?
Answer. Must be carried out by an employee from among the operating personnel who has received permission (order) to turn on the electrical installation after complete completion of work, who must ensure that it is ready to turn on (check the cleanliness of the workplace, the absence of tools, etc.), remove temporary fences, portable safety and grounding posters installed by operating personnel during preparation of the workplace; restore permanent fences.
Question 190. Who can be given the right to turn on an electrical installation after completion of work without obtaining additional permission or order?
Answer. The right may be granted to an admitting member of the operational and repair personnel. The right to such inclusion can be given only if other teams are not allowed to work on the electrical installation or its section.
