Negative pronouns in Russian. Not and neither in negative pronouns Syntactic features of negative pronouns

MORPHOLOGY

PRONOUN

Read an excerpt from the poem. What forms of pronouns are used in this poem?

- Whose forest stream are you?

- But where are you from? Creek?

- From the keys!

- Well, whose keys are they?

- Whose birch tree is by the stream?

O. Bedarev

1. Using the materials from the diagram on p. 154 make a statement about negative pronouns: 1) what they mean; 2) how they are formed; 3) how they change. Check your answers with the theoretical material in the paragraph.

Negative pronouns express the absence of any person, attribute of an object, quantity: no one, nothing, no one.

Negative pronouns are formed from relative pronouns using the prefixes not-, nor-: nothing, not with anything, no one, no one, no one, to nothing, about nothing.

2. The grammatical features of negative pronouns coincide with the grammatical features of indefinite, interrogative and relative pronouns

Pronouns. Using the material on interrogative pronouns (see Exercise 369). tell us about the grammatical features of negative words. uncertain. Interrogative and relative pronouns.

Make a word-formation analysis of negative pronouns. What pronouns are they formed from?

No one, no one, no one, no, nothing.

1. Read pairs of phrases aloud to each other. Match the pronunciation of not- and neither- in the negative pronouns in each pair. In which pronouns is it impossible to make a mistake when choosing the spelling of a vowel in non-, ni-? Why? Which vowel in the prefixes of negative pronouns is written in a weak position? How do you spot a weak position?

Something strange - nothing strange; there is no one to blame - no one to blame; nothing to talk about - didn’t talk about anything; there is nothing to do - do nothing; no one to discuss - didn’t discuss it with anyone.

2. Read the rule for writing negative pronouns. Prepare to answer the questions: 1) why does the rule only talk about the prefix ni-? 2) in what case are negative pronouns written as one word?

The prefix ni - in negative pronouns - is unstressed, the letter and is written in it: no one, no one's.

If there is a preposition between neither or not and the pronoun, the pronoun is written in three words;

1. Formulate a rule using materials from the diagram. Give examples.

2. Compare the rule for writing negative pronouns for the Russian and Ukrainian languages. Indicate the positions that match. Name the differences.

1. Read aloud pairs of sentences, matching the pronunciation of not-, nor- in the negative pronouns in each pair. Explain why it is impossible to make a mistake when choosing a vowel in the prefix not-? How do you determine the weak vowel position in the prefix ni-?

2. Write it down. Place stress on negative pronouns.

1. The day until the evening is boring if there is nothing to do (Proverb). Galya and I didn’t tell them anything (V. Zheleznikov). 2. I had nothing to pay with. Dahlias don’t smell like anything (V. Odnoralov). 3. Everyone can offend, but there is no one to feel sorry for (Proverb). The dog did not belong to anyone (L. Andreev).

3. Underline negative pronouns as parts of a sentence. Indicate their case.

Copy the sentences by inserting negative pronouns. Underline all parts of the sentence. Indicate the case of pronouns.

1. Katya... didn’t answer. 2. We... didn’t meet. 3. Mom... didn’t ask. 4…. there was no exact answer. 5. He... didn’t say hello.

1. Copy the sentences, writing down negative pronouns with prepositions. Outline the conditions for choosing negative pronouns.

1. (N..what, under) circumstances Igor would not refuse to speak (A. Rybakov). 2. A person who is not known (by anyone, with) is completely stupid (Proverb). 3. There was no more money on (n..whom) (N. Nadezhdina). 4. (N..whom, at) there was no (n..) any doubt (A. Rybakov). 5. I never think (by anyone, with) this has happened (A. Bitov).

2. Make a morphological analysis of one negative pronoun.

Copy the phrases by opening the brackets and inserting the missing letters. Graphically explain the spelling of the prefix pri-, roots with alternation.

(N..)what not to..to..touch. (n..)why not pr..k..sleep. (n..) why live..l.. (n..) not to offer to anyone. (n..)who doesn’t pr..b..fight, (n..)who doesn’t pr..b..ret, (n..)why pr..p..fight. (n..)why bother?

1. Copy the sentences by inserting the missing letters and opening the brackets. Place punctuation marks.

2. In words with missing letters, indicate the spelling patterns. Explain the spelling without words.

1. In just two weeks, I think (n..) what (not) will change. 2. Mom for some reason (never) wanted to believe that I had at least some (any) economic abilities (A. Aleksin). 3. We need to make a (small) big break somewhere and discuss the further route. 4. I realized... little that I should tidy up the room and, first of all, have something to eat, but from anxiety I (n..) had no use for what (not) my hands. Every now and then I climbed onto the windowsill (Yu. Sotnik).

2. Make a morphological analysis of one pronoun.

1. Write down the text from dictation.

2. Exchange notebooks and, without relying on printed text, check each other’s work, correcting mistakes with a colored pen.

3. Exchange notebooks again. Check your work by referring to the printed text. If there are errors, correct them and explain them graphically.

The day went well, but at night Masha fell ill. They sent to the city for a doctor. He arrived in the evening and found the patient delirious. A severe fever developed, and the poor patient spent two weeks at the edge of the coffin.

No one in the house knew about the intended escape. Her maid didn't tell anyone anything

L. Pushkin

4. Indicate obsolete words in the text. What words correspond to them in modern Russian?

Test your knowledge

401 “The Fourth Wheel”

1. N..who doesn’t know; n..what is not needed; n..why be surprised; n..that won't help.

2. (Not) anyone, (not) by whom, (not) anything, (not) with (anything).

1. Using materials from the diagram of us. 154. Fill in the blanks in the table, selecting interrogative, indefinite, negative pronouns that correspond to relative pronouns. Suggest a rational way to memorize relative, interrogative, indefinite, and negative pronouns.

2. Analyze examples of pronouns. What is the peculiarity of the formation of indefinite and negative pronouns?

3. Which pronouns do you think might be difficult to spell? What specific difficulties arise when choosing the spelling of these pronouns?

1. Copy the text by inserting the missing letters and opening the brackets.

2. Underline the pronouns as parts of the sentence. Indicate their rank.

(N..)how many days did I wander around the city with my movie camera, waiting for some (some) incident to happen, but (n..) nothing happened. I bothered all my relatives and friends, asking them if some interesting event was being prepared, but I never found out what.

Yu. Sotnik

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462. How are these words formed? . Make 2-3 sentences with negative pronouns.

No one - whom, no - what, no one - who, nothing - what, nothing - what, no one - whose.

This is no one's kitten. I didn't want to bother anyone. There is no one to call, no one will come.

463. How do you understand the meaning of the poem called “Nothing”? How to pronounce this word?

The word "nothing" is a negative pronoun. It denotes the absence of something: a person, an object, a sign, a quantity.

[n"ich"ivo]

464. Write down, indicating the conditions of choice not and neither in negative pronouns (see example in the rule). Indicate the cases of negative pronouns.

465. Insert negative pronouns to strengthen the negation. Indicate the case of pronouns. . Emphasize the additions.

466. Write down, denoting the conditions of choice not and nor in negative pronouns.

1. I dressed myself up and dressed myself up, but was of no use to anyone. 2. A friend is a valuable treasure, no one is happy with an enemy. 3. Anyone can offend, but there is no one to feel sorry for. 4. They love someone who will not offend anyone.

467. Write down negative pronouns with prepositions. Indicate the conditions for choosing the combined and separate spellings not and neither in negative pronouns (see example in the rule). . Make up phrases or sentences with the words you receive.

Not with anyone, not for anything, not for anyone, not for anything, not from anyone, not before anything.

There was no one to be friends with, he didn’t care about anything, he wasn’t useful for anything, he didn’t hear from anyone, he wouldn’t stop at anything.

468. Write down the negative pronouns with the words with which they are associated in two columns: in the first - continuous spelling, in the second - separate spelling. . In the written phrases, indicate the main word.

Run, push off, jump over, jump off.

The athlete ran and jumped over the bar. You need to push off the ground correctly.

469. Make phrases with these verbs + a negative pronoun with a preposition.” Indicate the case of pronouns. . Choose words with the same root for the highlighted word and write them down.

Didn’t get disappointed in anything (P.p.), didn’t touch anything (D.p.), doesn’t understand anything (P.p.), doesn’t ask about anything (P.p.), doesn’t count does not care for anything (V.p.), does not participate in anything (P.p.), will not get used to anything (D.p.).

Disappointed - enchant, enchant, enchant, be enchanted.

470. Write down, indicating the conditions for combined and separate writing not and neither. . In what communication situations could you use these proverbs?

1. No one can grasp the immensity. 2. He who is accustomed to scolding cannot get along with anyone. 3. He who comes late finds nothing.

471. Read and title the text. Find pronouns in the text and determine their category. Explain the studied spellings in pronouns.

472. Write down, indicating the spelling “Conjoined and separate spelling of not and neither in negative pronouns.”

Do not rush to grab with your hands anything that is on the plate.
Don't push anyone's elbow who is sitting next to you.
Don't talk loudly to anyone, don't try to talk over anyone.

473. Write down nouns, adjectives, verbs and pronouns in two columns. Continuous writing | Separate writing

474. Dictation. Indicate the conditions for choosing the spelling “Not and neither in negative pronouns.”

1. A strange, quiet, intermittent sound unlike anything was heard somewhere very close. 2. Although Petya was sitting on the mulberry tree, he did not see anyone or anything. 3. Needless to say, Petya was delighted at the offer to go on a fishing boat. 4. It seemed that the man drowning in the sea could not rely on anyone. 5. Rodion Zhukov is no different from the sailors of the mutinous ship.

NOT AND NOR IN NEGATIVE PRONOUNS

Not- And neither- . They express the absence of something: an object, a sign, a quantity.

Console Not- always percussion, prefix neither- unstressed.

Negative pronouns change by case. Pronouns no one, nothing do not have a nominative case.

1 . Write down, following the example of no one - whose, how these words are formed.

No one, no one, no one, nothing, nothing, no one.

2 . How do you understand the meaning of the poem called “Nothing”? How to pronounce this word?

Nothing