Basal (rectal) temperature is the temperature measured in anus women, reflects fluctuations associated with changes in tissue reactions of the internal genital organs depending on the production of certain hormones. These temperature fluctuations are local and do not affect the temperature measured in e.g. armpit or in the mouth. However, a general increase in temperature as a result of illness, overheating, etc. naturally affects the BT indicators and makes them unreliable.
Therefore, the RULES FOR BT MEASUREMENT are quite strict:
1. The temperature must be changed at approximately the same time on weekdays and holidays.
2. You should prepare a medical thermometer in advance and place it in close proximity to the bed.
3. Without getting up, without sitting down, without being particularly active in bed, take a thermometer and insert its narrow part into the anus.
4. Lie still for 5 minutes.
5. Remove the thermometer and record the reading in the table.
This is a form for making individual schedule Basal temperature measurements:
Schedule basal temperature, the template of which can be downloaded on our website, helps girls in identifying the most favorable moment for conception. Let's consider the principles of filling it out and the rules for taking measurements.
Rules for filling out the template
Basal temperature is the lowest body temperature reached at rest. It is measured in three ways: in oral cavity, in the vagina or rectum. It is believed that rectal measurement is more relevant.
For the readings to be true, you need to measure the temperature with one thermometer and one method. That is, having started taking measurements in the rectum, there is no need to switch to another option.
You need to keep a chart of your basal temperature on a form, guided by the following principles:
- Start measurements from the first day of menstruation, i.e. from the beginning of the cycle.
- Take the measurement in the morning without getting up.
- Prepare the thermometer in the evening and place it nearby so that there is no need to get up for it. As we remember, any bodily movement is contraindicated, because... distorts the result.
- Mark the result shown by the thermometer on the graph by placing a dot at the desired intersection: cycle day - temperature.
- Connect the marked points together to form a curve.
You need to start taking measurements 3-4 months before the planned conception in order to understand your normal indicators, because they may differ from the standard. Each cycle must be reflected on a separate form. This makes it easy to compare them with each other.
Our template will be convenient for every girl, even with the longest cycle, because it is designed for 45 days with a maximum cycle of 35 days. It also includes a wide temperature range of 35.9-38.1°C, which will allow you to track any atypical condition.
Explanation of the graph: temperature standards
There are standards for each stage of the cycle that you need to focus on:
- Follicular phase. Lasts 11-17 days, characterized by the maturation of the egg. The temperature is between 36.2-36.5°C.
- Ovulation. Lasts 2-3 days. On the eve of follicle rupture, the temperature drops, and at the moment the egg is released, it increases by 0.4-0.6°C. The “peaks” are clearly visible on the graph.
- Luteal phase. Lasts 14 days. Progesterone is produced, which is responsible for fertilization and the normal course of pregnancy. Elevated temperature – 37.0-37.5°C. Before menstruation, there is a gradual decline - by 0.3-0.5°C. Upon successful conception increased performance lasts throughout pregnancy.
Conclusion
After printing out the basal temperature chart (template) and making observations, you need to put notes below under the corresponding dates with the reasons that may affect the change in temperature: drinking alcohol, colds, stress, sexual intercourse, etc. This will explain the atypical indicator and will not cause concern.
Having figured out what BT is and how to measure it, let's move on to the topic of basal temperature chart. Let's find out how to build it correctly and what can be analyzed based on the results of this graph.
What happens to BT during one cycle
During every menstrual cycle A woman’s BBT changes under the influence of certain hormones.
In the first phase, when the egg grows and matures, estrogen activity predominates. At this stage, BT is considered “low”, and this period is called hypothermic. A day or two before the onset of BT reaches its lowest value (36.7-36.9).
When ovulation occurs, the corpus luteum begins to work at the site of the ruptured follicle, which produces the pregnancy hormone progesterone. It affects the thermoregulation structures and BT begins to increase.
After the release of the egg, the second half of the menstrual cycle begins, the stage of “high” temperature or hyperthermic rise of the curve. It is characterized by low values.
The temperature difference between these two periods can be 0.5-1 degrees. During bleeding during menstruation, BT fluctuates within 37 degrees, and then begins to decrease and this two-phase cycle repeats again.
The figure shows what a normal basal temperature graph looks like.
How to create such a schedule yourself
In order to draw a graph, the patient will need a special form or a pre-prepared template, where she will enter the results obtained daily. You can print such a template by downloading it from the Internet, or draw it yourself by hand.
The figure shows what a template for plotting a graph looks like.
Every day at the same time in the morning, a woman takes BBT measurements and records them in this table. The table takes into account not only the measurement results; additional information must be entered in a separate column about what could have caused an unscheduled increase or decrease in BT, for example, alcohol intake or a viral infection.
After completing one cycle, the woman connects the points obtained and, together with a specialist, analyzes the results of the graph.
Important! Considering that even normally a woman experiences anovulatory cycles, BBT measurements should be carried out for at least 3-4 months in a row to monitor the dynamics of the process.
How to Evaluate Basal Temperature Charts
Let us recall once again what the calendar of an ideal two-phase schedule looks like.
Now let’s look at examples of various deviations from the norm in the first and second phases and find out what they can mean.
Lack of estrogen and progesterone
In these situations, in the second phase there is either no increase in the curve or it is very weak by 0.3-0.4 degrees.
If such results are constantly recorded, then this may indicate a problem in the body, which leads to secondary infertility.
Important! A woman can conceive a child even with this pathology, but low progesterone levels can cause spontaneous miscarriage. Therefore, even pregnant women should understand their BT schedule.
Insufficiency of the second phase in the II-phase cycle
A calendar with such a schedule is characterized by a short second period, and the curve of the schedule begins to rise only before menstrual bleeding. This happens when progesterone production is disrupted.
Anovulatory cycle
It is characterized by the absence of changes in the graph curve in both the first and second phases. The egg does not leave the follicle and, accordingly, conceiving a baby is impossible.
Normally, once a year or less often a woman may experience this situation, but its repetition for several months in a row indicates the presence of pathology in the body.
Atypical curve graphics
The calendar shows the ups and downs of the graph curve, which are not typical for any type. It happens when and under the influence of random causes (virus, medications, etc.).
What causes high temperature in the first phase
We found out that the first period is a phase low values(36.7-36.9), consider in what situations a deviation from the norm may be observed:
- failure female hormones(estrogens). At this time, estrogens have a predominant effect. If their synthesis is reduced, then in the first phase BT may rise above the usual values, and in the second phase it continues to increase and remains at an elevated level as progesterone begins to work;
- inflammatory processes in the ovaries. Inflammation can cause an abnormally high curve in the first phase. It is very easy to miss on a graph like this because the rise in temperature due to inflammation is mistakenly confused with ovulation, and then the true temperature peak during ovulation is missed. The picture shows what this might look like;
- inflammation of the lining of the uterus (endometriosis). This process is characterized by the absence of a decrease in temperature after menstrual bleeding, and it continues to remain at a high level (37.1-37.3). The first period begins with an elevated temperature, which gradually decreases and rises again at the time of ovulation;
- during pregnancy. If the egg has been fertilized successfully, the corpus luteum continues to intensively produce progesterone, which maintains a high temperature at the time when, according to calculations, the first period should begin. Measurements of an increase in BT in the first phase are accompanied by a delay in menstrual bleeding.
Important! One-time increases or decreases in temperature are unlikely to signal inflammation. It cannot begin and end in one day. Such errors are most likely due to incorrect measurement of BT or other random reasons.
Why is there low temperature in phase II?
The second phase, unlike the first, is considered a period of high temperature values (37.1-37.3 degrees). Let's look at when BT does not increase in the second phase:
Correct construction and analysis of BT charts helps to suspect the presence of various pathological processes and calculate the time of attack auspicious days for conception. This research method is simple, but diagnostically inaccurate, so if you have any doubts, you should consult a doctor for additional examination
Basal temperature is the temperature measured in the morning from 7.00 to 7.30, after at least 8 hours of sleep, for 10 minutes, with a previously prepared mercury thermometer (thermometer), without getting out of bed, without opening the eyes, in the vagina or anus (rectum).
Basal temperature is important indicator hormonal levels and basal metabolism (metabolism at rest).
The purposes of measuring basal temperature (thermometry) and maintaining a graph of basal temperature:
- Determination of favorable and unfavorable days for conception (pregnancy).
- Indirect determination of hormonal levels during pregnancy and outside of pregnancy for subsequent in-depth hormonal examination if necessary.
Any disturbance of the subjective state - rhinitis (runny nose), pain various localizations and reasons, etc., the state of a hangover, ill health, late rising or going to bed, replacement of a thermometer (thermometer) - should be noted in the temperature sheet (on the basal temperature chart), because These factors can change the temperature curve.
With a normal menstrual cycle (with a sufficient level and correct ratio of hormones, with ovulation (release of the egg) the basal temperature curve has two clearly defined phases of equal duration: a phase of relatively low temperature (below 37.0°C) and a phase of relatively high temperature (above 37.0°C).
The amplitude (difference) between phases in the ovulatory (with the release of an egg) menstrual cycle is 0.4-0.6 ° C during the day. A slight amplitude (0.1 - 0.2°C) indicates the absence of ovulation or a violation of the technique for measuring basal temperature.
1-2 days before the onset of menstruation, hyperthermic (relatively high) temperature usually decreases (see Chart 1).
Most authors believe that ovulation occurs at a minimum (lowest basal temperature) or at the beginning of a progressive rise in the basal temperature curve, although fluctuations within 3-4 days are possible in relation to the temperature curve.
It is these 3 days from the moment of rise (increase) in basal temperature that are most favorable for conception. If you do not want to get pregnant during these 3 days, it is recommended to abstain from sexual intercourse without contraception (protection).
In some cases, ovulation can occur at a monophasic basal temperature and be absent, despite an increase in basal temperature in the second phase of the meno-ovarian cycle.
In the summer months, ovulation often occurs in the morning, in the winter months - in the evening.
U healthy woman 18-35 years old with a regular menstrual cycle can be 1-2 anovulatory (without release of the egg) cycle in year. A healthy woman 36-40 years old can have 2-3 anovulatory cycles per year.
A slow or stepwise rise in the basal temperature curve indicates insufficient progesterone production by the ovaries (see Graph 2).
A monophasic hypothermic basal temperature curve is characteristic of the absence of ovulation (egg release); see Chart 3.
The graph of basal temperature during pregnancy in the case of a sufficient level of progesterone (a hormone that ensures favorable pregnancy) from the first days of pregnancy (even before the delay of menstruation) is characterized by a monophasic hyperthermic curve: basal temperature during pregnancy fluctuates between 37.0 - 37.3 ° C, without falling below 37.0°C.
A decrease in basal temperature during pregnancy below 37.0°C indicates a decrease in the level (content) of progesterone in the blood and is one of early signs threats of abortion.
It is advisable to measure basal temperature during pregnancy in order to monitor (observe and identify) early signs of a threatened miscarriage at least before 12 weeks of pregnancy. Further measurement of basal temperature also has diagnostic value.
It is necessary to take into account that acute and chronic diseases in the acute stage cause an increase in basal temperature (see Chart 4).
If the basal metabolism is disturbed (metabolism at rest), the temperature curve, remaining biphasic, can shift upward relative to 37°C - with an increase in function thyroid gland(see Graph 5), or down - with a decrease in thyroid function (see Graph 6).
Thus, basal temperature, which mainly characterizes the activity of the ovaries, may be an indicator of dysfunction at other levels of regulation of the menstrual cycle.
Graph 1. NORMAL BASAL TEMPERATURE CURVE |
Chart 2. BASAL TEMPERATURE SCHEDULE FOR INSUFFICIENT PROGESTERONE PRODUCTION |
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Graph 3. SINGLE-PHASE BASAL TEMPERATURE CURVE |
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Chart 4. BASAL TEMPERATURE SCHEDULE FOR FLU |
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Graph 5. HYPERTHERMIC BASAL TEMPERATURE CURVE |
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Graph 6. HYPOTHERMIC BASAL TEMPERATURE CURVE |
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Method of measuring basal temperature
Basal temperature is measured only! in the morning from 7.00 to 7.30 after at least 8 hours of sleep, for 10 minutes, with a previously prepared mercury thermometer (thermometer), without getting out of bed (i.e. before visiting the toilet), without opening your eyes, in the vagina or anus (rectum).
To obtain representative (adequate) data, it is necessary to conduct thermometry always uniform: either in the vagina or in the anus.
The use of an electronic thermometer is not recommended.
When measuring basal temperature earlier than 7.00 and later than 7.30, insufficient duration of night sleep (less than 8 hours), late going to bed (after 23.00), restless sleep with awakenings and/or visits to the toilet, or sleeping in a stuffy (hot) room, the duration of thermometry less than 10 minutes, the presence of infectious and inflammatory diseases and pain of any localization, the basal temperature is not representative (indicative), i.e. Basal thermometry data cannot be taken into account when analyzing the basal temperature chart.
Basal temperature can be significantly affected by psycho-emotional stress, insolation (sunbathing and solariums), heat stroke, physical activity, partying the night before, drinking alcohol, intense sexual intercourse, sleeping in an awkward position, etc.
In order to obtain representative basal temperature data for determining what is favorable and unfavorable for conception (pregnancy) days must be maintained basal temperature chart at least three months, noting on the chart symbols or handwritten notes of the nature and amount of discharge from the genital tract, changes in daily routine, sexual activity (sexual intercourse), changes in subjective state (pain, runny nose, flu, acute respiratory infections, sore throat and other changes in health status).
Questions and answers
Question: I have basal temperature decreases on the first day of your period, not before it starts. Is this normal or is this pregnancy that does not continue? At the same time, menstruation begins on time. K.Kh., Cherkessk.
Answer: A decrease in basal temperature on the first day of menstruation indicates high content progesterone until the last day of the cycle, which is good indicator. However, as you correctly noted, this can also be the case spontaneous miscarriages type menstrual abortion.
If you suspect spontaneous miscarriages on days 24 and 27 of the menstrual cycle, it is advisable to conduct a blood test for the content of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
Question: Is it possible to get pregnant through intimate intimacy (sexual intercourse) without protection 2-3 days before the onset of menstruation? I have been measuring my basal temperature for 7 months now and ovulation is always on the 14th day. O.Sh., Nalchik.
Answer: There is the Coolidge phenomenon, according to which an egg can leave the ovary and be fertilized not only in standard days of ovulation, but also with severe irritation of the cervix even during the premenstrual and menstrual periods. This explains “unplanned pregnancies” in 5% of women.
Question: Is ovulation possible at a monophasic temperature?
Answer: In some cases, ovulation can occur at a monophasic basal temperature, which is explained by the Coolidge phenomenon.
Question: I'm very afraid of getting pregnant. My boyfriend says that it is impossible to get pregnant during menstruation. This is true? Z.K., Karachaevsk.
Answer: Chance get pregnant during menstruation, given the Coolidge phenomenon, is indeed quite low.
Question: What does the small difference in basal temperature of the first and second phases indicate? (1 - 36.6, 2 - 36.7) In the last cycle - signs of miscarriage, in this cycle ovulation(test “x”) was at 17 d.c. and how does it feel too? M.N., Stavropol.
Answer: With a positive ovulation test, a small amplitude of basal temperature indicates errors (violation of the method) of thermometry.
Question: My cycle has always been 26 days, my periods came like clockwork, day after day. I measure my basal temperature and it has always matched my cycle. But this time the temperature sharply increased by 0.3 degrees on the 20th day of the cycle and stayed for 3 days (pregnancy test was negative). Then the temperature dropped by 0.3 degrees, the next day it rose again, and then my period started. I had my period for 2 days with a temperature of 37, then the temperature subsided as expected. Please tell me what it could be and could there be ovulation on the 20th day of the cycle? V.I., Pyatigorsk.
Answer: Ovulation on day 20 of the cycle is possible. In this case, the duration of phase II of the menstrual cycle may increase (the norm is 13-14 days), which is what happened in your case. The reasons for this episode should be discussed with your doctor.
Measuring basal temperature has become a truly popular means of pregnancy planning.
Why measure basal temperature
Basal or rectal temperature (BT)– This is the body temperature at rest after at least 3-6 hours of sleep, the temperature is measured in the mouth, rectum or vagina. The temperature measured at this moment is practically not affected by environmental factors. Experience shows that many women perceive the doctor’s demands to measure basal temperature as a formality and basal temperature does not solve anything, but this is far from the case.
The method of measuring basal body temperature was developed in 1953 by the English professor Marshall and refers to research techniques that are based on the biological effect of sex hormones, namely on the hyperthermic (increase in temperature) action of progesterone on the thermoregulation center. Measuring basal body temperature is one of the main tests functional diagnostics work of the ovaries. Based on the results of measuring BT, a graph is constructed; an analysis of basal temperature graphs is given below.
Measuring basal temperature and charting is recommended in gynecology in the following cases:
If you have been trying to get pregnant for a year without success
If you suspect yourself or your partner is infertile
If your gynecologist suspects you have hormonal disorders
In addition to the above cases, when charting basal body temperature is recommended by a gynecologist, you can measure basal body temperature if:
Do you want to increase your chances of pregnancy?
You are experimenting with methods of planning the gender of your child
You want to observe your body and understand the processes taking place in it (this can help you communicate with specialists)
Experience shows that many women perceive the doctor’s demands to measure basal temperature as a formality and it does not solve anything.
In fact, by measuring your basal body temperature, you and your doctor can find out:
Does the egg mature and when does this happen (accordingly, highlight “dangerous” days for the purpose of protection or, conversely, the possibility of getting pregnant);
Did ovulation occur after the egg matured?
Determine the quality of your work endocrine system
Suspect gynecological problems, such as endometritis
When to expect your next menstruation
Whether pregnancy occurred due to delay or unusual menstruation;
Assess how correctly the ovaries secrete hormones according to the phases of the menstrual cycle;
A graph of basal temperature, drawn up according to all measurement rules, can show not only the presence of ovulation in a cycle or its absence, but also indicate diseases of the reproductive and endocrine systems. You must measure your basal temperature for at least 3 cycles so that the information accumulated during this time allows you to make accurate predictions about the expected date of ovulation and the most favorable time of conception, as well as conclusions about hormonal disorders. Only a gynecologist can give an accurate assessment of your basal temperature chart. Drawing up a basal temperature chart can help a gynecologist determine deviations in the cycle and suggest the absence of ovulation, but at the same time, the gynecologist makes a diagnosis only and exclusively based on the appearance of the basal temperature chart without additional tests and examinations most often indicate medical unprofessionalism.
It is necessary to measure the basal temperature, and not the body temperature at the armpit. General increase temperature as a result of illness, overheating, physical activity, eating, stress, naturally affects the basal temperature indicators and makes them unreliable.
Thermometer for measuring basal temperature.
You will need a regular medical thermometer: mercury or electronic. Using a mercury thermometer, measure your basal temperature for five minutes. electronic thermometer it must be removed after the signal about the end of the measurement. After it squeaks, the temperature will continue to rise for some time, since the thermometer records the moment when the temperature rises above very slowly (and don’t listen to the nonsense about the thermometer not being in good contact with the muscles of the anus). The thermometer must be prepared in advance, in the evening, by placing it next to the bed. Do not place mercury thermometers under your pillow!
Rules for measuring basal temperature.
.High basal temperature in the first phase
The basal temperature chart is divided into the first and second phases. The division takes place where the ovulation line (vertical line) is marked. Accordingly, the first phase of the cycle is the segment of the graph before ovulation, and the second phase of the cycle is after ovulation.
Estrogen deficiency
In the first phase of the cycle, the hormone estrogen dominates in the female body. Under the influence of this hormone, the basal temperature before ovulation averages between 36.2 and 36.5 degrees. If the temperature in the first phase rises and remains above this level, then estrogen deficiency can be assumed. In this case, the average temperature of the first phase rises to 36.5 - 36.8 degrees and is maintained at this level. To increase estrogen levels, gynecologists-endocrinologists will prescribe hormonal medications.
Estrogen deficiency also leads to elevated temperature in the second phase of the cycle (above 37.1 degrees), while the rise in temperature is slower and takes more than 3 days.
Using the example graph, the temperature in the first phase is above 37.0 degrees, in the second phase it rises to 37.5, the rise in temperature by 0.2 degrees on days 17 and 18 of the cycle is insignificant. Fertilization in a cycle with such a schedule is very problematic.
Inflammation of the appendages
Another reason for the increase in temperature in the first phase may be inflammation of the appendages. In this case, the temperature rises only for a few days in the first phase to 37 degrees, and then drops again. In such graphs, calculating ovulation is difficult, since such a rise “masks” the ovulatory rise.
In the example graph, the temperature in the first phase of the cycle is kept at 37.0 degrees, the increase occurs sharply and also decreases sharply. A rise in temperature on the 6th day of the cycle can be mistakenly taken for an ovulatory rise, but in fact it most likely indicates inflammation. That's why it's so important to measure your temperature throughout your cycle to rule out a scenario where your temperature rises due to inflammation, then drops again, and then rises due to ovulation.
Endometritis
Normally, the temperature in the first phase should decrease during menstrual bleeding. If your temperature at the end of the cycle drops before the start of menstruation and rises again to 37.0 degrees with the beginning of menstruation (less often on the 2-3rd day of the cycle), then this may indicate the presence of endometritis.
Characteristically, the temperature drops before menstruation and rises with the beginning of the next cycle. If there is no drop in temperature before the start of menstruation in the first cycle, i.e. the temperature remains at this level, then pregnancy can be assumed, despite the bleeding that has begun. Take a pregnancy test and contact a gynecologist who will perform an ultrasound to make an accurate diagnosis.
If the basal temperature in the first phase rises sharply for one day, then this does not mean anything. Inflammation of the appendages cannot begin and end in one day. Also, a lack of estrogen can only be assumed by assessing the entire graph, and not a separate temperature in the first phase. For diseases accompanied by high or elevated temperature body, measuring basal temperature, much less judging its character and analyzing the graph, makes no sense.
Low temperature in the second phase of the menstrual cycle
In the second phase of the cycle, the basal temperature should differ significantly (by about 0.4 degrees) from the first phase and be at 37.0 degrees or higher if you measure the temperature rectally. If the temperature difference is less than 0.4 degrees and the average temperature of the second phase does not reach 36.8 degrees, then this may indicate problems.
Corpus luteum deficiency
In the second phase of the cycle, the female body begins to produce the hormone progesterone or the hormone corpus luteum. This hormone is responsible for raising the temperature in the second phase of the cycle and preventing the onset of menstruation. If this hormone is not enough, the temperature rises slowly and the resulting pregnancy may be in jeopardy.
The temperature with corpus luteum deficiency rises shortly before menstruation, and there is no “premenstrual” drop. This may indicate hormonal deficiency. The diagnosis is made based on a blood test for progesterone in the second phase of the cycle. If its values are reduced, then the gynecologist usually prescribes a progesterone substitute: utrozhestan or duphaston. These drugs are taken strictly after ovulation. If pregnancy occurs, use continues until 10-12 weeks. Abrupt withdrawal of progesterone in the second phase during pregnancy can lead to the threat of termination of pregnancy.
Particular attention should be paid to charts with a short second phase. If the second phase is shorter than 10 days, then one can also judge that the second phase is insufficient.
Situations when the basal temperature remains elevated for more than 14 days occur during pregnancy, the formation of an ovarian corpus luteum cyst, as well as during acute inflammatory process pelvic organs.
Estrogen-progesterone deficiency
If, in combination with low temperature in the second phase, your chart shows a slight rise in temperature (0.2-0.3 C) after ovulation, then such a curve may indicate not only a lack of progesterone, but also a lack of the hormone estrogen.
When stimulating ovulation, in particular with clomiphene (clostilbegit) with the use of duphaston in the second phase of breast cancer, the basal temperature graph, as a rule, becomes “normal” - two-phase, with a pronounced phase transition, with a fairly high temperature in the second phase, with characteristic “steps” (temperature rises 2 times) and slight depression. If the temperature graph during stimulation, on the contrary, is disrupted and deviates from normal, this may indicate an incorrect selection of the dose of drugs or an inappropriate stimulation scenario (other medications may be needed). An increase in temperature in the first phase upon stimulation with clomiphene also occurs with individual sensitivity to the drug.
Special cases of basal temperature chart
Low or heat in both phases, provided that the temperature difference is at least 0.4 degrees, is not a pathology. This individual feature body. The measurement method can also affect the temperature values. Typically, with an oral measurement, the basal temperature is 0.2 degrees lower than with a rectal or vaginal measurement.
When to contact a gynecologist?
If you strictly follow the rules for measuring temperature and observe the described problems on your basal temperature chart in at least 2 cycles in a row, consult a doctor for additional examinations. Beware of your gynecologist making diagnoses based solely on charts. What you need to pay attention to:
anovulatory schedules
regular cycle delays when pregnancy does not occur
late ovulation and failure to become pregnant for several cycles
controversial charts with unclear ovulation
graphs with high temperature throughout the cycle
graphs with low temperature throughout the cycle
schedules with a short (less than 10 days) second phase
graphs with high temperature in the second phase of the cycle for more than 18 days, without the onset of menstruation and negative test for pregnancy
unexplained bleeding or heavy discharge mid-cycle
heavy menstruation lasting more than 5 days
graphs with a temperature difference in the first and second phases of less than 0.4 degrees
cycles shorter than 21 days or longer than 35 days
charts with clearly defined ovulation, regular intercourse during ovulation and no pregnancy occurring for several cycles
Signs of probable infertility according to the basal temperature chart:
The average value of the second phase of the cycle (after the temperature rise) exceeds the average value of the first phase by less than 0.4°C.
In the second phase of the cycle, there are temperature drops (the temperature drops below 37°C).
The rise in temperature in the middle of the cycle continues for more than 3 to 4 days.
The second phase is short (less than 8 days).
Determining pregnancy by basal temperature
The method of determining pregnancy by basal temperature works provided there is ovulation in the cycle, since with some health problems the basal temperature can be elevated for an arbitrarily long time, and menstruation may be absent. A striking example Such a disorder is hyperprolactinemia, caused by increased production of the hormone prolactin by the pituitary gland. Prolactin is responsible for maintaining pregnancy and lactation and is normally elevated only during pregnancy and lactation (see Examples of graphs for normal conditions and various disorders).
Fluctuations in basal temperature in different phases of the menstrual cycle are due to different levels of hormones responsible for phases 1 and 2.
During menstruation, basal temperature is always elevated (about 37.0 and above). In the first phase of the cycle (follicular) before ovulation, the basal temperature is low, up to 37.0 degrees.
Before ovulation, basal temperature decreases, and immediately after ovulation it increases by 0.4 - 0.5 degrees and remains elevated until the next menstruation.
In women with different lengths of the menstrual cycle, the duration of the follicular phase is different, and the length of the luteal (second) phase of the cycle is approximately the same and does not exceed 12-14 days. Thus, if the basal temperature after the jump (which indicates ovulation) remains elevated for more than 14 days, this clearly indicates pregnancy.
This method of determining pregnancy works provided there is ovulation in the cycle, since with some health problems the basal temperature can be elevated for an arbitrarily long time, and menstruation may be absent. A striking example of such a disorder is hyperprolactinemia, caused by increased production of the hormone prolactin by the pituitary gland. Prolactin is responsible for maintaining pregnancy and lactation and is normally elevated only during pregnancy and lactation.
If a woman is pregnant, then menstruation will not occur and the temperature will remain elevated throughout pregnancy. A decrease in basal temperature during pregnancy may indicate a lack of hormones that maintain pregnancy and the threat of its termination.
When pregnancy occurs, in most cases, implantation occurs 7-10 days after ovulation - the introduction of a fertilized egg into the endometrium (the inner lining of the uterus). In rare cases, early (before 7 days) or late (after 10 days) implantation is observed. Unfortunately, it is impossible to reliably determine the presence or absence of implantation either on the basis of a chart or with the help of ultrasound at an appointment with a gynecologist. However, there are several signs that may indicate implantation has taken place. All these signs can be detected 7-10 days after ovulation:
It is possible that small discharge appears these days, which disappears within 1-2 days. This may be so-called implantation bleeding. At the moment of implantation of the egg into inner shell uterus, the endometrium is damaged, which leads to minor discharge. But if you experience regular discharge in the middle of the cycle, and pregnancy does not occur, then you should contact a gynecology center.
A sharp decline temperature to the midline level for one day in the second phase, the so-called implantation retraction. This is one of the signs most often observed in charts with confirmed pregnancy. This retraction can occur for two reasons. Firstly, the production of the hormone progesterone, which is responsible for raising the temperature, begins to decrease from the middle of the second phase; with pregnancy, its production resumes again, which leads to temperature fluctuations. Secondly, during pregnancy, the hormone estrogen is released, which in turn lowers the temperature. The combination of these two hormonal shifts leads to the appearance of implantation retraction on the graph.
Your chart has become three-phase, which means that you see a rise in temperature on the chart, similar to ovulation, during the second phase of the cycle. This rise is again due to the increased production of the hormone progesterone after implantation.
The example graph shows implantation retraction on the 21st day of the cycle and the presence of the third phase, starting from the 26th day of the cycle.
Early signs of pregnancy such as nausea, chest tightness, frequent urination, intestinal upset or just the feeling of pregnancy also do not provide an accurate answer. You may not be pregnant if you have all of these signs, or you may be pregnant without any symptoms.
All these signs can be a confirmation of pregnancy, but you should not rely on them, since there are many examples in which the signs were present, but pregnancy did not occur. Or, conversely, when pregnancy occurred there were no signs. The most reliable conclusions can be drawn if there is a clear rise in temperature on your chart, you had sexual intercourse 1-2 days before or during ovulation, and your temperature remains high 14 days after ovulation. In this case, the time has come to take a pregnancy test, which will finally confirm your expectations.
Measuring basal temperature is one of the main methods of tracking fertility, recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO). You can read more about this in the WHO document “Medical eligibility criteria for the use of contraceptive methods” page 117.
When using the basal temperature method to protect against... unwanted pregnancy, you need to take into account that not only the days of ovulation according to the basal temperature schedule can be dangerous. Therefore, during the period from the beginning of menstruation until the evening of the 3rd day after the rise in basal temperature, which occurs after ovulation, it is better to use additional measures to prevent unwanted pregnancy.
Our regular reader, Natalya Gorshkova, has compiled a form for you to quickly fill out and automatically plot your basal temperature chart, which you can print out and show to your doctor. You can download it from the link: .
Graphs are discussed at
Attention! Making any diagnoses based solely on basal temperature charts is impossible. Diagnoses are made based on additional examinations performed by a gynecologist.
- under each day you can make notes (discharge, menstruation, sexual intercourse, results of ovulation and pregnancy tests, taking pills),
- Under the chart you can keep a diary for the entire cycle, you can also post photos there
I like the program on the Babyplan website most of all.
Program:
Calculates the probability of pregnancy as a percentage,
Shows similar graphs,
Days of probable ovulation and cycle length (except for the first cycle) are automatically calculated.
On the site you will also find a gallery with positive tests and lying tests, photos of pregnant bellies and ultrasound images, you can look at the BT charts of other users, make friends and contact the forum with any questions related to planning and pregnancy.
Here on this site - http://www.eovulation.ru/ovulation-calendar-online/ - you can calculate your ovulation (approximate date) by entering the average length of your menstrual cycle and the date of your last period.
You can build such a schedule on the website babyplan.ru or www.my-bt.ru. In the video you can see instructions on how to compile it, that is, how to use the program. And you can learn to understand the meaning of the graph by following the link on the same site or.
Here you can plot your basal temperature:
Here you can learn a lot about charts:
http://mamochka-club.com/bt/ here is a good site
It is better to chart your basal temperature from the first day of the menstrual cycle, i.e. from the first day of your period. Rectal temperature is measured daily in the morning and recorded in the basal temperature chart (a dot is placed at the level of the temperature value). It is necessary to record the current date on the basal temperature (BT) chart. The construction of a basal temperature chart should be continued until the start of the next menstruation. After the start of the next menstruation, start building a new BT schedule.
There is a good website where you can plot your basal temperature and then watch the graph of changes. Also on this site you can read about how to draw up this schedule correctly. Website my-bt.ru
You can plot your basal temperature online without registration at pinkcalendar.com. You can read about decoding here. But to build a graph and get a transcript of it, I found only a paid program. On the sites above, everything is clear and easily written about decryption, and you can easily do it yourself without purchasing paid programs.
He has access to web pages that allow you to plot your basal temperature:
http://pinkcalendar.com/index.php?action=basal_temperature
http://ovulation.org.ua/forum/topic5941.html
A correctly constructed basal temperature (BT) chart allows you to determine the day of ovulation, and will also help identify its absence or other gynecological problems, if any.
Ovulation line. The onset of ovulation can be determined using the WHO method. You should take points on the chart for the last 9 days. Find the most great importance basal temperature for the first 6 days of the selected period and draw a horizontal line through this point. If the temperature is above three last days of the selected period was above this line and at least two points lie 0.1 o C higher than this line, then this indicates the onset of ovulation. The ovulation line passes on the day the temperature begins to rise. Optimal time for conception - the day of ovulation, two days before and after it. If BT is high in the first phase of the cycle, then it will not be possible to determine ovulation using the WHO method. If you measure your BBT for three months, you can then determine which day of the cycle you ovulate. This will allow you to calculate in advance the most favorable period for conception.
Menstrual cycle length Normally it is 21–35 days. The duration of the first phase can vary greatly, which is the individual norm. However, in a healthy woman, the first and second phases last approximately the same number of days. If cycles are longer than 35 days or shorter than 21 days, or one phase is noticeably shorter than the other, there is a possibility of ovarian dysfunction. The reasons for the malfunction of the ovaries can be very different, so if a woman measures her BT in order to become pregnant, then in such a situation she should visit a gynecologist and discuss the problem with him.
Second phase length(after ovulation). The second phase begins after ovulation, it is marked on the graph with a vertical line). The second phase of the cycle lasts 12–16 days. If over several cycles the length of the second phase is less than 10 days, you should consult a gynecologist.
Temperature difference the first and second phases should average 0.4 degrees. If the indicator is lower, then this indicates hormonal problems. It is necessary to take a blood test for estrogen and progesterone.
How to determine pregnancy by BT
Daily measurement of BT allows you to determine pregnancy at early stages, when pharmacy tests do not yet work. However, it is possible to accurately establish the fact of pregnancy only if the previous three months of indicators were reflected daily in the basal body temperature chart. Normally, on the day of ovulation, BT increases from 36.3-36.6°C to 37.0-37.3°C. It stays at this level for more than seven days, dropping only 3-4 days before menstruation. If 1-2 days before the expected date of menstruation the temperature has not decreased, we can talk about pregnancy.
Anovulatory cycle
If ovulation does not occur, then the basal temperature throughout the entire cycle is in the range of 36.5–36.9 0 C. The graph of basal temperature during an anovulatory cycle is not a horizontal line. Rather, it will resemble a saw - the temperature is different days may either increase by 0.1-0.3 C or decrease. Several anovulatory cycles per year are considered acceptable. However, if the situation repeats itself consistently from cycle to cycle, then this is a reason to visit a gynecologist.
Prolactinemia
With this condition, the level of the hormone prolactin (pituitary hormone) in the blood is increased, which regulates many processes. However, excess prolactin production can interfere with pregnancy. In this case, the basal temperature measurement chart may look the same as the chart of a pregnant woman. Menstruation, as during pregnancy, may be absent.
Estrogen deficiency
Estrogen lowers the temperature during the first phase of the cycle and “sets” the optimal temperature for ovulation - 36.2–36.5 ° C. Therefore, if menstruation has begun and the temperature continues to remain at 37 o C, or during ovulation and in the second phase the temperature “jumps” above 37.1 o C, then the body does not produce enough estrogen, which may be the cause of infertility. The basal temperature chart for estrogen deficiency is predominantly above 37 o C.
Corpus luteum deficiency
During the second phase of the cycle, the body produces the corpus luteum hormone, or progesterone. It is responsible for raising the temperature and preventing the onset of menstruation. Therefore, a too smooth rise in temperature in the second phase of the cycle indicates the need for a progesterone test. If conception has occurred, then if there is a lack of progesterone, pregnancy will be at risk.
If in the second phase of the cycle the rise in temperature is weakly expressed, that is, the difference in temperature in the first and second phases is 0.2-0.3 degrees, then we can talk about estrogen-progesterone insufficiency. If such a schedule of changes in basal temperature is repeated every cycle, then this does not indicate a one-time failure, but serious hormonal disorders. If you receive this type of BT schedule, be sure to visit a gynecologist.
Inflammation of the appendages (ovaries)
An increase in temperature to 37°C in the first phase of the cycle indicates not only the onset of ovulation. The temperature may rise due to inflammation of the appendages. The increase occurs for a couple of days, then there is a decline. In this case, several temperature rises will be observed during one cycle, rather than just one. Using this graph of a woman’s basal temperature, it will not be possible to calculate ovulation. This is why BT should be measured throughout the entire cycle so as not to mistake inflammation of the appendages for ovulation.
Signs of infertility
You can talk about infertility only after unsuccessful attempts to get pregnant within 12 months. Women over 35 years of age are diagnosed with infertility after 6 months of unsuccessful attempts to become pregnant.
Signs of infertility that can be seen on the BBT chart:
- Lack of a regular cycle.
- Lack of ovulation.
- Estrogen deficiency.
- Lack of corpus luteum.
- Estrogen-progesterone deficiency
- Prolactinemia
Previously it was believed that determining possible pregnancy, ovulation or gynecological disease It is possible only after passing a huge number of tests.
Today, such a myth will help dispel a simple basal temperature chart that any woman can independently draw up. He will not give an exact answer, like a doctor, but he will indicate to him and you what is happening with female body. This article will provide graphs of basal temperature with examples and explanations, as well as why basal temperature is needed and what it means.
- when you can’t get pregnant for many months;
- risk of possible infertility;
- hormonal disorders.
In addition, measuring BT helps increase the chances of successful conception and the ability to plan the gender of the child. A template or sample basal temperature chart can be downloaded online.
Many women do not take basal temperature measurement seriously, believing that it is a mere formality that is of no benefit. However, this is not the case. Thanks to the BT readings, the doctor can determine the following points:
- establish how the egg matures;
- determine the ovulatory period;
- approximate date of next menstruation;
- It is not uncommon for BT readings to determine possible endometritis.
It is necessary to measure BT over 3 cycles, this will provide more accurate information about the date of favorable conception. An experienced gynecologist will help you decipher the graph readings. You can also see an example of basal temperature graphs on the Internet online.
Thermometer for measuring BT
For the measurement, one type of thermometer is used; it is not changed during the measurement. Thus, it will be possible to see the norm or deviations on the basal temperature graph.
A mercury thermometer measures the temperature within 4-5 minutes, and an electronic one 2 times faster. Do not forget to wipe the device with an antiseptic before and after each measurement and let it dry before use.
Correct BT measurement
Accurate and effective plotting requires compliance with certain rules:
- BT measurement should be daily, if possible, during menstruation or at the time of respiratory illness;
- Temperature measurements are taken in the rectum, mouth or vagina. The main rule is that the measurement location does not change throughout the entire cycle. Doctors still strongly recommend measuring vaginal temperature. If BT is measured rectally or vaginally, then the narrow part of the device is carefully inserted into the desired location for 3-4 minutes;
- You need to measure BT immediately in the morning after waking up without getting up, this is a strict rule, and at the same time. Measuring basal temperature an hour after sleep or during the day may not give accurate results;
- The measurement is carried out only in a lying position. Therefore, you will need to prepare your thermometer in the evening and place it next to your bed. If you need to go to the toilet, you will also have to wait a couple of minutes here. Excessive activity will give unreliable results;
- After measuring BT, readings are taken immediately. If this was done after 2-5 minutes, then the result is considered invalid;
- keep in mind that intimate relationships in the evening or in the morning, as well as flights, too active sports and colds may incorrectly influence the accuracy of the basal temperature result;
- BT must also be measured after 4 hours of continuous sleep.
BT information table
The table for determining BT should include the following items:
- day of the month, year;
- cycle day;
- measurement result;
- additionally: here you need to indicate all the parameters that can affect BT. These include: vaginal discharge, having sex the day before, manifestation allergic reactions, viral disease, reception medications etc.
A detailed description of these factors will help the doctor most accurately determine the time of conception. If desired, a basal temperature chart can be downloaded from any medical website related to gynecology.
Changes in BT relative to the cycle
Note that BT changes depending on the cycle, or rather its time.
So, during the first phase of the cycle, when only the maturation of the egg occurs, BT is low, gradually dropping to a minimum, then it rises again. The difference between the highest and lowest BT is from 04 to 0.8 degrees.
If measured at the time of menstruation, the temperature will be exactly 37 degrees, and after ovulation ends it rises to 37.1-37.1 under the influence of progesterone.
If the graph showed that BT in the first phase is much higher than in the second, then there is a clear lack of estrogen. You may need an appointment hormonal drugs. In the case when the second phase is characterized by a low temperature in relation to the first, then we are talking about low progesterone.
When both cycles are persistent, this indicates ovulation has occurred. If in the second phase there is no increase in BT, then most likely there was no ovulation, i.e. the egg did not come out.
The BT schedule is quite convenient and modern way determining ovulation, which is an integral part of planning a successful pregnancy. The results of basal temperature will also be useful before going to the gynecologist.
Explanation and examples of BT charts
When the graph is constructed correctly, and the woman followed all the recommendations in its preparation, it allows not only to determine the presence of ovulation, but also possible pathologies genital area.
On the graph you can see an overlapping line that is drawn on top of six temperature values, precisely in the first phase. This is what a normal basal temperature graph looks like, without pathologies or deviations. We do not take into account only those days where the result could be distorted under the influence of taking medications, viral diseases, sexual contact the day before, etc.
Effects of ovulation
To determine ovulation, you need to use standard rules:
pay attention to the midline and 3 BT results, the difference in two out of three cases should be at least 0.1 degrees. If these are the results in the table, then after 1-2 days you will be able to observe a clear ovulation line.
Duration of the second phase
As we found out, the BT graph is divided into two phases, we can see this in the photo above, where the vertical line is located. The normal cycle in the second phase is from 12 to 17 days, but most often 15.
As practice shows, quite often there is a deficiency in phase 2. If you note that this phase is 8-10 days shorter, then this is a serious reason to consult a doctor.
If we talk about the BT norm, then its difference between the first and second phases is about 0.4-0.5 degrees, but no more.
Two-phase cycle and its norm (normal two-phase schedule)
On this chart it is necessary to note an increase in BT by no more than 0.4 degrees.
If you look at the example graph above, you can see that 2 days before ovulation, BT decreases.
Hormonal deficiency: progesterone estrogen
With this deficiency, you will notice a significantly weak rise in BT, and the difference in the first and second phases will be no more than 0.2 degrees. When a similar phenomenon is observed for more than three cycles in a row, then we can talk about serious hormonal imbalances. As for pregnancy itself, it can occur, but at the same time there is also big risk miscarriage.
Also, do not forget about anovulatory cycles. This can happen in a woman’s life up to three times a year. However, if the number of such cycles exceeds 3-4, then this is a serious reason to consult a doctor.
In the graph below you can clearly see the absence of ovulation:
Hormonal deficiency: estrogens
If at the end of the graph, a woman observes large differences in BT, and the line itself is in a chaotic state, then we can talk about a lack of estrogen.
A deficiency of this hormone can also be noticed by an increase in temperature in the second phase to 37.2, sometimes to 37.3.
Note that the increase in temperature is very slow and can last up to 5 days. In this case, it cannot be said that this basal temperature will be perceived by the doctor as normal.
Below in the graph you can see how estrogen deficiency manifests itself.
