Nutraceuticals are used for. Nutraceuticals: what they are and what they eat them with. Distinctive features of dietary supplements of this group

Biologically active food supplements (BAA) are specially designed to help our body. At the same time, dietary supplements are not a cure for diseases or excess weight, but one of the ways to supplement the daily diet with a complex of useful and nutritious substances, most of which the body does not synthesize on its own, but can only obtain from food.

Dietary supplements are traditionally divided into nutraceuticals and parapharmaceuticals. However, at present, such a division can be considered conditional, since most products are complex drugs, that is, they act as nutraceuticals and parapharmaceuticals at the same time.

Nutraceuticals– irreplaceable (essential) nutritional components that protect the body from external and internal risk factors. These are proteins, amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phospholipids, carbohydrates, dietary fiber.

Nutraceuticals are unique in that they can be used daily for an unlimited amount of time along with the products we consume, improving their digestibility and maintaining our health at the highest level. Nutraceuticals are effective means of preventing “diseases of civilization” - diabetes, obesity, immunodeficiency states, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular system, and the musculoskeletal system.

Nutraceuticals are an essential part of food, which do not require special indications for use and have no contraindications. They are used by both sick and healthy people.

Nutraceuticals Company Coral Club– Ultimate, Apricotabs, Children's delicious vitamins, Omega 3/60, Protiviti, Colostrum (FirstFoot), Selenium, Zinc, etc.

The use of nutraceuticals in the daily diet of different population groups (children, young and elderly people, athletes, people with poor health) allows:

– compensate for the lack of essential nutrients in children and adults;

– take into account in the nutrition of each individual person his individual needs, which depend not only on gender, age, but also on the genetically determined characteristics of the metabolism of an individual organism, its biorhythms, environmental living conditions, physiological conditions (emotional stress, physical activity, etc. .);

– ensure that the sick person’s need for nutritional nutrients is maximized;

– increase the body’s protective response from the effects of adverse environmental factors;

– influence enzyme systems, accelerate and enhance the removal and binding of toxins and foreign substances from the body.

Parapharmaceuticals– these are natural remedies that have a targeted physiological effect and are used to prevent various diseases. Composition of parapharmaceuticals– complexes of bioactive substances isolated from plants: glycosides, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, enzymes, organic acids, phytoncides, saponins, essential oils, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, etc.

The vast majority of parapharmaceuticals are safe to use. Compared to medications, they have a beneficial healing effect on the functions of individual organs and systems of the body, with a significantly lower likelihood of side and toxic effects.

In large doses, these dietary supplements are already considered medicines.

Advantages of parapharmaceuticals over drugs:

1. Obtained from medicinal or food plants of an ecological niche;

2. They contain natural water- and fat-soluble complexes of biologically active natural components;

Action parapharmacists carried out in the following areas:

– systems that participate in the development of adaptive reactions of the body are activated;

– the functional activity of individual organs and systems is regulated;

– stimulates the activity of the nervous system, physical and mental performance;

– metabolism is regulated, as well as the motor-evacuation function of the gastrointestinal tract.

Parapharmaceuticals Company Coral Club– Diosin, Ant tree bark, Cat's claw, Herbal sets, Alfalfa, Black walnut leaves, Eyebright, Echinacea, etc.

Complex products – Microhydrin, Bioshape, spirulina products, Fito-Si, Enduro-max, etc.

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Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus

"Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University"

Department of General and Clinical Biochemistry

Abstract on the topic:

"Parapharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals"

Prepared by:

3rd year student, 15th group

Faculty of Pharmacy

Kotovich E.V.

Checked by: Orlova L.G.

Vitebsk 2014

Introduction

Nutraceuticals

Parapharmaceuticals

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

According to experts, people's health depends 12% on the level of healthcare, 18% on genetic predisposition, and 70% on lifestyle, the most important component of which is nutrition.

Medical views, while never generally stable, have been unanimous throughout human history on one thing: the poorer the diet, the more disease there is. Experts say that the human diet today should contain more than 600 different substances (nutrients). Unfortunately, not everyone can afford a balanced diet of all nutrients. This is where biologically active additives (BAA) come to the rescue - concentrates of natural substances isolated from food raw materials of animal (including marine), mineral, plant origin, or substances obtained by chemical synthesis that are identical to natural analogues.

All dietary supplements are divided into three groups:

1. Nutraceuticals

2. Parapharmaceuticals

3. Nutritional supplements

Let's look at nutraceuticals and parapharmaceuticals in more detail.

Nutraceuticals

Nutraceuticals are dietary supplements designed to replenish essential substances (essential nutritional factors) in the body. They are divided into groups:

· nutraceuticals intended for functional nutrition;

· nutraceuticals intended to replenish nutrients, the synthesis of which is weakened for some reason (intestinal dysbiosis, chronic diseases).

The criterion for determining dietary supplements for them is the recommended daily requirement for certain nutrients.

Daily requirements are recommended standards that determine the amount of a specifically important nutritional component required to prevent nutritional deficiency and related diseases. Therefore, at best, this is the lowest limit of a nutrient that will prevent nutritional deficiency and subsequent disease.

Nutraceuticals include: vitamins, coenzyme Q10, minerals, antioxidants, amino acids, essential fatty acids, chelate complexes, dietary fiber, enzymes.

All nutraceuticals can be divided into 2 groups.

The use of nutraceuticals in the daily nutrition of sick and healthy people allows:

· easily and quickly eliminate the lack of essential nutrients, which is widely detected in the majority of the adult and child population of Russia;

· take into account individual needs in the nutrition of a particular person, which differ significantly not only in age, gender, intensity of physical activity, but also due to the genetically determined characteristics of the metabolism of an individual, his biorhythms, environmental conditions of the region of residence, physiological conditions - pregnancy, psycho-emotional stress, etc. .d.;

· to ensure as much as possible the altered physiological needs for nutrients of a sick person, to bypass areas of metabolic pathways damaged by the disease, and sometimes to carry out their correction (for example, the nutrition of a patient with phenylketonuria);

· by strengthening the protection elements of cellular enzyme systems, increase the general, nonspecific resistance of the body to the effects of adverse environmental factors in the population living in both ecologically clean and environmentally unfavorable regions;

· acting primarily on enzyme systems, purposefully changing the metabolism of individual substances, in particular xenobiotics, as well as strengthening and accelerating the binding and removal of foreign and toxic substances from the body.

Thus, the use of nutraceuticals is an effective means of prevention, as well as additional (and sometimes primary) treatment of patients with widespread chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, malignant neoplasms, immunodeficiency conditions, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract , degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

Functions performed by nutraceuticals

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Parapharmaceuticals

Parapharmaceuticals (from the Latin para - about, pharmaceuticals - medicines) include medicinal plants, algae, and mushrooms. These are, as a rule, products containing minor food components: bioflavonoids, organic acids, glycosides, biogenic amines, regulatory oligopeptides, polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, etc. The action of parapharmaceuticals is implemented in the following areas:

· regulation within physiological boundaries of the functional activity of individual organs and systems;

· activation of systems involved in the development of adaptive compensatory and adaptive reactions of the body;

· regulation of the nervous system, including higher nervous activity;

· regulation of microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract.

These properties of parapharmaceuticals allow the human body to adapt to changed, extreme conditions, and provide additional, auxiliary therapy for various diseases, which qualitatively expands the capabilities of basic treatment methods.

Differentiation of parapharmaceuticals from drugs occurs according to the following criteria:

· therapeutic dose. If dietary supplements present in the drug do not exceed the therapeutic dose, then it is classified as parapharmaceuticals

· expected effectiveness. When using parapharmaceuticals - after 8-12 weeks

· no side effects.

Depending on the biotechnological method of their production, parapharmaceuticals are divided into several groups:

The vast majority of parapharmaceuticals are safe to use. Although when using parapharmaceuticals, the phenomenon of individual intolerance to their individual components cannot be ruled out, which, however, is also typical for some food products and even more so for medications. Thus, parapharmaceuticals, without replacing medications, significantly improve the quality of preventive and therapeutic measures.

Functions performed by parapharmacists

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Examples of parapharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals

Vitamins are used as nutraceuticals. Vitamins are low molecular weight organic compounds of various chemical natures that are necessary for normal life and have high biological activity. In the human body, vitamins are not synthesized (or synthesized in insufficient quantities), but are supplied to it with food. Some vitamins are waste products of intestinal microflora and, when absorbed in the intestines, to some extent satisfy the body's need for these substances. Unlike other essential nutritional factors, vitamins do not serve as a source of energy or material for biosynthetic plastic processes, but perform mainly the function of regulators of numerous biochemical reactions, which together constitute metabolism and energy.

Sources of vitamins for humans are food products of plant and animal origin. Due to the fact that the normal course of various physiological and biochemical processes cannot be ensured in the absence of vitamins, insufficient intake of vitamins into the body leads to the development of pathological conditions - hypovitaminosis and vitamin deficiency.

Preparations containing vitamins are used in the winter-spring period and in all cases when the diet includes an insufficient amount of vitamins. Vitamin preparations are used as medicines. Introducing excess vitamins into the body can lead to hypervitaminosis.

Bee products are used as parapharmaceuticals. For example, bee honey contains about 300 different substances that determine its bactericidal, antiallergic and antihemorrhagic effect. Honey is widely used in the treatment of wounds and ulcers, for diseases of the liver and gallbladder, peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, colitis, and chronic constipation. It improves coronary blood flow, myocardial contractility, helps lower blood pressure, and is effective in the treatment of insomnia, neuroses, some diseases of the respiratory and genitourinary systems, eyes, and skin.

Propolis has a broad pharmacological effect, which is determined by many biologically active substances it contains, including flavonoids, sterols, and vitamins. Propolis has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating, local anesthetic, antifungal, and antipruritic effects. Various medicines are produced from it, including alcohol tincture and propolis oil. They are used in the treatment of long-term non-healing wounds, trophic ulcers, burns and frostbite, as well as many therapeutic diseases

Conclusion

nutraceutical parapharmaceutical supplement concentrate

In order to optimize the nutrition of a practically healthy population and people with reduced nonspecific resistance of the body, it is recommended to prescribe nutrition with the inclusion of dietary supplements that help eliminate the lack of nutritional and biologically active substances. Along with this, it is necessary to include biologically active food additives in preventive and therapeutic nutrition. Preventive nutrition with the addition of dietary supplements is aimed at correcting and eliminating risk factors for the development of diseases. And the inclusion of dietary supplements in medical nutrition serves the purpose of meeting the increased needs of the sick person’s body, helping to adapt the chemical composition and energy value of the diet to the characteristics of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease.

Now the time urgently requires enriching food products with the nutrients we need. One of the ways to replenish them is the regular use of vitamins, premixes, and enrichment of food products with nutrients, although this is difficult from a technological point of view. Such food additives can be vitamin-mineral mixtures, prophylactic salts (iodized, low sodium), multifunctional herbal supplements (for example, wheat germ).

Bibliography

1. Orlova S.V., Encyclopedia of dietary supplements for food, Moscow, 1998.

2. Menshikov F.K., Diet therapy, Moscow, Medicine, 1972.

3. Vasilaki A.F., Kishenko Z.V., A short guide to dietary nutrition, Chisinau, Shtinitsa, 1980.

4. Maev I.V., Petukhov A.B., Tutelyan V.A. and others. Biologically active food additives in preventive and clinical medicine. / Moscow, VUNMC 1999.

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A dietary supplement for weight loss is a mysterious remedy, it is not clear whether it is useful or harmful, how effective is it and is it worth using? One of the types of dietary supplements for weight loss are nutraceuticals. Nutraceuticals (damn what a word)) are meal replacements or simply ideal food.

Most often, a nutraceutical is a protein powder from which you can prepare a cocktail based on juice, milk, kefir or yogurt with fruits or berries. Sounds temptingly delicious.

Dietary supplements for weight loss

Why is this the perfect food? The fact is that a meal replacement contains (at least should (!) contain) high-quality protein (protein), which is necessary for complete effective weight loss. If you haven’t read about this yet, I suggest you read the article about Proteins for weight loss, Part 1 and Part 2, where we discussed in detail why protein is needed and why.

In addition, these dietary supplements include vitamins or their precursors, macro- and microelements and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Due to their composition, nutraceuticals, saturating the body with all these beneficial substances, improve its condition. Thus, giving a signal that it contains a sufficient amount of everything necessary and you can get rid of the excess immediately.

Simply put, excess weight, or rather fat, is a disease of the body, a lack of proteins, vitamins and essential substances and an excess of sugar, dyes, pesticides, fertilizers and chemicals. By giving what is necessary, we get rid of what is unnecessary.

Dietary supplements for weight loss and health

Another dietary supplement for weight loss or nutraceutical is a very valuable thing for very busy people, because you only need 1-2 minutes to prepare a full meal.

To lose weight, replace 1-2-3 meals a day and with a minimum of calories (specially calculated by the manufacturer, it is 200-250 calories) your body receives maximum nutritional value.

IMPORTANT: why not just take some vitamins, supplements, etc. Firstly, vitamins and microelements are absorbed with a sufficient amount of protein in the diet (when nutraceuticals are consumed, all this is balanced in one serving), otherwise they simply pass through the toilet. In addition, the nutraceutical contains the optimal amount of vitamins, protein and all substances in the required quantity. As a result, there is no need to independently calculate your diet and you can be sure of the optimal price-quality ratio.

Dietary supplements for weight loss

Speaking of quality. Before you start using this or that product, read reviews, certificates, and make sure the quality of the product. On my own behalf, I can add that the leading manufacturer of dietary supplements for weight loss around the world is the Herbalife company, which produces products for weight control and weight loss. Undoubtedly, a dietary supplement for weight loss - a nutraceutical - is a useful and convenient thing. But what will happen if you stop using it, will you really gain weight???

Indeed, this method of losing weight is for those who want to get excellent results in the shortest possible time, with benefits for the body, without diets and fasting. It must be remembered that after you finish using the product, you take responsibility for the quality of your diet (I’ll tell you a secret that it’s almost impossible to ensure such quality on your own, because there will be either a shortage of nutrients, or too much calories and quantity). Therefore, if funds allow, make such an investment in your health - this is a profitable investment.

Most often, a nutraceutical is a protein powder from which you can prepare a cocktail based on juice, milk, kefir or yogurt with fruits or berries. Sounds temptingly delicious.

In addition, these dietary supplements include vitamins or their precursors, macro- and microelements and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Due to their composition, nutraceuticals, saturating the body with all these beneficial substances, improve its condition. Thus, giving a signal that it contains a sufficient amount of everything necessary and you can get rid of the excess immediately.

Another dietary supplement for weight loss or nutraceutical is a very valuable thing for very busy people, because you only need 1-2 minutes to prepare a full meal.

To lose weight, replace 1-2-3 meals a day and with a minimum of calories (specially calculated by the manufacturer, it is 200-250 calories) your body receives maximum nutritional value.

IMPORTANT: why not just take some vitamins, supplements, etc. Firstly, vitamins and microelements are absorbed with a sufficient amount of protein in the diet (when nutraceuticals are consumed, all this is balanced in one serving), otherwise they simply pass through the toilet. In addition, the nutraceutical contains the optimal amount of vitamins, protein and all substances in the required quantity. As a result, there is no need to independently calculate your diet and you can be sure of the optimal price-quality ratio.

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