Diclofenac for hypertension. Diclofenac and blood pressure. Contraindications to the drug

Content

The drug for intramuscular injections Diclofenac injections is a strong anti-inflammatory drug for treating joints and relieving pain. The analgesic, desensitizing and antipyretic effect that it has allows its use in the non-surgical treatment of osteoarthritis, osteochondrosis and other intra-articular inflammatory processes. Use is possible for moderate to severe pain in the postoperative period of the disease.

What are Diclofenac injections

The drug Diclofenac (for injections) is a solution for intramuscular injection based on the active substance diclofenac sodium or potassium. It is classified as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; taking the medication is accompanied by an analgesic and antipyretic effect. Diclofenac eliminates back pain and intra-articular pain. Indications for use are diseases of the musculoskeletal system that occur with pronounced pain.

Diclofenac injections are prescribed by a doctor during acute attacks of rheumatic diseases, radiculitis, arthritis and osteochondrosis. Intramuscular injection is the most effective and fastest way to relieve pain; the maximum concentration of the active substance in the blood plasma occurs 15-20 minutes after administration of the drug. Injections of the drug are prescribed at the very beginning of treatment of the inflammatory process and for damage to connective muscle tissue.

pharmachologic effect

The main active ingredient of the drug Diclofenac is a derivative of phenylacetic acid. It stops the release of arachidonic acid from damaged cells, thereby slowing down and stopping the inflammatory process. The drug normalizes blood circulation, restores the active movement of blood plasma cells, blocks the synthesis of inflammatory mediators, which leads to a reduction in pain. Relieves joint swelling by normalizing the formation of intra-articular fluid.

What does it help with?

sciatica;
lumbago;
gout;
arthritis: psoriatic, juvenile, rheumatoid;
algodismenorrhea;
rheumatism;
herniated discs;
osteochondrosis;
radiculitis;
post-traumatic conditions accompanied by inflammation;
postoperative period.

Compound

Solution for intramuscular injection Diclofenac is a colorless transparent liquid enclosed in glass ampoules. One package contains a different number of ampoules - five or ten, 3 mg each, instructions for use of the drug. Each ampoule of Diclofenac sodium contains:

active ingredient – diclofenac sodium – 0.75 mg;
propylene glycol;
sodium pyrosulfite;
sodium hydroxide;
beckons;
benzyl alcohol;
purified water.

Instructions for the use of Diclofenac injections

Diclofenac injections are used via intramuscular injection into the gluteal muscle. The contents of one ampoule – 3 mg of the drug – are designed for one injection. For moderate pain, one injection/day is prescribed. For patients who suffer severe pain, the daily dose of the drug is increased to 2-3 times, but the maximum daily dose is 225 mg, that is, three ampoules. In cases of urgent need, injections are combined with other forms of drug release - ointments or tablets.

During pregnancy

Use during pregnancy is not recommended; the doctor prescribes Diclofenac injections only when the risks to the life of the mother exceed the potential risk to the development of the fetus. The active substance of the drug easily overcomes the placental barrier and can negatively affect the formation of the child’s internal organ systems, as well as cause discoordination of the labor activity of the uterus. Therefore, taking the drug in the third trimester is strictly prohibited. The use of the drug during breastfeeding is not recommended.

How to inject Diclofenac

An injection is made into the upper lateral quadrant of the gluteal muscle, Diclofenac is administered intramuscularly. It is preferable to use a five-milligram syringe with a long needle, which is inserted through the subcutaneous layer into the muscle about three-quarters of its length. The solution is released slowly and systematically, a so-called “long” injection is given. The right and left buttocks alternate when choosing the site for each subsequent injection.

Contraindications

Due to the fact that the drug Diclofenac is a powerful, potent drug, the instructions for use contain a number of absolute contraindications in which its use is strictly prohibited:

stomach or duodenal ulcer;
bronchial asthma;
hypersensitivity to aspirin and acetylsalicylic acid;
hemophilia;
pregnancy in the third trimester, breastfeeding period;
individual intolerance to the components of the drug;
age restrictions - strictly after the age of fifteen.

There are a number of indications for which Diclofenac injections are used with extreme caution under the supervision of a physician. These include:

heart failure;
high blood pressure;
pathologies and dysfunctional disorders of the liver and kidneys;
lupus;
Crohn's disease;
elderly age.

Side effects

A number of negative reactions when using Diclofenac solution can be observed in the digestive, cardiovascular, respiratory, circulatory, urinary and central nervous systems of the body:

nausea;
abdominal pain;
flatulence;
diarrhea;
headaches, dizziness;
decreased blood clotting;
decreased kidney activity;
allergic reactions: erythema, skin rash, itching;
increased blood pressure.

Overdose

How many days can you inject Diclofenac? Intensive therapy can last up to three days, with a maximum daily dose of no more than 150-225 mg/day. Next, the attending physician decides to transfer the patient to another form of medication. In case of an overdose of Diclofenac injections, reactions from the digestive and nervous system are observed: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, weakness, convulsions. Treatment is prescribed in accordance with the symptoms, therapy is suspended.

Drug interactions

In some cases, the doctor may recommend that the patient use Diclofenac injections in conjunction with other medications. To promptly eliminate possible negative consequences of simultaneous therapy, read the instructions for use and strictly follow the instructions of your doctor. Known cases:

weakening the effects of antihypertensive drugs;
development of side effects when taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs together;
decreased concentration of diclofenac in plasma when taking acetylsalicylic acid;
the occurrence of internal bleeding when taken together with Warfarin;
the development of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus when taken simultaneously with hypoglycemic drugs.

Analogues

All drugs that are analogues of Diclofenac injections can be divided into two large groups: with a similar active substance, Diclofenac sodium, and with other main substances. If you are intolerant to Diclofenac or have other contraindications, it is necessary to choose another medicine that is no less effective, but with a different composition and mechanism of action. These include:

Ketonal;
Ortofen;
Ketorolac;
Meloxicam;
Movalis.

These medications are also anti-inflammatory drugs with the function of restoring damaged connective tissue, are available in the form of solutions for intramuscular injections, and have similar pharmacological properties. If you need to choose a remedy for effective therapy, then pay attention to the composition and contraindications of the analogue product.

Price

How much does Diclofenac cost in ampoules and where can it be purchased? The medicine is available without a prescription, so you can buy it at any pharmacy, but in order to avoid standing in line, you can order it and buy it inexpensively in an online store. The cost of Diclofenac in ampoules is low; the price of the package depends on the pricing policy of a particular pharmacy and the manufacturing company. The price of Diclofenac injection solution of Belarusian and Russian production ranges from thirty to seventy-five rubles per pack of ten ampoules.

Video: Diclofenac in ampoules

Attention! The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials in the article do not encourage self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give treatment recommendations based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

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Discuss

Instructions for use of Diclofenac injection solution - composition, indications, side effects and analogues

Hello. I sometimes use Diclofenac for pain from rheumatism, but can the drug reduce blood pressure?

Hello. Diclofenac belongs to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, taken or used (depending on the form of release) to reduce inflammatory processes, as well as as a means of relieving pain in certain conditions.
The medicine is prescribed for such diagnoses as rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatism, osteochondrosis, myalgia, neuralgia. In addition, the drug is used for acute attacks of gout, headache, and hepatic colic. The ointment is a local remedy; its use is advisable for injuries to tendons, ligaments, and joints.

Diclofenac is never recommended for patients with hypersensitivity to the drug or its components, or for bleeding disorders of unknown cause. Contraindications include gastric ulcers, bronchial asthma, and destructive intestinal diseases.

As for your question, the medicine does not help lower blood pressure, but, on the contrary, if you are diagnosed with arterial hypertension, the drug can provoke sharp jumps in blood pressure.

However, this side effect occurs quite rarely.

There are also such adverse reactions from taking pills: dyspepsia, bleeding in the digestive tract, allergic reaction, sleep disturbances, irritability, impaired liver function, migraine, drug-induced hepatitis.

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How is nettle good for increasing hemoglobin compared to medications?

Choose a time for a walk and a trip for nettles, just remember, you should collect only the young leaves of this plant, they will be more effective. Nettle is used not only to increase hemoglobin, but also as a means to increase blood clotting, a wound-healing medicine and a medicine that normalizes sugar. In addition, it has a general strengthening effect on the entire human body.

Nettle tincture recipe

0.250 kg of young nettle leaves.
1 kg sugar.
2 liters of water.

Sugar and nettle leaves are placed in a suitable container and poured with 2 liters of boiling water. All this is infused for 24 hours and stirred periodically. Drink half a glass of tincture once a day.

Nettle is useful for increasing hemoglobin and purifying the blood and in the form of tea. It brews quite simply. For 200 ml of boiling water, 2 teaspoons of dried nettle are required. The taste of this tea is pleasant, so it can be used instead of the main drink 3-4 times a day.

Buckwheat or meat, which is better to eat to increase hemoglobin?

If we consider these two products, it is worth noting that both of them do their job perfectly. Buckwheat increases hemoglobin by containing a large amount of iron and is an excellent remedy for those who do not eat animal products. The best option would be non-fried buckwheat, it contains more iron. While meat has the same effect and is used in diets to raise the required level of iron in the blood. The conclusion from this is simple, you should use both.

Folk remedy for increasing hemoglobin

200 gr. buckwheat grains.
200 gr. kefir

Buckwheat grains are poured with kefir and infused at room temperature for 12 hours. It’s better to do this in the evening so that you have the product ready for use in the morning. If desired, you can add honey.

If everything is clear with buckwheat, then with meat it’s a little harder. Not all of them are recommended for increasing iron in the blood. So what kind of meat increases hemoglobin in the blood. The answer to this question is simple, it is beef and its derivatives. In particular, beef liver, tongue. If we consider meat in general, it is worth noting that the most productive consumption will be young veal, followed by beef, rabbit and turkey. In other meat products, the iron content is already much lower.

The best option would be boiled or steamed veal; this cooking method will allow you to retain as much iron as possible in the meat. But remember that the body absorbs only 10% of iron per meal. Therefore, it will not be enough to consume iron-containing foods only once or twice a week. The diet must be followed constantly and it is better to eat a small amount of meat every day than to consume it all in one meal.

What other foods have significant iron content?

When considering red wine and hemoglobin, are the two compatible? The answer to this question is quite simple, of course, because this product contains a large amount of proteins and pectins, as well as trace elements and amino acids. In addition to magnesium, chromium, zinc and other substances, red wine contains iron, which helps increase hemoglobin in the blood. Therefore, it is not only not contraindicated, but is also recommended for daily use in small quantities.
An important product for raising hemoglobin levels in the blood is pomegranate. It contains a large amount of iron necessary for the human body. In addition, consuming grana is not only prevention and treatment, but also a rather pleasant effect, since its taste is excellent. In addition to simply eating the fruit, you can drink its juice. But not a store-bought product, but a homemade one. To avoid allergic reactions, especially during pregnancy, it is recommended to dilute concentrated pomegranate juice with boiled water.
A product such as chocolate is made from cocoa beans, which in turn are rich in iron and other natural antioxidants. It contains substances that provide cells with protection from free radicals, prevent cancer formation and normalize the cardiovascular system. Therefore, by consuming chocolate, a person not only increases the amount of iron in the body, but also protects himself from various diseases and aging. But for these purposes it is better to use dark chocolate with a high cocoa content.
Valuable sources of iron are natural fruits and vegetables, such as beets, carrots, persimmons, apples, red grapes, peaches, and kiwi. Beets can be consumed both raw and boiled, as well as by squeezing the juice out of them. Apples also contain iron in large quantities, especially in the Semerenko variety. Its highest content is in apple fruits after harvesting. Over time, the percentage of iron decreases and after winter, it becomes three times less in the product. Kiwi also raises hemoglobin perfectly, only if you are not allergic to it. You can use it either in its natural form or by squeezing the juice.

To summarize, it is worth noting that in order to quickly and efficiently increase hemoglobin, it is necessary to consume all products in small quantities. Along with fruits, vegetables and meat, you should not forget about teas made from nettle and other herbs. Only in combination can you get rid of low iron levels in the blood.

Blood pressure: what is considered normal, how to measure it, what to do if it is high and low?

Humanity owes a lot to the Italian Riva-Rocci, who at the end of the last century invented a device that measures blood pressure (BP). At the beginning of the last century, this invention was wonderfully supplemented by the Russian scientist N.S. Korotkov, proposing a method for measuring pressure in the brachial artery with a phonendoscope. Although the Riva-Rocci apparatus was bulky compared to current tonometers and was indeed mercury-based, the principle of its operation did not change for almost 100 years. And the doctors loved him. Unfortunately, now you can only see it in a museum, because it has been replaced by compact (mechanical and electronic) devices of a new generation. But the auscultatory method of N.S. Korotkova is still with us and is successfully used by both doctors and their patients.

Where is the norm?

The normal blood pressure in adults is considered to be 120/80 mm Hg. Art. But can this indicator be fixed if a living organism, which is a person, must constantly adapt to different conditions of existence? And people are all different, so blood pressure still deviates within reasonable limits.

Even though modern medicine has abandoned the previous complex formulas for calculating blood pressure, which took into account such parameters as gender, age, weight, there are still discounts on something. For example, for an asthenic “lightweight” woman, the pressure is 110/70 mm Hg. Art. is considered quite normal, and if blood pressure increases by 20 mm Hg. Art., then she will certainly feel it. In the same way, the normal pressure will be 130/80 mmHg. Art. for a trained young man. After all, athletes usually have it this way.

Fluctuations in blood pressure will still be influenced by factors such as age, physical activity, psycho-emotional situation, climatic and weather conditions. Arterial hypertension (AH), perhaps, would not have befallen a hypertensive patient if he lived in another country. Otherwise, how can we understand the fact that on the black African continent, hypertension can be found only occasionally among the indigenous population, while blacks in the USA suffer from it en masse? It turns out that blood pressure does not depend on race alone.

However, if the pressure rises slightly (10 mm Hg) and only to give a person the opportunity to adapt to the environment, that is, occasionally, all this is considered normal and does not give reason to think about the disease.

With age, blood pressure also rises slightly. This is due to changes in the blood vessels, which deposit something on their walls. In practically healthy people, the deposits are very small, so the pressure will increase by 10-15 mm Hg. pillar

If blood pressure values exceed 140/90 mm Hg. Art., will steadfastly stay at this figure, and sometimes even move upward, such a person will be diagnosed with arterial hypertension of the appropriate degree, depending on the pressure values. Consequently, for adults there is no norm for blood pressure by age; there is only a small discount for age. But for children everything is a little different.

Video: how to keep blood pressure normal?

What about the children?

Blood pressure in children has different values than in adults. And it grows, starting from birth, at first quite quickly, then growth slows down, with some upward leaps in adolescence, and reaches the level of blood pressure of an adult. Of course, it would be surprising if the pressure of such a small newborn baby, with everything so “new”, was 120/80 mmHg. Art.

The structure of all organs of a newly born baby is not yet complete, this also applies to the cardiovascular system. The blood vessels of a newborn are elastic, their lumen is wider, the network of capillaries is larger, so the pressure is 60/40 mm Hg. Art. for him it will be the absolute norm. Although, perhaps, someone will be surprised by the fact that yellow lipid stains can be found in the aorta of newborns, which, however, do not affect health and go away over time. But this is so, a retreat.

As the baby develops and his body further develops, blood pressure rises and by the age of one year the normal figures will be 90-100/40-60 mmHg. Art., and the child will reach the values of an adult only by the age of 9-10. However, at this age the pressure is 100/60 mmHg. Art. will be considered normal and will not surprise anyone. But in adolescents, a blood pressure value that is considered normal is slightly higher than that established for adults, 120/80. This is probably due to the hormonal surge characteristic of adolescence. To calculate normal blood pressure values in children, pediatricians use a special table, which we bring to the attention of readers.

Normal minimum systolic pressure

Normal maximum systolic pressure

Normal minimum diastolic pressure

Normal maximum diastolic pressure

Up to 2 weeks	60	96	40	50
2-4 weeks	80	112	40	74
2-12 months	90	112	50	74
2-3 years	100	112	60	74
3-5 years	100	116	60	76
6-9 years	100	122	60	78
10-12 years	110	126	70	82
13-15 years old	110	136	70	86

Blood pressure problems in children and adolescents

Unfortunately, such a pathology as arterial hypertension is no exception for the child’s body. Lability of blood pressure most often manifests itself in adolescence, when the body is undergoing restructuring, but the puberty period is dangerous because a person at this time is not yet an adult, but no longer a child. This age is difficult for the person himself, because pressure surges are often caused by the instability of the teenager’s nervous system, both for his parents and for the attending physician. However, pathological deviations must be noticed and leveled out in time. This is the task of adults.

The causes of increased blood pressure in children and adolescents may be:

As a result of the influence of these factors, vascular tone increases, the heart begins to work harder, especially its left part. If urgent measures are not taken, a young person may meet his adulthood with a ready-made diagnosis: arterial hypertension or, at best, neurocirculatory dystonia of one type or another.

Measuring blood pressure at home

We talk about blood pressure for quite a long time, implying that all people know how to measure it. It seems that there is nothing complicated, we put a cuff above the elbow, pump air into it, slowly release it and listen.

Everything is correct, but before moving on to blood pressure in adults, I would like to dwell on the algorithm for measuring blood pressure, since patients often do this on their own and not always according to the method. As a result, inadequate results are obtained, and, accordingly, unreasonable use of antihypertensive drugs. In addition, when people talk about upper and lower blood pressure, they do not always understand what it all means.

To correctly measure blood pressure, it is very important what conditions a person is in. To avoid getting “random numbers”, in America they measure blood pressure following the following rules:

A comfortable environment for a person whose blood pressure is of interest should be at least 5 minutes;
Half an hour before the procedure, do not smoke or eat;
Visit the toilet so that your bladder is not full;
Take into account tension, pain, feeling unwell, taking medications;
Measure blood pressure twice on both arms in a lying, sitting, standing position.

Probably, each of us will not agree with this, unless such a measurement is suitable for a military registration and enlistment office or in strict stationary conditions. Nevertheless, you should strive to fulfill at least some points. For example, it would be good to measure blood pressure in a calm environment, with the person comfortably laid out or seated, and to take into account the influence of a “good” smoke break or a hearty lunch just eaten. It should be remembered that the antihypertensive drug taken might not yet have had its effect (not much time has passed) and you might not grab the next pill after seeing a disappointing result.

A person, especially if he is not completely healthy, usually does a poor job of measuring his own blood pressure (it costs a lot to put a cuff on!). It is better if one of the relatives or neighbors does this. You also need to take the method of measuring blood pressure very seriously.

Video: measuring pressure with an electronic tonometer

Cuff, tonometer, phonendoscope... systole and diastole

The algorithm for determining blood pressure (auscultatory method by N.S. Korotkov, 1905) is very simple if everything is done correctly. The patient is seated comfortably (can be lying down) and measurement begins:

Air is released from the cuff connected to the tonometer and the bulb by squeezing it with the palms;
Wrap the cuff around the patient’s arm above the elbow (tightly and evenly), trying to ensure that the rubber connecting tube is on the side of the artery, otherwise you may get an incorrect result;
Select a listening location and install a phonendoscope;
Inflate air into the cuff;
When inflating air, the cuff compresses the arteries due to its own pressure, which is 20-30 mm Hg. Art. above the pressure at which the sounds heard on the brachial artery with each pulse wave completely disappear;
Slowly releasing air from the cuff, listen to the sounds of the artery on the elbow;
The first sound heard by the phonendoscope is recorded with a glance on the tonometer scale. It will mean the breakthrough of a portion of blood through the compressed area, since the pressure in the artery has slightly exceeded the pressure in the cuff. The impact of escaping blood against the wall of the artery is called Korotkoff sound, upper or systolic pressure;
The series of sounds, noises, tones following systole is understandable to cardiologists, but ordinary people must catch the last sound, which is called diastolic or lower, it is also noted visually.

Thus, contracting, the heart pushes blood into the arteries (systole), creating pressure on them equal to the upper or systolic. Blood begins to distribute through the vessels, which leads to a decrease in pressure and relaxation of the heart (diastole). This is the last, lower, diastolic beat.

However, there are nuances...

Scientists have found that when measuring blood pressure using the traditional method, its values are 10% different from the true ones (direct measurement in the artery during its puncture). Such an error is more than compensated for by the accessibility and simplicity of the procedure; moreover, as a rule, one measurement of blood pressure in the same patient is not enough, and this makes it possible to reduce the magnitude of the error.

In addition, the patients do not differ in the same build. For example, thin people have lower detectable values. But for overweight people, on the contrary, it is higher than in reality. This difference can be leveled out by a cuff with a width of more than 130 mm. However, there are not just fat people. Obesity of 3-4 degrees often makes it difficult to measure blood pressure on the arm. In such cases, the measurement is carried out on the leg using a special cuff.

There are cases when, with the auscultatory method of measuring blood pressure in the interval between the upper and lower arterial pressure, a break is observed in the sound wave (10-20 mm Hg or more), when there are no sounds above the artery (complete silence), but on the vessel itself there is a pulse. This phenomenon is called an auscultatory “dip,” which can occur in the upper or middle third of the pressure amplitude. Such a “failure” should not go unnoticed, because then a lower blood pressure value (the lower limit of the auscultatory “failure”) will be mistakenly taken for the value of systolic pressure. Sometimes this difference can be even 50 mm Hg. Art., which, naturally, will greatly affect the interpretation of the result and, accordingly, treatment, if necessary.

An error like this is highly undesirable and can be avoided. To do this, simultaneously with pumping air into the cuff, the pulse in the radial artery should be monitored. The pressure in the cuff must be increased to values sufficiently above the level at which the pulse disappears.

The phenomenon of “endless tone” is well known to adolescents, sports doctors and in military registration and enlistment offices when examining conscripts. The nature of this phenomenon is considered to be a hyperkinetic type of blood circulation and low vascular tone, the cause of which is emotional or physical stress. In this case, it is not possible to determine the diastolic pressure; it seems that it is simply zero. However, after a few days, in a relaxed state of the young man, measuring the lower pressure does not present any difficulties.

Video: measuring pressure using the traditional method

Blood pressure increases... (hypertension)

The causes of high blood pressure in adults are not much different from those in children, but those who are... undoubtedly have more risk factors:

Of course, atherosclerosis, leading to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure;
BP clearly correlates with excess weight;
Glucose levels (diabetes mellitus) greatly influence the formation of arterial hypertension;
Excessive consumption of table salt;
Life in the city, because it is known that an increase in blood pressure parallels the acceleration of the pace of life;
Alcohol. Strong tea and coffee become a cause only when they are consumed in excessive quantities;
Oral contraceptives, which many women use to avoid unwanted pregnancy;
Smoking itself, perhaps, would not be among the causes of high blood pressure, but this bad habit has too bad an effect on the blood vessels, especially peripheral ones;
Low physical activity;
Professional activities associated with high psycho-emotional stress;
Changes in atmospheric pressure, changes in weather conditions;
Many other diseases, including surgical ones.

People suffering from arterial hypertension, as a rule, control their condition themselves by constantly taking medications to lower blood pressure, prescribed by a doctor in individually selected dosages. These may be beta blockers, calcium antagonists or ACE inhibitors. Considering the good awareness of patients about their illness, there is no point in dwelling too much on arterial hypertension, its manifestations and treatment.

However, everything begins somewhere, and so it is with hypertension. It is necessary to determine whether this is a one-time increase in blood pressure caused by objective reasons (stress, drinking alcohol in inadequate doses, certain medications), or whether there is a tendency to increase it on an ongoing basis, for example, blood pressure rises in the evening, after a working day.

It is clear that an evening rise in blood pressure indicates that during the day a person bears an excessive load on himself, so he must analyze the day, find the cause and begin treatment (or prevention). In such cases, the presence of hypertension in the family should be even more alarming, since it is known that this disease has a hereditary predisposition.

If high blood pressure is recorded repeatedly, even in numbers of 135/90 mm Hg. Art., then it is advisable to start taking measures to prevent it from becoming high. It is not necessary to immediately resort to medications; you can first try to regulate your blood pressure by following a regimen of work, rest and nutrition.

Of course, diet plays a special role in this regard. By giving preference to products that lower blood pressure, you can do without pharmaceuticals for a long time, or even avoid taking them altogether, if you do not forget about folk recipes containing medicinal herbs.

By creating a menu of such affordable foods as garlic, cabbage and Brussels sprouts, beans and peas, milk, baked potatoes, salmon fish, spinach, you can eat well and not feel hungry. And bananas, kiwi, orange, pomegranate can perfectly replace any dessert and at the same time normalize blood pressure.

Video: hypertension in the program “Live Healthy!”

Blood pressure is low... (hypotension)

Low blood pressure, although not fraught with such dangerous complications as high blood pressure, is still uncomfortable for a person to live with. Typically, such patients have a diagnosis of vegetative-vascular (neurocirculatory) dystonia of the hypotonic type, which is quite common these days, when at the slightest sign of unfavorable conditions, blood pressure decreases, which is accompanied by pallor of the skin, dizziness, nausea, general weakness and malaise. Patients break into a cold sweat and may faint.

There are many reasons for this, the treatment of such people is very difficult and lengthy, moreover, there are no medications for constant use, except that patients often drink freshly brewed green tea, coffee and occasionally take tincture of Eleutherococcus, ginseng and pantocrine tablets. Regime, especially sleep, which requires at least 10 hours, helps normalize blood pressure in such patients. Nutrition for hypotension should be sufficiently high in calories, because low blood pressure requires glucose. Green tea has a beneficial effect on blood vessels during hypotension, increasing blood pressure somewhat and thereby bringing a person to his senses, which is especially noticeable in the morning. A cup of coffee also helps, but you should remember that the drink is addictive, that is, you can get hooked on it unnoticed.

The range of health measures for low blood pressure includes:

Healthy lifestyle (active recreation, sufficient time in the fresh air);
High physical activity, sports;
Water treatments (aroma baths, hydromassage, swimming pool);
Spa treatment;
Diet;
Elimination of provoking factors.

Help yourself!

If you have problems with blood pressure, you should not passively wait for the doctor to come and cure everything. The success of prevention and treatment largely depends on the patient himself. Of course, if you suddenly end up in a hospital with a hypertensive crisis, then they will prescribe a blood pressure profile and select pills. But when a patient comes to an outpatient appointment with complaints of increased blood pressure, he will have to take on a lot. For example, according to words, it is difficult to track the dynamics of blood pressure, so the patient is asked to keep a diary (at the observation stage for the selection of antihypertensive drugs - a week, during long-term use of drugs - 2 weeks 4 times a year, that is, every 3 months).

The diary can be an ordinary school notebook, divided into columns for convenience. It should be remembered that the measurement of the first day, although carried out, is not taken into account. In the morning (6-8 hours, but always before taking medications) and in the evening (18-21 hours) you need to take 2 measurements. Of course, it will be better if the patient is so careful that he measures the pressure every 12 hours at the same time.

Rest for 5 minutes, and if there was emotional or physical stress, then 15-20 minutes;
An hour before the procedure, do not drink strong tea and coffee, do not think about alcoholic beverages, do not smoke for half an hour (tolerate it!);
Do not comment on the actions of the person measuring, do not discuss the news, remember that there should be silence when measuring blood pressure;
Sit comfortably, keeping your hand on a hard surface.
Carefully record your blood pressure values in a notebook so that you can later show your notes to your doctor.

You can talk about blood pressure for a long time and a lot, patients love to do this, sitting under the doctor’s office, but you can talk, but you should not take advice and recommendations into account, because everyone has their own cause of arterial hypertension, their own concomitant diseases and their own medicine. For some patients, blood pressure-lowering medications take more than one day to select, so it is better to trust one person - the doctor.

Video: blood pressure in the program “Live Healthy!”

Diclofenac is a common drug that belongs to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The active ingredient is diclofenac sodium. Available in such forms as tablets for oral use, solution in ampoules for injection, rectal suppositories, ointments for external use, and eye drops. Due to its availability and tolerability, it is often used for long-term treatment of rheumatological diseases.

Indications for use

The drug relieves inflammation and relieves pain well, but does not treat the cause of the disease. Reduces swelling and pain in joints. Prescribed for the symptomatic treatment of the following conditions:

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arthritis of various etiologies;
osteoarthritis;
osteochondrosis with severe pain;
radiculitis;
toothache;
menstrual pain;
pain from colds or flu;
radiculitis;
tonsillitis;
neuralgia;
headaches, migraine;
conditions after surgery and injuries;
pain in muscles and joints;
chills, hyperthermia;
Ear ache.

Contraindications

In case of cardiac dysfunction, the use of the drug is contraindicated.

Contraindications for the drug:

intolerance or high sensitivity (sensitivity) to the composition;
inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract (bleeding, ulcerative processes);
disorders of the heart, liver and kidneys;
haemorrhoids;
children under 15 years of age;
pregnancy and lactation;
damage to skin integrity;
history of allergic reactions to other NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).

Instructions for use

The method of use depends on the indications and form of release of the drug. A preliminary consultation with a doctor is a mandatory procedure before starting to use this medicine. So, Diclofenac tablets are taken orally (orally) half an hour before meals with water. Adults and children over 15 years of age should take 25-50 mg 3 times a day at equal intervals. The maximum dose of the drug per day is 150 mg. When a stable effect is achieved, treatment is continued at a maintenance dosage of 50 mg per day.

Solution for injection use "Diclofenac" should be injected only deep intramuscularly (upper right quadrant of the gluteal muscle). A single dose for adults is 75 mg. Frequency of use - no more than 2 times a day. To prevent dangerous side effects, you should not inject the drug for more than 2 days in a row.

Rectal suppositories are administered into the rectum, after removing the packaging, 2-3 times a day. Ointment (gel) for external use is applied to the painful area of the body every 6-8 hours. The ointment is not rubbed in, but a small amount (approximately 2-4 grams) is spread in a circular motion.

Diclofenac (diclofenac) - new description of the drug, you can see contraindications, indications for use, Diclofenac (diclofenac). Reviews of Diclofenac (diclofenac) -

It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory, analgesic and moderate antipyretic effect.
Drug: DICLOFENAC
Active substance of the drug: diclofenac
ATX coding: M01AB05
CFG: NSAIDs
Registration number: P No. 010878/03
Registration date: 10.21.05
Owner reg. credential: IPCA LABORATORIES Ltd. (India)

Diclofenac release form, drug packaging and composition.

Enteric-coated tablets
1 tab.
diclofenac sodium
50 mg

Extended-release film-coated tablets
1 tab.
diclofenac sodium
100 mg

10 pieces. — cellless contour packages (2) — cardboard packs.
10 pieces. — cellless contour packages (10) — cardboard packs.
Solution for intramuscular administration
1 ml
1 amp.
diclofenac sodium
25 mg
75 mg

3 ml - ampoules (5) - cardboard packs.
3 ml - ampoules (10) - cardboard packs.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ACTIVE SUBSTANCE.
All information provided is provided for information only about the drug; you should consult your doctor about the possibility of use.

Pharmacological action Diclofenac (diclofenac)

NSAID, phenylacetic acid derivative. It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory, analgesic and moderate antipyretic effect. The mechanism of action is associated with inhibition of the activity of COX, the main enzyme in the metabolism of arachidonic acid, which is a precursor of prostaglandins, which play a major role in the pathogenesis of inflammation, pain and fever. The analgesic effect is due to two mechanisms: peripheral (indirectly, through suppression of prostaglandin synthesis) and central (due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in the central and peripheral nervous system).

Inhibits proteoglycan synthesis in cartilage.

For rheumatic diseases, it reduces pain in the joints at rest and during movement, as well as morning stiffness and swelling of the joints, and helps to increase range of motion. Reduces post-traumatic and postoperative pain, as well as inflammatory swelling.

Suppresses platelet aggregation. With long-term use it has a desensitizing effect.

When applied topically in ophthalmology, it reduces swelling and pain during inflammatory processes of non-infectious etiology.

Pharmacokinetics of the drug.

After oral administration, it is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Eating slows down the rate of absorption, but the degree of absorption does not change. About 50% of the active substance is metabolized during the “first pass” through the liver. When administered rectally, absorption occurs more slowly. The time to reach Cmax in plasma after oral administration is 2-4 hours depending on the dosage form used, after rectal administration - 1 hour, intramuscular administration - 20 minutes. The concentration of the active substance in plasma is linearly dependent on the dose applied.

Does not accumulate. Plasma protein binding is 99.7% (mainly albumin). Penetrates into synovial fluid, Cmax is reached 2-4 hours later than in plasma.

It is extensively metabolized to form several metabolites, of which two are pharmacologically active, but to a lesser extent than diclofenac.

Systemic clearance of the active substance is approximately 263 ml/min. T1/2 from plasma is 1-2 hours, from synovial fluid - 3-6 hours. Approximately 60% of the dose is excreted in the form of metabolites by the kidneys, less than 1% is excreted unchanged in the urine, the rest is excreted in the form of metabolites in bile.

Indications for use:

Articular syndrome (rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, gout), degenerative and chronic inflammatory diseases of the musculoskeletal system (osteochondrosis, osteoarthritis, periarthropathy), post-traumatic inflammation of soft tissues and the musculoskeletal system (sprains, bruises). Pain in the spine, neuralgia, myalgia, arthralgia, pain and inflammation after operations and injuries, pain with gout, migraine, algodismenorrhea, pain with adnexitis, proctitis, colic (bilious and renal), pain with infectious and inflammatory diseases of the ENT -organs

For local use: inhibition of miosis during cataract surgery, prevention of cystoid macular edema associated with removal and implantation of the lens, inflammatory processes of the eye of a non-infectious nature, post-traumatic inflammatory process in penetrating and non-penetrating wounds of the eyeball.

Dosage and method of administration of the drug.

For oral administration for adults, a single dose is 25-50 mg 2-3 times a day. The frequency of administration depends on the dosage form used, the severity of the disease and is 1-3 times a day, rectally - 1 time a day. For the treatment of acute conditions or relief of exacerbation of a chronic process, a dose of 75 mg is used intramuscularly.

For children over 6 years of age and adolescents, the daily dose is 2 mg/kg.

Apply externally in a dose of 2-4 g (depending on the area of the painful area) to the affected area 3-4 times a day.

When used in ophthalmology, the frequency and duration of administration are determined individually.

Maximum doses: when taken orally for adults - 150 mg/day.

Side effects of Diclofenac:

From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, pain and discomfort in the epigastric region, flatulence, constipation, diarrhea; in some cases - erosive and ulcerative lesions, bleeding and perforation of the gastrointestinal tract; rarely - liver dysfunction. When administered rectally, in isolated cases, inflammation of the colon with bleeding and exacerbation of ulcerative colitis were observed.

From the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system: dizziness, headache, agitation, insomnia, irritability, feeling tired; rarely - paresthesia, visual impairment (blurredness, diplopia), tinnitus, sleep disorders, convulsions, irritability, tremor, mental disorders, depression.

From the hematopoietic system: rarely - anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.

From the urinary system: rarely - renal dysfunction; swelling may occur in predisposed patients.

Dermatological reactions: rarely - hair loss.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching; when used in the form of eye drops - itching, redness, photosensitivity.

Local reactions: a burning sensation is possible at the site of intramuscular injection, in some cases - the formation of infiltrate, abscess, necrosis of adipose tissue; with rectal administration, local irritation, the appearance of mucous discharge mixed with blood, and painful defecation are possible; when used externally in rare cases - itching, redness, rash, burning; when applied topically in ophthalmology, a transient burning sensation and/or temporary blurred vision may occur immediately after instillation.

With prolonged external use and/or application to large surfaces of the body, systemic side effects are possible due to the resorptive effect of diclofenac.

Contraindications to the drug:

Erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute phase, “aspirin triad”, hematopoietic disorders of unknown etiology, hypersensitivity to diclofenac and components of the dosage form used, or other NSAIDs.

Use during pregnancy and lactation.

Use during pregnancy and lactation is possible in cases where the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus or newborn.

Special instructions for the use of Diclofenac.

Use with extreme caution in patients with a history of liver, kidney, gastrointestinal diseases, dyspeptic symptoms, bronchial asthma, arterial hypertension, heart failure, immediately after major surgical interventions, as well as in elderly patients.

If there is a history of allergic reactions to NSAIDs and sulfites, diclofenac is used only in emergency cases. During treatment, systematic monitoring of liver and kidney function and peripheral blood patterns is necessary.

Avoid contact of diclofenac with the eyes (except for eye drops) or mucous membranes. Patients using contact lenses should use eye drops no earlier than 5 minutes after removing the lenses.

During treatment with dosage forms for systemic use, alcohol consumption is not recommended.

Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery

During the treatment period, the speed of psychomotor reactions may decrease. If your vision becomes blurred after using eye drops, you should not drive a car or engage in other potentially hazardous activities.

Interaction of Diclofenac with other drugs.

When used simultaneously with diclofenac, antihypertensive drugs may weaken their effect.

There are isolated reports of the occurrence of seizures in patients taking NSAIDs and quinolone antibacterial drugs simultaneously.

When used simultaneously with GCS, the risk of side effects from the digestive system increases.

With simultaneous use of diuretics, the diuretic effect may be reduced. When used simultaneously with potassium-sparing diuretics, it is possible to increase the concentration of potassium in the blood.

When used simultaneously with other NSAIDs, the risk of side effects may increase.

There are reports of the development of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus who used diclofenac simultaneously with hypoglycemic drugs.

When used simultaneously with acetylsalicylic acid, the concentration of diclofenac in the blood plasma may decrease.

Although clinical studies have not established the effect of diclofenac on the action of anticoagulants, isolated cases of bleeding have been described with the simultaneous use of diclofenac and warfarin.

With simultaneous use, it is possible to increase the concentration of digoxin, lithium and phenytoin in the blood plasma.

The absorption of diclofenac from the gastrointestinal tract is reduced when used simultaneously with cholestyramine, and to a lesser extent with colestipol.

With simultaneous use, it is possible to increase the concentration of methotrexate in the blood plasma and increase its toxicity.

With simultaneous use, diclofenac may not affect the bioavailability of morphine, however, the concentration of the active metabolite of morphine may remain elevated in the presence of diclofenac, which increases the risk of developing side effects of the morphine metabolite, incl. respiratory depression.

When used simultaneously with pentazocine, a case of the development of a grand mal seizure has been described; with rifampicin - a decrease in the concentration of diclofenac in the blood plasma is possible; with ceftriaxone - the excretion of ceftriaxone in bile increases; with cyclosporine - increased nephrotoxicity of cyclosporine is possible.

Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used to relieve inflammation and pain. However, in people suffering from abnormalities in the cardiovascular system, it can cause uncontrolled surges in blood pressure. Therefore, you should study the instructions to avoid unpleasant consequences.

Indications for use

The drug is used in the treatment of the following pathologies:

gout, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatism and other diseases of the musculoskeletal system;
adnexitis, inflammatory processes in the pelvis;
viral fever, influenza, otitis media, tonsillitis;
hemorrhoids, inflammation of the prostate gland;
elimination of severe painful sensations.

In the treatment of gynecological pathologies and prostatitis, suppositories are used. The medicine helps relieve painful spasms and reduces the appearance of swelling at the site of inflammation, and has an antipyretic effect. The analgesic effect lasts for a long time. Suppositories are used to relieve pain in the lumbar region, joints, and back; they act faster than tablets and ointments. The drug in tablet form is prescribed to eliminate pain during migraine attacks, radiculitis, dental and postoperative pain. Diclofenac injections are used to provide relief during exacerbation of algodismenorrhea, arthritis, radiculitis, osteoarthritis, neuralgia, and sciatica.

Instructions

The dosage of the drug should be selected not by the patient himself, but by the attending physician.

Treatment should begin only after a medical examination under the strict supervision of a doctor. The tablets contain 25-50 mg of the active substance, the dosage is prescribed by the doctor based on the severity of the symptoms. It is recommended to take the medicine 2-3 times a day before meals. Ointments and gels are applied in a thin layer to the affected area; in an adult, the daily dose should not exceed 8 g. To achieve rapid positive dynamics in treatment, doctors prescribe vaginal and rectal suppositories or advise injecting Diclofenac. The result of intramuscular injections is noticeable after 30 minutes. Thanks to the injections, the medicine directly enters the bloodstream and eliminates acute conditions of the disease. In an adult, the dose of the administered drug should not exceed 150 mg per day.

The drug should not be used in patients with hypersensitivity to its constituent components.

How does it affect blood pressure?

Taking the drug incorrectly can negatively affect the functioning of the cardiovascular system. Diclofenac increases the risk of heart failure and causes sudden changes in blood pressure. It is better to refuse treatment with the drug for people who have had a heart attack or stroke or suffer from heart failure. Patients with a history of arterial hypertension should be wary of treatment with the drug, as it can significantly increase blood pressure.