GBOU SPO SK "Stavropol Basic Medical College".
Methodological development
open curatorial hour “The feat of mothers during the GreatPatriotic War."
Performed:
Teacher at CMC
"OGSE disciplines"
Ogodzhanyan N.M.
Approved:
At the meeting of the Central Committee
Protocol
Chairman of the Central Committee
Solomyanny V.D.
Stavropol 2015
Scenario
“Let us praise the woman-Mother, whose love does not know
obstacles, whose breasts fed the whole world! All
beauty in a person - from the rays of the sun and from
Mother's milk, that's what satisfies us with love for
life."
M. Gorky.
Introductory speech to the teacher:
Victory Day 1945 is moving further and further away. Every year there are fewer and fewer living witnesses - veterans of the Great Patriotic War. And so that people do not forget about the horrors that war brings with it, writers, artists, and filmmakers talk in their works about those distant bitter days.
It just so happens that our memory of the war and all ideas about it are male. This is understandable: after all, it was mostly men who fought. But over the years, people more and more begin to comprehend the immortal feat of a woman in war, her greatest sacrifice, sacrificed on the altar of Victory.
Woman and war! What two incompatible words! It is difficult to imagine that, like men, they fell to the ground, pierced by machine gun fire, died from fragments of exploding shells, burned in planes and wrecked tanks, and carried the wounded out of the battlefield under fire. Scary! But it was! And we have no right to forget this...
One cannot help but remember the mothers whose sons brought our country the hard-won Victory. These simple Soviet women gave up the most precious thing they had - their sons - in the name of the freedom of the Motherland.
Our curatorial hour “The Feat of Mothers” is a kind of bridge of grateful memory and duty, thrown across our time from the past to the future, testifying to the inseparability of history, woven from the many destinies of Soviet women
A woman comes into the world
To light a candle.
A woman comes into the world
To protect the hearth.
A woman comes into the world.
To be loved.
A woman comes into the world
To give birth to children.
A woman comes into the world
To make a flower bloom.
A woman comes into the world
To save the world... (slides)
Girl in white:
I know for sure that I will soon have a son. He will be cheerful, handsome, smart and strong. I already love him. I imagine his blue eyes, blond hair and cleft chin, just like his father. I so want him to be happy about this world, the singing of birds, the murmuring of brooks, green grass and the gentle sun. I so want to hold him close to me and not let him go for a long, long time. What a sweet smell comes from his hair, how wonderful his ringing voice sounds!
What a miracle it is to be a mother. To give birth to a person who is similar to you and at the same time unlike you. Repeat yourself, your love in it again...
If only there were no war! Because the worst thing happens in war – our children die.
If only there was no war. Because no grief can compare with the grief of a mother who has lost her son.
If only there was no war. Because nothing can replace the mother of her dead son. No matter how great the leaders, the heroes, they were raised by a woman - a mother: they are just children, there are millions of them, and each has a feat in her heart - maternal love. Women of all races, speaking different languages... Scorched by the sun and barely warmed by it in the far north - they are all sisters in a single, restless impulse of feeling. It’s the same when they bring the baby to the breast. However, they also experience a languishing joyful feeling, bending over their cub... Soldiers' mothers... It fell to their lot to raise the generation that took the hardest blow - the war. Millions of mothers gave you, Motherland, their sons. A mother's feat is a feat of the Motherland itself. This is a feat of the people. His greatness will be sung for centuries.
“I didn’t give birth to a son for war.”
I didn’t give birth to a son for war!
She didn’t give him the primer for war,
I was worried, proud, sad.
Lifelong lover, like a mother
Ready to darn and dream,
And wait for stingy, slow letters
From any outskirts of the country.
I didn’t give birth to a son for war!
And now a cheerful basso
It confirms my faith in life and happiness.
And somewhere in the sunny world he wanders
The threat of death, hunger and darkness -
Cold minds work...
I didn’t give birth to a son for war.
In long-suffering Russia, the mother’s name and attitude towards her have always been sacred. But, to our greatest shame, only a few of those mothers who lost their sons in the war are worthy of perpetuation in the memory of posterity.
Such a rare exception to the sad rule is the majestic memorial complex “Mother’s Valor” in the village of Alekseevka, Samara region (the only place in the world where a monument to a soldier’s mother is erected).
The memorial is a bronze sculpture of the heroine mother, symbolizing her nine sons. It is dedicated to Praskovya Volodichkina. (presentation)
In the first days of the war, together with their compatriots, the Volodichkin brothers went to the front from the village of Alekseevka to cover their native land with their bodies. Seeing off her nine sons one after another, Praskovya Eremeevna gave them the same order: “It is imperative to return to the family hearth.” But at the same time she especially emphasized: “First of all, attack the fascists with peace, leave no trace of the enemy.” This is from time immemorial, dedicated service to the Motherland, this is a sacred duty... And then, one after another, funerals began to come. Her mother lost six sons, and at that time there was no woman on earth whose bitter share could be compared with that of Praskovya Eremeevna Volodichkina. Her heart could not stand the loss. She did not live to see the bright Victory Day, did not wait for the return of her last three sons, who soon died, returning home with serious wounds received during the war.
In the 90s, thanks to local historians, this story became known throughout the country. In 1995, by decree of the President of Russia, a monument to the “Great Soldier’s Mother” was erected. Funds were allocated for the construction of the Volodichkin family memorial complex by the President of the Russian Federation B.M. Yeltsin, Samara regional administration donations from residents of the Samara region.
The monument is a stele made of pink granite 11.5 meters high, 9 bronze cranes click into the sky. In the iconic airy space there is a bronze sculpture of mother Praskovya Eremeevna Volodichkina. Ahead is a seven-ton stone - a monument made of gray granite with the names of their sons carved with the words: “To the Volodichkin family, grateful Russia.” And you don’t need to be a prophet to predict in advance: the people’s path to him will not be overgrown. From year to year, from century to century, both young and old will come here to bow to the Great Mother and her sons: Alexander, Andrei, Fedor, Pavel, Ivan, Vasily, Mikhail, Konstantin, Nikolai. She gave the nine of them life. And they, in turn, gave this life for the salvation of the Fatherland, for its people. What could be greater than this feat? To you and your sons, Praskovya Eremeevna, eternal glory. (presentation)
The poet Rasul Gamzatov, whose two older brothers fell in the battles of the Great Patriotic War, wrote a bright elegy - the title “Cranes”. These poems (translated from Avar into Russian by Naum Grebiev), set to music by Jan Frenkel, became songs. And in a quiet, soulful performance by Mark Berkes.
“Cranes” was recognized by the country as an anthem of grateful remembrance of all the fallen soldiers of the Fatherland. And the national memory was supplemented with a new, brightest symbol - the image of white cranes flying into eternity.
"Cranes" song.
Praskovya Volodichkina was awarded the Order “Mother - Heroine” at number 1. (fragment from the documentary “Mother of a Soldier.”
In Kislovodsk, in Koltsovsky Square on Mira Avenue, in 1978 they opened their architectural and sculptural composition “Cranes”. The monument was built in honor of fellow countrymen who died in the war. It was from here that the soldiers went to war. On the pedestal of the Kislovodsk obelisk-memorial “Cranes” there is an inscription of gratitude to the fallen participants of the Second World War “Living to you in eternal debt.” (Presentation)
"The Ballad of Mother"
Forty-one – a year of loss and fear
Flamed with a bloody glow...
Two guys in torn shirts
They were taken out in the morning to be shot.
The older one, dark blond, walked first,
Everything is with him: both strength and becoming,
And behind him the second one is a boy without a mustache,
Too young to die.
Well, and behind, barely keeping up,
The old mother minced,
Begging for the German's mercy.
“Nine,” he repeated importantly, “will shoot!”
"No! - she asked, - have mercy,
Cancel the execution of my children,
And in return, kill me,
But leave your sons alive!"
And the officer answered her decorously:
“Okay, mother, save one.
And we will shoot the other son.
Who is your favorite? Choose!”
As in this deadly whirlwind
Will she be able to save anyone?
If the firstborn is saved from death,
The last one is doomed to death.
The mother began to sob and lament,
Looking into the faces of my sons,
As if she really chose
Who is dearer to her, who is dearer to her?
She looked back and forth...
Oh, you wouldn't wish it on your enemy
Such torment! She baptized her sons.
And she admitted to the Fritz: “I can’t!”
Well, he stood there, impenetrable,
Smelling flowers with pleasure:
“Remember, we kill one,
And you kill the other.”
The elder, smiling guiltily,
He pressed the youngest to his chest:
“Brother, save yourself, well, I’ll stay,”
I lived, but you didn’t start.”
The younger one responded: “No, brother,
Save yourself. What to choose here?
You have a wife and children.
I haven’t lived, so don’t start.”
Here the German politely said: “Bitte,”
Pushed away the crying mother,
And he waved his glove, “they’ll shoot you!”
Two shots gasped, and the birds
They scattered fractionally into the sky.
The mother unclenched her wet eyelashes,
He looks at the children with all his eyes.
And they, hugging, as before,
They sleep in a leaden, restless sleep, -
Two bloods, two hopes,
Two wings that were scrapped.
The mother silently turns to stone in her heart:
My sons can't live, can't bloom...
“Fool mother,” the German teaches, “
I could at least save one.”
And she, cradling them quietly,
She wiped the blood from her filial lips...
This one, killer great, -
Maybe Mother has love.
Kuban peasant woman Stepanova Epistina Fedorovna, who lost nine sons in the war, was posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree. And during her lifetime, she was awarded the “Motherhood Medal,” and the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences awarded her a Certificate of Honor “For raising her sons.”
Her nine sons died in various wars. The eldest son Alexander died in the Civil War, 8 sons in the Great Patriotic War. She was expecting sons. There were starched shirts in the closet, the garden was waiting for the plowmen, the yard owners, but the children did not come....... She prayed and cried throughout the night. Epistinya came to her senses only in the spring of 1945, when the smell of victory was in the air. On May 9, the long-awaited sound spread through the village; VICTORY. Everyone ran out into the street and saw Epistinya, who, having fallen on her face, shouted in an unearthly voice: “Earth, where are my sons????” (presentation)
Moscow director Pavel Rusakov made a documentary film “The Tale of a Russian Mother” in 1966, and this film won the first prize – “Golden Nymph” at the festival in Monte Carlo. The prototype of the monument located in the Timashevsk park was a frame from this documentary. A soldier's mother sits on a bench and waits for her sons. Timashevsk, which became famous throughout the world thanks to the Stepanov family. It is called in honor of Epistinia Fedorovna - the city of maternal glory. A museum has been opened, and it bears the name of the Stepanov brothers. People also call it the Museum of the Russian Mother. After the war, the mother collected the things of all her sons here. Everything that mother took care of is collected here. "Fragment of the film."
A gloomy, uncomfortable winter evening.
It was already the fourth year of the war.
At the window, throwing a shawl over my shoulders,
The mother was waiting for her sons to arrive.
The eldest was tall and broad-shouldered,
Engineer, graduated from college,
I was just about to get married
In the morning he wakes up and here -
Levitan in a stern, mournful bass
Like thunder struck the country:
Without warning, treacherously,
Hitler started the war at night.
The son jumped up: a boot, another, stomped,
I broke off a loaf of bread,
“Mother, I’ll be there soon!” - he shouted and slammed the door...
And the bang of the door froze in my ears...
Days, weeks, months flew by,
There is still no news from him.
For months the wrinkles multiplied,
But there is no news from my son...
Youngest, freckled teenager,
Apparently he was smart.
And fearing that he will run after his brother,
His mother gave him a strict ban.
But the boy’s heart is torn, torn,
And one day the mother, coming home,
I thought my heart would break:
The house smelled of silence from the threshold.
My heart crunched like a birch branch,
She was already in her sixth decade,
And sad tears flowed down,
Leaving a mark on the pillow...
Tassa Gazdanova - North - Ossetia. A great victory comes only at the cost of great losses. We can only win by uniting. In '41, everyone understood this. There were seven brothers in the Gazdanov family, and each one went to the front, and not one of them returned home. The last funeral came from Berlin. Years have passed, but the feat and dedication will never be forgotten. In North Ossetia, the symbol of memory of the heroes of the Second World War, the Gazdanov brothers, is an obelisk and dance. (video)
The Ossetian dance “Seven Mowers” symbolizes the time of great Victory and great losses. The Seven Kosars are the seven Gazdanov brothers before the war. And after the war, the brides of the fighters put on mourning - not one returned home. Seven white cranes soared into the sky above the black rock. These are the seven Gazdanov brothers. Their gray-haired mother Tasso stands. With a rough hand she strokes the silent rock. Here her seven brave sons froze in eternal flight.
Photo and dance fragment.
And how many unknown Soviet and Russian mothers - heroines - lost their sons on the fronts of the First World War, Afghanistan, and Chechnya. But even today, mothers face severe suffering and trials.
Tamara Gverdtseteli "Mother's eyes".
Presentation "Our Mothers".
Explanatory note
The methodological development contains material for studying the topic:
“The feat of mother during the Great Patriotic War”, for students of specialty 060501 “Nursing”, Pharmacy.
The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the need to promote students’ development of a sense of patriotism, love for the Motherland and awareness of responsibility for its future. This topic is complex and inexhaustible. It is necessary to show the significance of the struggle and the origins of heroism.
“A woman’s face”, the almost million-strong army of women who took part in the hostilities “dissolved” in the official memorial culture, turning into invisible soldiers of the great war. Heroic representations of courageous female partisans and female pilots who fought on an equal basis with men could not adequately convey the fullness of women’s military everyday life. The pathos and monumentalism of the myth about the Great Patriotic War still shuns the female gaze and alternative models for interpreting military experience. The modern Russian government, following the Soviet tradition, continues to protect its military “secrets” from scientists. Today there is a great risk that women’s experience of war will finally turn into a “figure of silence”
Taking into account new realities, historical science is faced with the task of rethinking accumulated knowledge, the range of problems raised is expanding, and attention to the problems of local history is increasing. Studying this historical event from a regional perspective allows us to more fully recreate the contribution of women's society to the cause of victory; local history seems to be a real picture of the multifaceted feat of women, filled with names and facts.
Currently, a medical college student must be able to work with information, conduct a comprehensive search for historical information in sources of various types, participate in group research work, identify key points in the discussion, and provide the results of individual and group historical and educational activities.
When conducting classes, along with traditional explanatory and illustrative teaching technologies, the following technologies are used:
Information – processes of preparing and transmitting information to the teacher, the means of implementation of which is a computer;
Problem-based and developmental - organization of training sessions, which involves the creation of problem situations and active independent activity of students to resolve them.
Game technologies are a form of educational process in conditional situations, directions for the reconstruction and condition of social experience in all its directions: knowledge, skills, abilities of emotional and evaluative activity.
laid out to dry. They helped to manually uproot stumps so that later they could sow rye on this land. My grandmother worked on the collective farm all her life: as a milkmaid and poultry worker. She has awards for her work: “Winner of the Socialist Competition of 1977”, “Veteran of Labor”.
Klavdia Nikolaevna got married in 1958 to Nikolai Alekseevich Veselov. He was two years older than her; he also worked on the collective farm as a fireman and blacksmith. He worked well and received the Order of Lenin for his valiant work. Eight children were born into their family, one after another, with an interval of one to two years: Alexey, Lev, German, Pavel, Evgeny, Anatoly, Gennady, and the last one was my dad Andrey.
Eight sons were born into the family and not a single daughter. Grandma always says that she really wanted a daughter. “But God did not send,” she says sadly.
The most difficult job for a woman is to raise her children. And when there are eight of them, it is even more difficult and responsible. For this maternal feat, Klavdia Nikolaevna was awarded the Order of Maternal Glory, I, II and III degrees and the Medal of Motherhood, I, II and III degrees.
There are only two children in our family: me and my older sister. I have never seen the daily work of a mother with many children. I have no idea what this is. But if you think about it: why are mothers who raised many children given medals and orders? This means that this is also a feat, this is the merit of the Mother.
When there are many children growing up in a family, there should be no envy, jealousy or anger between them. This was how it was in my grandmother’s family; she loved all her sons equally, and no one could ever feel that his mother treated him worse than others. People say: “Daughters show off, but sons show off.”
they live in honor." Grandmother and grandfather raised all their sons to be hardworking, because from childhood they taught everyone to do village work: care for livestock, prepare firewood for the winter, grow vegetables in the garden. Each of them has a family (grandmother has 13 grandchildren), their own farm, their own home.
Next year Klavdia Nikolaevna will turn eighty years old. Her hands do not know boredom, day and evening she knits socks and mittens for us, weaves rugs.
Last year my grandfather passed away; he died. Grandma felt lonely in their house. But we must move on with our lives, and early in the morning Grandma Klava runs into the yard where she has chickens and sheep. Then - to their sons, to their grandchildren. And so on day after day.
Tomorrow is Sunday. We will go to visit grandma. He will ask how I am doing at school, and will treat me to Mari dumplings and pies. It seems that there is nothing special about her, about my grandmother, she is just like everyone else. But I know: her feat is her whole life, she is a mother - a heroine. And I'm proud to know this man.
Class hour on the topic “Maternal feat”
The purpose of the lesson: perpetuating the memory of F.N. Malgina and her five sons.
Educational : studying the history of the Yakut people in the Great Patriotic War, the life and activities of the Malgin family.
Developmental : teach independent search for information, joint intellectual activity, improve the ability to analyze, compare, generalize, assess the relevance of events, develop emotional perception.
Educational: nurturing the interest and need of schoolchildren for intellectual and creative activity, cultivating moral ideals: love for the Motherland and pride in it, love for the mother, respect for the older generation.
Equipment: portrait of F.N. Malgina, presentation “The Malgin Family”, video clip about the beginning of the war, phonograms of war songs, model of the monument - the obelisk of Glory, garlands of flowers, model of the Eternal Flame, paper cranes, classroom design materials, quote.
“Let us praise the woman - the mother, whose love knows no barriers, whose breasts fed the whole world! Everything beautiful in a person – from the rays of the sun and from mother’s milk – is what saturates us with love for life” M. Gorky.
During the classes
Teacher: Victory Day is a solemn holiday, when joy is intertwined with grief, laughter with tears. And we are all united by memory... Let us bow to the living and the dead, the immortal and the fearless. To those who took the battle at dawn on June 22, 1941 near the walls of the Brest Fortress. Let us bow to the women who, having escorted their husbands and sons to the front, went out into the field, stood at the machines, got on the tractors - this labor shift lasted 1418 days and nights. 1941 The beginning of the war. The first days, months.(On the screen is a video clip about the beginning of the war)
The boys left with greatcoats on their shoulders,
The boys left and bravely sang songs.
The boys retreated through the dusty steppes,
The boys died, they didn’t know where.
Teacher: Mother. There are millions of them, and each one carries a feat in its heart - maternal love. It fell to their lot to raise a generation that took the hardest blow - the war. A mother's feat is a feat of the Motherland itself. This is a feat of the people. His greatness will be sung for centuries.
Student: A Russian mother in the Dnieper region, Epstimiya Fedorovna Stepanova, sent 9 sons to defend her homeland and not one of them returned...
Pupil: A Belarusian mother from Zhodino, Anastasia Fominichna Kupriyanova, saw off her five sons to the war. None of them returned...
Student: Before the war, large families predominated in Yakutia. More than 20 families sent five sons and brothers to the front. The families of the Prokopievs from the Ust-Amginsky ulus, the Karataevs from Vilyuy, the Polishchenkos from the Namsky ulus, the Petrovs from the Ordzhonikidze ulus, the Nikanorovs from the Megino-Kangalassky ulus, etc. But someone returned from them.
Teacher: A tragic fate also reached a simple Yakut woman - the mother from the taiga village of Bayaga, Alekseevsky (Tattinsky) district, Fevronya Nikolaevna Malgina. Fevronya Nikolaevna gave five sons to the Motherland, gave up five of her lives...
(Presentation “Malgins”.)
Teacher : Look into the face of this old woman, look into her eyes, faded from old age and grief, from a great life, from tears of expectation. A black scarf fits his head as usual, and gray strands of hair peek out from under the scarf. Fevronya Nikolaevna Malgina lived for 90 long years. Born in 1888 Of these, she lived only 16 years carefree and happily. Of the 20 children born at the beginning of the war, seven remained: five sons and two daughters.(Presentation continues)
Student 1 : The eldest son Alexey was born in 1915. Since childhood, passionately in love with the expanses of the taiga and hunting, he connected his life with the fur trade. He received the title of excellent hunter of the republic and was awarded a personalized watch.
Student 2 : The second son, also Alexey, graduated from the Yakut paramedic-midwife school, headed the Ust-Tattinsky first-aid post, then the regional health department. In 1938, he went to study at the Tomsk Medical Institute.
Student 3: The third son, Spiridon, born in 1918, graduated from the Yakut Agricultural College. He became a livestock specialist, but did not have to work for long. Entered military school on October 4, 1940.
Student 4: The fourth son, Peter, like his older brother, Alexey, became a hunter.
Student 5: The fifth, youngest, Vasily became a paramedic.
Pupil: Two daughters, two Marias, got married.
Teacher: The war with the White Finns began. Alexey Jr., a student at the Tomsk Medical Institute, volunteered for the front. He participated as a military doctor and on the very last day of the war, saving the life of a wounded soldier, he was seriously wounded and died of his wounds in the Tomsk hospital on April 9, 1940.
The mother took the news of her son’s death like a bolt from the blue. They say time heals wounds. This may be true, but not the wounds of a mother who has lost her child. Although she had buried her young children before, it was completely different - after all, she buried them with her own hands, in her own land. And the fact that the son was killed in a foreign country and his body did not rest in the land of his ancestors deepened the mother’s grief and suffering.
Pupil: In the fall of 1940, another misfortune suddenly struck... The head of the family, Fevronya Nikolaevna’s husband, Egor Petrovich Malgin, tragically died. Now all household chores and backbreaking work on the collective farm fell on Fevronya Nikolaevna’s fragile shoulders. She hoped for her four sons... Sons-in-law Terenty Khatylaev and Sidor Neustroyev were also good workers. But the war began. All sons and sons-in-law went to the front. In the large Malgin family, only women and small children remained.
Teacher: The difficult days dragged on waiting for news from the front. Letters from the front! Who among the older generation is not familiar with homemade paper triangles?(envelopes are triangles). Each letter from the front contains a story about the strength of spirit, perseverance and courage of the Soviet people who stood up to defend the Motherland.
Teacher: Years passed, and more and more letters came to the villages saying; “ Died... died the death of the brave... the soldier did not return from the battle. There were funerals... They burned hearts, dressed women in black, orphaned children.
…Sometimes Fevronya Nikolaevna received letters and begged the postman to read them right away. She herself sat with her wrinkled hands, roughened by work, folded on her knees and nodded her head in agreement, trying to catch the mood in the lines, every word, understandable only to the mother. The mother received the last letter from the younger Vasily back in October 1942. He wrote that he was going to the front, that Moscow was 100 kilometers away... After this, the letters stopped coming... For almost two months, Fevronya Nikolaevna knew nothing about the fate of her sons. And then I found out...
Teacher: Almost a month later, she received two more notices. Four Malgins died: Alexey Jr. died in 1940 in the war with the White Finns; Alexey Sr., Peter, Vasily went missing at the end of 1942. Only Spiridon remained, lieutenant, deputy commander of the 8th rifle company of the 889th regiment of the 189th division.
Each fought, thinking only about the defense of their Motherland, fought for every inch of the Pulkovo Heights, in the most decisive sectors of the Leningrad Front. Words of address... Spiridon and his comrades realized that right now they had to move out and strike at the enemy. And they struck Days, months of fierce fighting. The 900-day blockade has been broken. In these battles on March 23, 1943. Spiridon Malgin died. Fevronya Nikolaevna lost her last son.
Teacher: Five sons, the Mother gave up five of her lives... The sons died young and unexpectedly. The last hope was in the sons-in-law. But they didn’t live long either. Both returned from the war and died from old wounds...
Teacher: The salvos of war have long since died down. But no passage of time can erase the mother’s grief from the memory... And at the age of 82, Fevronya Nikolaevna is going on a long journey to bow to the graves of her sons. Not everyone will decide at that age to make the journey from Yakutia to Leningrad. And she is traveling as part of a delegation that was supposed to visit the places where soldiers fought - the Yakuts near Novgorod, Staraya Russa, Leningrad. At the lake Ilmen in the village Oyster of the Novgorod region laid wreaths at the monument to the Yakut warriors who died a brave death in battles against fascism.
No matter what, life goes on. After this trip, Fevronya Nikolaevna Malgina, an honorary citizen of the Alekseevsky district, a personal pensioner, lived for another 8 years to the delight of her grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Fevronya Nikolaevna died on April 11, 1978. She was buried with all honors in the village. Bayaga of Alekseevsky district at the obelisk of Glory, next to the marble slabs where the names of five sons are carved. The bright love of a mother, the feat of the Malgin sons and brothers will be an example for many generations, their lives continue.
Student: Bowing before her, we remember the countless sacrifices our people endured in the last war.
Bowing before her, we remember the unfading exploits of the soldiers, whose hard work, sweat and blood and life our historical victory was achieved.
Bowing before her, we bow our heads to the mothers, whose hearts, tears, love, grief, whose incredible sacrifices helped us win the freedom and happiness of present and future generations. The example of Fevronya Nikolaevna Malgina’s mother is worthy of people’s memory.
8 May 2015, 15:32In different parts of the former Soviet Union, a few monuments have been erected to mothers who did not receive their sons from the front.
In the village of Alekseevka, Kinelsky district, Samara region, on May 7, 1995, on the eve of the 50th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War, a grand opening took place memorial to the Volodichkin family. The mother of warriors, Praskovya Eremeevna Volodichkina, stands surrounded by nine cranes, as a symbol of expectation and faith. Nine cranes are nine sons who gave their lives in the name of Victory. Praskovya Eremeevna Volodichkina escorted her nine sons to the front. The woman was left alone - her husband died back in 1935. Before the war, the mother did not even have time to say goodbye to the youngest - Nikolai. Having finished his service in Transbaikalia, he was supposed to return home, but he still drove past his native place, only throwing a note rolled up from the window of the car: “Mom, dear mother. Don't worry, don't worry. Don't worry. We're going to the front. Let's defeat the fascists and everyone will return to you. Wait. Yours Kolka.” He never returned. As did his five other brothers. After the sixth funeral in January 1945, the mother’s heart could not stand the loss. Three of her sons returned from the front seriously wounded. From a huge family in which, if not for the war, there were many children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, there was no one left.
Anastasia Akatievna Larionova, a resident of the village of Mikhailovka, Sargat district, Omsk region, saw off her seven sons to the front: Gregory, Panteleius, Procopius, Peter, Fedor, Mikhail, Nikolai. All of them died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. For her maternal feat, on June 22, 2002, in the regional center of Sargatskoye, she was erected a concrete monument, which was dedicated to all Russian mothers who lost their sons during the war. The monument represents the figure of a woman who is depicted standing at the gate in simple formal clothes. The mournful face is framed by a scarf, grief is imprinted in the wrinkles of the forehead. Eyes are directed into the distance in the hope of seeing the native silhouettes of the children. The left hand is pressed tightly to the heart to contain its pain. On May 9, 2010, on the day of the 65th anniversary of the Victory, the concrete monument was replaced by its exact copy, but made of bronze.
In November 2010, on the initiative of employees of the rural library of the Sokolovsky rural settlement of the Gulkevichsky district of the Krasnodar Territory, a monument to a mother of many children was erected at the burial site Efrosinya Babenko, all four of whose sons died on the battlefields during the Great Patriotic War. The woman herself died 15 years after the end of the war; she had no relatives or friends left.
In 1975, in Zhodino (Republic of Belarus) near the Brest-Moscow road, a monument to the Patriot Mother was unveiled, the prototype of which was Anastasia Fominichna Kursevich (Kuprianova), who lost five sons during the Great Patriotic War. The sculptural composition represents the moment of farewell to a mother and her sons, who are leaving along a symbolic path to protect the Motherland, free their home from the enemy, and return peace and happiness to all mothers on Earth. The youngest son Petya, his mother’s favorite, looked back in her direction for the last time...
Monument to mother Tatyana Nikolaevna Nikolaeva, who lost six of her eight sons in the war. The village of Izederkino, Morgaushsky district, Chuvashia. Tatyana Nikolaevna gave birth to and raised 8 sons. Grigory, Alexander, Rodion, Frol, Mikhail, Egor, Ivan, Pavel took part in the Great Patriotic War. Grigory, Egor, Ivan, Pavel died in battle. Frol and Rodion died soon after the war from their wounds. In May 1984, a monument to the glorious Chuvash mother T.N. Nikolaeva was unveiled in her native village. She was included in the Honorary Book of Labor Glory and Heroism of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1978.
Monument Kalista Pavlovna Soboleva in the distant Arkhangelsk village of Shakhanovka, Shenkursky district. In 2004, an article was published in the newspaper Pravda Severa: “In our region, in the Shenkursky district, in the village of Shakhanovka, there lived a woman whose name you should also know well. This is Kalista Pavlovna Soboleva, whose sons did not return from the battlefields of the Great Patriotic War. Kalista Pavlovna did not receive a single blood of her own - from 1905 to 1925. Having learned about the Victory, she put seven photographs on the table, filled seven glasses with bitters, invited her fellow villagers to remember her sons - Kuzma, Ivan, Andrey, Nikita, Pavel, Stepan, Joseph... Kalista Pavlovna lived poorly, walked in bast shoes. She worked on a collective farm and was awarded the medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941 - 1945." Like all collective farmers, she did not receive a pension for a long time, only in Khrushchev’s time they began to pay her six rubles a month, then 12, and then 18. Her fellow countrymen sympathized with her, helped her plant and dig potatoes. She died in the mid-sixties. "
In 2004, a monument was erected on the central square in the Omsk region in the village of Krutinki Akulina Semyonovna Shmarina, mother of five sons who died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War.
In Zadonsk - a monument to the mother Maria Matveevna Frolova. Diagonally from the monastery, in a public garden, near the monastery hotel, there is a sculptural group - the Sorrowful Mother and a number of obelisks with the names of her sons. Mikhail, Dmitry, Konstantin, Tikhon, Vasily, Leonid, Nikolai, Peter... This Russian woman-mother, who raised and raised 12 children, had eight sons taken away by the war.
A monument was erected in the village of Bub, Perm Territory Yakovleva Matryona Ivanovna. During the war, she sold everything she had: house, livestock, things. She came to the village council with a bag of money (100 thousand rubles) with the words: “Buy an airplane with this money. My sons are fighting, we need to help.” We bought the plane. The sons did not return from the war, not one. And for the rest of her life, Matryona Ivanovna lived in the houses of fellow villagers in turn; everyone was honored that she would live in their house. The monument to Matryona Ivanovna was erected by fellow villagers.
The personification of all mother-heroines was the Kuban peasant woman Epistinia Stepanova, who placed on the altar of Victory the most precious thing she had - the lives of her nine sons: Alexander, Nikolai, Vasily, Philip, Fyodor, Ivan, Ilya, Pavel and Alexander.
Marshal of the Soviet Union A. A. Grechko and Army General A. A. Epishev wrote to her in 1966:
“You raised and educated nine sons, blessed nine of the people dearest to you to perform feats of arms in the name of the Soviet Fatherland. With their military deeds, they brought the day of our Great Victory over our enemies closer and glorified their names. ...You, the soldier's mother, are called by the soldiers their mother. They send you the filial warmth of their hearts; they bow their knees before you, a simple Russian woman.”
In Kuban, in the village of Dneprovskaya, a museum has been opened. It bears the name of the Stepanov brothers. People also call it the Museum of the Russian Mother. After the war, the mother gathered all her sons here. The things that are stored in it can hardly be called the museum word “exhibits”. Each item speaks of maternal love and filial tenderness. Everything that the mother took care of is collected here: Vasily’s violin, a notebook with Ivan’s poems, a handful of earth from Sasha’s grave... Addresses to the mother are full of filial love and care: “I think about you a lot, I live mentally with you, dear mother. I often remember my home, my family.”
In recent years, Epistinia Fedorovna, a personal pensioner of union importance, lived in Rostov-on-Don, in the family of her only daughter, teacher Valentina Mikhailovna Korzhova. She died there on February 7, 1969. The soldier’s mother was buried in the village of Dneprovskaya, Timashevsky district, Krasnodar Territory, with full military honors, where her sons were also “placed” in a symbolic mass grave. Soon a whole memorial dedicated to the Stepanovs appeared there. Equating her maternal feat to a military one, the Motherland awarded Epistinia Fedorovna Stepanova the Military Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.
In the big arms of a tired mother
Her last son was dying.
The field winds quietly stroked
His silver flax is gray.
Tunic with the collar open
There are stains on it.
From severe wounds
In wet plowing
His blood fell like fire.
- Didn’t I cherish you, son?
Didn’t I take care of you, dear?..
The eyes are clear
These white curls
Gave me heroic strength.
I thought that holidays would come together in life...
You were my last joy!
And now your eyes are closed,
White light in eyelashes
Became not nice. -
Seeing her sad tear,
Surrounded the mother among the fields
Nine troubles that broke the Russian heart,
Nine sons killed in battle.
Tanks froze, torn apart by thunder,
The rein horses took over.
...A mother stood up in the village on the main square
And petrified forever.
(Ivan Varabbas)
The road from the farm went uphill, you could clearly see how the sons left the house: one, another, another... The mother lived from letter to letter. “We’ll soon return to our relatives...
The road from the farm went uphill, you could clearly see how the sons left the house: one, another, another... The mother lived from letter to letter. “We will soon return to our native places. I assure you that I will beat the rabid bastard for my native Kuban, for the entire Soviet people, I will be faithful to the military oath until my last breath, as long as my heart beats in my chest... We will finish, then we will arrive. If there is happiness,” the younger Sashka wrote from the front. At home they called him Little finger - the smallest, the very last. Littlefinger was not lucky. He fought with dignity and earned the Order of the Red Star for his personal courage. But in the fall of 1943, he, the squad commander, had to, together with his soldiers, defend Ukrainian land from the Nazis. On the approaches to Kyiv, Alexander Stepanov’s company repelled six powerful enemy attacks. He was already fighting the seventh alone. It was later estimated that he single-handedly killed 15 enemy soldiers and officers. And when the ammunition ran out, he took the rest with him, blowing himself up on the last grenade. Alexander was only 20 years old. For this feat, he was posthumously given the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
But does this make it easier for the mother?
A few months before his brother, in July of the same 43rd, Ilya Stepanov was killed on the Kursk Bulge. Tanker Ilya also suffered in full: he was seriously wounded in the first days of the war, in the Baltic states. The wound was serious, Ilya spent a long time in the hospital, and then recuperated at home, with his mother. From there - to Stalingrad. Second wound, again in a hospital bed. The third wound - and again to the front. For the fourth time, fate no longer saved him. In the same winter of 1943, terrible for my mother, the Nazis shot the partisan Vasily Stepanov. He fought in Crimea and was captured. But he escaped and joined a partisan detachment. He was caught on a mission and thrown into prison. It was not possible to escape a second time. Ivan Stepanov was also a partisan, but he died back in 1942. He escaped from captivity, hid with collective farmers, and then joined a detachment. He was shot in Belarus. And absolutely nothing was known about brother Pavel, who went missing in 1941...
Epistinia Fedorovna did not wear a mourning black scarf. I was waiting.
But in February 1945, Philip Stepanov died. A 35-year-old foreman of field farmers, a peasant bone, who grew such crops that even in Moscow they boasted of them at the All-Union Exhibition. He did not live to see the Victory for several months. Died in the German penal camp Forelkrug. “Have pity on the children. When they grow up, let them feel sorry for you and your grandmother,” he wrote to his wife from the front. But he never saw his children again.
Epistinia Fedorovna lived in the family of her only daughter until she was 93 years old, raising her grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Her family history was widely known. She was the first among Soviet women to receive the Order of Mother Heroine. The marshals sent her telegrams. Poems, books, paintings were dedicated to her. And documentary filmmakers Karpov and Rusanov preserved her maternal feat in the film “The Tale of a Russian Mother.”
And the monument that was erected to her in Timashevsk was made precisely on the basis of this film. This is how the sculptor was struck by the shot in which a soldier’s mother sits on a bench and waits for those who will never come.
The bitter fate of Anastasia Larionova
Monument to Anastasia Akatievna Larionova. Omsk
No films were made about Anastasia Akatievna Larionova from the Omsk village of Mikhailovka during her lifetime. Until the 80s, only local historians knew about the mother of seven dead front-line soldiers.
Her fate was difficult. Even at the height of collectivization, the strong peasant family of the Larionovs was dispossessed. My husband died in '38. I had to carry seven sons and two daughters myself. They worked in the family from dawn to dusk, both on the collective farm and at home. In 1941, the first summons came to the house - and then it continued until the end of the war: first a summons, then a funeral. All the sons of Anastasia Akatievna went to the front, her two daughters saw off their husbands. How did they live? Apparently not very filling. One of Nastya’s grandmother’s granddaughters was caught in a collective farm field with several ears of corn, and that’s it – a prison sentence. As if the family didn’t have enough without this.
The eldest son, Grigory, was a career military man and served on the Chinese border. He's missing in action - and that's not just standard military language. Absolutely nothing is still known about his fate: where he died, how, when. Back in 1939, my son Mikhail joined the army. Served as a shooter. Died in '43. In 1941, at the very beginning of the war, Panteley went to fight. But he remained lying near Leningrad. In the winter of 1942, Procopius collected the duffel bag. He died in Ukraine a year later, in the fall of '43. In the same 43rd, black for the family, two Larionov brothers, Fyodor and Pyotr, went to the front at once. They didn't return either. Peter died during the liberation of Poland in 1945. There is no information about Fedor’s combat path.
In 1944, the seventh brother, Nikolai, volunteered for the front. Where he happened to meet his death is also unknown. Anastasia Akatievna’s sons-in-law also perished on the battlefields. Her two widowed daughters never found out where their husbands were buried.
The only one of the Larionovs who managed to escape from this deadly whirlwind was Anastasia Akatievna’s grandson, Grigory (according to other sources - Georgy) Panteleevich. He was taken from home in 1943, and demobilized only in 1947. The long-awaited meeting with her grandson brought down Grandma Nastya. The grief-stricken woman literally went blind from tears. She died in 1973, a little before the moment when an obelisk was erected in her native village for her fallen fellow countrymen. The names of all her seven sons were carved there.
The whole world collected money for the monument to the soldier’s mother Anastasia Larionova. As a result, they staged two: in Omsk and in the village of Sargatskoye, near the Eternal Flame.
Eight obelisks of Maria Frolova
Monument to mother Maria Frolova. Lipetsk region, Zadonsk
This monument stands in the city of Zadonsk. There are eight obelisks around the bowed female figure. On each there is a male name: Mikhail, Dmitry, Konstantin, Tikhon, Vasily, Leonid, Nikolai, Peter. And one last name for everyone.
The Frolovs had 12 children: two daughters, ten boys. Only two of them didn’t make it to the front: professional electric welder Alexei had a reservation, Mitrofan didn’t go out for years. The war did not spare the rest.
It so happened that they all died in the battles for Leningrad. The first to go there, even before the war, was Antonina’s elder sister. And then the others followed her. In Leningrad there were institutes, libraries, large factories, the Baltic Sea... The brothers chose a specialty, started families, and put down roots. The roots were cut off in one fell swoop.
Mikhail graduated from the Polytechnic Institute and taught at the Naval Academy. In the first days of the war he spoke on the radio for Leningraders, his speech was broadcast several times. What he did during the war became known only in the late 60s. This was a top-secret development - protecting Soviet ships from enemy magnetic mines. But he failed to defend himself. During tests on a Baltic Fleet warship, Mikhail Frolov was bombed and died from his wounds. His brother Konstantin was also killed by the bomb. He left the militia from his third year at the evening institute. And suddenly, while passing through, I found myself at the Baltic Station. My wife ran here in half an hour, but the station was already cordoned off and no one was allowed in. All trains came under bombing. Vasily laid his head on the legendary Nevsky patch. “I’m unlikely to return from here - things like this are crumbling here,” he wrote in a letter to his mother. How did she feel reading these lines? Getting one funeral after another?
The door to the Frolovs was not closed: Maria Matveevna invited young soldiers to visit, set the table, and treated them to simple food. What pickles are there in wartime? “Come to your senses, Masha, there won’t be anything to eat tomorrow!” - the neighbors shook their heads. “What if some woman feeds my sons,” the soldier’s mother answered thoughtfully. And the funerals kept flying.
In 1943, Peter did not return from reconnaissance. Leonid spent a long time trying to get his reservation removed, went to the front as a volunteer - and found his death at the end of April 1945. The mobile repair point where he served was hit by a shell. A month later, Sister Antonina, who survived the blockade, was sent her brother’s bloody belongings. At the same time, a few weeks before the Victory, Tikhon was mortally wounded. The air regiment navigator did not return from a combat mission. “Let the Krauts remember: there are ten of us brothers - one died, another takes his place,” he wrote home. But of these ten, only the wounded Dmitry and Nikolai returned home. Dmitry defended the Soviet Baltic from 1941. He drowned in icy water, was wounded many times, and was treated in hospitals. The last wound to the head was fatal for him. Because of him, the heroic sailor went blind and died in 1948. Nikolai passed away even before him.
Neighbors said that until the end of her life the mother could not talk enough about her sons. I remembered all the birthmarks. I knew every letter by heart. And until her death, she slipped either candy or gingerbread to the neighbor’s children. For each of his ten boys who died so that others could live.
