How to treat subacute adenoiditis in a child. Adenoiditis: causes and development, manifestations, diagnosis, how to treat. Antibiotic nasal spray

Adenoids are an enlargement of the pharyngeal tonsil. It is located at the very beginning of the pharynx - in its nasal part. During a normal examination of the pharynx in a child, it cannot be seen. To identify adenoids, you need to contact an ENT doctor for special procedures that will help evaluate them.

Pediatrician

For parents who are faced with a diagnosis of adenoids in their child, the first thing that comes to mind is an operation. But do not fall into despair. In cases where there are no absolute indications for surgical intervention (listed below), you can first try to be treated with other conservative methods. This article will discuss how to reduce adenoids in a child without surgery.

Surgery should not be postponed in the following cases:

• if the child cannot fully breathe through the nose;
• poor sleep in a baby due to snoring and respiratory failure. Especially if shortness of breath occurs and the worst is short-term apnea, that is, respiratory arrest;
• when a child begins to hear poorly and his middle ear very often becomes inflamed;
• repeated episodes of inflammation of the paranasal sinuses;
• with the formed so-called "adenoid" face. But it is better, of course, not to bring it to this and to perform the operation already before irreversible changes in the bones of the skull occur;
• prolonged bleeding from the nasal cavity.

If the above conditions are not yet present, then it is necessary to try to cure adenoids in a child without surgery.

In ancient times, when adenoids appeared, they were necessarily removed. Therefore, grandparents can “advise” you. But as a result of many studies, it has been proven that this should not be done without absolute indications, since the pharyngeal tonsil also has an important function - participation in immunity.

For the treatment of adenoids in children, drugs are used topically or orally, physiotherapy, as well as folk remedies. You can use all of this in combination or separately.

Washing the nasal cavity

A local effect on the enlarged pharyngeal tonsil is more effective than oral medication. This is achieved by washing the nasal cavity with various therapeutic solutions (another name is "irrigation therapy"). With the help of this method, those settled there are removed from the surface of the mucous membrane of the overgrown tonsil. harmful microorganisms and mucous discharge. It is usually prescribed as monotherapy for the first degree of adenoids.

How to rinse your nose?

You can prepare a solution for irrigating the nasal cavity yourself. The proportions are as follows: 1 glass of water cooled to 1 teaspoon of table or sea ​​salt. But the advantage is given to ready-made pharmaceutical preparations. Since the salt concentration in them is chosen very precisely, the solution is sterile and always ready for use. These drugs are known to everyone and are represented by a variety of lines:

• "Aqualor",
• "Aquamaris",
• "Physiomer",
• "Marimer",
• "Humer"
• "Otrivin Sea",
• "Septo Aqua"
• "Salin"
• "Dolphin"
• physiological saline (0.9% sodium chloride solution).

How to rinse the nasal cavity correctly?

1. The child's head should be turned to the side.
2. Insert the tip of the sprayer into the upper nasal passage (relative to the horizontal position of the head), irrigate the nasal cavity with a solution and suction the mucus with a special aspirator if the child is small. If the baby is large, then let him blow his nose on his own.

For babies under 2 years old, drugs are used only in the form of drops. Older than 2 years, you can use the spray.

1. Repeat the same with the second nasal passage.
2. The procedure must be done 3-4 times a day, for 7-10 days in several courses.

With adenoids of the second degree, treatment with other groups of drugs is possible. Before using the following drugs, it is necessary to wash the nasal cavity with the above method.

Vasoconstrictors

With severe swelling of the tonsils, ENT - the doctor prescribes vasoconstrictor drugs. For the smallest, they are available in the form of drops with a low concentration of the vasoconstrictor component, and for larger children - in the form of sprays and a percentage active ingredient will be higher. These medicines are also known to everyone: Nazivin, Nazol, Xymelin, Otrivin and many others.

You should not use this group of drugs lightly - you need to use it strictly according to the doctor's prescription 3-4 times a day for no more than 5, maximum 7 days, as there is a risk of developing addiction to the medicine.

Hormonal drugs

It is possible that the doctor will prescribe hormone-based drugs, especially with concomitant allergies. More often it is "Avamis", "Nasonex" from 2 years old, "Nazarel", "Flixonase" - from 4 years old and "Nasobek" - from 6 years old.

Antiseptics and antibiotics

In the case of infection, it is possible to develop inflammation of the overgrown pharyngeal tonsil - adenoiditis. The cause of inflammation can be both viruses and bacteria. Then already apply additional groups drugs.

Antiseptics

• "Miramistin", "Octenisept", "Chlorhexidine" - sprays in the nasopharynx;
• "Albucid", "Argolife", "Protargol", "Kollargol" or "Sialor" -.

Antibiotic nasal spray

• "Isofra";
• "Polydex with phenylephrine".

Folk remedies for the treatment of adenoids

With the help of folk remedies, you can also achieve success.

• Instillation of sea buckthorn, tea or eucalyptus tree oils into the nose. They have natural anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antimicrobial and, to some extent, vasoconstrictive actions. Before use, the vial with the drug is heated in the hand and instilled into the pre-washed nasal passages. Apply 4-5 times a day for 10-15 days.
• Washing the nasal cavity with decoctions medicinal herbs: mother - and stepmothers, chamomile, St. John's wort, horsetail or succession, morning and evening, for a week or 10 days. With their help, you can eliminate the inflammation of the nasopharynx. Herbs can be collected and dried on their own, but it is better to use pharmacy ready-made fees.
• Aloe thanks to its unique chemical composition has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial action. But most of all, the regenerating effect is appreciated - aloe relieves irritation of the mucous membrane of the nasopharyngeal cavity, which often occurs with adenoids. 2-3 drops of juice are instilled 3 times a day, lasting from 2 weeks to a year.

Treatment with herbal solutions and decoctions for many parents may be much more preferable, so as not to burden the child with chemicals. But you need to be careful, as the risk of developing allergic reactions is high.

• Of course, traditional medicine is not complete without bee products. There are many recipes with their use.

In a glass of boiled cooled water, add 15 drops of 10% propolis tincture and half a teaspoon baking soda. Gargle 3 times a day for 7 days. You can do it with the same solution.

Also, the use of honey inside has a general strengthening effect on the child's body. Baby with good immunity it will be easier to deal with adenoids.

If the baby is allergic to bee products, the use of the above methods is excluded.

Homeopathy for adenoids

Alternative medicine is also widely used to treat pathological processes of the nasopharynx. It is used in combination with traditional preparations for 1-2 degrees of adenoid vegetations.

One of the significant places in the treatment of adenoids in children without surgery is thuja oil. It is rich in healing substances that relieve inflammation and inhibit the further growth of the pharyngeal tonsil. In addition, it has an antimicrobial, healing and vasoconstrictive effect. Homeopathic preparations based on thuja oil:

• "Edas - 801" - drops in the nose;
• "Tuya GF" - drops in the nose;
• "Tuya DN" - drops and ointment for laying in the nasal passages;
• "Job - baby" ("Barberry - comp") - granules for oral administration. Additionally contains fruits of dried barberry, pierced-leaved vine and iodine;
• "Euphorbium compositum" incorporates a mixture of homeopathic active ingredients. It has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, healing and moisturizing effect. It is produced in the form of a spray (therefore, it is allowed only from 4 years old);

"Job - baby" and "Euphorbium compositum" contain iodine, so the drugs are contraindicated in patients with thyroid diseases.

• "Lymphomyosot" is a combined herbal remedy. AT official instructions the drug states that its use is possible from 18 years of age. But children's otorhinolaryngologists often prescribe "Lymphomyosot" to children due to its high efficiency. Available in drops for oral administration, as well as in ampoules with a solution for intramuscular injection.

Although there is an opinion that this group does not have any side effects, it is still worth fearing, since the basis of medicines are herbal ingredients that can cause allergies in children.

Breathing exercises

If a child often suffers from colds and has adenoids, then in addition to the main treatment, it is necessary to start gymnastics for respiratory tract. Regular exercises for 3-4 months help to improve blood flow, increase the tone of smooth muscles in the respiratory organs, eliminate congestion in the paranasal sinuses and eliminate hypoxia, saturating the cells of the body with oxygen.

There are many exercises for the respiratory organs. One of the most effective is gymnastics according to the Buteyko method. It is easy to perform for both adults and children.

• Close the child's right nostril. Ask to take a slow deep breath, and then exhale through the left nostril. Make sure your baby's mouth is closed. It is necessary to teach him to breathe only through his nose. Repeat the exercise with the left nostril.
• Close the child's right nostril. Let the child take a deep breath with the left side and hold the breath for a couple of seconds. At this time, you will release the right and close the left nostril. Ask your child to exhale slowly.
• Pinch the child's nose completely. Count to ten and open your nostrils. Ask your child to take deep breaths and exhale 10 times through the nose.
• Do the same as in the previous exercise, only inhalation and exhalation is done through the mouth.
• Count to 5 and ask your child to inhale through their nose. Count to 5 again and have the child exhale through the mouth.

Before performing gymnastics, rinse the nasal cavity.

Inhalations for adenoids

By inhaling various drugs, further growth of the tissue of the pharyngeal tonsil can be delayed.

• Take a handkerchief or cotton pad, drop 2-3 drops of essential oil on it and put it for 10 minutes in the room where the child plays. You can use thuja, fir, eucalyptus or mint oil.
• Fill up the bath warm water and drip 5-7 drops of oil into it and let the baby breathe in the fumes for about 10-20 minutes.
• Heat sea salt in a frying pan and add 3 drops of oil to it. It is necessary to make a quick inhalation and a slow exhalation for 5 minutes. This type of inhalation is effective for colds, as it has a drying effect.
• With severe inflammation, to relieve swelling, the doctor may prescribe inhalations with saline, the hormonal drug "Pulmicort", the antibiotic "Fluimucil - antibiotic IT" through a nebulizer.

It includes many effective methods that have a beneficial effect on the enlarged pharyngeal tonsil, and is used as an addition to the main drug therapy.

Electrophoresis - the use of electrical impulses to deliver drugs to the pharyngeal tonsil, such as potassium iodide, silver nitrate, novocaine, prednisone.

Often, ultraviolet radiation is used to treat adenoids in children. Its main effects are: drying of the nasal mucosa, elimination of edema, destruction of pathogenic microbes. Irradiation is carried out intranasally.

Ultrahigh-frequency - therapy is carried out externally. Special plates are applied to the lateral surfaces of the neck and under the angle of the lower jaw. Procedure slows down further development inflammation in the pharyngeal tonsils, relieves pain, helps to strengthen local immunity.

Laser therapy is the most effective method of physiotherapy. Adenoids are treated with a helium-neon laser using a light guide inserted into the nasal cavity. The procedure itself is painless, but requires complete immobility of the patient. Laser therapy has a biostimulating effect on the adenoids.

conclusions

There are many various ways to reduce enlarged tonsils without the use of surgery. But not all methods may be suitable for your child. Most often positive results can be achieved with timely diagnosis and during the commencement of complex treatment. Adenoids of 1 and 2 degrees are easily amenable to therapy. With 3 degrees of vegetation, most likely, you will need to remove the tonsil. In any case, the doctor should deal with the diagnosis and treatment. Only a specialist will select an effective and safe therapy that will help your baby.

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Graduated from the Bashkir State Medical University of the Federal Agency for Health and social development, Ufa, specialty doctor, internship in pediatrics, advanced training courses Russian National Research Medical University. N. I. Pirogov (RNIMU) with a degree in pediatrics. I work in the State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Central City Hospital of the city of Sibay, a children's clinic, as a local pediatrician.

Preschoolers and toddlers school age due to weak immune system and hypersensitivity organisms are most susceptible various diseases. One of the exclusively childhood ailments is adenoiditis - inflammation of the adenoids (pharyngeal tonsils).

During puberty, the body is rebuilt, the immune system gets stronger and easily suppresses most of the inflammatory processes in the tonsils. But it is difficult for babies to deal with the reproduction of bacteria on their own.

Since the symptoms of adenoiditis occur only in children under 10 years of age, the treatment of the disease should be as gentle as possible and at the same time effective. Parents of young children should be aware of all the symptoms of inflammation of the tonsils in order to immediately consult a doctor.

What's this?

Adenoiditis is an inflammatory disease that affects the nasopharyngeal tonsil. The process is localized to back wall nasopharynx. Adenoiditis occurs in children from birth to primary school age.

The prevalence of the disease is more than 25 percent. Such a high rate is due to the hypertrophied form of the tonsil in the nasopharynx. As a result, she constantly provokes inflammatory process and also slows down recovery from various infectious diseases.

Interesting fact! With age, the adenoids atrophy, so adults cannot have such a disease.

Young children are very susceptible to various kinds of infectious diseases. While the child's body develops and adapts to environment, the child's immune system is very sensitive to various stimuli, weakening under the onslaught of all kinds of microorganisms.

When the immune system is weakened, mucus filled with various viruses, bacteria and fungi may begin to accumulate on the inflamed tonsils. At this point, the chances of getting colds and flu increase.

And if a child cannot breathe through his nose, cold and unclean air enters the respiratory tract, which increases the risk of developing an inflammatory process in the body.

Clots of mucus on the tonsils are called adenoids, and the inflammatory process that develops in them is adenoiditis.

It should be noted that adenoiditis is a childhood disease that quite often affects the pharyngeal tonsils of a child under the age of 10 years. During puberty, the child's body is rebuilt and the immune system is already successfully suppressing the reproduction of bacteria in the tonsils.

In the nasopharynx of a newborn child, instead of lymphoid tissue, there are spherical accumulations of lymphocytes. The Pirogov-Waldeyer ring begins its active development in infancy.

The pharyngeal tonsil is formed faster than others, since it is the first to encounter airborne irritants.

The body of children is experiencing increased immune load(diseases, vaccinations). In response, the lymphoid tissue of the tonsil is mobilized and increases in volume. This process is natural, but the frequent increased production of antibodies at the local level leads to pathological growth (hypertrophy).

Classification

There are three degrees of adenoiditis, which differ in the size of the tonsil:

1. First degree. This is the mildest form of the disease, the child's nose breathes freely, the overgrown tonsil closes the nasopharynx by only a third. During sleep, the child breathes through the mouth, because from the influx venous blood in the supine position, the tonsil increases in size and overlaps most nasopharynx.
2. Second degree. The nasopharynx is half closed.
3. Third degree. The tonsil grows to such an extent that the nasopharynx is completely blocked and the child cannot breathe through the nose. The disease brings particular discomfort at night, when the child constantly coughs and chokes.

There is also acute and chronic adenoiditis. The acute form begins with a significant increase in temperature (at the level of 39 ° C). There is a burning sensation in the nasopharynx and the nose is blocked. The ears may also hurt. Acute adenoiditis lasts up to 5 days and can flow into otitis media.

The chronic form of the disease can be triggered by frequent SARS. The baby feels all the signs of intoxication, allergies can develop and the kidneys become inflamed.

A mild form of the disease usually develops as a result of hypothermia, SARS, seasonal weakening of the immune system and manifests itself in a slight increase (inflammation) of the pharyngeal tonsils: the child can remain active, does not complain of headache, temperature and other symptoms characteristic of the inflammatory process.

But the disease should not be ignored: if nothing is done, mild inflammation can turn into sharp shape. Symptoms of acute adenoiditis are very typical: breathing is disturbed, the temperature rises, sleep becomes intermittent, children begin to complain of headaches and fatigue.

The reason for the development chronic disease can serve as untreated acute adenoiditis, bronchial asthma, allergies (in particular, hay fever), general weakening of the immune system, vitamin deficiency or poor nutrition. It is important to start treatment on time to prevent the development of complications.

Chronic adenoiditis can manifest itself in different clinical and morphological variants, depending on the type of reaction that prevails, immunological reactivity, and degree of allergization.

Acute adenoiditis is retronasal angina. Chronic adenoiditis has several classifications:

1. According to the nature of the inflammatory reaction of the adenoid tissue, there is lymphoplasmacytic, lymphocytic-eosinophilic with weak exudation, lymphoreticular.
2. Catarrhal, mucopurulent, exudative-serous.
3. According to the severity of signs of local inflammation, subcompensated, compensated and decompensated adenoiditis, lacquer and superficial adenoiditis are distinguished.

The reasons

The main cause of adenoiditis in children is the coccal flora in the nasopharynx (streptococci, pneumococci, staphylococci and various viruses). Acute forms of adenoiditis, taking into account frequent acute respiratory viral infections, develop into a chronic disease.

Children with allergic diathesis also suffer from adenoiditis. Hypertrophy of the tonsils may be due to a reaction to food and household allergens.

Bad air also affects the condition of the nasopharynx, temperature changes, lack of ventilation and other factors contribute to the development of adenoiditis.

The exact cause of the pathological growth of adenoids is unknown, but a number of provoking factors have been identified:

1. Diseases causing damage to the epithelium of the nasopharynx (whooping cough, measles, scarlet fever, diphtheria), rhinovirus, herpes virus and adenovirus and bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, pneumococci, streptococci.
2. Hereditary lymphatic-hypoplastic anomaly of the constitution. This is a condition in which the lymph nodes are persistently enlarged, endocrine dysfunction is characteristic, of cardio-vascular system. Such children are lethargic, edematous, prone to fullness.
3. Gastroesophageal reflux. Regular reflux of gastric contents into the nasopharynx leads to disruption of the mechanisms of local immunity.
4. Allergies. 35% of allergic children are diagnosed with adenoiditis.
5. Congenital anomalies (curvature of the septum in the nose).
6. Unfavorable environmental conditions under which the nasopharynx is constantly irritated by polluted air.
7. Vitamin D deficiency, diet high in carbohydrates.
8. Early weaning of the baby from breastfeeding.

Any factors that reduce the body's resistance, disrupt its ability to adequately respond to external conditions, can provoke the growth of adenoids.

Symptoms

Acute adenoiditis (retronasal angina) during initial development is accompanied by signs of SARS:

• the temperature rises sharply;
• breathing is disturbed: first transparent, and then mucopurulent snot appear;
• sore throat, cough;
• lymph nodes under the lower jaw and on the neck may increase.

Important! Often joins exudative (with secretions) otitis media, but the child does not always complain of ear pain or hearing loss.

Since there are two forms of adenoiditis (acute and chronic), we will describe the symptoms of each of them. It should be noted that this division is very conditional, because acute inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsils can eventually become chronic, and chronic, on the contrary, sometimes give relapses.

So, the symptoms of acute adenoiditis in a child are as follows:

• heat;
• pain when swallowing;
• feeling of nasal congestion;
• runny nose and coughing fits;
• when examining the throat, there is a slight reddening of the upper tissues;
• mucopurulent discharge from the nasopharynx;
• headache;
• general fatigue and loss of energy.

If exacerbations are frequent, adenoiditis becomes chronic. The inflammatory process in this form often passes to the pharynx, larynx, bronchi, causing bouts of nocturnal coughing and periodic fever.

Symptoms of chronic adenoiditis:

• frequent colds and sore throats;
• nasal congestion;
• runny nose (sometimes purulent secretions);
• change in the voice and sound of speech;
• recurrent otitis media (inflammation of the ears) or hearing loss;
• the child is lethargic, sleeps poorly and always breathes through the mouth.

There is an obsessive cough, intoxication, hyperthermia. The child often complains of headache, soft palate, which is observed when swallowing, pain in the depth of the nose.

There is also an accumulation of a viscous fluid in the nasopharynx, aching and dull pain in the back of the head, pain and tickling in the throat, hearing is reduced. Nasal breathing is sharply disturbed, an obsessive dry cough occurs.

Important! Babies may suck very poorly at the breast or refuse to eat at all.

Diagnostics

To make a diagnosis of “Adenoiditis”, an ENT examination is performed, and a number of instrumental and laboratory research. The first include rhinoscopy, fibroendoscopy of the tonsil in the nasopharynx, as well as rigid endoscopy.

A microbiological and cytological examination of smears from the nasopharynx is also being carried out to determine the pathological flora that contributed to the increase in the tonsil.

After the interview, the doctor will perform an initial examination: check the throat and nasal passages (anterior rhinoscopy), use a mirror on the holder to look into the nasopharynx (posterior rhinoscopy), and assess the condition of the ear passages with an otoscope.

Accurate diagnosis is guaranteed by endoscopic examination. Its technique is as follows:

• in 15 minutes, an analgesic test is done;
• in nasal cavity a vasoconstrictor and an anesthetic are injected;
• a very thin wire with a camera (endoscope) is inserted.

It is problematic to perform an endoscopy on a child under 5 years of age. Can do X-ray, however, it is impossible to determine the degree of adenoid hypertrophy from it.

The inflamed tonsil is larger in volume, so the final diagnosis is made on the basis of an examination after the relief of the exacerbation.

Also, for the diagnosis of adenoiditis, smears from the surface of adenoid vegetations are examined to determine the quantitative ratio of inflamed cells.

Immunological studies are being carried out - they determine the amount of immune circulating complexes, the amount of IgM, IgA in blood plasma, the number of B-lymphocytes.

From the surface of adenoid tissue, microbiological studies of smears are carried out for microflora and their sensitivity to antibiotics.

Treatment

Treatment of adenoiditis at home without the advice of specialists can lead to serious consequences. For example, the general condition of the child will worsen, his performance will decrease.

Due to the lack of oxygen in the blood, the work of the brain and the vascular system of the eyes can suffer, which will lead to drowsiness, fatigue and distracted attention. Well, the most terrible consequences are speech disorders and inflammation of the middle ear.

Interesting to know! There are two methods of treating adenoids: conservative, aimed at relieving symptoms and inflammation, and surgical.

Treatment of adenoiditis is aimed at eliminating the focus of bacteria in the tonsils. Various methods are used to treat the acute form of the disease.

1. Non-drug treatment includes the use of tube quartz and electrophoresis on the lymph nodes. This method is combined with sanitary-resort rest and various recreational activities aimed at increasing the tone and overall strengthening of the immune system.
2. Drug treatment includes the use of antibiotics and vasoconstrictor nasal drops and is aimed at killing bacteria that multiply on the tonsils. At this stage, with the help of various homeopathic preparations, immunotherapy is carried out.

With a protracted chronic form of a disease such as adenoiditis, treatment can also be surgical, aimed at the complete removal of adenoids.

conservative

Such treatment is primarily aimed at reducing swelling and inflammation in the tonsil. Sea salt solutions are widely used for washing the nasal cavity and nasopharynx (Dolphin, Humer, Aquamaris, Nosol). In addition to nasal lavage, homeopathic preparations, to improve the outflow of mucus ("Cinabsin").

Interesting to know! Laser and cryotherapy are also widely used in the treatment of adenoiditis.

Treatment of adenoiditis, which occurs in an acute form with purulent discharge, in most cases involves taking antibiotics, therefore, it is carried out under the supervision of a specialist. The doctor will select the appropriate drug, taking into account the age of the patient, and describe in detail the antibiotic therapy regimen.

You should not be afraid of drugs: modern antibiotics have a rather mild effect on the body, and with the right dosage, the risk of developing side effects minimal.

In addition to the main drug, the otolaryngologist may prescribe nasal drops, vitamin therapy and procedures local action(for example, washing the nasopharynx with herbal decoctions with pronounced antiseptic properties - St. John's wort, wormwood, chamomile, calendula, yarrow).

Important! So that unpleasant symptoms do not return and the treatment of acute adenoiditis in children is successful, do not get carried away with self-treatment: folk remedies are good only as an addition to the course of antibiotic therapy.

In acute adenoiditis, the same treatment is prescribed as the treatment for angina. At the very beginning of the disease, they try to do everything so that the suppurative process does not develop, and limit the development of the inflammatory process.

If there is a fluctuation, then the abscess is opened. They use irrigation therapy, hyposensitizing detoxification, antibiotic therapy, aerosol inhalation.

Surgical

In special cases, with the ineffectiveness of conservative treatment, persistent complications and a significant deterioration in the quality of life of the child, a surgical operation to remove the adenoids is indicated. However, before this, it is imperative to conduct a study of the causes of adenoiditis in order to exclude the allergic nature of the disease.

This is done because allergic adenoiditis is not eliminated surgically, since in this way the causes of the disease are not eliminated. It is enough to simply eliminate the allergen from the environment and environment of the child.

The operation to remove harmful mucus clots is considered quite simple in a technical sense and represents a cardinal elimination of the source of infection.

The disadvantage of this treatment option is the possibility of numerous relapses.

Important! Most often, the disease returns if the doctor left even the slightest trace of infected mucus.

In this case, it will quickly grow again and cause a new surge of adenoiditis.

Operation methods:

1. Adenoids are cut off with a special semicircular device - an adenoid, inserted through the oral cavity. The procedure is under local anesthesia, takes about a minute.
2. endoscopic method. Adenoids are removed using electrocoagulation (loop) or shaver (blade). The procedure lasts 5-10 minutes, usually general anesthesia is used.

It is impossible to remove the entire lymphoid tissue completely with an adenotomy; its re-growth is likely. The risk of relapse depends on the age of the child:

• the highest - at 2 years;
• insignificant - 5-6 years;
• low - after 7 years.

• patients who have been diagnosed with bronchial asthma or an allergic reaction, since there is a high probability of a deterioration in their health after surgery;
• within a month after any preventive vaccinations;
• with anomalies in the development of the soft or hard palate;
• with blood diseases; under the age of 2 years;
• in acute infectious diseases of the respiratory tract.

Important! Removal of the adenoids weakens the immune system, and often after the operation, the child begins to get sick, as parents say, "everyone in a row."

After the operation, the child is under the supervision of a doctor for 2 hours, and if there is no bleeding, he is discharged home. A sparing diet is prescribed for about 5 days, it is recommended to take drugs that improve blood clotting, instill vasoconstrictor drops, and avoid physical stress.

In the early days, fever, nasal congestion, nasality are possible.

ethnoscience

With a disease such as adenoiditis, treatment may include various folk remedies. For this, infusions and decoctions are prepared from herbs, with which the child needs to rinse and bury his nose.

To facilitate breathing through the nose, you can prepare several remedies according to traditional medicine recipes:

Folk remedies have proven their effectiveness more than once, but before using them, it is imperative to consult with your doctor, who will determine the degree of development of the disease and evaluate all the consequences. But The best way the fight against such an unpleasant disease is its prevention.

Important! With adenoiditis, it is necessary to ensure that the child's body receives the maximum amount of vitamins and useful trace elements. Emphasis should be placed on fruits, vegetables and berries in season.

Prevention

If conservative treatment is effective (completely eliminates or minimizes the manifestations of the disease), concentrate on prevention and wait a bit - as a rule, from 10-12 years old, adenoids return to normal and do not bother children at all.

And until that time, you need to provide them with protection from hypothermia (but without fanaticism, because moderate hardening is better for health than wrapping up) and infections, conduct preventive fortification courses, monitor nutrition and daily routine.

Adenoid growths - a consequence of weakening children's immunity. According to Dr. Komarovsky, the effectiveness of pharmacy immunomodulators is doubtful. The popular pediatrician agrees with his colleagues that a child's health is a way of life and the environment.

For the prevention of adenoids, Komarovsky advises:

• ensure clean, healthy, not overheated air in the child's bedroom: remove carpets, install a humidifier, ventilate regularly;
• at least 2 hours of daily walks;
• treat acute respiratory infections, check the condition of the tonsils;
• balance the diet (less refined foods).

These measures will help to avoid both the growth of adenoids and relapses after removal.

Adenoiditis is one of the most common childhood diseases. As a result, parents have many questions. How to diagnose the disease in time, where to start treating adenoiditis in a child? What causes the disease, what is its danger, which doctor should I contact?

general description

Adenoids are called rounded hypertrophied formations located in the nasopharynx, i.e., strongly overgrown pharyngeal tonsils. In a non-enlarged form, they protect the body from the penetration of infections through the nasopharynx.

But with frequent viral or colds tonsils of normal size do not cope with their function, so they begin to grow rapidly.

This condition may be accompanied by severe swelling of the palatine tonsils. This pathology is typical only for childhood . In adults, it is rare, usually due to improper treatment in childhood.

Inflammation of the adenoids is called adenoiditis.. Its cause may be allergic reactions, infections, viruses, congenital hereditary changes or weakened immunity.

Statistically, about 5-10% of children suffer from adenoiditis. The frequency of the disease does not depend on gender: girls and boys are equally prone to the onset of the disease.

Causes

Most often, adenoiditis occurs in children aged from 3 to 14 years old. It is caused by a severe prolonged runny nose, which may be of an allergic or viral nature.

With a runny nose, some of the mucus does not flow out of the nose, but flows down the back wall of the nasopharynx. Bacteria and microbes in it cause severe swelling, inflammation of the protective tissues of the tonsils.

Causes of inflammation of the adenoids:

It is impossible to determine the presence of adenoiditis in a child with the naked eye.

With untimely treatment of purulent adenoiditis in children inflammatory process can lead to very serious consequences:

Often it is impossible to cure running adenoiditis in a conservative way. Only surgery (adenotomy) can help.

Classification

Enlargement of the nasopharyngeal tonsil different origin, also proceeds differently..

There are 3 degrees of adenoid hypertrophy:

• first- slightly cover the upper part of the bony nasal septum (vomer);
• second- overlaps 2/3 of the nasal septum, which greatly complicates nasal breathing;
• third- enlarged tonsils completely cover the opener, air enters the lungs only through the mouth.

Adenoiditis can occur in acute and chronic forms.

The acute course is characterized a sharp increase in temperature, a severe runny nose, headache, a noticeable deterioration in hearing. Acute inflammation occurs as a result of a viral or bacterial infection. The disease develops very quickly, requires immediate treatment.

Chronic form in children often the result of the fact that the treatment of the acute form of adenoiditis is not fully carried out. The disease proceeds with less severe symptoms. The temperature may rise slightly or remain within the normal range.

Nasal congestion, night snoring, hearing loss are often observed. It is not easy to identify the presence of the disease, because the main signs of adenoiditis are often added accompanying illnesses: otitis, sinusitis, or laryngitis.

Chronic inflammation of the adenoids is divided into 3 forms:

• catarrhal;
• exudative-serous;
• purulent.

The most dangerous is precisely the chronic form of inflammation of the nasopharyngeal tonsils.

Symptoms

The acute and chronic stages of the disease have slightly different symptoms.

Direct symptoms of acute adenoiditis:

At chronic course observed:

• runny nose with purulent discharge;
• change in voice timbre;
• frequent otitis;
• recurring angina.

Secondary signs of the disease:

• hearing loss;
• strong night snoring;
• pain in the nose;
• constipation or diarrhea;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• loss of appetite;
• delayed mental and physical development;
• hypoxia;
• "adenoid face" (the lower jaw increases, the bite changes, the facial expression becomes meaningless);
• drowsiness, irritability;
• anemia;
• defective changes chest.

In no case can you treat adenoiditis on your own. This can lead to very sad consequences.

Signs of illness

In infants, adenoiditis extremely rare, but severe. The baby becomes lethargic, loses appetite, abdominal pain, indigestion may appear.

In children from 3 years of age, the main attention should be paid to the frequency colds and behavioral changes. A strong inflammatory process in the nasopharyngeal tonsils may not be observed.

But even with a slight increase in adenoids, a difficulty breathing and snoring during sleep, coughing fits after physical activity and nasal congestion without coryza. The child is often naughty, eats poorly.

Older children may complain of pain in the nose and throat, fatigue. Their performance at school falls, irritability appears, and the temperature may rise.

If at least some signs are found, you should immediately contact an otolaryngologist.

Diagnostics

Can make a correct diagnosis only a specialist after a thorough examination. For this, special mirrors or flexible endoscopes are used, which are inserted into the cavity of the child's nasopharynx.

Finger examination, computed tomography can be performed.

Signs of inflammation are diagnosed by: a large number of lymphocytes indicates viral disease, and an increase in the number of neutrophils - about bacterial.

Often, a throat swab is taken to determine sensitivity to antibiotics. With severe inflammation, they carry out. In some cases it may Need an x-ray of the nasopharynx.

How to treat: methods and schemes

With growth of 1-2 degrees, apply conservative treatment of adenoiditis in children. If the pharyngeal tonsils are constantly inflamed and enlarged to degree 3, then they resort to adenotomy (surgical removal).

For non-surgical treatment, anti-inflammatory and homeopathic medicines, physiotherapy, massage and laser therapy are used.

First of all, vasoconstrictor nasal drops are prescribed: Naphthyzin, Nazivin, Sanorin, Vibrocil, xylene etc. Use them only on the recommendation of a doctor, no more than 5-7 days.

Before use, rinse the nasal cavity with sea water ( Aqualor,Aquamaris) or a solution of furacilin.

Immediately after vasoconstrictor drugs, antimicrobial agents are dripped into the nose: Albucid, Hexoral, Bioparox, Protargol. In severe adenoiditis in children, topical hormonal preparations may be prescribed during treatment ( Nasonex).

Often, when symptoms of adenoiditis are detected in children, antiallergic drugs are prescribed (, Loratadine, ), homeopathic ( Lymphomyosot or Tonsilotren) and anti-inflammatory ( Erespal).

If adenoiditis in children is bacterial in nature, then antibiotics cannot be dispensed with during treatment (, Zinnat and etc). In the case of a viral infection, children must be prescribed antiviral drugs (, Ruferon, ). Be sure to include the intake of vitamin and mineral complexes.

At the same time with drug treatment physiotherapy is prescribed UHF or uh electrophoresis with diphenhydramine), inhalations, herbal teas, breathing exercises and massage. can be done at home. With adenoiditis, inhalations with the addition of essential oils eucalyptus or pine.

For older children, it is good to brew teas from herbs, such as chamomile and sage. If there is no allergy to plants, you can give your child a variety of herbal teas on the basis of marshmallow root, St. John's wort and coltsfoot, birch leaves, rinse the nose with a weak alcohol solution of propolis.

Diet must be followed during treatment, i.e., exclude from the diet all allergenic foods: chocolate, citrus fruits, sweets, nuts, seafood. You can eat fresh vegetables and fruits, cereals, soups, dairy products.

All medications and alternative methods of treatment should be prescribed by a doctor. Without consulting an otolaryngologist, even herbal decoctions should not be given to a child. Only a specialist can determine the appropriateness of a particular treatment method.

O necessary treatment acute and chronic forms of adenoiditis in children are described by the famous pediatrician Komarovsky in this video:

If drug therapy fails, an adenotomy is indicated. Before the operation, it is necessary to remove the inflammation. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. With symptoms of allergic adenoiditis in children, surgical intervention is undesirable.

Within 2-3 weeks avoid physical activity. When taking medications, a course of treatment is required.

Prevention of adenoiditis in children:

• when snoring, coughing and nasal congestion appear, be sure to consult a doctor for timely treatment;
• timely treat colds;
• during epidemics of SARS or influenza, take vitamins and rinse the nose with saline solutions;
• provide the child with proper nutrition;
• hardening regularly.

With proper treatment, acute adenoiditis does not cause complications. It is important to start treatment on time to prevent the development chronic form illness.

In contact with

Adenoiditis is an inflammation that occurs in the region of the pharyngeal tonsil. The process of inflammation is of an infectious-allergic nature, while adenoiditis, the symptoms of which in its course occurs by analogy with the inflammatory process that occurs with tonsillitis, with a long course and undertreatment, can provoke the occurrence and subsequent development of heart defects, diseases of the kidneys, digestive organs and other pathologies .

general description

Mostly adenoiditis occurs in children with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil, however, in adults, the development of acute retronasal tonsillitis is also possible. Diagnosis of the disease is made through an examination conducted by an otolaryngologist.

Causes of adenoiditis

For the development of adenoiditis, the influence of such a number of factors as:

• Artificial feeding;
• Monotonous and predominantly carbohydrate nutrition;
• (with a deficiency in the body of vitamin D);
• (mostly exudative type);
• hypothermia;
• allergies;
• Environmental impact (for example, long stay in a place with polluted and dry air, etc.).

The acute form of adenoiditis develops among children belonging to the category younger age, which occurs in particular due to the activation of the microbial flora in the nasopharynx when exposed to such a factor as hypothermia. Also, its development can serve any infection in which adenoiditis will act as a complication.

Forms of adenoiditis

As in the bulk existing diseases, common forms of adenoiditis are the acute form and the chronic form. The acute form is expressed in the form of retronasal tonsillitis, while the chronic form has the widest variety of clinical and morphological manifestations. The latter, first of all, are determined by the specific predominant inflammatory reaction in the patient, as well as immunological reactivity and the degree of its allergization.

Acute adenoiditis: symptoms

As etiological factors, that is, factors provoking the development of this disease, acute respiratory diseases and streptococcal diseases are distinguished. By analogy with acute inflammation palatine tonsils, however, in more rare cases, acute isolated inflammation may occur.

The onset of the disease is accompanied by an increase in temperature (from 39 degrees or more). There is a feeling of rawness and moderate pain that occurs when swallowing in the depth of the nose. As a rule, the nose is blocked, the patient has a runny nose, paroxysmal cough appears at night. Examination of the pharynx, carried out on the second or third day, indicates a moderate redness formed in the region of its posterior wall, while hyperemia (swelling) of the palatine posterior arches can also be observed against its background. A discharge of mucopurulent consistency flows from the nasopharynx. Posterior rhinoscopy and endoscopy reveal an enlarged and reddened tonsil with discharge-filled grooves.

Patients also experience headaches and pains that occur behind the soft palate when they radiate to the region of the posterior parts of the nasal cavity and to the ears. Sufficiently severe acute form of adenoiditis occurs among infants, and often its diagnosis is difficult, because it has controversial signs. Mostly here, the symptoms are expressed in manifestations characteristic of intoxication, difficulty in sucking, parenteral dyspepsia (indigestion: feeling of fullness in the stomach, early satiety, feeling too long delay in the stomach of food, a feeling of fullness in the epigastric region (requires a difference from bloating, this is not the same symptom), nausea) and dysphagia syndrome (a disorder characterized by impaired swallowing).

Accompanied by the disease and lymphadenopathy. The submandibular and cervical posterior lymph nodes acquire an increase and soreness (by analogy with a chain).

As a rule, the course of this form of adenoiditis lasts for up to five days. A tendency to relapse is characteristic, complications are possible in the form of moderate acute and, lesions of the lacrimal ducts, as well as the lower respiratory tract. Laryngotracheobronchitis may develop. Children under the age of four may also develop a pharyngeal abscess.

Subacute adenoiditis: symptoms

This form of the disease is characterized by a longer duration of its own course. It occurs, as a rule, in children with a diagnosis of severe hypertrophy that occurs in the region of the pharyngeal lymphadenoid ring.

The onset of the disease is characterized by acuteness, often it occurs after lacunar angina. The duration of the subacute form of adenoiditis is about 15-20 days. The post-convalescence proceeds with subfebrile temperature with its incorrect fluctuations, which in some cases in evening time reach 38 degrees or more. The submandibular and cervical lymph nodes remain in a swollen state, sensitivity to probing is characteristic. As for the general condition, it is subject to violations to a small extent. Subfebrile condition acts as a consequence of an unfinished acute form of adenoiditis, which previously accompanied the course of angina.

The development of the subacute form occurs mainly against the background of the acute form with a characteristic subfebrile temperature (in some cases, its higher rise is possible). There is also a purulent runny nose of a protracted nature, cervical, in some cases recurrent and not amenable to conservative treatment, cough and acute otitis media. The disease in this form can continue up to several months with a variable change in state for the better or for the worse.

Chronic adenoiditis: classification

This form of adenoiditis is characterized by its considerable duration, and in addition to its characteristic clinic, it is also characterized by manifestations that occur in the form of ear pathology, pathology of the lower respiratory tract and paranasal sinuses, as well as pathologies of a different type. There are differences in clinical and morphological manifestations based on the inflammatory reaction that prevails in the patient in a particular case, as well as immunological reactivity and the degree of general allergization. There are the following types of chronic form of adenoiditis:

• catarrhal adenoiditis;
• Mucopurulent adenoiditis;
• Exudative-serous adenoiditis;
• Adenoiditis, manifested by characteristic inflammatory reactions in adenoid tissues:
• Adenoiditis lymphocytic-eosinophilic with a weak form of exudation;
• Lymphoplasmocytic adenoiditis;
• Lymphoreticular adenoiditis with serous exudate;
• Adenoiditis neutrophilic-macrophage with characteristic purulent exudate;
• The degree of allergization, as well as the general state of immunity, determine such types of the chronic form of the disease as:
• Adenoiditis with a characteristically pronounced component of the allergic type;
• Adenoiditis with predominant activity in the reactions of the humoral link in the immune system;
• Hypoimmune adenoiditis with a characteristic lack of functional activity characteristic of lymphocytes;
• Purulent-exudative adenoiditis with increased activity of macrophages and neutrophils, decreased phagocytosis and increased activity in T-lymphocytes;
• The degree of severity of signs of inflammation of a local scale in case of damage to anatomical neighboring formations determines the following forms:
• Compensated adenoiditis;
• Adenoiditis subcompensated;
• Decompensated adenoiditis;
• Superficial adenoiditis;
• Adenoiditis is lacunar.

Chronic adenoiditis: symptoms

The chronic form of adenoiditis becomes a consequence of a previously transferred acute form of the disease, while it is often combined with an increase in the pharyngeal tonsil.

As a rule, chronic adenoiditis is expressed in the following manifestations:

• Difficulty in nasal breathing;
• Runny nose (permanent catarrhal, less often - persistent purulent runny nose);
• Frequent exacerbations of the disease, manifested in temperature rises to an average of 38 degrees, as well as in increased runny nose and nasal congestion;
• Quite often parallel diseases occur purulent otitis media and sinusitis, as well as inflammation in the lower respiratory tract or exacerbation of a chronic type of diseases associated with ENT organs.

With an exacerbation, the picture of the disease in a chronic form is similar to acute adenoiditis. Then, after treatment, acute manifestations disappear, which, however, does not eliminate the chronic disease itself. Accordingly, it is this feature that distinguishes the chronic form from the acute form, in which, following the results of treatment, recovery occurs with simultaneous restoration of the affected functions to one degree or another.

Examination of the patient with an actual diagnosis for him in a chronic form indicates a satisfactory general condition, as well as a normal temperature without exacerbation, which subsequently characterizes adenoiditis. Symptoms of this form of the disease are manifested mainly in older children. In this chronic form, the child's lag in mental and physical development which is also reflected in performance. In addition, there are frequent and contradictory manifestations, expressed in drowsiness, occurring in combination with bad dream. There is also increased fatigue and headaches, decreased appetite and nocturnal cough, impaired attention.

A common situation is the development of a chronic form of eustachitis with chronic adenoiditis. The latter is accompanied by hearing loss in a progressive form of the course.

Degrees of development of adenoids

Adenoids develop in accordance with the four degrees defined for them. Compliance with a specific degree subsequently, in addition to the general picture of the disease, determines the adequate methods of treatment provided for each of them.

• 0 degree. The pharyngeal tonsil is characterized by correspondence to normal physiological sizes;
• 1 degree. The growth of the pharyngeal tonsil leads to the closure of only the height of the nasal passages or the upper part of the vomer;
• 2 degree. Due to the increase in the pharyngeal tonsil, about 2/3 of the height of the nasal passages or 2/3 of the vomer is closed;
• 3 degree. An increase in the pharyngeal tonsil leads to the closure of almost the entire vomer.

Treatment of adenoiditis

For adenoids corresponding to grades 1 and 2, conservative treatment is prescribed. This implies the need to take anti-edematous and anti-inflammatory medications, washing the nasal cavity using antiseptic solutions, mucus pumping, ozone therapy, laser therapy. As an additional measure of influence, nasal vasoconstrictor drops, therapy with inhalation are prescribed.

For grade 2 and 3 adenoids in the recurrent form of the course of the disease, surgical removal (i.e., adenotomy) is envisaged.

To diagnose adenoiditis, as well as to prescribe the appropriate treatment, you should contact an otolaryngologist (ENT).

Is everything correct in the article from a medical point of view?

Answer only if you have proven medical knowledge

Adenoiditis is a disease characterized by chronic or acute inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsils.

Since anatomically, the tonsils are located in the pharynx, they are practically invisible during a normal throat examination, therefore, the inflammatory process long time may go unnoticed.

According to Komarovsky, in 80% of cases, adenoiditis occurs in children, since in adulthood atrophy of the pharyngeal tonsils occurs and no inflammatory processes occur.

Causes

What it is? Adenoids (otherwise, adenoid growths or vegetations) are commonly called hypertrophied nasopharyngeal tonsils. Their growth is gradual.

The most common reason for this phenomenon is frequent illnesses upper respiratory tract (, and others). Each contact of the body with the infection occurs with the active participation of the pharyngeal tonsil, which at the same time slightly increases in size. After recovery, when the inflammation passes, it returns to its original state.

If during this period (2-3 weeks) the child falls ill again, then, not having time to return to its original size, the amygdala increases again, but more. This leads to permanent inflammation and growth of lymphoid tissue.

Degrees of the disease

In the event that a mild form is not detected during time and measures are not taken, adenoiditis transitions to an acute form, which is divided into several degrees of enlargement of the pharyngeal tonsils:

1. First degree. Adenoids enlarge and cover the upper part of the bony nasal septum
2. Second degree. The size of the tonsils covers two-thirds of the bony septum of the nose
3. Third degree. Almost the entire nasal septum is closed by adenoids.

The acute form requires immediate treatment, since in the future it can turn into chronic adenoiditis, which negatively affects the health of the child. Enlarged tonsils become inflamed, they develop a large number of bacteria.

Symptoms of adenoiditis in children

The manifestation of adenoiditis in children can cause a number of complications, so it is very important to detect and treat it in the initial stage, and here knowledge of the symptoms will help us. Depending on the stage and nature of the course of the disease, its manifestations can differ significantly.

So, the signs of acute adenoiditis in a child are as follows:

• runny nose and coughing fits;
• when examining the throat, there is a slight reddening of the upper tissues;
• mucopurulent discharge from the nasopharynx;
• heat;
• pain when swallowing;
• feeling of nasal congestion;
• headache;
• general fatigue and loss of energy

Chronic adenoiditis develops as a result of acute inflammation of the adenoids. Its symptoms:

• runny nose (sometimes with purulent discharge);
• change in the voice and sound of speech;
• frequent colds and sore throats; nasal congestion;
• intermittent (inflammation of the ears) or hearing loss;
• the child is lethargic, sleeps poorly and always breathes through the mouth.

The child is often sick viral infections. This is due to both a decrease in immunity and the constant secretion of infected mucus with adenoiditis in children. Mucus flows down the back wall of the pharynx, the inflammatory process spreads to the lower parts of the respiratory tract.

Chronic hypoxia and constant tension of the immune system lead to a delay in physical and mental development. Oxygen deficiency is manifested not only by general hypoxemia, but also by underdevelopment of the facial skull, in particular, upper jaw, as a result of which the child develops an incorrect bite. Possible deformation of the palate ("Gothic" palate) and the development of a "chicken" chest. Adenoiditis in children also leads to chronic.

What does adenoiditis look like in children: photo

The photo below shows how the disease manifests itself in children.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of adenoids does not require the use of specific methods and studies. Based visual inspection The ENT doctor makes a preliminary diagnosis and, if necessary, uses additional diagnostic methods.

Namely:

How to treat adenoiditis in children?

Without surgery, you can get rid of adenoiditis 1 - 2 degrees. At the same time, it is necessary to observe an integrated approach, combining general treatment and local effects on vegetation. Below is exemplary scheme therapy.

The general treatment is as follows:

• immunomodulators (Immunal, Echinacea tincture);
• immunostimulants with a course of 10 - 15 days (FIBS, Aloe extract, Apilak);
• vitamins and microelements;
• antihistamines in a course of 7 - 14 days (Fenkarol, Suprastin, Diazolin, Pipolfen);
• in acute purulent adenoiditis, antibiotics and sulfonamides are indicated.

Local treatment offers the following options:

• drops with anti-inflammatory effect in adenoiditis - Protargol, Nasonex;
• nasal lavage - used both for adenoids and for their inflammation; for washing, you can use solutions of sea salt, Elekasol, Miramistin, Rotokan, Furacilin;
• nasal drops with a vasoconstrictive effect - reduce tissue swelling, remove a runny nose, facilitate the subsequent procedure for washing the nose; you can drip your nose with Tizin, Vibrocil, Sanorin;
• the introduction of drugs into the nasal cavity in the form of drops, spray or solution applied to turunda - Bioparox, Protargol, Collargol, Albucid, Sofradex, Avamys;
• inhalation through a nebulizer - Cedovix, Mentoklar.

It is worth noting that with the age of the child, the adenoids can decrease in size on their own. This is due to the fact that from adolescence, the overall incidence respiratory infections is significantly reduced. The nasopharyngeal tonsil ceases to be in constant contact with pathogenic microorganisms and begins to regress (reduce in size).

Removal of adenoids

Surgical treatment of adenoiditis in children is carried out with inefficiency conservative methods, as well as with difficulty in nasal breathing. The decision on whether to remove the adenoids remains with the parents. But there are a number of absolute indications for surgery. In these cases, intervention cannot be avoided.

Absolute:

• impossibility of breathing through the nose (adenoids 2 - 3 degrees);
• deformation of the sternum and face;
• large adenoids;
• hearing loss.

Relative:

• persistent rhinitis;
• chronic adenoiditis;
• bad breath;
• snoring, poor sleep;
• frequent otitis and sinusitis,.

Indications for surgery:

1. Severe nasal breathing disorders;
2. Beginning deformation of the facial skeleton and chest;
3. Hearing impairment due to hypertrophy of the nasopharyngeal tonsil;
4. Existing chronic inflammatory diseases of other organs of the upper respiratory tract.

laser removal adenoids has a number of advantages over the traditional method:

1. The recovery period after the operation is reduced.
2. Minimal blood loss.
3. The surgeon's actions are more precise.
4. The area of ​​the injured area is reduced.
5. Complete sterility and reduced risk of complications.

Laser for removal of adenoids in children can be used in two ways:

1. Coagulation. A focused beam is used. Recommended for removal of large formations.
2. Valorization. The upper layers of the adenoids are burned with steam, a carbon dioxide laser is used. Recommended for early stages and small formations.

Video: indications for the removal of adenoids in a child - Dr. Komarovsky.