Trinity-Lykovo (Troitskoe-Lykovo) is one of the most beautiful and expensive corners of Moscow. In the past, here, in the bend of the Moscow River, there were huge floodplain meadows, above which ancient estates were built on the spurs of the hills. In the 1930s, the Moscow-Volga Canal (nowadays) ran nearby. Trinity-Lykovo and the nearby Serebryany Bor have become favorite vacation spots for Muscovites. However, already in our time, there were forces who decided to close the ancient estate with a unique architectural monument for free access to citizens.
* Tour organizer:
The former Troitse-Lykovo estate. Guests are not welcome here 🙁
Since photography is prohibited on the territory of the former estate, there weren’t many photos, and to write this article I had to partially use photos from the Internet.
History of the Trinity-Lykovo estate
The history of Trinity-Lykov begins in 1610, when Vasily Shuisky, then the Tsar of Moscow, granted the palace village of Troitskoye to Prince Boris Mikhailovich Lykov-Obolensky (1576-1646). He moved it and the wooden Trinity Church two miles north, closer to the Moscow River, calling this place New Trinity. The former place, Old Trinity, was named Cherevkovo (Cherepkovo). On the site of the altar of the former church, a chapel was erected, which was demolished for the 1980 Moscow Olympics.
The Lykovs belonged to the ancient noble family of the Obolenskys. The prince's great-grandfather, Ivan Vladimirovich Obolensky, bore the nickname "Lyko". The Lykovs came from him. The prince's wife, Anastasia Nikitichna, belonged to the noble Romanov family: she was a relative of Queen Anastasia, the first wife of Tsar Ivan the Terrible, and was the sister of Patriarch Filaret, the father of the first Russian Tsar from the Romanov dynasty, Mikhail Fedorovich. Thanks to this relationship, the Lykovs became one of the first families of the Moscow nobility. From 1619 to 1642, Boris Mikhailovich Lykov was in charge of the most important state orders - the Stone, Siberian, Kazan Palace, Yamsky, Monastic, and was one of the participants in the Seven Boyars - the transitional government of the Russian kingdom.
According to the scribe books of 1646, in Troitsky-Lykovo there was a boyar courtyard, a cattle courtyard, 16 courtyards of people from the courtyard, and in them there were 27 people. After the death of Boris Mikhailovich, the village passed into the palace department.
In 1690, the Naryshkins, brothers of Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna, who, accordingly, were the nephew of Peter I, became the owners of Troitsky, as well as Cherepkov, Rublev and other villages. In 1698-1703, on an embankment hill above the Moscow River, in the highest place of the estate, on the site of the old temple, a ceremonial stone church was erected in the “Naryshkin Baroque” style.
According to some sources, the author of the project could be the Russian architect Yakov Grigorievich Bukhvostov, one of the founders of the Naryshkin style. This is indicated by the document stating: “May God remember the master builders of this Holy Church, your slaves, the stone makers Mikhail and Mitrofan and Yakov...”, discovered in the archive by Professor V.S. Toporov. In addition, the composition and decor of the Trinity Church are close to the Savior Church in Ubory and the Gate Church of the Entrance to Jerusalem in New Jerusalem, the author of which is Yakov Bukhvostov. According to legend, Peter I laid the foundation stone for the temple under construction.
Trinity Church stands on a low basement, decorated with a balustrade on all sides. The church building is a tiered-pyramidal composition “octagon on quadrangle”, which was common at the time of construction. On the octagon there is a narrower tier in which the bells are located, thereby connecting the church and the bell tower in one building - “a church like the bells.” The temple is crowned with a patterned drum with one head. A symmetrical altar part and a western vestibule, topped with domes on two-tier drums, are attached to the building from the east and west. Colorful, non-repeating platbands frame the windows. The walls are covered with white stone decorations. Forged doors and shutters were decorated with floral patterns. The crosses were gilded by the masters of the Armory Chamber, Alexei and Boris Maerov.
Trinity Church, view from the west
Trinity Church, detail
Window casing
North façade, detail
North façade
The interior decoration of the temple was no less luxurious. The tall carved nine-tiered iconostasis in the Baroque style was decorated with carved vines with clusters, strange plants and fruits. There are two tiers of choirs along the walls; from the upper tier you can get to the bell tower. The royal seat, located in the western part of the choir, is a lantern with a crown crowning it. The walls inside were originally painted like marble.
In 1935, the Trinity Church received the status of an architectural monument of world significance and was registered by the League of Nations.
Royal place
Iconostasis of the Trinity Church, photo from the site www.art-sobor.ru
After the division of real estate between the Naryshkin brothers in 1732, Trinity-Lykovo passed to captain Ivan Lvovich Naryshkin (1700-1734), and then to his daughter Ekaterina Ivanovna (1729-1771). Thanks to her marriage to Kirill Grigoryevich Razumovsky (1728-1803), the estate became the property of the Razumovskys in 1749.
Count Kirill Grigoryevich Razumovsky went down in history as Field Marshal General, a brilliant nobleman at the court of Empresses Elizabeth Petrovna and Catherine the Great, President of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Under him and his son Alexei Kirillovich (1748-1822), who was interested in botany, a regular park was laid out on the estate.
By the beginning of the 19th century, the population of the village of Troitskoye increased to 339 people. Local residents were engaged in agriculture, trade in Moscow markets, served the crossing on the Moscow River and rafted timber. The lace made in Troitsky was also famous.
During the Patriotic War of 1812, the French cavalry and looters destroyed the estate. Numerous church valuables were taken from the Trinity Church, in particular the holy antimension. However, thanks to the partisans operating nearby, the loot was recovered and returned to the estate. The only thing that was lost was the ancient chandelier, which was sawn into pieces. In its place, Emperor Alexander I sent a new bronze chandelier with crystal pendants. On February 14, 1813, the estate churches were re-consecrated and services resumed there.
In 1834, Count Nikolai Aleksandrovich Buturlin (1801-1867) became the owner of Troitsky-Lykov. In 1851-1852, a stone winter church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, made in the Russian-Byzantine style, was built, as well as a brick manor house and greenhouses.
In 1876, Troitskoye-Lykovo was acquired by a merchant and industrialist, owner of Moscow apartment buildings and hotels, honorary citizen Ivan Andreevich Karzinkin (1790-after 1869). After his death, the estate was inherited by his son, Tula nobleman and owner of the tea company Sergei Ivanovich Karzinkin (1847-1887). After his death, the estate went to his widow, Yulia Matveevna Karzinkina (1850-1915).
Under Yulia Matveevna, large construction began on the estate. On a cliff above the Moscow River, according to the design of the architect Ivan Pavlovich Ropet (Petrov), a fabulous wooden house was built in the old Russian style, decorated with intricate carvings (unfortunately, it burned down in 1990). The appearance of this house can be partly imagined from another surviving creation of Ropet -.
In addition to the owners, numerous guests and wanderers lived in the estate. The Vasnetsov, Tretyakov, and Gnessin brothers visited here, and the Shalyapin family stayed for a long time.
Behind the house there was a beautiful garden, a park with “ventures” - a river, ponds, islands, gazebos, park sculpture. In addition, stables, a carriage house, a sheepfold, a cattle yard, a pigsty, a poultry house, a forge with a workshop and a water pump, a barn with a basement, a granary, a wooden bathhouse, a stone greenhouse with a greenhouse and a biological station were built on the estate.
In 1876, at the Assumption Church, an almshouse was opened at the expense of the merchants Korzinkins, and in 1891 - a hospital for the poor. Yulia Matveevna Karzinkina founded a school, an orphanage, and a children's hospital. In 1879, the Trinity Church was renovated: the iconostasis and central dome were re-gilded, the painting was renewed, the outer walls were plastered and whitewashed.
According to data for 1884, there were 88 peasant houses in the village, in which 371 men and 397 women lived, there was one zemstvo school, one stud farm, one shop and one tavern. Troitskoe-Lykovo at that time received a new name - Karzinkino, and for some time in Moscow guidebooks one could find two names - new and old. In 1899, Yulia Matveevna’s son, Sergei Sergeevich Karzinkin, took over the care of the estate.
Early 1900s Assumption Winter Church was rebuilt in pseudo-Russian style according to the design of the architect Semyon Kulagin. A bell tower, a two-story refectory, and chapels in the choirs were built in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God and St. Seraphim of Sarov (not preserved).
Interior decoration of the Assumption Church in Trinity-Lykovo. Photo from the site tl.strogino.ru
By 1904, Troitskoye-Lykovo already had 125 households, in which 610 people lived. In 1914, by order of Yulia Matveevna Karzinkina, the main manor house was given over to an almshouse, and the Karzinkins moved to the wooden house of Ropeta. In 1915, before her death, Yulia Matveevna Karzinkina bequeathed the estate to the Holy Trinity community, which moved here in 1917 and opened the Holy Trinity Convent here.
Surprisingly, the Karzinkins favored revolutionary sentiments. Revolutionary-minded youth often gathered with them; Sergei Sergeevich knew Lenin and provided financial assistance to the RSDLP and revolutionaries.
After the revolution, the estate was nationalized, some of the Karzinkin family emigrated. Soon the monastery ceased to exist, although the community, transformed into a commune, existed until 1929. In March 1922, V.I. Lenin rested in Trinity-Lykovo for almost three weeks, since the GPU considered that the stay of the leader of the revolution in Gorki was dangerous. Trinity-Lykovo was even considered as one of the options for Lenin’s residence.
According to N.K. Krupskaya, during their walks they talked a lot on anti-religious topics, and perhaps it was here that Lenin wrote the article “On the Significance of Militant Materialism.” In 1929, the wooden house where Lenin lived burned down.
Then the former estate was transferred to the Moscow Zoo, which never took advantage of the offer. Then a rest house for GPU employees was located here. In 1924, Trinity-Lykovo was transferred to the Turkmen House of Education. The name, Turkmensky Passage, reminds us of that period. More than 200 Turkmen children were brought here and settled in former temples. Local residents were outraged by this neighborhood. One day on Maslenitsa there was such a big fight that they started ringing the alarm bell in churches.
However, over time, passions subsided, local residents and Turkmen became friends. The House of Education was transformed first into a Turkmen workers' school, and then into a Turkmen rest house. In 1936, the wooden Assumption Church burned down.
Wooden Assumption Church (not preserved)
In the autumn-winter of 1941, when the front line came close to Moscow, on the instructions of the Academy of Architecture, measurements and recording of the best architectural monuments of the Moscow region were organized. The measurements of the Trinity Church were carried out by Vasily Ivanovich Podklyuchnikov, an expert in the “Naryshkin baroque”. In 1945, after his death, the album “Three Monuments of the 17th Century. Church in Fili. Church in Ubory. Church in Trinity".
In 1942, the estate was transferred to the Suvorov Music School. In the 1960s, Trinity-Lykovo became part of Moscow, but managed to maintain its dacha appearance. Only the northern part of the village, located behind the ravine, was demolished - now high-rise buildings in the Strogino district rise here. Currently, Troitse-Lykovo is included in the “List of Protected Villages in Moscow” and is the only village within the Moscow Ring Road whose demolition is not planned in the next decade.
Meanwhile, the Trinity Church, despite its protected status, continued to deteriorate. Almost all the paintings inside were lost, and the exterior decor was also damaged. In 1970, restoration work began under the leadership of Professor I.V. Ilyenko, but due to insufficient funding they were soon curtailed, and the temple continued to deteriorate. In the 1980s, it was planned to transfer the territory to the dispensary of the Institute of Atomic Energy named after. Kurchatova. In 1989, an explosion seriously damaged the Assumption Church, which at that time housed a warehouse for paint and varnish materials of the Kurchatov Institute. In the fall of 1990, Ropeta’s “fairytale” house burned down.
Ruins of Ropeta's house
At the turn of the 1980-90s, the churches on the territory of the former estate were transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church. They were restored, and regular services began. It would seem that the story could end on this optimistic note. If not for one “but”.
Mysterious construction site, or unauthorized entry is prohibited
I came to the Trinity-Lykovo estate on a tour. At the entrance to the territory there was a metal detector frame. It was strange, but nothing more. Immediately behind her, a security guard approached me and, pointing at my SLR camera, forbade me from filming on the territory. True, he graciously allowed our group to take photographs with their phones.
Security guards of a private security company at the entrance to the territory of the former estate
Of course, I was outraged. In front of us stood ancient architectural monuments. Where does the ban on shooting with a SLR camera come from?
Despite the guards' prohibitions, I still began to take photographs, especially since the guide said that two weeks ago there was no such ban. The guards began to follow us, closely monitoring us to ensure that we did not violate the ban on photography. We could probably agree with them and take pictures with our phone. But the trouble is that my phone was dying. And this ban itself was extremely absurd.
Security guards in Troitse-Lykovo accompanied our group everywhere, keeping a close eye on us not taking pictures with cameras.
When we entered Trinity Church, they stood on both sides, vigilantly making sure that we did not photograph anything inside. They also prohibited photography from the outside of a certain old-style building, which they called the “Gymnasium.” In response to my requests to show a written official ban on photography with a SLR camera, they refused me, citing that they were forced people, the boss forbade them, and so on and so forth.
On the left is the building of the Gymnasium, which for unknown reasons is prohibited from being photographed. According to rumors, a month of training there costs 15 thousand rubles without meals
Naturally, the mood was spoiled. If it weren’t for the security guards’ ban on photography, I would have calmly photographed the temples, listened to a wonderful tour, and then written an article about the beauty of this place. Instead, they focused my attention on a serious problem.
Already at home I began to figure out what was going on. It turned out that the current situation is very far from ideal.
Access to the territory of Trinity-Lykovo is regulated by the following legislative acts:
1. Decree of the Moscow government No. 1012 of 1998 “On project proposals for establishing the boundaries of specially protected natural areas: the Moskvoretsky natural park, the Ostankino natural-historical park and the Petrovsko-Razumovskoye complex reserve,”
2. According to Law No. 48 of 2001 “On Specially Protected Natural Areas of Moscow,” Trinity-Lykovo is recognized as a zone of specially protected landscape and a zone for the protection of historical and cultural objects.
3. Federal Law No. 73 of 2002 “On the objects of cultural heritage of the peoples of Russia” guarantees free access to the territory to any citizen.
On the Internet you can find a lot of evidence of how citizens’ rights are violated in Trinity-Lykovo: entry to the territory is limited, photography is prohibited. From conversations with those who have been here many times before, it turned out that many trees in the park have been destroyed, part of the territory is fenced off and incomprehensible construction is underway there.
Since 1992, the “priest” Stefan Prystaja has been rampaging here, closing the territory from ordinary citizens and turning the park into a giant garbage dump, where hundreds of trees, bushes and thousands of square meters of soil cover were destroyed. ... In 2012, through the efforts of the public, these facts received wide publicity. However, the city authorities, instead of bringing Mr. Pristay to court for the crimes committed and terminating the lease agreement with the Russian Orthodox Church as an unscrupulous tenant, transferred the estate to the direct jurisdiction of Patriarch Kirill (Gundyaev). More details: http://openbereg.ru/?p=5749
In April 2013, the temple complex on the territory of the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the Trinity-Lykovo estate was transferred as a metochion to the Intercession Stavropegial Convent, located in Moscow at the Intercession Gate.
I would very much like to find out from the abbess of the monastery why it is prohibited on the territory to photograph an architectural monument, which is on the UNESCO World Heritage List, with a good camera. I would also like to understand why it is generally prohibited to photograph cultural heritage sites on the territory of monasteries and churches. When there is a service, the prohibition is clear and justified. But at other times? Surely many who read this article or see photographs of Trinity Church on the Internet will want to see it with their own eyes and take a photo as a keepsake. And what? They will get a scolding from the guards. Will a person have a good attitude towards the Russian Orthodox Church after this? After all, many will simply turn around and leave. And they will never return here again, remembering that disgusting feeling that this is a place for the chosen inhabitants of heaven. And I also think that if I had been here not as part of an excursion group, but on my own, the guards would not have stood on ceremony and probably could have taken away my expensive camera.
Troitse-Lykovo estate on the map
- Address: Moscow, Odintsovskaya str., 24
- Metro: Strogino, Krylatskoye, Spartak
As for when you can get to the territory of the former estate, I cannot say anything. Perhaps the easiest way is with a tour. It is hoped that at least with your own eyes you will see all the main attractions.
PS. Unfortunately, I am forced to close comments on this article due to the inadequacy of some commentators.
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Moscow region, Mytishchi district, village. Trinity.
350 years ago, in 1653, on the banks of the river. Klyazma in the Ivanishkovo wasteland, Prince Yakov Nikitich Odoevsky built a wooden church in honor of the Holy Life-Giving Trinity, and this area began to be called the village of Trinity after the church. Thus, the exact date of construction of the temple and the formation of the village of Troitskoye is known.
Then, in 1695, Prince Mikhail Yakovlevich Cherkassky, who at that time owned the village of Troitsk, began construction of a stone church and was completed in 1704, and in 1815-1822. Under the new owner of the village, Count Dmitry Nikolaevich Sheremetev, a stone bell tower was erected.
At the beginning of the 20th century. the temple was somewhat expanded, because... could no longer accommodate the ever-increasing parishioners.
The year 1917 came, and with it came a most difficult test for the Orthodox Church, which did not bypass the Trinity Church. Its last three abbots had to suffer a lot from the godless authorities. In 1929, Fr. was arrested on false charges. Pyotr Kholmogorov. After several months of imprisonment, he was released, but his health was severely undermined, and he could no longer fully fulfill his pastoral ministry. Archpriest who replaced him. Vasily Rybnov was shot in the head by a Komsomol member, maddened by atheistic propaganda, in front of parishioners while performing funeral vespers at home in the village. Novoseltsevo in 1931
The last rector of Trinity Church was Rev. Sergius Tretyakov (from 1931 to 1936). In 1936 he was arrested, and the further fate of Fr. Sergia is unknown. Immediately after this, the temple was closed, and the bells were removed from it that same year. Then in 1940 it lost its completion and was desecrated.
During the Second World War, the temple was used as a bomb shelter. In 1945, it housed a weaving factory, and in the late 1970s. it was replaced by a foundry that operated until 1990. Over the years, the temple became unrecognizable and became very dilapidated, and trees grew on its roof.
Church life in Trinity was revived in 1995, but the temple had not yet been transferred to the church, and therefore services were held near its walls - first on the street, and then in the building of a change house built for the workers of the foundry. In 1997, the temple was returned to its real owner - the Holy Orthodox Church, and the first divine service was held in it on the day of the celebration of the discovery of the relics of St. Sergius of Radonezh, July 18, i.e. on one of his patronal feast days. From that moment the restoration of the temple began.
The parishioners and benefactors of the Church of the Holy Trinity had to work a lot so that their temple could regain its once lost splendor. In 1999, the newly cast bells took their rightful place, and in the same year the church was given the clergy house located across the road, which, like the temple, needed serious restoration. Nowadays, the restoration work of the temple is almost completed, its territory has been landscaped, a new baptismal building has been built and a fence has been erected. In 2000-2004 The clergy house was restored, an almshouse, a garage and storage rooms were built.
Clergy: priest Vladimir Sharov (rector), deacon Georgy Sharov. Divine services are held on Sundays and holidays.
Church of the Life-Giving Trinity near the Bibirevo District - description, coordinates, photos, reviews and the ability to find this place in the Moscow region (Russia). Find out where it is, how to get there, see what's interesting around it. Check out other places on our interactive map for more detailed information. Get to know the world better.
Address: 141722 Moscow region, Mytishchi district, village of Trinity-Seltsy, Trinity Church
Rector of the temple: Archpriest Dimitry Dubinin
Email: [email protected]
Internet site: http://selci.orthodoxy.ru
Reading the provincial documents for 1859, we learn that the village of Troitskoye-Seltsy is located on the left side of the Dmitrovsky tract (from Moscow to Kalyazin), 32 versts from the provincial town. The village is state-owned, near wells, there is an Orthodox Church in it, the number of households is 42, 276 people live in those households, of which: 135 men, and 139 women. In the last decades of the 20th century, it was customary to assert that “under the tsarist regime,” complete illiteracy reigned in the countryside. So, in the documents for 1899, the number of literate and schoolchildren was especially noted. And there were 110 of them from the male population! This is despite the fact that there were 65 men of “conscription” age from 18 to 60 years old.
Historical information tells us: “Seletskaya tithe” got its name from the village that is called Trinity - Seltse, and in the 17th century occupied part of the Moscow district from the Tverskaya outpost on the right side of the Tverskaya high road and from the Butyrskaya outpost on both sides of the Dmitrovskaya road north to the borders of Dmitrovsky district. The Seletsk tithe, judging by the scribe books for 1623 -1624, included the following villages: Korovino, Bykovo, Manatevo, Rozhdestvenskoye - Suvorovo, Kononovo, Mikhalevo, Cherkizovo, Bokhovo, Khimki, Kosmodamyanskoye, Ievlevo, Ioretovo.
“Tithe” is a church-administrative division of a diocese that existed before the beginning of the 18th century, a district or a set of rural churches located in the same area and headed by tithes. Ten priests supervised ten of the forty churches, which in turn were entrusted to the supervision of the priestly elder.
The Church of the Holy Trinity began to be mentioned in scribe books in 1585. For the year 1624, in the same scribe book we read: “The patrimony of the Great Sovereign, His Holiness Patriarch Philaret Nikitich of Moscow and All Rus', is the village of Troitskoye, and Seltsy is also on the Ucha River, and in it is the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity of the Wooden Kletsk, and in it are images and candles , and books, and bells on the bell tower...” The Church itself and the buildings of the clergy stood on patriarchal land. There stood the house of the priest Leonty, and the courtyard of the sexton Neustroyka Vasilyev, and the courtyard of the mallow maker Varvara. And besides them, in the village itself there were ten peasant households and four households, and in them there were 14 people. From 1635 to 1673, a chapel in honor of Archangel Michael was mentioned at the Church.
In 1646, Priest Kirill was located at the Trinity Church. In the village there were already 23 peasant households and 3 bobyl households, with three people in them. The warmth of people's concern for the church in 1650 was expressed in the acquisition of an altar cross for the chapel of St. Leonty of Rostov, two Greek sponges, holes for the royal gates and the northern doors, and lamp oil. A few years passed, and in Troitsky-Seltsy there appeared a patriarchal “stanovoy” yard, a stable yard, a oxen yard, a zemstvo sexton’s yard, and a mill yard. And on the church land there are the courtyards of the Priest Ulyan Grigoriev, the church sexton Ivashka Grigoriev, the sexton Petrushka Nesterov and the courtyard of the mallow maker Fedoritsa Matveeva (Census Book 9812, sheet 13).
In 1686, a new church in the name of the Holy Trinity was built. On November 8, “royal doors with columns and a canopy and a crown” were purchased for the newly built church in the Trade Row, and eleven icons were purchased for the Deesis. The next day, November 9, the church was consecrated by His Holiness Patriarch Joachim, and at the end of the “Divine Liturgy, he granted priest Julian and the clerics half a ruble for a prayer service” (Patr. Book 122, l. 129 and 163). In 1690 - 1695 there was a priest Fyodor Seluanov at the church. From 1701 to 1731, the priest Ivan Fedorov was at the church, with him from 1701 to 1720 - sexton Afanasy Ivanov and sexton Vasily Fedorov, a. in 1720 there was deacon Mikhail Ivanov. Under Priest Ivan Fedorov, it was planned to build a new church. On September 21, 1711, O. John wrote a petition (petition), in which he described the condition of the old church. In 1716, the same priest Ivan Fedorov with the “parish people” again beat the Patriarchal Order, saying that in April they bought a wooden church in Moscow, in the Kudrinskaya Sloboda for 80 rubles, and it was not possible for them to bring it out with the help of the peasants of the village of Troitsky - Selets . A thousand carts are needed, “and the great sovereign would grant orders to give help to the church for the carriage...” On June 20, the same year, a resolution was written on the petition: “by decree of the great sovereign, boyar Prince Peter Ivanovich Prozorovsky, having listened to this petition and extracts, ordered: from all the patriarchal estates near Moscow, two carts should be given to that church for the cart...”. No news has yet been found about how the Church of the Holy Trinity was transported, when it was erected and consecrated. However, from a report to Moscow Metropolitan Timothy, it becomes known that in August 1760, the Trinity Church burned down and a wooden church was transported to the village from the village of Kuchkova, Pereslavl diocese, from the estate of artillery major Peter Tolstoy. The church was called the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos with the chapel of St. Alexis, Metropolitan of Moscow. The newly brought church was installed in its original church place, supplied with utensils, and new ones were issued in place of the burnt antimensions.
Forty years passed, and now, in May 1803, the priest Mikhei Avraamov submitted a petition to His Eminence Seraphim, Bishop of Dmitrovsky, in which he asked for permission to “... plank and cut down the church, which had fallen into disrepair,” since “the designated Trinity Church of the wooden building which from the long-standing construction, the wooden bell tower has fallen into disrepair..." Another forty years passed and the old wooden church "... which, due to the dilapidation of 1843, was broken down by the resolution of His Eminence."
In the place where the old wooden church stood you can now see a pond. According to the stories of old-timers, clay was taken from this place for firing the bricks from which the current church was built, and in earlier times, only horses were given water from this pond; bathing in it and washing clothes was not allowed. The cemetery, which was located around the Church in the 16th - 18th centuries, is today built up with residential buildings, the owners of which, while digging wells, stumble upon the remains of ancient burials.
The history of the current stone church began on January 10, 1822, as befits in such cases, with a petition addressed to Moscow Archbishop Philaret from priest Theodore Alekseev with the “parish people.” It was decided that the new church would be built in stone and in a new location. "On May 4, 1822, at a village gathering, the peasants, "by their general verdict, provided the church irrevocably and free of charge," "with the consent of the Trinity clergy and parishioners," a plot of land 23 fathoms long and 15 fathoms wide. On May 12, 1823, this land was allocated by the Moscow district land surveyor, but the paperwork stretched right up to August 1836! In September of the same year, on the 6th, the parish peasants confirmed in writing their obligation regarding the land. In the same document, they “obliged to build a stone church at their own expense, by collecting 4 rubles from each audit soul. per year, with the delivery of firewood for firing bricks and other materials..." The result of this agreement was an order to allow "... in the village of Troitsky Seltsy, also to build a new stone church in the name of the Holy Trinity with a chapel of the Archangel Michael and a bell tower.. .to issue a temple certificate for which building.”
The chapel of Archangel Michael (warm) was consecrated on July 11, 1843. The chapel of the Life-Giving Trinity (cold) was consecrated on May 26, 1849.
The newly built Temple, now canonized, was consecrated by Metropolitan Philaret (Drozdov) of Moscow.
One of the last rectors of the Church of the Holy Trinity, before its closure, was Archpriest Sergei Konstantinovich Daev, (later Archbishop Macarius of Mozhaisk). In 1937, Fr. Sergius began working in the office of His Beatitude Metropolitan Sergius. In 1944 - assistant to Metropolitan Nikolai (Krutitsky). On May 2, 1944, he was tonsured into monasticism with the name Macarius, and on May 12, he was named Bishop of Mozhaisk. On May 14, the consecration took place. On February 25, 1951, His Holiness Patriarch Alexy awarded him the rank of Archbishop. “The last years of the life of Vladyka Macarius were filled with sorrows and trials,” wrote Priest Nikolai Radkovsky, “...in 1955, in Radonitsa, while helping the clergy of his church in commemorating the dead, Archbishop Macarius, overworked from long previous services, fell unconscious. In September 1959 "The paralysis again put the patient to bed. The weakened heart could no longer overcome the serious illness, and on January 13, 1960, Archbishop Macarius left us for a better life."
Vladyka Macarius was buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery, near the south side of the temple. The last priest of the Church of the Holy Trinity is Vasily Nikolaevich Nikolsky, born in 1888, who graduated from theological seminary in 1912. The Seletsky parish was assigned in 1930. After 8 years, namely, on March 14, 1938, he was arrested, convicted by a troika of the USSR NKVD in the Moscow region on charges of “counter-revolutionary slander,” and executed on July 1 of the same year at the Butovo training ground.
The destruction of the Temple began with the confiscation of church valuables. All icons and icon cases, as well as parts of the iconostasis coated with gold leaf, were thrown into cauldrons with boiling water installed right in the Temple courtyard. In this way they tried to wash away the gold. What was not of “value” was used as kindling for fires. After its closure, the Temple was used by the state farm to store grain, potatoes, fertilizers, fodder, and at one time they tried to adapt it as a rural club for showing films. During the Great Patriotic War, the front passed one and a half kilometers from the church, and the bell tower was damaged by German artillery.
The Church of the Holy Trinity, paradoxically, suffered the most terrible destruction and losses in our time. “Perestroika”, which swept across the Russian expanses like a pestilence, with the connivance of local authorities and complete indifference to the “protection of monuments and culture”, placed a “limited liability partnership” in the church building<<МАРТ>>". This "partnership" began producing plastic products, for which purpose, inside the Temple, having razed the southern doorway, they installed about a dozen multi-ton machines, a vacuum installation, and a drying chamber. From the outside of the Temple, on the north side, they dug two tanks for draining oil, a compressor room was installed on the south side. To make it easier to load finished products, soil was poured under the walls, as a result of which the entire base and part of the brickwork ended up underground, and the walls, like a sponge, began to draw in destructive moisture, quickly collapsing under its influence. has been repaired since the times of “autocracy”, this can be clearly seen in the photograph taken in 1975, water flowed from the vaults when it rained, the painting done on the plaster according to patterns from the Cathedral of Christ the Savior began to crumble, and then it was simply knocked down all over.
In the summer of 1993, the dilapidated and desecrated Temple was handed over to believers. From the very first day, prayers were served, akathists were read, and in the fall, on the feast of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary, the Divine Liturgy was already served. Remembering the first Divine Services, one is amazed at the faith and strength that abided with those praying. Windows covered with film, holes in the walls, the wind swirling withered leaves across the floor, piles of metal, heaps of abandoned machines, a thirty-degree frost that covered the floor and walls with ice, could not overcome the group of praying parishioners, among whom were both old and young. Faith warmed the souls and hearts of people. Faith gave them the strength to go to service through snow-covered fields, despite the blizzard and frost. Old, infirm women were transformed; they stood in prayer with “burning candles.” Gradually, a community was formed, the first parishioners appeared, and through their prayers, miraculously, the necessities for service and repairs appeared. Parish life began to warm up, a Sunday children's school opened. Several years passed and the community began publishing a monthly parish newspaper. People, after decades of wandering and non-existence, again took to the road leading to the Temple.
TO GOD. TO THE RESCUE.
In 1653, on the banks of the Klyazma River in the Ivanishkovo wasteland, Prince Yakov Nikitich Odoevsky built a wooden church in honor of the Holy Life-Giving Trinity, and this area began to be called the village of Trinity after the church. Thus, the exact date of construction of the temple and the formation of the village of Troitskoye is known.
Then, in 1695, Prince Mikhail Yakovlevich Cherkassky, who at that time owned the village of Troitsky, began construction of a stone church and was completed in 1704, and in 1815-1822. Under the new owner of the village, Count Dmitry Nikolaevich Sheremetev, a stone bell tower was erected.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the temple was somewhat expanded, as it could no longer accommodate the constantly increasing parishioners.
The year 1917 came, and with it came a most difficult test for the Orthodox Church, which did not bypass the Trinity Church. Its last three abbots had to suffer a lot from the godless authorities. In 1929, Archpriest Pyotr Kholmogorov was arrested on false charges. After several months of imprisonment, he was released, but his health was severely undermined, and he could no longer fully fulfill his pastoral ministry. Archpriest Vasily Rybnov, who replaced him, was shot in the head by a Komsomol member, maddened by atheistic propaganda, in front of parishioners, while performing funeral vespers at home in the village. Novoseltsevo in 1931.
The last rector of the Trinity Church was Archpriest Sergius Tretyakov from 1931 to 1936. In 1936 he was arrested and the further fate of Father Sergius is unknown. Immediately after this, the temple was closed, and the bells were removed from it that same year. Then in 1940 it lost its completions and was desecrated.
During the Second World War, the temple was used as a bomb shelter. In 1945, it housed a weaving factory, and in the late 70s it was replaced by a foundry that operated until 1990. Over the years, the temple became unrecognizable and became very dilapidated, and trees grew on its roof.
Church life in the village of Troitsky was revived in 1995, but the temple had not yet been transferred to the church and therefore services were performed near the walls of the temple, first on the street, and then in the building of a change house built for the workers of the foundry. In 1997, with the personal participation of Metropolitan Juvenaly of Krutitsy and Kolomna, the temple was returned to its real owner - the Holy Orthodox Church. The first divine service there was performed on the day of the celebration of the discovery of the relics of St. Sergius of Radonezh, July 18, i.e., on one of his patronal feast days. From that moment the restoration of the temple began.
The parishioners and benefactors of the Church of the Holy Trinity had to work a lot so that their temple could regain its once lost splendor. In 1999, the newly cast bells took their rightful place, and in the same year the church was given the clergy house located across the road, which, like the temple, was in need of serious restoration. Now the work on the restoration of the temple is almost completed, its territory has been landscaped, a new baptismal building has been built and a fence has been erected. In 2000 - 2004, the clergy house was restored, an almshouse, a garage and warehouses were built.
Every year the number of parishioners of the Church of the Holy Trinity increases, and its ministry has gone far beyond the aisles of the church fence. Since 2000, a Sunday school has been operating in the clergy house, in which today young parishioners study the Law of God, Liturgy, Church Slavonic language, Church singing, practice music and drawing, and most importantly receive an Orthodox education.
The kindergarten in the neighboring village of Povedniki, where spiritual and charitable services are conducted, is also not deprived of the attention of the temple.
In military units No. 5583 and 23320, church clergy conduct weekly spiritual conversations with officers and conscripts.
In the boarding house M.O. located on the territory of the village of Troitskoye. “Podmoskovye” and the Red Cross sanatorium “Druzhba” the clergy regularly perform prayer services and conduct spiritual conversations with staff and vacationers.
Since 2000, the Temple, with the blessing of Metropolitan Juvenaly of Krutitsky and Kolomna, has been publishing its own newspaper, “Troitsky Messenger”.
A charity canteen operates daily at the temple, where everyone eats and social and charitable services are gradually being established.
In 2003, Archbishop Gregory of Mozhaisk performed the Great Consecration of the lower church in honor of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos.
In 2004, the Church of the Holy Trinity celebrated its 300th anniversary, and the main celebration of this event was the Great Consecration of the main upper Trinity Church and its two chapels in honor of the Saints of Alexandria Athanasius and Cyril and the Venerable Sergius of Radonezh, which was performed by the manager of the Moscow diocese, Metropolitan Juvenaly of Krutitsky and Kolomna .
For their efforts to restore the church and improve parish life, many parishioners and benefactors were awarded high patriarchal and metropolitan awards.
Parish life in the Church of the Holy Trinity is gradually improving, the wounds inflicted by years of hard times are being healed. It again becomes the spiritual center not only of the village of Trinity but also of the entire district.
Divine services in the temple are held on Saturdays, Sundays and holidays, and its doors are open daily.
Also, at present, the parish of the Trinity Church is building churches in the village of Povedniki of the New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia, the village of Afanasovo of the Presentation of the Lord and Church No. 5583 of the Archangel Gabriel. At the same time, Divine services are regularly held in the village of Povedniki and the village of Afanasovo.
Moscow Church in the name of the Life-Giving Trinity in Trinity-GolenishchivoThat year the temple was closed, the iconostasis was taken by director S. Eisenstein for the filming of the film “Ivan the Terrible”, and never returned to the temple. Where he disappeared is unknown. The antimensions of the chapels were moved to the neighboring Trinity Church in Vorobyovo, where a separate altar of Agapius and Jonah was established.
At various times, the church housed a village club, a Comintern radio station, then a cardboard factory, a factory of decorative secular candles, and, finally, a warehouse and music library of the USSR State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company.
In the 1970s There was no longer a warehouse in the temple, the building was empty and gradually fell into final decay. Later the temple was leased to the State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company.
That year, the process of handing over the temple to believers began, and on January 7, the first service was held there.
The Ionian Spring, located below the temple, on the river side, was cleared again. The church building has been almost completely restored.
Over the course of a year and a half, through the labors and donations of parishioners, a baptismal chapel was built near the Trinity Church. At the end of November of the year, the first sacraments of Baptism were performed there. Now everyone can receive Holy Baptism by immersing their heads in water three times.
Temple architecture
The current Trinity Church was built according to the “drawing” of Antipa Konstantinov, who also built the Terem Palace in the Kremlin. Larion Mikhailovich Ushakov was taken as his assistant.
In plan, the church is quite close to the Church of the Intercession of the Virgin Mary in Medvedkovo - two chapels are adjacent on both sides at the level of the apse, and on the west and south the main volume is surrounded by a gallery. The symmetrical aisles are smaller copies of the main volume - they are also crowned with tents, although with a slightly different decor, and have separate apses. The southern aisle is dedicated to Jonah, Metropolitan of Moscow, the northern - to St. Martyr Agapius. The domes crowning the central tent and chapels are small, placed on narrow elegant drums, decorated with a barely noticeable openwork row of kokoshniks. Kokoshniki surround the chapel tents. There is no such decoration around the main tent: it is placed on a simpler octagon, and the quadrangle of the lower tier of the temple ends with keel-shaped zakomaras. The tents of the aisles and the main volume are also different. The central tent is smooth, lined with iron, and the side tents are decorated with rows of false dormer openings, giving them greater openwork and elegance than the main one. Unique for those times were the triangular pediments above the apses of the aisles.
