The first signs of gonorrhea in men and treatment with folk remedies. How to treat gonorrhea with folk remedies Why complete recovery from gonorrhea does not occur

Gonorrhea, or, in other words, gonorrhea, is an infectious pathology of an inflammatory nature that develops as a result of gonococcal bacteria entering the human body. The main route of transmission is sexual, which explains the occurrence of symptoms in the area of ​​the relevant organs: mucous and purulent discharge from the vagina and urethra, pain during urination, itching. Only a doctor can determine how to cure gonorrhea, based on the characteristics of the development of the pathology. Tablets, injections and topical treatments are often prescribed.

Tablets in the treatment of disease

Antibiotics are considered the main means of treating this disease. Thanks to such a wide range of medicines, you can choose the most suitable one for each sick person. In case of individual intolerance to one drug, the doctor selects another one with a similar effect on the body. So, what antibiotic can treat the disease?

Amoxicillin

The drug has an antimicrobial effect and is used immediately after diagnosing a bacterial infection of the body. The main contraindication to taking the medicine is considered to be individual intolerance to its components. Amoxicillin therapy is carried out by both the woman and her sexual partner.

If you exceed the dosage prescribed by your doctor, you can cause side symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Signs of overdose can only be eliminated by gastric lavage followed by the use of activated charcoal. Particular caution when using this drug is recommended for those people who suffer from kidney diseases. The medicine is not prescribed during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

For gonorrhea, a single dose of Amoxicillin in a volume of 3 g is required. If this is necessary for certain indications, a repeated dose is prescribed.

Co-trimoxazole

It is necessary to treat gonorrhea in women and men with this drug carefully, because side effects often occur. These include headache, bronchospasm, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, anemia, toxic nephropathy, polyuria, myalgia, etc. In some cases, an allergic reaction to the drug may occur, which is expressed in skin itching, exudative erythema, myocarditis , angioedema.

The drug for the treatment of gonorrhea is prescribed in a daily dosage of 1920 – 2880 mg, divided into 3 doses. If the infection involves the mucous membranes of the mouth, pharynx or larynx, the drug is taken once a day in a volume of 4320 mg for 5 days.

Azithromycin

Only a single dose of medication is needed to quickly cure chronic gonorrhea. It is immediately worth noting that if the mucous membrane of the pharynx and larynx is involved in the lesion, Azithromycin will not be as effective.

Contraindications to the use of the medicine are considered to be individual intolerance to the components of the drug, age under 14 years. Among the side symptoms, it is necessary to note nausea and vomiting, diarrhea and constipation, the development of nephritis, vaginal candidiasis, allergic skin reactions, as well as pain in the chest area. Exceeding the permissible dosage causes vomiting, nausea, and temporary impairment of hearing function.

The dosage of the drug for the treatment of gonorrhea is as follows: 2 g of medication once or 1 g twice. Azithromycin must be taken strictly 1 hour before meals.

Bassado

Gonorrhea in men and women can be treated with a medicine such as Bassado. Despite its high effectiveness, there are also contraindications for use: concomitant development of severe renal failure, leukopenia, individual intolerance to the drug components, pregnancy and lactation, children under 8 years of age. Among the side effects, it is worth highlighting increased sweating, benign hypertension, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea and constipation, the occurrence of fungal infections of the body, allergic manifestations (skin rashes, itching syndrome, etc.).

For gonorrhea, the drug is prescribed in the following dosage: 0.5 g, divided into 3 doses during the day, of which the first dose is 0.3 g, and the next two are 0.1 g each with a 6-hour break.

Cefixime

The drug is not prescribed to those persons who have individual intolerance to the components of the drug. Cefixime is also prohibited for children under 6 months of age. As such, no side symptoms are observed when taking the tablets. In rare cases, nausea, vomiting, weakness, and an allergic reaction to the skin (urticaria, etc.) may occur. If the dosage prescribed by the doctor is exceeded, a disruption in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, and kidneys occurs.

For gonorrhea, a single dose of 500 mg is prescribed. High effectiveness of the drug is observed with concomitant chlamydia and trichomoniasis.

Injections for gonorrhea are most effective in the early stages of its development

Injections as an alternative to pills

How to treat gonorrhea in men and women, besides pills? An alternative to this are injections. There are quite a lot of similar drugs in the form of injections. One of the frequently prescribed drugs is Zinacef, which requires a single injection into the area of ​​the gluteal muscle. The permissible dosage of the medicine is 1.5 g. In some cases, this volume is divided in half into 2 injections administered into both buttocks.

There are many analogues of the drug Zinacef, including:

• Gentamicin. The medicine is not prescribed in case of individual intolerance to the components, during pregnancy and breastfeeding, concomitant development of renal diseases, auditory neuritis. For the treatment of gonorrhea, a single dose of Gentamicin is prescribed at a dosage of 240-280 mg.
• Novosef. The drug is not prescribed for hypersensitivity to its components. Particular caution should be exercised by persons suffering from renal or liver failure, ulcerative colitis, enteritis, colitis, as well as during pregnancy and lactation. For the treatment of gonorrhea, Novosef is administered once intramuscularly at a dosage of 250 mg.
• Ceftriaxone. As a rule, such a drug is used for the development of complicated gonorrhea. Contraindications to taking it are: pregnancy and breastfeeding, individual intolerance to the components of the drug, dysfunction of organs such as the liver and kidneys, concomitant development of colitis or enteritis. The daily dosage of Ceftriaxone is 1000 mg for 2 weeks.

Injections of such drugs are in no way inferior to tablets and local remedies in their effectiveness.

Treatment with local remedies

It is necessary to treat gonorrhea comprehensively, using local agents that have a bactericidal and antiseptic effect. Local therapy includes the use of potassium permanganate in a ratio of 1:10,000 with water to wash the urethra, as well as chlorhexidine diluted 1:5,000.

Local remedies help slow the progression of pathology and prevent the spread of infection by contact

Other topical medications are rectal suppositories, which also help improve the general condition of the patient and eliminate systemic manifestations of the disease. These include the following:

• Paracetamol. Refers to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, blocking the inflammatory process, relieving fever and eliminating pain. For adults, the dosage of the medicine should not exceed 4 suppositories per day. When treating gonorrhea in children, the daily amount of medication taken is determined by the doctor depending on age.
• Papaverine. Helps relieve pain from complications of the underlying disease, that is, gonorrhea. For adults, the daily dosage of the drug should not exceed 120 mg per day.
• Viferon. The medicine has an immunostimulating effect. Daily dosage – 500,000 IU (International Units) 2 times a day for 5–10 days.

Before using any drug, it is recommended to consult with your doctor, who will determine how long it will take to take it. This is the only way to avoid the development of dangerous consequences.

Are folk remedies effective?

At home, you can use folk remedies to treat pathology, but only in combination with therapeutic treatment. The most effective of these are:

• Burdock. A decoction for treatment is prepared as follows: crushed plant root in a volume of 3 tablespoons is poured with water (3 cups) and boiled for 30 minutes. After cooling and filtering the product, it should be consumed one tablespoon every hour.
• Juniper, dandelion roots, birch leaves. The dried components in a volume of 3 tablespoons are poured with boiling water (1 glass) and left to infuse for half an hour. After straining, the product can be consumed 1 teaspoon 3 times a day before meals.
• Dill. Women can douche with a decoction of this plant at home. The medicine is prepared as follows: fresh dill in a volume of 6 sprigs is poured with boiling water (2 cups) and placed in a water bath for 10 minutes. After the decoction has cooled, it is filtered and used for its intended purpose. The procedure is recommended to be carried out in the evening and in the morning after hygiene procedures.

Any disease can be completely cured, but only if it is diagnosed in a timely manner.

If gonorrhea itself is considered a relatively harmless, albeit extremely unpleasant infection, then the complications and consequences of gonorrhea that advanced gonorrhea can cause can be very dangerous. Complications are often caused not by the acute, but by the chronic form, because with the chronic, subtle development of the gonococcal process, inflammation spreads to many organs and systems and covers the entire body.

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease that is transmitted sexually, less commonly through household contact. Without effective treatment, it can cause complications. The genitals and urethra are primarily affected. An advanced disease is very difficult to cure; as a result, the infection can remain in the body for life. Gonococcus is resistant to antibiotics and other drugs.

Classification of the disease

There are several types of disease depending on symptoms and duration:

• fresh gonorrhea;
• acute gonorrhea - characterized by profuse purulent discharge, severe pain in the abdomen and when urinating;
• subacute gonorrhea - strong painless discharge;
• chronic - without detection in the first stages, it develops into this form.

Gonococcus is located intracellularly and is usually round in shape. Cells die at high temperatures, in a dry environment, and when treated with antibiotics. The main route of infection is sexual. In the chronic form, it is possible to acquire another type of infection, which is immune to medications, and is rarely detected during diagnosis.

Affects the genitourinary tract, fallopian tubes and mucous membranes. Once in the body, they are fixed on epithelial cells. If it gets into the blood, it can affect the joints.

Symptoms of infection

The incubation period lasts from 1 to 30 days. Usually it appears the next day after infection.

When the disease is first detected, the incubation period can be extended with the help of antibiotics and the necessary medications.

In men, urethritis may occur, accompanied by a burning sensation and pus in the urethra. After a few days, the purulent discharge increases. Increased body temperature, weakness, bleeding, pain during erection. If treatment is not started immediately, a chronic form and complications are possible.

In women, the disease is less pronounced. Possible purulent urethritis, inflammation of the labia, itching of the genitals. After the inflammatory process, the chronic form begins, and the infection affects the entire genitourinary system. After the gonococcus enters the fallopian tubes, a severe inflammatory process develops, leading to infertility. Constant purulent discharge, pain, burning.

The disease can spread to children. Infection transmitted from a sick mother or through household contact is accompanied by pain and copious discharge.

Complication of gonorrhea

Possible consequences of gonorrhea in women:

• if internal organs are damaged, infertility is possible;
• ectopic pregnancy;
• chronic urethritis;
• increased risk of AIDS;
• constant pain in the pelvic area;
• pain during sexual intercourse;
• In pregnant women, the possibility of miscarriage increases;
• transmission of infection to a child is possible.

If the disease is not detected in the early stages in men, the following consequences are possible:

• chronic urethritis;
• prostatitis, impotence;
• risk of cancer;
• infertility;
• chronic acute pain;
• if gonorrhea affects other internal organs, heart, liver, and skin disease may occur.

Treatment of gonorrhea

Gonorrhea is a curable disease. Even with very severe complications, a cure can be achieved. The initial forms of the disease are cured more easily and without consequences for the patient.

Gonorrhea is a treatable disease. If an infection is detected in the early stages, you can get rid of the virus painlessly and quickly.

At the first symptoms, you should contact a venereologist who will examine and prescribe the necessary treatment. Self-medication in this case is very dangerous. The disease can develop into a chronic form and cannot be completely cured. Very often, when infected with gonorrhea, it is possible to acquire additional sexually transmitted diseases, so it is important to consult with a specialist.

During treatment it is necessary to follow a certain regime. It is required to avoid physical activity, sexual intercourse, and follow a prescribed diet.

The doctor prescribes a special course of antibiotic treatment depending on the severity and duration of the disease.

Main antibiotics: benzyl-penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, ampiox, carbenicillin disodium, unasin, tetracycline, doxycycline.

Azalides and macrolides: midecamycin, spiramycin, rondomycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, clindamycin, kanamycin.

Cephalosporins: cefazolin, ceftriaxone, cefatoxime, cefaclor, cephalexin.

Fluoroquinolone preparations: ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin (abactal), levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, gatifloxacin.

To determine whether you have gonorrhea, you need to be examined by a doctor and undergo tests. If there are the slightest symptoms of the disease, treatment should not be delayed; detection in the initial stages will allow you to quickly get rid of the clap.

The test is necessary if:

• after sex without a condom, irritation and itching of the genitals appeared;
• the partner was diagnosed with gonorrhea;
• disease with other sexually transmitted infections;
• pregnancy.

During the examination, a smear is taken from the cervix in women, and a urine test in men. The procedure takes a few minutes, but prevents the risk of gonorrhea.

The duration of treatment depends on the duration of the disease; if the infection is detected in the early stages, the course will be short and painless. In case of chronic disease, the use of antibiotics is necessary, as well as a course of restoration of damaged immunity.

Treatment requires vitamins and antiseptic drugs that prevent intestinal dysbiosis and liver damage.

The duration of treatment increases with complications caused by infection. For example, prostatitis, the treatment of which takes quite a long time. After completing the entire course of treatment, a re-examination is carried out several months later, and if the result is negative, the patient is removed from the register. It should be remembered that a cured disease tends to return and take on another, more stable form. In women, the infection spreads from the vagina to the uterus and other internal organs, affecting the joints.

Gonorrhea prevention

The main goal of prevention is to prevent infection and spread of the disease. To avoid infection during sexual intercourse, you must use a condom. The most reliable way is a healthy partner.

Contact with a person infected with gonorrhea is possible without acquiring the disease. For example, body massage, oral contact with the body, not including the genitals, masturbation itself, etc. When gonorrhea is detected, it is necessary to examine all sexual partners.

To avoid household contamination, it is best to avoid using public showers and other everyday items.

Actions that reduce the risk of gonorrhea:

• a common method for men is to go to the toilet after sexual intercourse without contraception;
• taking a shower after sex;
• use of special post-infectious agents.

With frequent changes of partners and casual relationships, it is necessary to use contraception, of which there are a huge number. If some signs appear after sexual intercourse, you should immediately consult a doctor for diagnosis and help. Self-medication in this case will only worsen the situation. To avoid re-infection, it is important to remember certain rules and be careful about your health.

How to cure gonorrhea at home

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the microorganism Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Gonorrhea is the most common sexually transmitted disease.

Gonococci affect the organs of the reproductive system and urinary system, and also affect the rectum, oral cavity and larynx. Gonococci are found in leukocytes and epithelial cells and, at a moment unfavorable for the body, they are activated and multiply, and form colonies of microorganisms, which contributes to inflammation of the infected organ and its destruction.

The main route of infection with gonorrhea is sexual contact. You can also become infected from oral and anal sexual contact. The incubation period of the disease is 3-5 days in the male body and 5 days in the female body.

Methods of infection with gonococcal infection

The methods of transmission of gonorrhea are:

• method of transmission during sexual relations, including oral and anal sex;
• spread of infection at the household level;
• from an infected pregnant mother to her child at the time of birth.

Factors that increase the risk of contracting gonococcal infection are:

• early sexual life;
• sexual contacts that are not protected by a condom;
• regular change of partners;
• promiscuous sex life;
• presence of gynecological diseases;
• long-term use of hormonal drugs;
• reduced immunity.

Signs of gonorrhea development

The first symptoms and signs of gonorrhea in the body are:

• unpleasant and painful sensations in the urethra;
• pain in the lower abdomen;
• purulent discharge from the urethra and vagina;
• burning during urination and itching;
• frequent urination;
• redness and swelling of the urethra;
• inflammation of the labia minora and labia majora;
• purulent particles appear in the urine.

Drug treatment of gonococcal infection

When the first signs and symptoms of gonococci appear in the human body, you need to consult a venereologist. The doctor will prescribe a treatment regimen, which, in addition to drug treatment, also includes treatment of symptoms at the local level, relieving the symptoms of the disease.

In order to get rid of gonorrhea, it is necessary to undergo a course of drug treatment with antibiotics to which this microorganism is sensitive:

Antibiotics that show positive results in the treatment of many infections of the urinary system and genital area, and have an excellent effect in curing gonorrhea:

A course of treatment with these antibiotics is carried out:

• Ampiox - course 5 - 7 days;
• Ampicillin - course 5 - 20 days, depending on the spread of the disease;
• Amoxicillin - no more than 5 days.

When treating gonorrhea, the following antibiotics can have an effect on the gonococcus microorganism:

The disease gonorrhea is very often combined with other sexually transmitted infections, such as chlamydia, ureaplasmosis. In this case, it is necessary to apply complex treatment of both infectious diseases.

Treating gonorrhea at home

Treating gonorrhea at home may only require knowing exactly which antibiotics to use and in what dosage. If gonorrhea is not properly treated, the disease can become chronic.

People who are embarrassed about their disease are interested in how to treat gonorrhea at home? If there is no other treatment option, then the antibacterial agent Trichopolum, which is taken 1 capsule three times a day, can help, and you also need to give Bicillin injections, 5 cc per day. The medicine Bicillin is diluted with Novocaine, which reduces the pain effect of the antibiotic.

Treatment of gonorrhea at home in men

How to cure gonorrhea at home in men? In order to start treatment at home, you must adhere to some rules:

• refuse sexual contacts;
• stop drinking alcohol;
• do not smoke during treatment;
• do not eat spicy and sour foods;
• refrain from physical activity;
• keep the body warm.

It is best to use these antibiotics in the treatment of gonorrhea:

• Metronidazole;
• Cefixime;
• Ciprofloxacin;
• Oflaxacin.

Also, in the treatment of gonococci in the male body, in combination with medications, it is necessary to use physiotherapy:

Along with these procedures and medications, you need to take immunity boosters, vitamins and probiotics to improve the condition of your intestines after a course of antibiotics.

A regular sexual partner should be examined for the presence of gonococcal infection and, if necessary, undergo a course of treatment.

Treatment of gonorrhea at home in women

Before treating gonorrhea at home, you must contact a gynecologist or venereologist and undergo the necessary tests. The recommendations of your doctor will help you cure gonorrhea with the least possible consequences for the female body.

Gonorrhea disease, treatment at home requires knowledge about the treatment method and dosage of medications.

It is best to use these antibacterial drugs in the treatment of gonorrhea in the female body:

• Metronidazole;
• Cefixime;
• Ciprofloxacin;
• Oflaxacin.

For local treatment of gonorrhea use:

• douching with antiseptic drugs;
• microenemas for gonorrhea in the anus;
• antiseptic and anti-inflammatory suppositories.

Women who have chronic gonorrhea should adhere to some recommendations:

• do not have sex without a condom;
• exclude the option of casual sexual contacts;
• urination before and after sex;
• treat the genitals with antiseptics Miramistin and Chlorhexidine.

Consequences of gonorrhea

Incorrect treatment can lead to the fact that the gonorrhea is not cured, but goes into a latent stage and waits for an opportunity to resume the reproduction of gonococci again.

The reasons why gonorrhea recurs and bacteria multiply rapidly:

• low immunity;
• very frequent treatment of the genitals with antiseptics;
• antibiotic treatment;
• not using intimate hygiene;
• using suppositories that contain antiseptics and antibiotics;
• use of intimate toys, including anal ones, in sex;
• oral sex during casual sexual contacts;
• sexual infections that exist in the body;
• many changing sexual partners.

If the disease recurs in both sexes, the temperature may rise.

The consequences of gonorrhea in the female body are:

• spread of the disease above the cervix;
• menstrual irregularities;
• endometritis of the uterus;
• pathology of the fallopian tubes;
• lesions of the ovaries and appendages;
• infertility.

The consequences of gonorrhea in the male body are:

• spread of disease in the prostate;
• erectile dysfunction;
• early ejaculation;
• chronic urethritis;
• sedentary spermatozoa;
• impotence;
• infertility.

Gonorrhea in women during pregnancy

Gonorrhea infection has no effect on the fetus itself, does not cause defects in the developing organism in the womb, and does not infect the child. But if this infection is in the body of a woman who is carrying a child, then in this case there may be complications during pregnancy, such as miscarriages and premature birth. Screening for gonorrhea is a mandatory examination before pregnancy and during pregnancy.

Is it possible to cure gonorrhea during pregnancy? If the examination makes a diagnosis during pregnancy, then treatment for gonorrhea begins from 20 to 22 weeks of pregnancy. Treatment earlier may cause more harm to the developing fetus than the infection itself.

If a woman gives birth to a child naturally, then when the child passes through the birth canal, he becomes infected with a disease that is in the mother’s body. As a consequence of infection with this disease, the child may develop conjunctivitis, which is caused by gonorrhea, so after birth, the child is given tetracycline ointment on the eyes.

The question of whether to treat gonorrhea or not should not arise during pregnancy. If the health of your unborn baby is important to you, then, of course, gonorrhea must be treated. The treatment regimen for pregnant women must be prescribed by the attending physician. If you adhere to the doctor’s strict instructions, then drug treatment will not have a detrimental effect on the unborn child.

Gonorrhea that is not cured in time threatens the female body with serious consequences, both in the sexual sphere and in pathologies of internal organs.

Prevention of gonococcal infection

Gonococcal infection is a disease that is easier to avoid than to cure after infection.

Preventative methods for gonorrhea are:

• regular sexual partner;
• using a condom during casual contacts;
• avoid oral and anal sex;
• timely examination after sexual intercourse unprotected with a condom;
• when planning a pregnancy, mandatory screening for sexually transmitted infections of both partners;
• abstain from sex while undergoing drug treatment for gonorrhea.

Is it possible to cure gonorrhea completely?

Gonorrhea is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections for which patients consult a venereologist. Patients often wonder whether it is possible to get rid of this disease completely. Of course, gonorrhea can be cured completely, but this will require certain conditions to be met. To recover from it, you must carefully follow all the recommendations of the venereologist and be sure to complete the full course of therapy. An untreated or undertreated infection poses a threat not only to the patient, but also to others.

Characteristics of the disease

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the gram-negative bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This disease is expressed in the inflammatory process of the mucous membranes of the genitourinary tract. It is widespread, but the spread of gonorrhea, like other sexually transmitted diseases, is largely due to the low social level of the population. This disease is also popularly called “gonorrhoea.”

Signs of complete recovery from the disease

The disappearance of the symptoms of the disease (itching, pain and pathological discharge) can mean both recovery and chronicity of the infection. Therefore, to exclude such a situation after completing a course of treatment, it is necessary to conduct research on the effectiveness of a course of antibiotic therapy:

• the study is carried out on the third day and 14 days after the completed course of treatment;
• method – bacterioscopy and bacterial culture;
• Before the study, a provocation is carried out (intramuscular administration of gonococcal vaccine, application of Lugol's solution + AgNO 3 to the mucous membranes). Provocation is needed to cause irritation of the mucous membranes and the release of gonococci from hidden foci, if any.

The survey results are interpreted as follows:

• no symptoms + negative test for gonococcus – complete cure;
• no symptoms + test for gonococcus is positive - antibiotic therapy was ineffective, another treatment is being selected;
• there are symptoms + the test is negative - the disease is not caused by gonococcus, they are testing for other pathogens.

Why is there no complete recovery from gonorrhea?

There are a number of reasons why gonorrhea remains untreated and becomes chronic:

1. the patient voluntarily quits treatment without completing the course (symptoms disappear, but the remaining number of gonococci can cause a relapse);
2. the patient becomes infected again (reinfected);
3. Other bacteria can also multiply in the body, the symptoms will be similar to gonorrhea, but different treatment will be required (this happens in the case of chlamydia and trichomonas);
4. complications of the disease (this happens in advanced cases of untreated gonorrhea, such complications can only be eliminated surgically):

• decreased vision due to corneal damage;
• decreased mobility of the knee joints due to arthrosis;
• chronic urinary retention due to urethral strictures.

Is immunity acquired after an infection?

During the disease, the body produces an immune response in the form of immunoglobulins. For some time after recovery, these proteins are found in the blood and in the mucous membranes of the genital tract. Immunoglobulins are also secreted with prostatic and cervical secretions and with sperm.

However, this does not mean that reinfection cannot occur.

Both during and after therapy, it is necessary to practice only protected sexual intercourse to avoid re-infection. The produced immunoglobulins are not enough to protect against the gonorrhea pathogen.

Is it possible for the disease to recur?

Even without a new episode of infection, the infection can return again. This phenomenon is called relapse of the disease. The reason lies in undertreatment. Gonococci that have not been killed by the course of antibiotic therapy, under favorable conditions, are activated and begin to rapidly multiply, causing the disease to develop again.

It is more difficult to cure the infection in case of relapse because the gonococci present in the body have already developed resistance to the antibiotics that were used for therapy last time. Therefore, we have to select a new medicine. To select a suitable drug, it is necessary to conduct a culture study of the pathogen with sensitivity determination.

If the previous time, at the end of therapy, a control was carried out that showed the absence of bacteria in the body, then the appearance of symptoms of the disease again indicates a new infection.

To avoid such a situation, it is mandatory to treat both partners at once. But new cases of infection can most likely be prevented only by barrier protection during sexual intercourse.

Thus, gonorrhea is completely curable, unless you stop the course of antibiotic therapy and do not neglect barrier contraception both during and after treatment. It should be remembered that prevention is always better than cure, therefore, as with other sexually transmitted diseases, be sure to use condoms during sexual intercourse.

How to treat gonorrhea and what causes the disease?

Gonorrhea - what is it?

Gonorrhea (grip) is a highly infectious disease caused by a bacterial infection. It is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases.

Gonorrhea is an infection that occurs more often in men than in women and mainly affects the age group of 15-35 years, therefore, especially among young women, this disease is the most dangerous because may affect fertility.

Causes of gonorrhea

The causative agent of the disease is the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, also known as gonococcus. This is a gram-negative bacterium that has very little resistance to the external environment (there is a very slight risk of infection when using public toilets, contaminated towels, washcloths, or kissing). Transmission of the bacterium occurs almost exclusively through close contact (which is sexual intercourse).

Gonorrhea is mainly a local disease and has a slight tendency to spread throughout the body. The disease is predominantly progressive in nature, acute inflammation with purulent discharge.

Affects the mucous membrane of the genitourinary (urogenital) system. In most men, the infection can spread from the urethra to the prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and epididymis. In women, the infection often spreads from the urethra to the cervix, from where it can enter the vagina, uterus, and fallopian tubes.

In both sexes, the disease can also affect the rectal mucosa as a result of anal sex.

When having oral sex with an infected person, there is a high risk of infection of the nasopharynx.

An infected mother during childbirth can also infect her newborn baby. The infection manifests itself in the form of damage to the newborn's eyes, inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea (keratoconjunctivitis).

Risk factors

First of all, risk factors are represented by promiscuity, unprotected sexual intercourse with an unknown random person, prostitution, and poverty.

Risk groups include mainly young people and drug users.

Gonorrhea prevention

The most important factor in the question of how to treat gonorrhea is effective prevention, which consists of abstinence. If this condition, for obvious reasons, cannot be satisfied, the basis of prevention is responsible sexual behavior. It involves limiting the number of sexual partners and avoiding sexual relationships with random people.

If you do not have a regular partner, you must use a condom during sexual intercourse. Its regular and correct use reduces the risk of infection.

When symptoms appear, you should seek medical attention for testing and possible initiation of therapy, treatment will help prevent complications. Once the diagnosis is made, the disease is treated immediately, and sexual intercourse must be avoided to prevent further spread of the infection.

Signs and symptoms of the disease

Gonorrhea in men

The disease manifests itself after contact with infection in 25% of men, usually within 2-6 days after infection.

The first symptoms include the following:

• pain and burning when urinating (dysuria),
• frequent urination during the day (pollakiuria),
• there is redness around the urethra,
• a characteristic manifestation is a white-yellow discharge (typical is the need to frequently change underwear).

Without treatment or ineffective therapy, the infection can spread and cause inflammation of the urinary tract, seminal vesicles, epididymis, and prostate gland. Prostatitis, in turn, is manifested by such phenomena as:

• elevated temperature,
• painful night ejaculation,
• pain in the abdomen during urination and bowel movements.

When the testicles become inflamed, red, painful swelling of the scrotum is observed. In approximately 10% of cases, there are no symptoms of infection (asymptomatic).

Gonorrhea in women

It develops in approximately half of cases of unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected partner. Most often it occurs as cervicitis along with inflammation of the urethra.

Manifested by a burning sensation when urinating (dysuria) with discharge. The cervix is ​​characterized by a red color and a purulent coating. Bleeding may occur between periods and after sexual intercourse. The infection sometimes also affects the glands on the labia and near the urethral opening. This can lead to the formation of a pus sac (abscess) with severe pain when walking or sitting.

About 50% of women infected with gonorrhea have no symptoms, and the disease may present with mild or atypical symptoms. However, even in this form the disease poses a danger of further spread.

In the case of an untreated infection, the disease has spread further and there is inflammation of the mucous membrane of the uterus (endometritis), pelvis, inflammation of the fallopian tubes (salpingitis), which is often accompanied by abdominal pain, fever, poor health (nausea) and vomiting with prolonged illness, as a symptom describes for vague abdominal pain that is too painful during intercourse (dyspareunia), except for.

Other forms of gonorrhea in both sexes

Rectal – manifested by pain in the anus during stool excretion (defecation), discharge from the anus.

Pharyngeal - in most cases, is asymptomatic; if signs are present, they manifest as a mild sore throat.

Conjunctivitis – manifests itself as redness and inflammation of the eyes and can lead to blindness.

Is it possible to quickly cure gonorrhea and how is the disease treated?

Gonorrhea is reportable and treatment is mandatory. Since the causative agent of the disease is a bacterium, treatment is carried out by taking antibiotic medications. The attending physician selects antibiotics to which specific bacteria are sensitive. Medicines are usually taken for 7 days.

With timely initiation of treatment, the likelihood of complete recovery is very high. However, prescribing treatment does not mean the end of the disease. The day after the end of therapy, and twice within 2 weeks, bacteriological checks are carried out. Only in case of negative results (including serological tests) the sick person is removed from the registry after 4 months.

How to treat gonorrhea at home and is it worth it?

When asking yourself the question of how to cure gonorrhea at home, think carefully. Modern medicine offers a wide range of drugs, the action of which is aimed at freeing the body from bacteria that cause the disease. The first choice drugs when deciding how to treat gonorrhea and how to quickly cure the disease are antibiotics, and you should consult a doctor to prescribe them. Remember: self-medication is rarely effective, especially in the case of a disease such as gonorrhea (as, indeed, other sexually transmitted diseases)!

Self-care for illness should focus on prevention and behavior aimed at preventing infection. It is not superfluous to remember that gonorrhea is a disease that does not produce immunity in the body. This means that a person can become infected several times, despite having already had the disease once.

Complications of gonorrhea

Complications are conditions that develop in the absence of treatment or in case of failure to follow the correct principles of treatment. That is, for example, failure to comply with the required duration of antibiotic use.

Complications include the spread of infection to other organs of the urinary tract (prostate, adnexa in men, uterus and fallopian tubes in women) or located outside the urogenital area.

The consequences, therefore, include not only a more severe course of the disease, but also a longer course of treatment, in addition, as a result of inflammation during the healing of the genital organs, scars occur, which can result in, for example, reduction and restriction up to obstruction of the genital organs with the potential risk of loss of fertility in both men and women.

In women, complications include, in addition to infertility, frequent miscarriages, premature birth and ectopic pregnancy.

And finally, complications include increased susceptibility to acquiring other serious sexually transmitted diseases, especially the HIV virus and syphilis.

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The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Consultation with a specialist is required!

Treatment of gonorrhea

Treatment gonorrhea should begin immediately after diagnosis and continue until complete cure, confirmed by clinical and laboratory methods. It is important to remember that if treatment is interrupted, relapse is possible ( re-development of the disease) or the transition of infection into a latent or chronic form, which is much more difficult to cure.

Does gonorrhea go away on its own?

Gonorrhea does not go away on its own. This is explained by the fact that the cells of the immune system cannot capture and destroy absolutely all gonococci that have entered the body, as a result of which the latter continue to actively multiply. Over time, the reactivity of the body's immune system to the infectious agent decreases. The gonococcal flora continues to remain in the mucous membranes of the genitourinary organs, but the immune system reacts to it less and less intensely. As a result, the disease becomes torpid, chronic or latent, which is fraught with the development of serious complications.

Which doctor treats gonorrhea?

The diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhea is carried out by a dermatovenerologist. It is he who should be contacted when the first signs of the disease appear ( pain or itching in the urethra, purulent discharge from it, and so on). At the first visit, the doctor carefully examines the patient and collects a detailed medical history, after which he prescribes additional laboratory tests.

To clarify the diagnosis, the doctor may ask the patient:

• When did the first symptoms of the disease appear?
• How many sexual partners has the patient had during the last 2 weeks?
• When did the patient last have sexual intercourse?
• Has the patient or their sexual partner had similar symptoms in the past?

It is extremely important to answer the doctor's questions honestly, since if a man has gonorrhea, there is a high probability that his sexual partner is also infected with gonococcus ( The incubation period for gonorrhea lasts several weeks or even months, during which the patient may already be infectious).

After making a diagnosis, the dermatovenerologist prescribes the necessary treatment, which in most cases is carried out at home. Hospitalization may be required if infectious complications develop, which usually occur in elderly or debilitated patients. Also, the doctor may insist on hospitalization if he doubts the possibility of adequate treatment at home ( for example, when the family of a sick child is in an unfavorable state, when the patient lives in unsanitary conditions, and so on).

Antibiotics for gonorrhea

Taking antibiotics is the main treatment measure for all forms of gonorrhea. In a fresh acute form of the disease, a full course of antibiotic therapy may be sufficient to completely cure the patient, while in a torpid or chronic form other therapeutic measures may be required.

Treatment of gonorrhea with antibiotics

Group of drugs	Representatives	Mechanism of therapeutic action	Directions for use and doses
Penicillins	Benzylpenicillin	This drug has been successfully used for many years to treat acute forms of gonorrhea. The mechanism of the therapeutic effect of penicillin antibiotics is that they suppress the process of synthesis of the cell wall of gonococci, as a result of which the latter die.	The drug is administered intramuscularly. The initial dose is 600 thousand Action Units ( ED), after which 300 thousand units are administered every 3–4 hours. Course dose for fresh acute and subacute ( uncomplicated) gonorrhea is 3.4 million units. In case of chronic gonorrhea, as well as with the development of complications from other organs and systems, the course dose can be increased to 4.2 - 6.8 million units. For eye damage, benzylpenicillin can be used in the form of eye drops ( 20 – 100 thousand units in 1 milliliter of saline solution). They should be used 6 - 8 times a day, instilling 1 - 2 drops into each eye.
	Bicillin-3	A long-acting drug containing three salts of benzylpenicillin.	For acute and subacute gonorrhea, the drug is administered deeply intramuscularly at a dose of 2.4 million units ( 1.2 million units in the outer upper quadrant of each buttock).
	Augmentin	Due to the widespread and often incorrect use of antibiotics, some varieties of gonococci have learned to produce a special substance ( B-lactamase), which destroys penicillins, thereby eliminating their destructive effect on the pathogen itself. Augmentin is a combination drug that contains the penicillin antibiotic amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, which protects it from the action of B-lactamases.	Adults are prescribed 500–1000 mg orally 3 times a day. Children – 250 – 500 mg three times a day.
Macrolides	Clarithromycin	They are used for the ineffectiveness of penicillins, as well as for mixed gonorrheal-chlamydial infection. They damage components of the genetic apparatus of gonococci, thereby disrupting the process of synthesis of intracellular proteins and making further reproduction of bacteria impossible.	For adults and children over 12 years of age, the drug is prescribed orally at 250–500 mg every 12 hours. The course of treatment is 6 – 12 days.
	Erythromycin		The drug is prescribed orally, in the first 3 days of treatment - 500 mg every 6 hours, and over the next 7 days - 250 mg every 6 hours.

Immunotherapy for gonorrhea

Specific immunotherapy consists of administering to the patient a special gonovaccine containing inactive forms of gonococci, which stimulate the immune system and increase the body's resistance. The drug is administered intramuscularly ( the initial dose usually contains 300 – 400 million microbial bodies). After 1–2 days, the drug is re-administered, with good tolerability and no side effects ( usually of an allergic nature) the dose is increased by 150 - 300 million microbial bodies with each repeated injection ( but not more than 2 billion for 1 administration). The full course of treatment includes 6 – 8 injections.

Local treatment of gonorrhea

Locally for gonorrhea, drugs that are bactericidal ( killing bacteria) and antiseptic ( disinfectant) action. This allows you to slow down the progression of the disease, as well as prevent the spread of infection through contact and household contact, as it helps to destroy gonococci.

Local treatment for gonorrhea includes:

• Rinsing the urethra with a solution of potassium permanganate at a dilution of 1:10,000.
• Rinsing the urethra with a solution of chlorhexidine at a dilution of 1:5000.
• Rinsing the urethra with a 0.25% solution of silver nitrate or a 2% solution of protargol.
• The use of warm ( 35 – 38 degrees) baths with potassium permanganate ( 1:10000 ) or furatsilin ( 1:5000 ) with damage to the skin.

It is important to remember that local treatment of acute gonorrhea should always be combined with the systemic use of antibacterial drugs.

Suppositories for gonorrhea

Rectal suppositories can be prescribed to improve the patient’s general condition and eliminate systemic manifestations of the infectious and inflammatory process. It is also worth noting that the rectal route of administration ( through the anus into the rectum) is preferable to taking tablets orally. This is explained by the fact that the drunk tablet is absorbed in the stomach and enters the so-called portal vein, through which blood flows to the liver. When passing through the liver, part of the medication is inactivated, which significantly reduces its effectiveness and requires taking large doses of drugs. Also, certain medications can have a toxic effect on liver cells. When drugs are administered rectally, they are absorbed in the lower parts of the rectum and enter directly into the systemic bloodstream, bypassing the portal vein and liver, thereby reducing the severity of the described side effects.

Rectal suppositories for gonorrhea

Group of drugs	Representatives	Mechanism of therapeutic action	Dosage
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)	Paracetamol	Drugs from this group block the development of the inflammatory process in the body, providing antipyretic and analgesic effects.	Adults are administered 1 suppository ( 500 mg) 2 – 4 times a day, for children the dose is calculated depending on age.
	Indomethacin		Adults are administered 1 suppository ( 50 mg) 1 – 3 times a day.
Antispasmodics	Papaverine	This drug relaxes spasmodic ( overly shortened) smooth muscles of internal organs, which helps eliminate pain in various complications of gonorrhea.	Adults are administered 20–40 mg 2–3 times a day.
Immunomodulators	Viferon (interferon a2b)	This drug has a pronounced immunostimulating effect ( increases nonspecific activity of the immune system), and also slows down the process of proliferation of connective tissue in the urethra and other affected organs ( which is often observed when gonorrhea becomes chronic).	The drug is administered to adults at a dose of 500,000 IU ( International Units) 2 times a day ( every 12 hours) within 5 – 10 days.

Treatment of chronic gonorrhea

Treatment of chronic gonorrhea is usually long-term and requires the use of the entire arsenal of therapeutic measures that are also used in the acute form of the disease.

Treatment for chronic gonorrhea includes:

• Antibiotics– are used for a long time, for several weeks.
• Immunomodulators ( gonovaccine, pyrogenal) – are prescribed to stimulate the body’s general defenses.
• Anti-inflammatory drugs– are prescribed only during the period of exacerbation of the disease.
• Physiotherapy ( magnetic therapy, laser therapy) – allow not only to reduce the severity of proliferative processes in the urethra, but also to accelerate the process of wound healing and restoration of damaged tissue after exacerbations of the disease.
• Treatment of developing complications from various organs and systems.

Treatment of extragenital gonorrhea

Treatment of extragenital forms of gonorrhea ( gonorrhea of ​​the rectum, skin lesions, conjunctiva of the eye and so on) is similar to that in classical forms of the disease, but includes a number of features.

Extragenital forms of gonorrhea include:

• Anal gonorrhea ( rectal gonorrhea). The basis of treatment measures is also the administration of benzylpenicillin, the course dose of which is 6 million units. Among other antibacterial drugs, preference is given to chloramphenicol ( orally 250 – 50 mg 2 – 4 times a day for 3 days) or ciprofloxacin ( orally 250 mg 2 – 3 times a day for 7 – 10 days). It is also recommended to use rectal suppositories with protargol ( 20 mg 1 time per day). Protargol ( silver preparation) forms a thin protective film on the surface of the damaged or ulcerated mucous membrane, which has an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect.
• Oropharyngeal gonorrhea. If the mucous membrane of the throat or oral cavity is affected, systemic antibacterial drugs are prescribed ( eg ciprofloxacin, azithromycin). It is also recommended regularly ( several times a day) gargle with a weak saline or soda solution ( 1 teaspoon of salt/soda per glass of warm boiled water), which will also have an antibacterial effect.
• Gonorrhea of ​​the eyes. In this case, the systemic use of antibacterial drugs is combined with antibacterial ( benzylpenicillin) and anti-inflammatory eye drops. The drug protargol can also be used in the form of eye drops ( 2 – 3 drops of 1% solution in each eye 2 – 3 times a day).

Treatment of gonorrhea during pregnancy

Treatment of gonorrhea during pregnancy can present certain difficulties due to the toxic effects of some antibacterial drugs on the developing fetus. However, if gonorrhea is detected in a pregnant woman, treatment is still prescribed, since possible infection of the fetus during childbirth can lead to much more serious and irreparable consequences.

Treatment of gonorrhea in pregnant women is carried out only in a hospital setting, where the doctor can regularly monitor the condition of the mother and fetus, as well as promptly identify and eliminate possible side effects.

Treatment for gonorrhea in pregnant women may include:

• Antibacterial drugs ( benzylpenicillin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol). In the first trimester of pregnancy, it is recommended to begin treatment with minimal therapeutic doses, since it is at this time that all organs and tissues of the embryo are formed, and the effects of antibiotics can negatively affect this process. Starting from the second trimester of pregnancy, the dose of drugs can be increased by one and a half to two times, since the severity of their toxic effect on the fetus is significantly reduced.
• Gonovaccine. This drug can be prescribed from the third trimester of pregnancy to 150 - 200 million microbial bodies ( the method of administration has been described previously).
• Local treatment. If a woman is diagnosed with gonorrhea, local treatment should be carried out at any stage of pregnancy, right up to childbirth. In this case, preference is given to vaginal baths ( for this you can use a solution of potassium permanganate at a concentration of 1:10000 or a 2% solution of protargol). Administration of any drugs ( for example, candles) in the vagina during pregnancy is strictly prohibited.

Treatment of gonorrhea with folk remedies at home

Traditional recipes are successfully used to treat gonorrhea. However, it is worth remembering that the cause of the development of this disease is a bacterial infection, which is quite difficult to eradicate without antibacterial drugs. That is why traditional treatment is recommended to be combined with drug therapy prescribed by a dermatovenerologist.

To treat gonorrhea at home you can use:

• Infusion of chamomile flowers. The substances contained in chamomile flowers have anti-inflammatory and some antimicrobial effects, which are used to eliminate the symptoms of gonorrhea. To prepare the infusion 20 grams ( about 4 full tablespoons) crushed chamomile flowers should be poured into 500 ml of warm boiled water and placed in a water bath for 10 - 15 minutes. After this, cool, strain and use externally. The infusion can be used in the form of baths ( for lesions of the urethra in men or women), for mouth rinsing ( 3 – 4 times a day) or for microenemas for anal gonorrhea ( in this case, 50 milliliters of warm infusion are injected into the rectum 2 - 3 times a day).
• Infusion of yarrow herb. The tannins and essential oils contained in this plant provide anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and wound-healing effects, which are successfully used in the treatment of acute and subacute gonorrhea. To prepare the infusion, add 4 tablespoons of crushed yarrow herb to 500 milliliters of warm boiled water and keep in a water bath for 15 minutes. Cool at room temperature for 1 – 2 hours and take 2 tablespoons orally three times a day ( half an hour before meals).
• Infusion of St. John's wort herb. This plant also has anti-inflammatory, astringent and wound-healing effects, which is successfully used to treat gonorrhea of ​​the throat and oral cavity. To prepare the infusion, 50 grams of crushed St. John's wort herb should be poured with 500 milliliters of boiling water and kept in a water bath for half an hour. Then the infusion should be cooled, strained and used to rinse the mouth and throat three times a day ( 2 hours before or one hour after meals).

Criteria for cure of gonorrhea

To remove a patient from registration, it is necessary to ensure that gonococci are completely removed from his body. After suffering acute gonorrhea, a man can be considered healthy after a single examination ( 7 – 10 days after the end of antibiotic therapy). Women need to be examined three times - the first time - 7 days after finishing the course of antibiotics, the second time during the next menstruation and the third time immediately after its end.

The criteria for curing gonorrhea are:

• Absence of any subjective manifestations of the disease ( soreness, itching or burning in the urethra, difficulty urinating, and so on).
• The absence of gonococci in a three-fold bacterioscopic examination of smears from the patient’s mucous membranes ( after a combined provocation using gonovaccine, pyrogenal and other methods).
• A single negative bacteriological study, also carried out after a combined provocation ( For culture, smears from the mucous membrane of the urethra, cervical canal, vagina, rectum, and so on can be used.).

Gonorrhea prevention

Prevention of gonorrhea can be primary ( aimed at preventing infection of a healthy person with gonococci) and secondary, the purpose of which is to prevent re-infection, relapses ( repeated exacerbations) and the development of complications. It is immediately worth noting that, despite the high prevalence of this pathology, it is quite simple to protect yourself from infection; you just need to follow a set of simple rules and recommendations regarding personal hygiene and sex life.

Prevention of gonorrhea includes:

• Change in sexual behavior. People who frequently change sexual partners and are promiscuous are at greatest risk of contracting gonorrhea. It is important to remember that a person can be contagious even if he does not have obvious clinical manifestations of gonorrhea ( quite often people themselves do not know that they are sick). That is why one of the main preventive measures for gonorrhea is the exclusion of unprotected sexual contact with an unknown partner.

• Timely detection of gonorrhea in a sexual partner. When acute gonorrhea develops in a man, the diagnosis is usually made within 1–2 days, due to the severity of the clinical manifestations of the disease. At the same time, in women this pathology can be asymptomatic for a long time. That is why, when starting to live together, partners are recommended to undergo a series of simple examinations in order to identify hidden forms STI ( sexually transmitted infections) , which includes gonorrhea.
• Complete treatment of gonorrhea in a sexual partner. It is important to continue treatment for the entire period prescribed by the doctor, even if there are no clinical manifestations of the disease. If you stop taking antibacterial drugs too early, some gonococci may survive, which may cause a relapse ( re-exacerbation) or the development of a latent form of the disease.
• Avoiding unprotected sex up to the removal of the infected sexual partner from the dispensary register with a dermatovenerologist.
• Preventive examination of people at risk. The group at increased risk of developing gonorrhea includes teenagers and people aged 18 to 30 years who are promiscuous, as well as homosexuals. Also at risk are married couples who fail to conceive a child within 1 year of regular sexual activity ( in this case, the cause of infertility may be various complications of gonorrhea occurring in a latent form).

Hygiene for gonorrhea

Compliance with personal hygiene rules becomes especially important if a sexual partner or any family member is diagnosed with gonorrhea. It is important to note that the sick person himself, as well as all the people around him, must follow these rules.

Hygiene measures for gonorrhea include:

• Regular ( at least once a day) taking a shower, during which you should use disinfectant soap.
• Use of individual personal hygiene items ( washcloths, towels, toothbrushes and so on) by each family member. The use of personal hygiene items by a person with gonorrhea is unacceptable.
• Regular ( daily) change of bed linen during the entire period of treatment of acute gonorrhea.

Following these simple rules will significantly reduce the risk of infecting family members of a person with gonorrhea.

Is it possible to have sex while treating gonorrhea?

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infectious disease ( this route of infection is observed in more than 95% of all cases of gonorrhea). Considering this fact, it becomes clear that if acute gonorrhea is detected in a sexual partner, it is recommended to abstain from sexual intercourse until he is completely recovered, since otherwise this can lead to the development of a number of complications.

Having sex while being treated for gonorrhea can cause:

• Infection of a sexual partner. In the presence of pronounced clinical manifestations of gonorrhea, even mechanical methods of protection cannot completely eliminate the risk of infection ( that is, condoms). At the same time, after the start of treatment, the symptoms of the disease usually subside quite quickly, and therefore the couple decides to resume sexual activity. This is a rather serious mistake, since a patient with acute gonorrhea is infectious throughout the entire period of treatment, even while taking antibacterial drugs.
• Exacerbations of the disease. During sexual intercourse, irritation and injury to the mucous membrane of the genitourinary tract occurs, which can contribute to the spread of infection.
• Relapse. If you continue to have sex with an infected partner during treatment ( who is not taking treatment), there is a high probability of re-infection, as a result of which, after discontinuation of antibacterial drugs, the clinical picture of the disease may develop again.
• Development of complications. Having sex during acute gonorrhea can cause pain in the urethra, and trauma to the inflamed mucous membrane can cause bleeding.

Prevention of gonorrhea in newborns

The most effective method of preventing gonorrhea in a newborn is the prevention and treatment of this pathology in the mother during pregnancy planning. However, if a pregnant woman still suffers from gonorrhea, and it is not possible to cure this disease before the baby is born, there is a high probability that the baby will become infected with gonococci during passage through the birth canal. Since most often this leads to damage to the child’s eyes ( that is, to the development of conjunctivitis), children born from mothers with gonorrhea are instilled into each conjunctival sac with 2 drops of sodium sulfacyl ( antibacterial drug that destroys gonococci). This procedure should be performed immediately after the birth of the baby, and then again after 2 hours. If a girl is born, the genitals should also be treated with sodium sulfacyl solution.

Consequences and complications of gonorrhea

With a fresh acute form of gonorrhea in men, complications usually do not develop, since the pronounced clinical picture forces the patient to consult a doctor and begin treatment in a timely manner. At the same time, the subacute or torpid form of the disease, as well as the latent or chronic course of gonorrhea, is characterized by the prolonged presence of gonococci in the body and the frequent lack of necessary treatment. Over time, the gonococcal flora can spread throughout the mucous membrane of the genitourinary system and affect other tissues and organs, which can lead to very sad consequences.

Gonorrhea in men can be complicated by:

• Littreit ( inflammation of the Littre glands). These glands are located in the submucosal layer of the urethra along its entire length ( from the external opening of the urethra to the wall of the bladder) and produce mucus. When they are inflamed, redness of the mouths of the glands and their gaping may be observed, which is determined during examination by a doctor. Also, with this complication, the amount of mucous discharge from the urethra may increase.

• Inflammation of Morgagni lacunae. These gaps ( recesses) are located on the inner surface of the urethral mucosa and are also quite often inflamed with gonorrhea.
• Colliculitis ( inflammation of the seminal tubercle). The seminal tubercle is a muscular formation that is located in the posterior wall of the urethra and through which the vas deferens pass. When it is inflamed, patients complain of pain in the penis, upper thigh or lower abdomen. There may also be a problem with ejaculation ( ejaculation).
• Tizonite ( inflammation of the tizon glands). These are sebaceous glands that are located in the skin of the foreskin of the penis. When inflamed, they increase in size ( up to 5 – 7 millimeters), become dense and sharply painful when palpated, and when pressing on them, pus may be discharged. The skin over the inflamed glands is red ( hyperemic), edematous.
• Lymphangitis ( inflammation of the lymphatic vessels). This complication develops during the aggressive course of gonorrhea, when a large number of pathogens penetrate the lymphatic system. A dense and sharply painful lymphatic vessel is usually located on the upper surface of the penis, the skin over it may be swollen and hyperemic.
• Inguinal lymphadenitis ( inflammation of the inguinal lymph nodes). This is a common complication of gonorrhea, which, however, rarely leads to purulent melting of the lymph nodes ( Usually, inflammation in the lymph nodes disappears after starting antibiotic treatment).
• Acute prostatitis ( inflammation of the prostate gland). Occurs when gonococci penetrate the prostate. It is characterized by pain in the perineum, frequent urge to urinate, disruption of the process of urine excretion, increased body temperature to 38 - 39 degrees, and so on. On palpation ( palpation) the prostate is enlarged, hardened and sharply painful.
• Vesiculitis ( inflammation of the seminal vesicles). It manifests itself as acute pain in the pelvic area, intensifying during sexual arousal. Hematuria may also be present ( the appearance of blood in the urine).
• Epididymitis ( inflammation of the epididymis). This complication is manifested by sharp stabbing pain in the testicular area, swelling and hyperemia of the scrotum. Body temperature can rise to 40 degrees. Even without treatment, the inflammatory process subsides after 4–5 days, however, a connective tissue scar may form in the area of ​​the appendage, blocking the lumen of the appendage and disrupting the process of sperm release, which can cause male infertility.

Gonorrhea in women can be complicated by:

• Endometritis ( inflammation of the uterine mucosa). This complication develops when gonococci spread from lower parts of the genitourinary system ( from the vagina or cervix). Endometritis manifests itself as acute cramping pain in the lower abdomen, an increase in body temperature up to 39 degrees, and menstrual irregularities ( mucous-bloody or purulent discharge may occur outside of menstruation). The uterus itself is enlarged and painful on palpation.
• Salpingitis ( inflammation of the fallopian tubes). The fallopian tubes are the channels through which a fertilized egg enters the uterine cavity during conception. With salpingitis, patients complain of sharp stabbing pain in the lower abdomen, which intensifies during movement, urination or defecation. At the same time, the body temperature rises to 38 - 39 degrees, the woman’s general condition worsens. The most dangerous outcome of salpingitis is the proliferation of connective tissue and the formation of adhesions, which block the lumens of the fallopian tubes, leading to the development of infertility.
• Pelvioperitonitis. This term refers to inflammation of the pelvic peritoneum - a thin serous membrane lining the organs and walls of the pelvis. Infection in the peritoneum can spread from the lumen of the fallopian tubes during salpingitis. The development of pelvioperitonitis is characterized by a deterioration in the general condition of the woman, the appearance of widespread pain in the lower abdomen, an increase in body temperature to 39 - 40 degrees, constipation ( due to impaired intestinal motor function). The abdominal wall is tense and painful on palpation.

It is also worth noting that one of the most dangerous complications of gonorrhea ( both men and women) is sepsis - a pathological condition in which bacteria and/or their toxins enter the blood and spread throughout the body. Bacteria that enter the bloodstream can migrate to various organs and tissues, causing their damage. Before use, you should consult a specialist.

Gonorrhea is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in Russia. HIV infection is mainly transmitted during sexual contact, but infection through household contact cannot be ruled out. Its pathogen dies quickly enough in the environment, and after entering the human body it becomes resistant to any influences. No immune system is capable of neutralizing the disease, which is rapidly developing and causes damage to the columnar epithelium of the urogenital system. Signs of gonorrhea appear within a week after infection. When the first symptoms are detected, you need to begin treatment in order to avoid serious consequences and a sharp deterioration in well-being.

Gonorrhea also has a second name - gonorrhea. This is how people who do not know medical terminology talk about illness. Today both names have taken root in society. Infection with gonorrhea occurs mainly among young people 20-30 years old. With promiscuous sexual intercourse, the first main symptom of infection can be detected by a representative of any gender or age. We are talking about purulent discharge. The defeat ends with the spread of infection to all mucous membranes.

Forms of the disease

Gonorrhea is classified into:

• chronic;
• fresh;
• hidden.

These forms differ in the severity of clinical signs. It is important to treat each of them promptly and correctly. Therapy will not be successful if the form of gonorrhea was incorrectly determined. Firstly, after diagnosing the infection, doctors strive to find out the time of infection, and secondly, they develop an effective treatment plan.

Fresh gonorrhea has this name because its first sign appears no later than two months before contacting a doctor. That is, the person made an appointment in a timely manner and did not wait for his health to improve. Although the course of fresh gonorrhea varies. The forms of infection in this case are as follows:

• acute - high activity of the inflammatory process;
• subacute - mild manifestation of symptoms;
• torpid - a sluggish, protracted course of gonorrhea.

A fresh disease often manifests itself in an acute form, after which it transforms into the next two. Half of the patients do not go to doctors, since the unpleasant symptoms are sharply dulled 5-7 days after their onset. In fact, gonorrhea continues to progress. If a sick person considers promiscuous “open” sex to be normal, healthy people will become infected from it. The development of complications and other sexually transmitted diseases is possible. Along with gonorrhea, syphilis and chlamydia are diagnosed. If left untreated, the infection becomes chronic. In this case, the pathogen does not make itself known, and clinical symptoms rarely appear. Gonococci are found in the cells and tissues of the body and are activated only when the immune system is weakened. With the chronic form of gonorrhea, patients rarely complain of feeling unwell. If the disease recurs, then only for 2-3 days for colds and other ailments. In this case, a diagnosis is possible after the person undergoes a comprehensive diagnosis.

Now about hidden gonorrhea. Mostly women suffer from this form of infection. The following names are found:

• asymptomatic;
• latent.

In this category of patients, the immune system does not respond to gonococci. However, gonorrhea pathogens are present in the body. Accordingly, their carrier infects their partner during unprotected sexual intercourse.

If a man suffers from latent gonorrhea, he notices the following negative changes:

• cloudy discharge from the urethra after any kind of activity;
• gluing of the “sponges” of the head of the penis after prolonged passive rest.

An asymptomatic disease is the most insidious, because a person is not aware of its presence, involuntarily “rewarding” it to sexual partners.

Routes of transmission and sources of infection with gonorrhea

• cervical and urethral canal;
• vagina.

A household method of contracting gonorrhea is unlikely, but not excluded. Previously it was said that gonococcus is unstable to environmental influences. However, the household route of transmission has been scientifically proven. There is a high risk of infection if:

• touching the patient’s clothing and personal items;
• defecating in public toilets;
• visiting baths, saunas, swimming pools;
• eating food from poorly processed plates and cutlery;
• swimming in a body of standing water.

Not all ways of contracting gonorrhea are listed. You need to think not only about who to go to bed with, but also who to kiss. The pathogen is located in the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx. One kiss with a stranger can cause gonorrheal pharyngitis. If the immune system is weakened, infection cannot be avoided.

Manifestation of symptoms in men, women, children

Before considering the signs of gonorrhea, I would like to note that timely and correct treatment will allow you to forget about the disease. It manifests itself differently in both sexes. Symptoms in children differ from those observed in adults.

Let's start by looking at the manifestations of gonorrhea in men. Acute fresh infection begins with an inflammatory process. Doctors diagnose urethritis, the symptoms of which suddenly arise and worsen the quality of life. The patient notes:

• swelling of the lips of the glans penis;
• itching and burning during urination;
• copious mucous discharge with an unpleasant odor.

Men who have recently contracted gonorrhea feel painful immediately upon waking. The pain appears during morning urination, after which it occasionally becomes dull. A burning sensation is observed during ejaculation. Pus is noticed both during ejaculation and during urination. Mucous, foul-smelling discharge may have one of the following shades:

• yellow;
• green;
• brown.

They have a putrid smell. Often a man complains of poor urine flow. Urine is difficult to pass precisely because pus accumulates in the urethra. During an acute inflammatory process, a man often runs to the toilet. In this case, almost the same amount of urine and pus comes out, and the body temperature rises. In the traditional acute course of gonorrhea, t varies between 37-38°, with complications - from 39 to 40°. How long does this painful condition last in men? No more than 5 days; on the 7th day after infection, clinical manifestations subside.

If the causative agent of gonorrhea enters the female body, the above-described symptoms are rarely observed. Only 10-15% of 100 present the following manifestations of the disease:

• purulent vaginal discharge;
• swelling and redness of the inner labia;
• burning and itching when urinating;
• increased body temperature to 38 °C.

There is no need to hesitate and make a forecast for the future; it is important to immediately consult a doctor before infection of the pelvic organs occurs. Often women are forced to go to a dermatovenerologist because their spouses have experienced acute negative health changes. In this case, all patients who have had unprotected or oral sex are infected. When having sexual intercourse using condoms, a different outcome is possible.

The incubation period for gonorrhea is:

• for women - 5-10 days;
• for men - 2-5 days.

In rare cases, it varies within 1-21 days. In children, the incubation period is the same length as in men. However, in babies, the mucous membranes of the eyes and nasopharynx are primarily affected during the passage of the newborn through the birth canal. The development of a septic condition cannot be ruled out. During the acute phase of the infection in children, pus and blood are also released from the urethra.

Characteristic signs of gonorrhea on the skin, eyes, anus and throat

The reason for the appearance of the following symptoms is the penetration of gonococcus into the mucous membranes of the respiratory, excretory, and visual systems. The infection can also damage the skin, but only if it enters an open wound. An inflammatory process begins at the site of penetration. Ulcers with a diameter of 5 to 20 mm appear on the skin, which hurt on palpation. As a rule, such lesions occur on the genitals. For example, if there is a small wound or an open pimple on the pubis, scrotum, labia.

Some clinical pictures are disappointing, as ulcers appear in the eyelid area. In this case, you should immediately go to the doctor.

• redness of the throat;
• swelling of the tonsils and pharynx;
• the appearance of an unpleasant sensation of tickling;
• soreness of the lymph nodes in the neck;
• formation of ulcers in the mouth;
• the presence of plaque on the walls of the throat.

Gonorrhea can also be anal. How infection occurs can be guessed from the name of the type of disease. Gonococcus infects the rectal mucosa during anal sex. This is also possible in acute cases of gonorrhea in women and girls. The spread of the pathogen from the vaginal to the anus will be stopped if the patient carefully observes the rules of personal hygiene. Symptoms of this type of gonorrhea:

• painful urge to go to the toilet “for the most part”;
• mucus and pus in stool;
• frequent false urge to defecate;
• itching and burning in the area of ​​the rectal outlet;
• constipation;
• blood in stool.

The described manifestations disappear within a week.

Basic diagnostic methods

Doctors diagnose “Acute gonorrhea” after receiving test results. To verify the presence of the disease, a dermatovenerologist examines the patient and listens to his complaints. The clinical picture is usually clear immediately; it differs from other infections, but the doctor has no right to make a diagnosis without examination results.

The main diagnostic methods that are used when gonorrhea is suspected include:

• sowing;
• smear;
• provocation techniques;

To identify gonococcus in the fresh phase of infection, you do not need to undergo a comprehensive complex examination. As a rule, a smear test is sufficient. Bacterioscopic examination is accurate and simple.

• mechanical - bougienage of the urethra with a metal tube;
• biological - administration of a gonococcal vaccine or “Pyrogenal” intramuscularly;
• chemical - treatment of the urethra with various solutions;
• alimentary - the patient’s intentional intake of alcoholic beverages, spicy or salty foods.

Instrumental and laboratory diagnostic methods

Patients of dermatovenerologists, like people seen by other specialists, undergo a general blood and urine test. Doctors assess the state of health using the number of leukocytes and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Deviations from the norm indicate that there is an inflammatory process in the body. The results of urine tests in patients with gonorrhea show evidence of infection. During purulent processes, the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes sharply increases.

Men are often given referrals for a special urine test. We are talking about a three-glass Thompson sample. Before the test, the patient adheres to a certain diet. You should not eat foods with bright colors because this will affect the color of your urine. The material is collected in the morning immediately after waking up. In this case, you need to urinate in 3 containers alternately during one urge to go to the toilet. Each sample is analyzed in the laboratory.

PCR is another effective research method that shows the presence of gonococcus in the body. The polymerase chain reaction appeared not so long ago, but is effectively used by doctors. Advantages of PCR:

• extremely low probability of a false result;
• high accuracy;
• receiving data within a few hours.

PCR analyzes reactions that are formed as a result of the interaction of enzymes with the DCN of the material being studied. Why is diagnosis called accurate? With gonorrhea, there will be more than 1,000 copies of gonococcal DNA.

Other laboratory research methods are rarely used. To clarify the clinical picture, instrumental diagnostic techniques are used. They allow you not only to confirm gonorrhea, but also to see existing or future complications. These techniques include:

1. Colposcopy. Makes it possible to examine the vaginal mucosa. The examination is carried out using a colposcope.
2. Urethroscopy. Allows you to see erosions, narrowings, bleeding areas on the mucous membrane. It is carried out using a urethroscope.
3. Cervicoscopy. Demonstrates the condition of the cervical mucosa. The examination is carried out using a hysteroscope.
4. Laparoscopy. Refers to precise, complex diagnostic methods for studying women's health. Before the procedure, the patient is given anesthesia. The pelvic organs are diagnosed using a tube equipped with cameras and light sources. They are administered through punctures previously made in the abdominal cavity. If necessary, a number of therapeutic measures are carried out.

The final diagnosis of Gonorrhea is not made based on the results of one of the listed studies. The patient needs to undergo a comprehensive examination.

Does the disease go away on its own, who prescribes treatment?

If your health suddenly deteriorates and all the previously described symptoms of gonorrhea appear, you should immediately make an appointment with a dermatovenerologist. The doctor will conduct an examination, refer you for diagnostics and prescribe treatment. It is important to answer the doctor’s questions honestly and as completely as possible. After receiving the diagnostic results, the dermatovenerologist draws up a treatment program. It is unacceptable to skip medications and continue to lead a chaotic lifestyle. Most patients are forced to treat gonorrhea at home. However, anyone can insist on hospitalization. Treatment of gonorrhea in the hospital is carried out if complications arise or it is impossible to follow the doctor’s recommendations at home.

Drug therapy with suppositories and antibiotics

Serious drugs can destroy the causative agent of gonorrhea. Patients are prescribed antibiotics of the penicillin group; if complications occur, macrolides are prescribed. At a fresh stage, such treatment is successful. In advanced clinical situations, antibiotics are not enough.

To improve the patient's condition during therapy with Penicillin or macrolides, rectal suppositories are prescribed. They neutralize the inflammatory process, act quickly and eliminate the cause of pain. There are no side effects. The active substance immediately enters the bloodstream and does not have a harmful effect on the liver.

Immunotherapy and local treatment for gonorrhea

The therapeutic program for patients with gonorrhea also includes injections, the effect of which is aimed at increasing the body's resistance. Immunomodulators are administered intramuscularly every other day. The course of immunotherapy includes 6 to 8 injections. The dose of the drug is increased gradually, observing the reactions of the patient’s body.

For local treatment of gonorrhea, bactericidal ointments and antiseptics are used. They slow down or completely stop the development of gonorrhea. The use of antiseptics and ointments is important when there is a high risk of infection of healthy people through household means. For example, children and parents who do not have sexually transmitted diseases live in the same house as the patient. Topical products prevent the spread of infection. An example of such a gonorrhea treatment program includes:

• washing the urethra with a 2% solution of protargol and 0.25% silver nitrate;
• warm baths or lotions with Furacilin and potassium permanganate for damaged skin;
• urethral lavage with Chlorhexidine (1:5,000).

Local treatment is always supplemented with antibiotics or antibacterial drugs.

A set of measures for chronic and extragenital gonorrhea

When gonorrhea lasts for a long time, it is more difficult to achieve positive treatment results. Dermatovenerologists are developing a comprehensive program, including:

• rectal suppositories to neutralize the inflammatory process;
• antibiotics;
• physiotherapy (laser and magnetic therapy);
• immunostimulants (Pyrogenal, gonovaccines).

For anal gonorrhea the following is prescribed:

• "Ciprofloxacin";
• "Benzylpenicillin";
• "Levomycetin";
• rectal suppositories with protargol.

For oropharyngeal gonorrhea, antibacterial drugs are prescribed for rinsing and irrigating the mouth and throat. Saline solutions help eliminate unpleasant symptoms. For eye gonorrhea, anti-inflammatory drops and benzylpenicillin are prescribed. A photo of one of the drugs is presented below.

Treatment of pregnant patients

One of the most difficult clinical pictures is considered to be one in which a sick woman is expecting a child. Pregnancy is a special state of the body when it is unacceptable to take toxic drugs. Pregnant women are strongly discouraged from being treated with antibiotics, as they negatively affect the development of the fetus. However, for gonorrhea, complex medications are still prescribed to minimize or completely eliminate the risk of infection of the baby. Treatment is carried out in a hospital rather than at home. It is important to constantly monitor the health of the expectant mother. If you feel worse, treatment is stopped and reconsidered.

The treatment regimen during pregnancy includes:

1. "Benzylpenicillin", "Levomycetin", "Erythromycin" and other antibacterial drugs (start with minimal doses, gradually increasing them).
2. Administration of gonovaccine from the 3rd trimester of pregnancy.
3. Local treatment with vaginal baths.

In the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy, dermatovenerologists, as a rule, manage to achieve recovery in patients.

Treatment of gonorrhea with folk remedies

For healing at home, infusions from:

1. Chamomile flowers. The plant reduces the number of microbes and relieves inflammation. To prepare a folk medicine, use 20 g of grated chamomile flowers and 0.5 liters of warm water. The plant is poured and placed in a water bath, then cooled and filtered. The infusion is not used internally! It is used for rinsing, vaginal and anal baths.
2. St. John's wort. Gargle the throat and mouth with the infusion; do not take it orally. It works like chamomile and yarrow because it has many similar properties. To prepare the herbal solution, take 50 g of St. John's wort and 0.5 liters of water. The product is infused in a water bath for at least half an hour, after which it is used as directed.
3. Yarrow. This herb is rich in essential oils and tannins. They stop the development of inflammation, accelerate wound healing and produce an antimicrobial effect. To prepare the infusion, take 4 tbsp. l. dry grass and 0.5 warm water. Infuse the folk medicine in the same way as in the first recipe. However, they take 2 tbsp orally. l. an hour before meals 3 times a day.

Attention: self-medication with folk remedies for gonorrhea is unacceptable! This is only an auxiliary measure.

Evaluation of therapy effectiveness

Negative test results indicate the patient's complete recovery. It is diagnostics that makes it possible to verify the absence of gonococcus in the body. The examination is carried out repeatedly, a week after the end of antibiotic therapy. The dermatovenerologist makes conclusions about complete recovery based on the absence of gonorrhea pathogens in the results of three-time bacterioscopic and bacteriological examination. The patient should also note the complete absence of infection symptoms.

Prevention and consequences of gonorrhea

A disappointing diagnosis from a dermatovenerologist will not be heard by people who:

• have a sexual life with one sexual partner;
• never forget about personal protective equipment;
• undergo regular medical examinations;
• observe personal hygiene rules daily.

If you frequently change sexual partners, you need to undergo regular STD testing. After rash sexual contact with a stranger, it is important to urgently douche with antiseptics and consult a doctor within a week.

What are the consequences of gonorrhea? They vary:

For men:

• epididymitis;
• inflammation of the foreskin and penis;
• erectile dysfunction;
• damage to the epididymis and testicles;
• prostatitis;
• infertility.

Among women:

• inflammation and obstruction of the fallopian tubes;
• infertility.

To avoid complications, you need to treat gonorrhea in a timely manner and forget about casual sexual relationships.

Gonococci (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) aggravate the immune system; it is powerless against these insidious infectious microorganisms that develop inflammation of the genitourinary organs, which turns into gonorrhea. During unprotected sex, infection in the genital tract can appear repeatedly.

What is dangerous about gonorrhea for those who have anal and oral sex is that the rectum or pharynx becomes inflamed. Gonococci can infect the conjunctiva of the eyes and develop blenorrhea. The bloodstream carries microorganisms into internal organs, heart muscles, joints and skin.

Along with gonococcal inflammation, sexual partners can get gonorrheal urethritis, endocervicitis, bartholinitis, proctitis, endometritis, salpingoophoritis, pelvioperitonitis. Gonococcus especially easily affects organs with single-layer epithelium: the urethra, the excretory ducts of the Bartholin glands, the cervix and body, and the uterine tubes.

The paraurethral passages on the epithelium on top of the ovaries and the mucous membrane of the pelvic peritoneum become inflamed. For example, gonorrheal colpitis (inflammation of the vaginal mucosa) in women occurs during pregnancy, during menopause and in infancy. In this case, numerous adhesions can form due to the rapid loss of fibrinogen into the fibrin, which contains the inflammatory fluid.

It is important to know. The infection is also transmitted through extrasexual contact: the child becomes ill if the mother uses her own bed linen or towel for him. When receiving an infection during childbirth, children often develop sepsis, meningitis, blenorrhea and arthritis.

Fresh or acute gonorrheal inflammation usually lasts 2 months with an incubation period of 2-3 weeks. But it will do less harm, since it is easier to treat than the latent (hidden) form of the disease and the chronic one.

Chronic inflammation does not manifest itself with obvious symptoms, and gonococci are difficult to detect when examining cultures and smears. Carriers of the infection (usually women) consider themselves healthy, but in fact they are sources of the disease. In men, symptoms manifest themselves more noticeably with an incubation period of 2-5 days, maximum 2 weeks.

Symptoms

Men are concerned about:

• burning and pain in the urethra, urethra;
• discharge with particles of pus;
• sexual weakness;
• inflammatory process on the head of the penis, testicles and prostate gland;
• stricture (narrowing) of the urethra.

Women suffer from characteristic symptoms:

• pain and stinging during urination and sexual intercourse;
• pain under the pubis with any shocks, especially in transport, later - in a calm state;
• elevated temperature that does not decrease for 1-2 days;
• mucopurulent discharge;
• redness and sticking of the vestibule of the vagina and urethra;
• vaginal intermenstrual bleeding, which indicates an inflammatory process in the uterus and appendages.

Pain in the lower abdomen is a symptom of gonorrheal inflammation

Diagnostics

Bacteriological examination of smears from the urethra, rectum, and cervix is ​​aimed at detecting gonococci. If the results are negative, then after provocative tests it is repeated. When a microorganism is identified, it is tested for sensitivity to antibiotic drugs.

The pathogen is determined, as can be seen in the photo, also by PCR - polymerase chain reaction. The analysis can identify the pathogen by several DNA molecules in latent and chronic forms of the disease, during the period of asymptomatic incubation.

The Gram staining method is highly sensitive in the process of examining urethral discharge. When examining a urine sample, highly sensitive DNA amplification analysis is used: ligase chain reaction, transcriptional amplification, PCR.

A fluid sample is taken from the urethra or cervix to detect nucleic acid hybridization. This method allows you to detect concomitant infections transmitted through sex.

Serological analysis reveals chronic gonorrhea. It is also carried out in the case of a negative bacteriological analysis.

The immunofluorescence method of research reveals pathology in the early stages, and the enzyme immunoassay method detects resistant L-forms of the microorganism and non-viable strains. Patients also undergo general and biochemical blood and urine tests.

Treatment methods

How and how to treat gonorrhea in men and women, what medications to use, only a venereologist knows after examining tests and determining the sensitivity of gonococci to prescribed antibiotic therapy. Patients are admitted to a hospital, since self-medication with this type of sexually transmitted infection is unacceptable, it will only bring harm.

Antibiotics in complex therapy

The form and stage of the pathology requires the development of individual treatment regimens using injections and tablets. If the disease is uncomplicated and acute, then tablets are prescribed. But intramuscular administration of drugs eliminates gonococci faster and does not lead to a large number of side effects.

Table 1: Tablets for antibiotic therapy:

Name/price	Tradename	Treatment regimen
Cefixime – 600 rub.	Cefspan, Ceforal, Tsemidexor, Solutab, Suprax, Pancef, Lupin, Ixim	400 mg (1 tablet) or 200 mg (2 tablets) per day. Do not prescribe for allergies to cephalosporins or penicillins. Used during pregnancy after consultation with a gynecologist.
Ciprofloxacin – 200 rub.	Tsiprobay, Tsiprolet, Tsiprinol, Tsifran, Ecotsifol	500 mg once for gonococcal cystitis, chlamydia, allergies and low effect of Cefixime. Course – 10 days. The drug is contraindicated for pregnant women.
Ofloxacin – 17 rub.	Zanotsin, Zoflox, Tarvid	400 mg once. Replace ineffective products. For gonorrhea, chlamydia and ureaplasmosis, 800 mg/day is prescribed for a course of 7-14 days. The tablets are contraindicated for pregnant women.

Table 2: Injectables:

Name/price	Tradename	Treatment regimen
Ceftriaxone, 35-200 rub.	Cefson, Longatsef, Rocephin, Azaran	For infection of the pharynx (pharyngitis) and genitourinary organs - 250 mg intramuscularly once after preliminary dissolving the powder in a 1% solution of lidocaine - 2 ml. For gonorrheal conjunctivitis - 1000 mg intramuscularly after dissolving in Lidocaine - 3.5 ml. Pregnant women are allowed to use after consulting a doctor. Complicated pathology is treated by administering 1000 mg every day for a course of 2 weeks.
Spectinomycin, 200 rub.	Trobitsin, Kirin	2000 mg intramuscularly as a single dose. Complicated pathology is treated with 2000 mg every 12 hours for 2 weeks. It is allowed to be used by pregnant women under the supervision of a gynecologist.

In parallel with tablets and injections, treatment is carried out with antiseptic solutions, suppositories and ointments. When answering a frequent question about how to treat gonorrhea in men, there is no need to look for any special “male” remedies.

Local therapy is added to antibiotics according to the following scheme:

• wash the urethra with antiseptics: 0.05% aqueous solution of silver nitrate or 0.02% solution of potassium permanganate;
• with concomitant urethritis and the presence of a mild infiltrate, wash the urethra with a 0.25-0.5% solution of silver nitrate, add protargol (2% solution) or collargol (1% solution);
• if the skin is infected, take baths adding a 0.01% solution of potassium permanganate or a 0.02% solution of furatsilin to warm water.

Before treating gonorrhea in women with antibiotics, it is necessary to do tests for them, taking into account individual contraindications. In addition, they disrupt the normal microflora of the vagina. And this is fraught with fungal and bacterial vaginitis. Therefore, probiotics and antifungal agents are included in therapy.

Therapy is carried out:

• vaginal suppositories with lactobacilli: Acylact, Lactonorm, Lactobacterin, Ecofemin, 1 suppository at night for a course of 10 days;
• antifungal vaginal suppositories: Clotrimazole (Candide, Kanison, Candibene) – 200 mg at night – 10 days;
• topical antiseptics: suppositories, ointments or creams as prescribed by a doctor;
• in acute stages of inflammation - warm sitz baths, adding a 0.01% solution of potassium permanganate or chamomile infusion (keep under a fur coat in 2 tbsp. boiling water - 1 tbsp. flowers). Apply 1-2 times a day for 10-15 minutes. In subacute stages, the external genitalia are lubricated with Protargol in glycerin (10% solution);
• in acute stages of urethritis, instillations are performed and the canal is deeply washed with Protargol (1-2% solution) or Collargol. In subacute stages - treated with instillations of Protargol (3-5% solution);
• if vaginitis is present, Betadine or Hexicon suppositories are inserted into the vagina.

For concomitant chlamydia, treatment is carried out with Doxycycline for 7 days - 100 mg tablets twice a day. For trichomoniasis - Metronidazole: 2.0 g once or 500 mg for 5-7 days, 2-3 doses per day. For Candidiasis - vaginal suppositories or tablets of 100-200 mg for a course of 3-10 days.

Other treatment regimens

Individual treatment regimens can consist of sodium and potassium salts of Benzylpenicillin or Ecmonovocillin, Tetracycline and Bicillin. And also Ampicillin, Chlortetracycline hydrochloride, Levomycitin, Monomycin, Procainpenicillin-g-3-meta.

Bacteria and microbes, gonococci are eliminated during therapy with Bassado, Doxilan, Doxal, Zinacef, Zinpad, Ketocef, Lendatsin, Miramistin, Modevid, Rifogor, Rimafor and others. Macrolides – Oletethrin and Erythromycin, sulfonamides – Sulfadimethoxine and Sulfamonomethoxine.

Table 3: Local methods of therapy:

Procedure	Means	Instructions for carrying out
Instillations	Carry out with a 0.25-0.5% solution of silver nitrate, 5% emulsion of Sintomycin, 2-5% solution of Protargol in glycerin, Methylprednisolone (40 mg per 10 ml of water).	Injected dropwise into the urethra (urethra) or bladder. The course is 5-10 days, the break between courses is 2-3 days.
Rinsing and wiping the urethra and the area near the anus.	Carry out with solutions of antibiotics, potassium permanganate and warm water up to +38°C – 1:20000, 1:10000. Wipe the outer opening of the canal with mercury dichloride (1:1000) or furatsilin solution (1:5000)	To remove pus, gonococci and their toxins from the mucous membrane, the concentration of the solution is made (0.5 l), inversely proportional to the severity of inflammation. For acute and chronic pathologies, rinse daily until the end of general therapy. First wipe the external opening of the canal and around the anus with a cotton swab moistened with mercury dichloride.
	Mercury oxycyanide in solution – 1:10000 – 1:3000, collargol (1:2000-1:250), silver nitrate (10000-1:1000).	For severe swelling, allergies and weak effect of rinsing with potassium permanganate in complicated gonococcal urethritis The procedure is carried out once a day using the indicated means until the symptoms disappear.
Vaginal douching	Carry out with solutions: potassium permanganate (1:1000 – 1:6000); mercury oxycyanide (1:10000); boric acid (2%)	Every day at night until the symptoms of acute and subacute pathology decrease, douching is carried out with a warm solution up to 37-40°C, in case of chronic pathology - with a hot solution up to 47-50°C.
Vaginal baths and columpization	Use ethacridine lactate in solution (rivanol), methylene blue (2%), collargol (5-10%), protargol (2-5%), gentian violet (1-2%), xeroform emulsion with fish oil. For baths, boil medicinal herbs: chamomile, sage or eucalyptus (for 1 tbsp. boiling water - 1 tbsp. l of raw materials). Important. From the vagina, the broth should not get into the anus.	The external genitalia are first treated with a cotton swab soaked in a 3% solution of boric acid or mercury oxycyanide (1-5000). Then the mucous membrane is irrigated with a syringe with potassium permanganate (1:10000), protargol (2-5%), silver nitrate (1-2%), syntomycin liniment (5%) and wiped. The decoction is inserted into the vagina up to the cervix using a speculum. Drain after 5 minutes and insert a tampon for 30 minutes. Baths are carried out daily. Course of 5-10 procedures.

Physiotherapy for the treatment of gonorrhea

Chronic course of the disease and complications are carried out:

1. Paraffin therapy. The paraffin is melted to a temperature of 44-48°C and applications/compresses with a paraffin layer thickness of 2-3 cm are applied to the pubic area on gauze napkins in several layers (8-10), covered with wax paper and cotton wool on top. Leave for up to 25 minutes, perform daily. Course – 15-20 procedures.
2. Ozocerite therapy. Gonorrheal epididymitis, chronic prostatitis and inflammatory processes in the upper genital organs are treated by applying ozokerite (mountain wax) cakes, after lubricating the skin with Vaseline. A gauze pad soaked in liquid ozokerite is applied daily or every other day. Course – 15-20 procedures.
3. Mud therapy: applications, tampons and baths. Carry out every other day or every 2 days, the 3rd day is a break. Mud temperature is 40-46°C. Course – 15-18 procedures.
4. Diathermy. High-frequency current and small electrodes are used to heat deep-lying tissues. The procedure accelerates tissue regeneration, blood flow, lymphatic drainage, and resolves infiltrates and effusion. Spend 15-30 minutes daily at a current strength of 0.5-0.7A. Course – 10 days.
5. Inductothermy using a high frequency alternating electromagnetic field. The procedures are carried out daily for 30-40 minutes, with a course of 15-20 sessions.
6. Electrophoresis. Medicines: potassium iodide or calcium chloride is administered under direct current for 15-30 minutes daily or every other day. Course – 10-15 sessions.
7. UHF therapy. It has a hypotensive, bactericidal, bacteriostatic, absorbable and anti-inflammatory effect:

• UHF on the epididymis is carried out for 15 minutes daily, the course is 6-10 sessions;
• in the prostate area, UHF lasts 15 minutes, the course is 6-10 daily sessions;
• on the area of ​​the genitourinary organs in women, UHF is carried out for up to half an hour, the course is 10-15 procedures.

The video in this article provides information about the treatment of gonorrhea with traditional methods and talks about taking smears from the urethra for microflora.

Questions and answers

Hello. What can gonorrhea be confused with? After all, inflammatory diseases have the same symptoms.

Hello. Yes, chlamydia has similar symptoms, increased leukocytosis. Only gonococci can be noticed after examining a general smear, and chlamydia with more precise studies. These two infections can occur simultaneously in 30% of cases, and then they need to be treated with broad-spectrum drugs.

You need to douche with an infusion: squeeze the juice from garlic (5 cloves) into cold water (1 tbsp), let it brew overnight and filter. The solution is used for douching the urethra and vagina, for vaginal tampons at night.

Take 1 tbsp infusion orally. l. 20-30 minutes before meals for 14 days. For infusion, add elecampane root, birch buds, cornflower flowers (1 part each), and 5 parts bearberry to the watch leaf. Steam the collection (1 tbsp) with boiling water (1 tbsp) and let it brew for 2 hours.

Hello. After taking a urethral smear, blood appeared in my urine. Is it dangerous? How should you urinate so that it doesn't hurt? Thanks for the answer.

Hello. Blood appears in men and women, since the test is taken in the same way. Although the procedure lasts 2 minutes, it causes unpleasant sensations: pain, stinging, burning, itching due to the inflammatory process in the urethra.

During the procedure, a small probe is inserted into the urethra to a depth of 2-3 cm. The urethra may bleed for several hours or 2-5 days after the smear, but this is not dangerous for general health. To make urinating less painful, you need to release a small portion of urine first, after the burning and pain disappears, after a few seconds you need to release the rest of the urine.

Hello. What medicinal herbs can be used for douching, washing, tamponing?

Hello. For this purpose, you can use the roots and grass of larkspur, for baths - calamus rhizomes, you can take a mass of crushed walnuts (300 g), garlic (100 g), steamed and mashed, ground dill seeds (50 g) and honey. (1 kg). Eat 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day 2 hours after eating.

conclusions

After a thorough diagnosis, treatment should be strictly carried out according to the regimens prescribed by the doctor. You cannot ignore physiotherapeutic treatment, herbal remedies, or interrupt courses of therapy in order to exclude complex complications such as infertility, prostatitis, miscarriages, and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary organs.