It is best to entrust the repair of an optical sight by a specialist, but if such nearby did not turn out to be - take the case in your own hands. This article in general will help to figure out the device of optical sights, learn them to disassemble and implement the simplest repair work. Start with patience and attentiveness - we are immersed in the exact world of optics.
Before climbing in the inside of the optical sight, we'll figure it out in its technical device. The sight consists of the following components:
- Lens. This is a complex system consisting of several lenses. One of the key lens parameters - lights, it directly depends on its diameter. The outer lens is covered with an enlightening coating.
- Victory grid. Thanks to her, you make a weapon for sure. The grid is localized in the focal plane of your sight (ocular or objective). The simplest grids are half a bed and a cross.
- Wrapping system. Consists of a pair of lenses that turn the image making the "direct" picture.
- Eyepiece. Increased direct image is supplied to the eyepiece, thanks to which the arrows and considers the target. In the sights of a rifle type, the focal length of the eyepiece is about 50-70 mm. Frequent eyepiece is equipped with a rubber eyeclamp.
- The mechanism of entering horizontal / vertical amendments. Combines two points - aiming and hitting. The correction mechanisms of two types are common - tactical drums and permanent correction devices. Drums are equipped with a scale, on the axis of which the handwheel rotates. When setting up the arrows oriented to characteristic clicks.
- Illumination of the aiming grid. Modern sights are equipped with a LED, highlighting the central part or the entire grid. In some targets there is a brightness adjustment that allows you to debug an acceptable level of glow.
- Case. Usually the case of your optics plastic, sometimes it is made of light and durable alloy. The housing binds the components of the sight in the overall design, resistant to overloads arising during shooting.
Disassembly
Before disassembling sight, make sure that the necessary tools and "accessories" are available. You will need:
- remkomplekt (set of flat screwdrivers);
- inexpensive transparent sealant (without solvents);
- cotton swabs;
- clean cotton cloth;
- jars (for storing small bolts);
- flashlight.
As an example, consider the disassembly of the VOMZ-P model. You will face the following configuration:
- lens;
- eyepiece;
- lever;
- screw;
- cap;
- grid;
- corner scale of lateral amendments;
- linzing wrapping system;
- installation ring;
- the scale of aiming angles.
First you have to unscrew lenses (rear / front). Adjusting drums are screwed up to the stop (hour arrow), then unscrewed together with pressure washers. Then the push and locking bolts are turned away in turn. Half the pipe is unscrewed. Carefully squeezes a cassette containing an adjustable lens.
Lens is removed from the cassette (while try not to touch the glass with your fingers).
The lens-turning system is localized in the remaining pipe segment. If desired, it is easy to unscrew - the system is completed with one microboltik.
The design is collected in the reverse order. Pay attention to the trimming of the lenses - they can not be touched with fingers. Lenses are wiping with one-sided movements (pressing zero).
Repair of the sight of them - Highlights
The moment has come to study the fastening of the basic nodes of the optical sight. Please note that you are a fragile device, so it is necessary to disassemble with extreme caution. He starts to flure about after one and a half thousand shots. To prevent the coming problems, pull up fastening screws, follow the horizontal tip.
In this video, it is described how the optical sight is arranged and how to repair it (model Leapers 3-9 × 40):
Breppy lenses
Lenses for hunting weapons are distinguished by a large diameter designed for shooting at small distances (150-200 meters). Optics hunting has a multitude of rubbing surfaces that wear out over time. Handles arise, mechanical displacements and optical parallaxes.
Lenses are attached with the help of sealant. Obuving sight according to our instructions, you reach the ring nut holding a cross. Further the procedure is such:
- squeezing the cassette (do not lose the clamping spring);
- twisting front nut, lenses and guide cogs (2 pcs.);
- removing the adjustment lenses from the inner cylinder (it is necessary to do it carefully, without giving the cylinder vertical position);
- memorization of the location of the lenses;
- repairs.
If a retaining ring has been unwound (more often - anterior), the threads will be lubricated with sealant. After waiting for drying, collect the whole design in the reverse order.
Putting spring
During the repair actions, you will inevitably encounter a pressure spring that you need not just save, but also make sure its functionality.
A small advice: unscrew the nuts (if you did not show up a repair kit) can be a pointed tweezers.
Relied screws and wrenches (if they are poorly twisted) It is worth put on the sealant. Now the repaired design together with the spring must be stuffed back into the pipe - this is a rather laborious process. One end of the spring should end with a tooth, the other is completely smooth.
If necessary (the presence of jar), the second end of the spring should be seized. The spring is installed in the central part of the sight - between holes intended for the adjustment drums. The pipe is coming to the cassette with the assembled lenses, while the spring should be held through holes.
Lubricant
Not all the details and nodes of the optical sight need in lubricant. And even more precisely - only the rings need it. Lubrication to the surface of the lens is extremely undesirable. For the lubrication procedure you will need:
- The vertical correction drum is turned down until it stops, and the horizontal drum is left to the left.
- Vertical and horizontal drums face ("up" and "right", respectively). At the same time, it is necessary to calculate the number of clicks over the entire range.
It is best to deal with this in proud loneliness - households can knock down your mental counts. In addition, the rifle occupied the kitchen table (on a special machine) is not the most positive spectacle for his wife.
- Suppose 300 clicks are separated from the extreme positions of the drum. Count half (in this example - 150 clicks). It is the middle of both bands. The scope is "zoomed" - its optical and mechanical axes are combined.
To less often encounter repair work, protect your sight from bad weather - heat, humidity and direct sunlight. Cover the lenses with caps, avoid mechanical damage and hitting the lenses of harmful substances (lubricants, alcohol solutions). Periodically (after 1000-1500 shots) Check the internal mounts. Have a good hunting!
To begin with, I will explain to you what is all the same colmatory sight And how it works. If in a nutshell, then this is the sight in the form of a housing with a glass, in the center of which we see a sight label (it may be just a point, and maybe the figure is more complicated) But if you think about it, it is immediately clear - so that the scope does not like will need to watch in it under a strictly defined angle.
So the sight is just and is conceived to avoid this. When the arrows looks into the sight, he sees a sight label, induced to the target, it is worth a little to change the angle, under which he looks into the sight, as the label also shifts, and in the end indicates there.
The inconvenience of ordinary sights is that the shooting must combine the fly, the whole and purpose (total three objects). The human eye can focus only on one subject, or it will be a sight, or a goal, that is, another object (on which the look does not focus will be blurred). Uncomfortable, isn't it?
In the collimator sight, it is enough to combine two points: aiming label and purpose. The aiming mark and the goal will be in the same plane on what distance the target was not located. The arrows clearly sees the goal, and aiming label.
And now about how this miracle works. With the help of various optical devices (lenses, mirrors), the light from the source (usually LED) is assembled into a parallel beam of light and is sent to the eye arrow.
The person's eye perceives parallel rays of light, like the light from an infinitely remote subject. The line of aiming label parallel to the aiming line. The point is not on the glass, but in infinity, so when the head displaced, the aiming label remains on the target.
Colimator sights are open and closed type.
Sight closed type It consists of a light source and a focusing lens, the light source is behind the lens, in its focus, the same parallel rays of light are created.
One eye of the arrows is looking at the sight, another on the target, in the brain of a man two pictures are combined, and the shooter sees a targeted label for the target. The shooting accuracy directly depends on the perfyrical vision of a person. Closed-type sights are currently not used.
Open-type sights The same lens and light source are used, only with the help of mirrors, light on the translucent lens are directed. The lens reflects the parallel rays of the light into the human eye, and at the same time he can see the goal through it. Through such an eye can be aimed like one eye and two.
There are many other options for the performance of collimator sights, but we will not talk about it.
And now I will tell you how to make collimator sight with your own hands.
The device you see in the diagram. The light source must be pointing (a diode is suitable from the Chinese laser pointer) and must be in the focus of lenses. The light passes through the lens, reflected from the mirror (the mirror is installed under 45 degrees) and falls on the glass (we will consider it a translucent lens).
The glass is also installed under 45 degrees and reflects into your eyes. The lens should be sufficient large, otherwise there will be a small viewing angle. This is the simplest collimator who can be done at home. The sights of this type were widely used in aviation. VMW.
Browsing the militants or playing computer games associated with combat actions, we are accustomed to seeing a weapon having a special device in the form of sights. Without them, almost no weapons do. You can see the sights not only on weapons used in battle, but also such historical and ancient, like crossbows or bows. Therefore, it is advisable to give attention to pay attention, since they depends the most accurate hitting in the target. Install sights by fastening the lobby tail.
photo. Fastening for optical sight of a swallow tail
Nowadays, there are a lot of sighting devices that meet the requirements of both professional shooters and beginners. Many even try to make the scope with their own hands, some even turn out and quite well. Among the varieties of sights there are the following types:
- optic;
- mechanical or dioptric;
- collimator;
- laser.
Such devices are used as sights for Arbalet. Because in order to choose the best option, you need to know a little about them, let's consider each look separately.
Sight for crossbow collimator
A collimator sight is a type of optical sight, which is significantly different from the mechanical and dioptric device. These sights for crossbow and firearms are used. A collimator sight from such components:
- translucent lenses;
- colimators - ordinary or laser type, that is, the LED projecting on the lens glowing point is a targeted brand.
Lens is a kind of reflector of the aiming brand on the retina of the eye of the arrow, it is capable of combining with the plane of the target. If the arrows look at the sight, changing the viewing angle and leave weapons in a state of immobility, the sight will remain on the target, despite the modified, viewing angle. Using a collimator sight weapons can be attached to the target without losing the accuracy of aiming, even if the arrow's eye at this moment is not located on the same line with the target and the sight.
photo. Colmatory sight on crossbow
The collimator sight is open and closed. They possess the same principle of work, but differ in the design of the hull body. On the video you can see how to make a collimator sight independently, which is installed on the fastening of the lobby tail.
Scope mechanical for crossbow
It is worth saying that the optical sight today will not surprise a single arrow or even an ordinary person who, at least once in his life, had to see or hold a weapon in his hands. Such an eye consists of fly and the whole, that is, it is a standard set of pneumatics.
photo. Mechanical sight for crossbow
It is very easy to use such an eye, it is enough to combine in one plane flying, the whole target. But when performing a shot, everything is not so simple, since the person's eye cannot focus simultaneously on different objects. Therefore, when aiming eyes, the arrow first falls on the whole, then goes to the fly and again to the olok, only when the shot is made, the eye is moved to the fly. Such eye manipulations, you need to perform quickly without thinking. Sight can be installed on the fastening of the lobby tail.
Laser Sight on Cross
There is also a laser sight, which can be configured in any directions, horizontal or vertical. Laser sight is more suitable for weapons used for aiming for not too long distance. The advantages of such a sighting device are that the arrow is enough to send an eye on the target and follow the glowing point on it. But it has a laser sight and minus, namely, that it is impossible to actually be aiming for bright day lighting.
photo. Laser sight for crossbow
Optics for Arbalet
Considering the varieties of sighting devices, it is worth paying attention to optical sight. Despite the fact that even recently our arrows could only dream of them, today optical sights are available to every wishes. Such sights are quite diverse, used by military, hunters, athletes. People having pneumatic rifles often equip them with optics. After all, with its help you can keep the most accurate aiming and shooting.
Optical sights are almost always different and different with each other, despite the similar appearance. The composition of the optical sight is unique - these are lenses in blocks and high-precision adjustment mechanisms. In the picture you can see an optical device device:
photo. Optical sights on crossbow
The complexity of the optics design can only be compared with the telescope or the photo lens. The most important element of any optical device is a lens, with which a clear formation of the image occurs.
Choosing optical sights, you must understand their characteristics, only so you can make the best choice and install on fastening the lobby tail Suitable optical device. You can even try independently make a scope with your own handsAnd we will help you in this a little.
Dioptric scope with your own hands - device diopter sight
There is a dioptric sight that makes the point of aiming more accurate, but the process is somewhat slowed. A dioptric scope refers to a variety of mechanical sights, it is installed on the fastening of the lobby tail. Using in weapons, the dioptric sight of the eye arrow is directed to the target and the fly through a special incision made in the body of the sight. The peculiarity of such sights is that the fleece and target are clearly visible only if they are in one focus, with proper aiming, otherwise the arrow will not be visible. The minus of the dioptric sight is the complexity of firing with poor lighting and slowness, that is, it is impossible to quickly translate it to another goal. That is why such sighting devices are more suitable for sports competitions. On our portal you can watch a video, how to make an optical sight for a rifle, these sights are also used for crossbow.
Make a diopter scope on their own quite possible, the main thing is to have all the necessary materials, desire and patience. To make an eye need to prepare the material. A dioptric sight is a conventional plate that has a small hole (0.5-1.5 mm). You can take the bar of any regular sight, which then you have to disassemble, remove the sizes from the sighting plank and draw a new drawing.
photo. Device diopter sight
If there is no regular plate with a slot of 0.5 mm thick, you can take a steel plate having a thickness of 0.6 mm. Next, on the workpiece, you will need to outline all the necessary lines on the prepared drawing and cut the model of the sight. To improve the viewing angle, you can trim the edges of the plate. The landing ring is made using conventional rounds, as well as drills with a shank in a diameter of 2.5 mm.
As a result, you will get a ready part, which will then need to be adjusted, process and assemble the sight.
Making sight can be installed on the fastening of the lobby tail. Such sights are fully suitable for small arms in the form of crossbows. After you independently manufacture a sight or buy a new one you will surely need to perform an important task, namely a shooting.
How to make an optical sight with your own hands
Collect optical sights for crossbows with their own hands is quite difficult, but if you have such a desire, you will need a pipe for the sight, a lens sight, aiming mesh, wrapping the lysen and the lysen of the eyepiece. Imagine all these lenses need to properly select focal lengths.
Shot of a crossbow with optics - how to tar bullies?
After you completely collected the crossbow and keep it in your hands, you will need to experience it in order to know the principle of weapons and shooting range, as well as other possibilities. But in order to start a matter, you need to know all the rules how to tar bullies.
The sights of crossbows can be dioptric, optical, collimator or other type convenient to you. The process of targeting is very simple and will not be difficult even for a beginner arrow. The fact is that the sights have special drums that allow you to make amendments to aiming. One drum is located in the side of the sighting tube, and the second one. The drum scales for amendments are closed by a special cap, which is easily removed if you follow accuracy.
For shooting to be as accurate as possible, you need to learn how to handle a trigger and correctly aim.
The shelling of the crossbow begins with the near distances, which are gradually lengthened, more precisely with each accurate hit in the target. If you can't get into the target even from a close distance, make sure that the sight is installed correctly if everything is in order with the sight, perform a small adjustment. Remember, the adjustment is carried out until you get from close distance to the point you see before.
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photo. Sight for Arbalet
When you did everything, you can start a shot of a crossbow or other small arms, setting an eye on the fastening of a swallow tail. To aim, you must select a base distance, in which the central part of the sighting point of your sight coincides with the target. The target of the crossbow is carried out by many errors and new samples. The shooter shoots, makes amend, steps again, makes an amendment and so many times. You need to start a shooting from a few shots to the target, and then check which point arrows were sent. To easier to understand the technique of placing the crossbow, we suggest watch a learning video review on our portal, and better than a few.
Video shooting with a collimator sight
The times when the discovery in science could do anyone, almost completely remained in the past. Everything that the lover can open in chemistry, physics, biology - has long been known, rewritten and counted. Astronomy is an exception to this rule. After all, this is a science of space, the space is indescribable in a huge, in which it is impossible to study everything, and even not far from the ground there are still unopened objects. However, in order to engage in astronomy, it is necessary - an expensive optical device. Homemade telescope with her own hands is a simple or challenging task?
Maybe the binoculars will help?
Beginning Astronomom, who just begins to look close to the star sky, it is too early to make a telescope with his own hands. The scheme for it may seem too complicated. At first, you can do and ordinary binoculars.
This is not such a non-serious device, as it may seem, and there are astronomers who continue to use, even becoming famous: so, the Japanese Astronomer Hyakutak, the comet's discoverer called him named, became famous for its predilection to powerful binoculars.
For the first steps of a novice astronomer - in order to understand "My this, or not mine," any powerful sea binoculars will fit. The bigger, the better. You can watch the moon in binoculars (in sufficiently impressive details), see discovers of near planets, such as Venus, Mars or Jupiter, consider comets and double stars.
No, still a telescope!
If you tanned astronomy seriously and still want to make a telescope with your own hands, the scheme you choose can belong to one of the two main categories: refractors (only lenses are used in them) and reflectors (lenses and mirrors are used).
Refractors are recommended for beginners: it is less powerful, but simpler in the manufacture of telescopes. Then, when you get experience in the manufacture of refractors, you can try to collect a reflector - a powerful telescope with your own hands.
What is the difference between a powerful telescope?
What a stupid question is - you ask. Of course - increasing! And you will be wrong. The fact is that not all celestial bodies in principle can increase. For example, the stars you will not increase in any way: they are located at the distance of many parses, and from such a distance they turn almost to the point. No approach is not enough to see the distale star disk. "Enlarge" only the objects of the solar system are possible.
And the stars, the telescope, first of all, makes brighter. And for this, his property is responsible for its first characteristic - the diameter of the lens. How many times the lens is wider than the pupil of the human eye - everything is brighter in so many times. If you want to make a powerful telescope with your own hands - you have to look for, first of all, a very large lens in the lens diameter.
The simplest scheme of the refractor telescope
In the simplest form, the telescope refractor consists of two convex (increasing) lenses. The first is a large directed to the sky - called the lens, and the second is a small one, which looks astronomer, is called eyepiece. The homemade telescope should be done according to this scheme, if this is the first experience.
The telescope lens must be optical in one diopter and as larger diameter. It is possible to find a similar lens, for example, in the workshop of the manufacture of glasses, where it cut out windows for points of various shapes. Better, if the lens is a bone. If there is no double bouquet - you can use a pair of plane lenses by half thetetry, located one after another, consecursions in different directions, at a distance of 3 centimeters from each other.
As an eyepiece, any strong magnifying lenses will be happy, ideally - a magnifier in an eyepiece on the handle, which were produced earlier. It will come down and the eyepiece from any optical device of factory manufacture (binoculars, a geodesic device).
To find out what an increase will give a telescope, measure the focal length of the eyepiece in centimeters. Then subside 100 cm (focal length of the lens in 1 diopter, that is, the lens) on this figure, and get the desired increase.
Secure the lenses in any durable tube (it will take a cardboard, melted with glue and painted from the inside of the black paint itself, which you can find). The eyepiece must be able to slide forward-back within a few centimeters; It is necessary to guide sharpness.
A consolidate telescope follows in a wooden tripod of the so-called Dobson montage. The drawing can be easily found in any search engine. This is the most simple thing in the manufacture and at the same time, the reliable mount for the telescope, almost all self-made telescopes are used precisely.
