To provide first aid, the personnel of the Armed Forces are equipped with wearable personal equipment: an individual first-aid kit, an individual dressing package and anti-chemical (individual medical equipment).
The crews of combat vehicles are additionally provided with a military first-aid kit (group medical equipment).
Individual and group medical equipment of personnel allows the injured person or his comrade to provide first aid directly at the site of injury (damage).
The nomenclature and number of items included in first-aid kits are regulated by a special collection.
Individual dressing package IPP-1.
ATTENTION! THE OUTER COVER OF THE DELIVERY PACKAGE, THE INTERNAL SURFACE OF WHICH IS STERILE, IS USED FOR APPLICATION OF HERMETIC BANDAGES.
Individual dressing package (IPP-1) - a sterile bandage enclosed in a protective shell, intended for first aid and first aid for injuries and burns. In the field, the package is in the equipment of every soldier, including every medic. The stock of IPP is in the medic's bag and the military medical bag (SMV).
Guaranteed shelf life of the package is 5 years.
Composition of IPP-1
An individual dressing bag consists of a gauze bandage (10 cm x 7 m) and two cotton-gauze pads (17.5 x 32 cm), one of which is fixed at a distance of 12-17 cm from the end of the bandage, and the other can be moved along the bandage to the desired distance . Bandage with cotton-gauze pads wrapped in parchment paper, in the fold of which a safety pin is inserted, and is packed in a hermetic outer sheath made of rubberized fabric, which firmly preserves the sterility of the contents. Printed on the package shell short instruction and date of manufacture.
Application procedure for IPP-1
Tear off the rubberized shell of the bag along the notch of the edge, remove the paper bundle, remove the pin and unfold the paper. When applying a bandage, the package is taken in the left hand, and the outer cover is opened along the incision with the right hand and the package in waxed paper with a pin is removed. THE PIN IS TEMPORARY PICKED IN A VISIBLE PLACE TO THE CLOTHES.
Carefully unroll the paper wrapper. In the left hand they take the end of the bandage with a sewn cotton-gauze pad, and in the right hand - a rolled bandage and spread their arms. The bandage is pulled, as a result of which the pads straighten out. THE PILLOWS ARE APPLIED ON THE WOUND WITH THE SURFACE WHICH DO NOT TOUCH THE HANDS. One side of the pillow is stitched with colored threads.
The person providing assistance can, if necessary, touch only this side with his hands. The pads are bandaged with a bandage, the end of which is fixed with a pin. With penetrating wounds, the movable pad is moved along the bandage to the desired distance, which allows you to close the inlet and outlet of the wound.
Dressing bags with a damaged outer shell are unsuitable for applying an aseptic dressing.
Guideline #1 - Deployment individual dressing package.
Starting position: The trainee lies, holds a package in his hands. On command: “DELIVERY PACKAGING!” the trainee unpacks the package and prepares it for first aid.
The order and sequence of the implementation of the standard:
1. Put the PPI in the left hand so that the longitudinal gluing of the cut shell is on top.
2. Right hand take the notched edge of the gluing and tear it off; expand the rubberized shell.
3. Remove the pin from the paper shell and stick it temporarily into your clothes in a visible place.
4. Unfold the paper wrapper and remove the padded bandage.
5. In the left hand, take the end of the bandage, to which the fixed pad is sewn, and in the right hand - the roll of the bandage and spread your arms to the sides.
6. Take the pads by the sides stitched with colored threads.
Time to meet the standard for assessment (min. s.)
"excellent" - 20 sec
"good" - 25 sec
"satisfactory" - 30 sec
Errors that reduce the rating
For one point - The pin is not fixed on its uniform.
To "unsatisfactory" - The sterility of the package is broken.
NOTE: the bandage is opened by pulling the thread stitched through the paper shell, the latter is unfolded and the bandage is removed; at night, it is allowed to take hands on either side of the pads, but it is necessary to apply to the wound with the side that the hands did not touch.
Individual dressing bag brand AV-3 (PPI brand AV-3)
Individual dressing package brand AV-3 (PPI brand AV-3) is designed to provide first self-help and mutual assistance in case of wounds and injuries with damage to the skin. It has a high sorption capacity, moisture and microbe impermeability, is well modeled and fixed on various parts of the body, provides normal vapor exchange in the wound and painless dressings.
PPI is made of combined materials in accordance with the requirements of modern military medicine. Includes two pads (movable and fixed, one fixed pad available) and an elastic fixing bandage with a Velcro-type fixing fastener at the end (possible with a gauze bandage).
Packed in an airtight sheath made of a combined foil material (polyethylene-foil-lavsan). Sterile.
Individual dressing package AB - 3.
Break the outer shell along the notch.
Remove the inner shell.
Expand the pad, put on the wound with the side stitched with white thread, bandage and secure.
Other dressings.
Other dressings include: small sterile and large dressings, small sterile and large napkins, sterile and non-sterile bandages different sizes, bandages fixing contour, tubular knitted bandages.
General rules for applying bandages.
When applying bandages, you must adhere to the following rules:
when dressing, support the injured part of the body.
hold the bandage in the right hand with a roll up. in the left - hold the bandage and smooth out the bandage.
roll out the bandage without lifting it from the surface of the body, usually from left to right, with each subsequent move overlapping the previous half.
bandage the limbs from the periphery, leaving the tips of intact fingers free.
the bandage should not be applied too tightly (unless a pressure bandage is required) so that it does not interfere with blood circulation, but not too loosely so that it does not slip from the wound.
Individual anti-chemical package.
The package consists of a flat glass bottle with a capacity of 125-135 ml filled with a degassing liquid and four gauze swabs. The whole package is in a cellophane bag. To carry out partial sanitization, it is necessary to open the package, remove the vial and swab, unscrew the cork of the vial and moisten the swab abundantly with its contents, using the first one, moisten the next one, etc., carefully wipe open areas of the skin, face, neck, hands that are suspicious for infection , legs, as well as the edges of the collar and cuffs adjacent to the skin.
ATTENTION! first, the face is treated and a gas mask is put on, then an antidote is injected and the treatment of other infected or suspected areas of the skin and adjacent areas of the uniform continues.
Individual anti-chemical package IPP - 10
The individual anti-chemical package IPP - 10 is designed for prevention and first aid in case of damage by drop-liquid toxic substances.
Allows degassing of open areas of the skin and the uniforms adjacent to them at temperatures from -20 to +40 ° C; applying the formulation to the skin before infection makes it possible to delay their subsequent degassing for 15 minutes. Contains 185 ml degassing formulation.
Individual anti-chemical package IPP-11.
In case of contact with the skin, IMMEDIATELY:
1. Open the bag, take a swab and moisten it with plenty of the bag's liquid.
Wipe the exposed areas of the skin, as well as the helmet (mask) of the gas mask, with a moistened swab.
2. Moisten the swab again and wipe the collar and cuff edges with it
uniforms adjacent to exposed areas of the skin.
First aid kit individual AI-1
Complete set of the first-aid kit individual AI-1
Section No. 1: 2 syringe tubes with a remedy for FOV poisoning - with a red cap (Athens 1.0 or Budaksim 2.0).
Section No. 2: a syringe tube with an analgesic agent - promedol in a syringe tube with a colorless cap (1 ml of a 2% solution of promedol or omnopon). It is not included in the first-aid kit, it is issued by special decision.
Section No. 3: radioprotective agent (cystamine tablets) - 2 red pencil cases.
Section No. 4: an antibacterial agent (tetracycline hydrochloride, after 1987 vibromycin) - 2 colorless pencil cases.
Section No. 5: reserve seat. Depending on the conditions, prophylactic antidote P-6 (taren) or radioprotective agent No. 2 (potassium iodide) was invested.
Section No. 6: antiemetic (etaperazine 0.006 g or dimertcarb tablets) - 1 blue pencil case.
First aid kit AI-1M
The AI-1M personal first-aid kit has the following differences from AI-1, an agent for the prevention of poisoning FOV P-10M (one pencil case), an antiseptic agent (5% iodine solution in ampoules, two ampoules), as well as a water disinfectant (pantocide in tablets, one pencil case). Date of acceptance for supply - 1995.
Until 1998, the taren was officially approved for use in cases of organophosphorus poisoning and was part of the AI-1 and AI-2 first aid kits.
First aid kit individual AI-2
Appearance and content AI-2. In the upper left corner you can see 2 empty sockets for promedol and athena12.
Developed as a regular means of medical care for power structures and civil defense forces in the USSR. In the conditions of a total military conflict with the use of weapons of mass destruction, civilian population in areas close to the lesions. It looks like a bright orange plastic box measuring 9cm × 10cm × 2cm with the inscription "Individual First Aid Kit", a cross in a circle and tabs for holding. Inside - several cells for medicines, medicine cases, instructions
Complete set of the first-aid kit individual AI-2
Antibacterial agent No. 2 (sulfadimethoxine 0.2 g) - 1 elongated pencil case without coloring for 15 tablets;
Radioprotective agent No. 2 (potassium iodide 0.125 g) - 1 pencil case white color for 10 tablets;
Antiemetic (etaperazine 0.006 g) - 1 pencil case blue color for 6 tablets;
Antibacterial agent No. 1 (chlortetracycline 0.006 g) - 2 pencil cases without coloring with square cases for 5 tablets each;
Socket 1- pain reliever promedol*) is in a syringe tube. It is used for bone fractures, extensive wounds and burns, as an anti-shock agent, by injection into soft tissues thighs or arms. It is allowed to make an injection through clothing.
Socket 2- a means to prevent poisoning by organophosphorus toxic substances (antidote taren*), 6 tablets of 0.3 g each. It is located in a red round case with four semi-oval protrusions on the body. In conditions of a threat of poisoning, they take an antidote, and then put on a gas mask.
With the appearance and increase of signs of poisoning (impaired vision, the appearance of severe shortness of breath), you should take another pill. Re-admission is recommended no earlier than 5-6 hours later.
Socket 3- antibacterial agent 2 ( sulfadimethoxine), 15 tablets of 0.2 g each. It is located in a large round pencil case without coloring. The agent should be used for gastrointestinal upset that occurs after radiation injury. On the first day, take 7 tablets (in one dose), and in the next two days - 4 tablets each. This drug is a prophylactic infectious diseases that may arise due to the weakening of the protective abilities of the irradiated organism.
Socket 4- radioprotective agent No. 1 ( cystamine), 12 tablets of 0.2 g each. It is located in two pink octagonal cases. Take it for personal prophylaxis in case of a threat of radiation damage, 6 tablets immediately and preferably 30-60 minutes before exposure.
Socket 5- antibacterial agent No. 1 - antibiotic a wide range actions ( chlortetracycline hydrochloride), 10 tablets of 1,000,000 units. It is located in two tetrahedral canisters without coloring. Taken as a remedy emergency prevention in case of a threat of infection with bacterial agents or in case of infection with them, as well as in case of injuries and burns (to prevent infection). First, they take the contents of one case - 5 tablets at once, and then after 6 hours they take the contents of another case - also 5 tablets.
Socket 6- radioprotective agent No. 2 ( potassium iodide), 10 tablets. It is in a white tetrahedral case with longitudinal semi-oval cuts in the walls of the faces.
The drug should be taken one tablet daily for 10 days after the accident at the nuclear power plant and in the case of a person eating food from a contaminated area. The drug prevents the deposition in thyroid gland radioactive iodine that enters the body from the external environment.
Socket 7- an antiemetic etaperazine), 5 tablets of 0.004 g. It is located in a blue round case with six longitudinal protruding stripes. It is taken 1 tablet for head bruises, concussions and concussions, as well as immediately after radioactive exposure in order to prevent vomiting. If nausea persists, take one tablet every 3 to 4 hours.
When using all of the above drugs (except for analgesic and radioprotective agent No. 2) for children, the doses are:
- up to 8 years - 0.25 doses of an adult;
- from 8 to 15 years - 0.5 doses.
* According to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 30, 1998, 681 promedol and taren are classified as drugs and psychotropic substances, the circulation of which is limited. Therefore, in first-aid kits that are widely sold, these drugs are not available.
First aid kit AI-2 canceled
April 10, 2012 Golikova T.A. signed by the Ministry of Health and social development RF No. 335 "On declaring it inoperative on the territory Russian Federation order of the Ministry of Health of the USSR of August 18, 1988 No. 660 "On approval of the composition of AI-II".
In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation No. 999 of December 23, 2005 and taking into account the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia No. 335 of April 10, 2012, an approved medical device personal protection, for the regular number of personnel of all formations, became
First aid kit individual - a set of means of medical self-help for a serviceman. The first-aid kit is designed to provide self-help, mutual assistance, prevention or weakening of the damaging effect of radiation substances (RS), bacterial agents (BS) and organophosphorus poisonous substances (FOB), as well as for first aid in case of mechanical and thermal lesions personnel.
The first aid kit contains medical devices distributed by nests in a plastic box.
First aid kit individual AI-1
In nest 1 there is a syringe tube (with a red cap) containing an antidote (antidote) against organophosphorus poisonous substances (VX, sarin, soman). The second compartment of this nest is a reserve one (some first-aid kits may have the same second syringe tube).
In slot 2 there is a syringe tube (with a white cap) containing an analgesic agent that is injected under the skin to reduce pain in wounds, burns and fractures.
Slot 3 contains 12 radioprotective tablets in two raspberry-colored hexagonal cases. When there is a threat of exposure to penetrating radiation, when operating in areas contaminated with radioactive products of a nuclear explosion, six tablets are taken at once. This dose is effective for 4-5 hours. If the action continues in the infected area, the remaining six tablets must be taken.
In nest 4, two white rectangular cases contain eight tablets of an antibacterial agent. In case of injuries, burns or the threat of bacteriological (biological) infection, eight tablets of the drug are taken simultaneously, after 6-8 hours - again eight tablets from the second case.
Slot 5 is reserved.
In nest 6, in a round ribbed blue pencil case, there are tablets of etaperazine, an antiemetic. It is taken one tablet at a time in cases of signs of a primary reaction to radioactive irradiation (nausea, vomiting), as well as when these disorders occur as a result of concussion or injury.
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Designed to equip each employee of all objects of the economy of the Russian Federation, regardless of the form of ownership. The AI-2 first-aid kit is included in the mandatory equipment list for non-standard emergency rescue teams (NASF), which are part of the forces and means of Civil Defense and Civil Protection of especially dangerous enterprises of great defense and economic importance in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation No. 999 dated 12/23/2005 .
Compound:
Pain medication (promedol, trimepedine), socket No. 1, a syringe tube with an unpainted cap. It is used for fractures, extensive wounds and burns.
Rules for using a syringe tube: remove the syringe tube from the first-aid kit and, holding it in one hand, grasp the ribbed rim with the other. rotary motion vigorously push the rim to the stop, then remove the cap that protects the needle. Without touching the needle with your hands, inject it into the soft tissues of the thigh in upper third outside (possible through clothing). Strongly squeezing the tube with your fingers, squeeze out the contents and remove the needle without opening your fingers.
Remedy for poisoning FOV (Athens), nest number 2, red pencil case. Take 1 tablet at the signal of civil defense. With an increase in signs of poisoning, take another pill. Children under 8 years old are given 1/4 tablet for 1 dose, and 1/2 tablet for children from 8 to 15 years old. Classified as class A drugs (drugs and precursors).
Antibacterial agent No. 2 (sulfadimethoxine 0.2 g = 15 tablets), nest number 3, a large pencil case without coloring. Taken after irradiation if it occurs gastrointestinal disorders 7 tablets in one dose on the first day, 4 tablets in the next two days. Children under 8 years of age in 1 day for 1 dose are given 2 tablets, and from 8 to 15 years - 3.5 tablets. In the next 2 days, children under 8 years old are given 1 tablet per dose, and from 8 to 15 years old - 3 tablets.
Radioprotective agent No. 1 (cystamine 0.2 g = 12 tablets), nest number 4, two crimson pencil cases. Take 6 tablets with a glass of water if there is a risk of exposure. At new threat irradiation after 4-5 hours, take another 6 tablets. Children under 8 years old are given 1.5 tablets per dose, and from 8 to 15 years old - 3 tablets.
Antibacterial agent No. 1 (chlortetracycline 0.006 g = 10 tablets), socket No. 5, two pencil cases without coloring with square bodies. Take with a threat or bacterial infection, as well as for wounds and burns, the contents of one pencil case (5 tablets), washed down with water. The contents of the second pencil case (5 tablets) should be taken after 6 hours. Children under 8 years old are given 1 tablet per dose, and from 8 to 15 years old - 2.5 tablets.
Radioprotective agent No. 2 (potassium iodide 0.125 g = 10 tablets), nest number 6, white pencil case. Adults and children take 1 tablet daily for 10 days after fallout with fresh milk.
Antiemetic (perphenazine, etaperazine 0.006 g = 6 tablets), nest number 7, blue pencil case. Take 1 tablet immediately after irradiation, as well as when nausea occurs after a head injury. Children under 8 years old are given 1/4 tablet for 1 dose, and 1/2 tablet for children from 8 to 15 years old.
Means for poisoning with FOV and analgesic are invested by the consumer, because assigned to class A drugs (drugs and precursors).
First-aid kits are stored in heated warehouses, at a distance of at least 1 m from a heat source at a temperature of 1 to 20 degrees C. Produced in accordance with GOST 23267-78, TU 9398-023-42965160-2003
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An individual first-aid kit of a soldier is a special set of medical devices and preparations intended to provide individual or collective emergency care with various burns, wounds and other extreme situations, directly in combat conditions. What are the main types of these products? How to wear it correctly? You will read about this and much more in our article.
Types of army medical kits
There are several varieties of army military first aid kits. In the general case, they can be individual or collective, intended for combat personnel or paramedics working in military field conditions and civil needs.
Basic types of military first aid kits include:
- First aid kit individual medical. It is often referred to as a tactical first aid kit. Includes 4 main classes with several varieties and is briefly labeled AI. At the same time, AI-1 and AI-3 with modifications are intended for military needs. AI-2 and AI-4 are simplified versions for ordinary residents and are used as personal protective equipment as part of civil defense;
- Army first aid kit. It is an extended set medications and drugs that are equipped with wheeled and tracked vehicles in the armed forces of the Russian Federation. Allows to carry out the first emergency medical aid in respect of 3-5 wounded crew members;
- WF set. It is an extended functional set medicines and a variety of medicines intended for the systemic provision of first emergency medical care. Paramedic military kit most often act as a regular unit for a medical platoon, battalion. In addition, they are equipped with links of evacuation routes and places of military operations. It is used not only by the military and is currently in service with civilian emergency services, in addition to this, a certain number of them are stored in the warehouses of civil defense and emergency situations.
Composition of a military personal first aid kit
Currently Russian army enjoys modern means personal protective equipment, including an appropriate medical kit. However, in the vastness of the country, you can still find variations of individual sets for military or civilian needs of previous modifications.
AI-1
The first modification of the AI-1 first aid kit was accepted for supply back in 1978. It is intended for the implementation of shock prevention in case of injuries, wounds, as well as the provision of medical care in case of bacterial, chemical or radiation damage.
The basic composition of the army individual first-aid kit AI-1 includes:
- Two syringe tubes with athena or Budaksim. Designed for use in case of FOV poisoning;
- One syringe tube with analgesic drug spectrum. Most often they receive a solution of promedol. Included optionally by special permission;
- Cystamine tablets. Acts as a radioprotective agent;
- Antibiotic in tablet form. Previously, tetracycline hydrochloride was used, after 1987 it was replaced by vibromycin;
- Antidote. It was supplied optionally depending on the specific potential military conditions. Most often they were a combination of phenazepam, aminostigmine and fluorocyzine or potassium iodide;
- Etaperazine in tablets. A strong antiemetic.
In a more modern variation of AI-1, adopted for supply already in 1995, poisoning prevention agents, antiseptics, and water disinfection solutions were added to the above preparations.
AI-2
Civilian version of the AI-1, on this moment considered obsolete. It was intended for emergency therapy in situations involving the use of weapons of mass destruction, as well as mutual assistance in case of injuries.
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The basic composition of the AI-2 first aid kit included 2 radioprotective and antibacterial agents, as well as an antiemetic drug. In addition, until 1995, aprofen was present in the composition, which is an antidote for damage by organophosphorus compounds. Variations of the AI-2 personal first aid kit, previously used by non-military law enforcement officers, also included a narcotic opioid analgesic and athens.
AI-3
At the moment, it is the main option for an individual military first-aid kit, it contains a universal set of first aid emergency aid.
The basic composition of the individual first-aid kit AI-3:
- One hemostatic tourniquet;
- General purpose broad spectrum antibiotic. Usually they are doxycycline;
- 1 dressing individual package;
- Two tubes of narcotic analgesics. They are supplied by special order; in peacetime, the first-aid kit is not completed with them;
- Two antidotes. Budaxim and Athens;
- Antiemetic and radioprotective agent. Accordingly, etaperazine and cystamine.
An extended variation of the AI-3-3sp includes about 3 dozen positions designed to provide assistance to a group of soldiers, up to 2 dozen people.
AI-4
Civilian version of the military individual first-aid kit AI 3 in 4 variations. It was used in regular situations involving the use of weapons of mass destruction. It included remedies for poisoning with organophosphorus compounds, potent poisonous components, and reserve antidotes.
In addition, it contained antibacterial and radioprotective components, an analgesic and an antiemetic drug. At the moment it is considered obsolete, the official one has ceased to be used since 2012, and has been replaced by a set of individual medical civil protection, containing 13 components
Composition of the individual first-aid kit AI-4:
- dressing package;
- Ketorol;
- Oral duct;
- Ammonia;
- sodium thiosulfate;
- Ftsizol;
- Hemostatic tourniquet;
- Mexidol;
- doxycycline;
- potassium iodide;
- heating pad;
- Disinfecting and hemostatic wipes.
Chemical packages
A modern individual anti-chemical package is a set of IPP 11 series. It is designed to neutralize a wide range of irritating and toxic substances on the skin, personal protective equipment and so on. The basic working substance is a combined liquid containing water, sodium hydroxide, ethyl carbitol, triethylene glycol and lanthanum nitrate.
Can perform effective prevention when applied in advance to the skin up to one day.
The anti-chemical package is used quite simply: it is necessary to open it along the carved notch, process it with a swab skin available liquid, and then dispose of the residue as household waste.
Individual AI1-AI4 kits can be worn in the summer period wherever it is convenient, for example, using the side pockets of a tactical vest. In the cold season, the appropriate product is placed in the breast pocket under several layers of clothing to minimize the risk of liquid substances freezing and spoiling.
Military first-aid kits and paramedic kits are carried in appropriate cases or specialized bags - both devices have the necessary set in sections for the correct distribution of available substances.
