Childhood bronchitis is a common disease. Many parents recognize it almost by the first symptoms - wheezing in the bronchi. And all because there is, perhaps, not a single child who has never suffered from bronchitis in his life. With this disease, as is known, treatment must be quick and accurate so that unwanted complications do not appear. Many moms and dads ask if they can get by folk remedies for bronchitis. This is what we will try to understand in this article.
What is it, symptoms and signs
Bronchitis is an inflammation of the lining of the bronchi, both the mucous membrane and the entire bronchial wall. In children, it can appear in two ways - as a separate ailment (primary), and as an echo or complication of another past illness(secondary).
As a result of inflammation, the ability of the bronchi to produce and promptly remove a special secretion, which initially serves to protect the respiratory system from the penetration of viruses and other foreign “guests,” is impaired. During illness, more secretion is produced, and if its removal to the outside (in the form of sputum as a result of expectoration) is impaired, this is fraught with serious consequences, such as pneumonia.
With chronic bronchitis, a cough plagues the child for several months in a row. As a rule, it intensifies in the morning and subsides somewhat in the evening. However, the reflex does not bring much relief, since a small amount of sputum is released, although the cough is wet. Children with allergies suffer more than others from the chronic form of the disease.
Not every child who gets a viral infection or suffers from allergies develops bronchitis.
Features of the condition play a role in many respects immune system baby, as well as the presence or absence of factors that are considered predisposing to bronchitis:
- Air pollution (dust, smoke, fumes, gases).
- Too dry or too wet air.
- Unfavorable environmental conditions.
What is the danger?
Bronchitis can become complicated and become bronchopneumonia. It's pretty dangerous disease, in which, against the background of reduced immunity to viral infection bacterial secondary joins. Another unpleasant thing possible complication- pneumonia (pneumonia). Long-term chronic bronchitis can develop into obstructive pulmonary disease. In the most severe cases it develops bronchial asthma, emphysema and cardiopulmonary failure.
Treatment options
Since most cases of childhood bronchitis are viral in nature, antibiotics are not effective for this disease. But good result gives the use of anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen, etc.). Doctors willingly allow patients to treat this disease with drugs alternative medicine. Moreover, in addition to drug treatment, and as an independent therapy. First of all, this a large number of special decoctions, teas and infusions to thin sputum.
If the sputum does not contain any impurities of pus, you can apply rubbing and warm compresses. Vibration (drainage) massage will be useful for children of any age; we will talk about it below.
When are traditional methods not enough?
Despite the positive attitude of doctors towards traditional medicine recipes in the treatment of bronchitis, there are conditions that require exclusively drug therapy. These are bacterial bronchitis, severe, sometimes requiring hospitalization. If a child develops a secondary bacterial infection, the doctor will also not allow the use of folk remedies, with the exception of vibration massage.
Another “contraindication” for alternative medicine is the presence of impurities of pus and blood in expectorated sputum. Chronic bronchitis cannot always be treated with homemade remedies.
Folk remedies
Beverages
It is best to brew your child teas with raspberries, currants, make fruit drinks from frozen or fresh berries; pediatricians recommend drinking more compotes and decoctions for this disease. However, it is advisable to pre-coordinate the use of herbal decoctions and infusions with your doctor in order to reduce the risk of developing allergic reaction to plant substances and essential oils. You can brew simple but effective medicinal drinks at home.
- A decoction of plantain helps well, for the preparation of which you need to take a tablespoon of crushed dry leaves (not sold in pharmacies) and brew 200 ml of boiling water. Infants are dosed with teaspoons of the decoction; older children can be given a quarter glass per dose.
- Removing phlegm and reducing inflammatory process Radish juice helps. To do this, the root vegetable is cleaned, cut into small pieces and sprinkled with sugar. You need to infuse the product in a closed container for about 12 hours, after which the resulting juice should be given a teaspoon several times a day. Radish and sugar are contraindicated for infants. And after 3 years, a child can take honey instead of sugar if he does not have an allergic reaction.
- A good drink can be prepared from chamomile and raspberry leaves. You need to take a tablespoon of herbal raw materials and pour half a liter boiled water. Leave in a water bath for about 10 minutes, then cool, strain and give your child a quarter glass 3 times a day.
The best “helpers” for parents in the treatment of childhood bronchitis are considered to be onions and garlic, lemon, figs, horseradish, mint, cinnamon, milk and ginger.
Rubbing and wrapping. Children from 3 years old can rub their chest and back with warm camphor oil or fir oil. With regular sunflower oil or you can make special wraps with sea buckthorn oil. To do this, you need to heat the oil in a water bath, moisten a towel in it, and wrap the child’s torso for several hours.
The most famous rubbing for bronchitis is rubbing with badger fat. The child's chest and back are generously lubricated with this product, and then the patient is covered with a warm blanket. It is strictly forbidden to do warming rubbing and wraps at elevated body temperatures, as well as in the presence of pus and blood in the sputum.
Compresses
The removal of sputum will become easier and faster if a curd compress is applied to the baby’s chest throughout the night. To prepare it, you will need 300 grams of granular cottage cheese, fold it into gauze, and give it a rectangular shape. Place the resulting layer on chest, after making sure that there are no wounds or abrasions on the skin. You can use cling film as an intermediate layer. According to parents, 3-4 days are enough to notice the effect of curd compresses.
In the same way they make warm potato compress, which is applied for 1-2 hours during the daytime.
Under no circumstances should children be given compresses based on alcohol and vinegar. These substances severely irritate the skin, and inhaling the vapors complicates the course of bronchitis itself.
Massage
This is a great way to relieve your child of mucus stagnation in the bronchi and speed up recovery. Infant take it in your arms and gently tap it with your fingertips on the back, and then on the chest in the area of the bronchi and lungs.
Older children are placed across the adult's lap, so that their head is level above their butt. Tap with your fingertips and make circular movements along the back in the area of the bronchi. Then they ask the child to stand up sharply and clear his throat.
The area of the ribs on the sides of the sternum is also massaged using tapping (vibrating) movements in a standing position. It is important to repeat each technique at least 10-15 times in one session.
These simple actions, which any mother and even father can do on their own, help avoid stagnation and drying out of mucus in the bronchi.
In the treatment of bronchitis, especially acute form, it is very important to give the child plenty of water (from 2 to 4 liters per day). The drink should be warm. This will help remove bronchial secretions from the inflamed respiratory organs.
It is imperative to humidify the air in the room where a child with bronchitis is. To do this, you can use special devices - humidifiers, or simply hang out wet towels and sheets more often and make sure that they do not dry out. It is especially important to create sufficiently humidified air in winter time, at the height of the heating season. The air humidity level should be at 50-70%.
With bronchitis, children sweat more often and more profusely. It is important to ensure that the baby is dressed appropriately for the weather, not warmer. At heavy sweating The child should be rinsed in the shower and changed into dry clothes.
As soon as acute phase the disease was left behind, the temperature came to normal values, do not allow your child to lie in bed during the daytime. To make the cough go away faster, at this stage you need to move a lot, walk on fresh air, actively play.
He could have caught a cold or contracted a viral infection. And it could also be. How to identify this disease by symptoms? How to treat bronchitis in children and when to consult a doctor to prevent complications? We will deal with all these questions in the article.
What is bronchitis and how does it manifest in children?
The very word “bronchitis” scares parents. Simply put, bronchitis- these are the bronchi. Most often, bronchitis can appear due to a cold or during the cold season, when the child is weakened. It is worth noting that at proper treatment the disease goes away without a trace and does not cause complications. Bronchitis can be acute or chronic. Fortunately, the latter type of disease is rare in children.
The primary symptoms of bronchitis appear like a common cold. This is a runny nose and a dry, hacking cough. The baby may develop a rise in body temperature. Please note that the child may begin to complain of chest pain. You need to pay attention to whether the baby has shortness of breath, wheezing, or rapid heartbeat. After a few days, the cough becomes wet and sputum may be produced. Exactly The type of bronchitis is determined by sputum. If the sputum is clear, then this is an acute form, and if it is purulent, then it is a chronic form of bronchitis.
As a rule, acute bronchitis occurs within 3-4 days. If the treatment is correct and timely, then after 10 days recovery occurs. If treatment is not carried out, then there is a high probability that bronchitis will develop chronic form.
Therefore, at the first symptoms It is very important to consult a doctor. You cannot self-medicate. After all, only a qualified specialist can understand the symptoms of the disease and prescribe the correct treatment.
How to treat bronchitis in a child?
Treatment of a child can be carried out at home, but only with the agreement of a doctor. If suddenly there is a threat that bronchitis becomes chronic, the child elevated temperature, That hospitalization required. This is especially true for babies under 1 year of age, whose respiratory organs are not yet fully functioning.
In the treatment of bronchitis in some cases the doctor can prescribe. They should be taken in strict accordance with the instructions and recommendations of the doctor.
Video treatment of bronchitis in children
If the form of bronchitis is not complicated, then the child needs bed rest, warm drinks, and antipyretics. It is important not to limit the amount of warm drinks. After the temperature returns to normal, folk remedies can be added in addition to drug treatment. This can be done only after agreement with the doctor.
For bronchitis, your child will be helped by:
- Herbal or soda inhalations;
- Mustard plasters. For babies, mustard plasters must be placed through a cloth or diaper to prevent it. For children over 3 years old, mustard plasters can be placed without fabric, but they must be turned over;
IMPORTANT! Applying mustard plasters to the heart area is strictly prohibited.
- Warming baths;
- Rubbing the chest or soles of the feet. Rubbing is usually done at night. If this is the chest area, then you need to wear a T-shirt or jacket. If you rub the soles of your feet, be sure to wear socks.
Physiotherapeutic procedures may also be prescribed to treat bronchitis. High-quality nutrition is also very important for recovery. 
As statistics show, bronchitis is a disease of young children and preschool age. In order for a child to get sick less often, prevention is necessary. Therefore, parents should follow the following recommendations:
- Timely treatment of any colds. The child should not have prolonged runny nose, since it is a chronic runny nose that can provoke the occurrence of diseases of the respiratory system;
- The child should not become hypothermic;
- The room in which the child is located must be well ventilated. Under no circumstances should you smoke in it;
- The child should receive healthy and nutritious nutrition;
- It is necessary to accustom the child to conduct healthy image life and harden. Physical education is important.
Compliance with these simple conditions will help your baby be healthy and not get sick!
Attention! Use of any medicines and dietary supplements, as well as the use of any therapeutic methods, is possible only with the permission of a doctor.
– nonspecific inflammation of the lower sections respiratory tract, occurring with damage to bronchi of various sizes. Bronchitis in children is manifested by a cough (dry or with sputum) of various nature), increased body temperature, chest pain, bronchial obstruction, wheezing. Bronchitis in children is diagnosed on the basis of auscultation, chest radiography, general blood test, sputum examination, respiratory function, bronchoscopy, bronchography. Pharmacotherapy of bronchitis in children is carried out antibacterial drugs, mucolytics, antitussives; physiotherapeutic treatment includes inhalations, ultraviolet irradiation, electrophoresis, cupping and vibration massage, exercise therapy.
General information
Bronchitis in children is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tree of various etiologies. For every 1000 children, there are 100-200 cases of bronchitis annually. Acute bronchitis accounts for 50% of all respiratory tract lesions in children early age. The disease develops especially often in children in the first 3 years of life; It is most severe in infants. Due to the variety of causally significant factors, bronchitis in children is the subject of study in pediatrics, pediatric pulmonology and allergology-immunology.
Causes of bronchitis in children
In most cases, bronchitis in a child develops following previous viral diseases- influenza, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial infection. Somewhat less frequently, bronchitis in children is caused by bacterial pathogens (streptococcus, pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella, Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, Klebsiella), fungi of the genus Aspergillus and Candida, intracellular infection (chlamydia, mycoplasma, cytomegalovirus). Bronchitis in children often accompanies measles, diphtheria, and whooping cough.
Bronchitis of allergic etiology occurs in children sensitized by inhaled allergens entering the bronchial tree with inhaled air: house dust, household chemicals, plant pollen, etc. In some cases, bronchitis in children is associated with irritation of the bronchial mucosa by chemical or physical factors: polluted air, tobacco smoke, gasoline vapors, etc.
There is a predisposition to bronchitis in children with a burdened perinatal background (birth injuries, prematurity, malnutrition, etc.), constitutional anomalies (lymphatic-hypoplastic and exudative-catarrhal diathesis), congenital defects of the respiratory system, frequent respiratory diseases (rhinitis, laryngitis, pharyngitis, tracheitis), impaired nasal breathing (adenoids, deviated nasal septum), chronic purulent infection (sinusitis, chronic tonsillitis).
Epidemiologically highest value have a cold season (mainly autumn-winter), seasonal outbreaks of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza, children staying in children's groups, and unfavorable social and living conditions.
Pathogenesis of bronchitis in children
The specifics of the development of bronchitis in children are inextricably linked with the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the respiratory tract in childhood: abundant blood supply to the mucous membrane, looseness of the submucosal structures. These features contribute to the rapid spread of the exudative-proliferative reaction from the upper respiratory tract into the depths of the respiratory tract.
Viral and bacterial toxins suppress the motor activity of the ciliated epithelium. As a result of infiltration and swelling of the mucous membrane, as well as increased secretion of viscous mucus, the “flickering” of the cilia slows down even more - thereby turning off the main mechanism of self-cleaning of the bronchi. It leads to sharp decline drainage function of the bronchi and difficulty in the outflow of sputum from the lower parts of the respiratory tract. Against this background, conditions are created for further reproduction and spread of infection, obstruction of smaller caliber bronchi with secretions.
Thus, the characteristics of bronchitis in children are the significant extent and depth of damage to the bronchial wall and the severity of the inflammatory reaction.
Classification of bronchitis in children
Based on their origin, primary and secondary bronchitis in children is distinguished. Primary bronchitis initially begins in the bronchi and affects only the bronchial tree. Secondary bronchitis in children is a continuation or complication of another pathology of the respiratory tract.
The course of bronchitis in children can be acute, chronic and recurrent. Taking into account the extent of inflammation, limited bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchi within one segment or lobe of the lung), widespread bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchi of two or more lobes) and diffuse bronchitis in children (bilateral inflammation of the bronchi) are distinguished.
Depending on the nature of the inflammatory reaction, bronchitis in children can be catarrhal, purulent, fibrinous, hemorrhagic, ulcerative, necrotic and mixed. In children, catarrhal, catarrhal-purulent and purulent bronchitis is more common. A special place among respiratory tract lesions is occupied by bronchiolitis in children (including obliterative) - bilateral inflammation of the terminal parts of the bronchial tree.
According to etiology, viral, bacterial, viral-bacterial, fungal, irritative and allergic bronchitis in children are distinguished. Based on the presence of obstructive components, non-obstructive and obstructive bronchitis in children is distinguished.
Symptoms of bronchitis in children
Development acute bronchitis in children, in most cases, signs of a viral infection precede: sore throat, coughing, hoarseness, runny nose, symptoms of conjunctivitis. A cough soon appears: obsessive and dry at the beginning of the disease, by 5-7 days it becomes softer, moist and productive with the separation of mucous or mucopurulent sputum. In case of acute bronchitis, a child experiences an increase in body temperature up to 38-38.5 ° C (lasting from 2-3 to 8-10 days depending on the etiology), sweating, malaise, chest pain when coughing, in young children - shortness of breath. The course of acute bronchitis in children is usually favorable; the disease ends with recovery on average after 10-14 days. In some cases, acute bronchitis in children can be complicated by bronchopneumonia. With recurrent bronchitis in children, exacerbations occur 3-4 times a year.
Obstructive bronchitis in children it usually manifests itself in the 2-3rd year of life. The leading sign of the disease is bronchial obstruction, which is expressed by paroxysmal cough, noisy wheezing, prolonged exhalation, and distant wheezing. Body temperature may be normal or low-grade. General state children usually remain satisfactory. Tachypnea, shortness of breath, and participation of auxiliary muscles in breathing are less pronounced than with bronchiolitis. Severe obstructive bronchitis in children can lead to respiratory failure and the development of acute cor pulmonale.
Chronical bronchitis in children it is characterized by exacerbations of the inflammatory process 2-3 times a year, occurring sequentially for at least two years in a row. Cough is the most constant sign chronic bronchitis in children: during remission it is dry, during exacerbations it is wet. Sputum is coughed up with difficulty and in small quantities; has a mucopurulent or purulent character. There is a low and variable fever. A chronic purulent-inflammatory process in the bronchi can be accompanied by the development of deforming bronchitis and bronchiectasis in children.
Diagnosis of bronchitis in children
Primary diagnosis of bronchitis in children is carried out by a pediatrician, clarification - by a pediatric pulmonologist and a pediatric allergist-immunologist. When establishing the form of bronchitis in children, clinical data (nature of cough and sputum, frequency and duration of exacerbations, course characteristics, etc.), auscultatory data, results of laboratory and instrumental studies are taken into account.
The auscultatory picture of bronchitis in children is characterized by scattered dry (wheezing in case of bronchial obstruction) and moist rales of various sizes.
IN general analysis blood at the height of the severity of the inflammatory process, neutrophilic leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, and an increase in ESR are detected. For allergic bronchitis Children are characterized by eosinophilia. A blood gas study is indicated for bronchiolitis to determine the degree of hypoxemia. Sputum analysis is of particular importance in the diagnosis of bronchitis in children: microscopic examination, sputum culture, AFB test, PCR analysis. If the child is unable to independently cough up bronchial secretions, bronchoscopy with sputum collection is performed.
X-ray of the lungs with bronchitis in children reveals an increase in the pulmonary pattern, especially in the hilar zones. When performing an FVD, a child may experience moderate obstructive disorders. During the period of exacerbation of chronic bronchitis in children with
Last article updated: 05/03/2018
Respiratory diseases are quite common in children. Of all respiratory diseases in childhood, 50% is acute bronchitis. Bronchitis is manifested by inflammation of the bronchial mucosa, which occurs for various reasons. The peak of bronchitis falls in the spring-autumn and winter seasons, which is directly related to weather conditions and outbreaks of acute respiratory viral infections at this time. A child of any age can get bronchitis. Children at an early age (from birth to 3 years) get sick much more often. The main manifestations of bronchitis are cough (dry or wet), fever and wheezing in the bronchi.
Local pediatrician
- Acute simple bronchitis.
- Acute obstructive bronchitis.
- Bronchiolitis.
- Recurrent obstructive bronchitis.
- Chronical bronchitis.
- Allergic bronchitis.
According to the duration of the disease, bronchitis is divided into acute, recurrent and chronic.
Causes of bronchitis in children
Depending on the cause, viral, bacterial and allergic bronchitis is divided.
Among the viruses, the culprits of bronchitis are most often parainfluenza virus, influenza virus, adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, and mycoplasma.
Among the bacterial pathogens are staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, and hemophilus influenzae. Bronchitis of a bacterial nature often occurs in children with chronic infection in the nasopharynx (adenoiditis, tonsillitis). However, most often the cause is opportunistic bacteria (autoflora) in violation of the excretory and protective functions inner shell bronchi due to acute respiratory infection.
These bacteria constantly circulate in the human body, but do not cause disease in a healthy state.
Allergic bronchitis occurs when inhaling various allergens - chemicals (detergents and perfumes), house dust, natural components (pollen), wool and waste products of pets.
Predisposing factors in the development of bronchitis are considered to be hypothermia or sudden overheating, polluted air and passive smoking. These factors are relevant for children living in big cities.
Acute simple bronchitis
Acute bronchitis in children, as a separate disease, is rare; it usually manifests itself against the background of ARVI symptoms.
Viruses attach to the inner lining of the bronchi, penetrate inside, multiply and damage it, inhibiting the protective properties of the bronchi and creating favorable conditions for bacteria to develop inflammation.
How does acute bronchitis manifest?
Usually, before the signs of bronchitis, there is an increase in body temperature, a headache and throat begins to ache, general weakness, runny nose, coughing, sore throat appear, and sometimes the voice may become hoarse, soreness and pain in the chest.
Cough is the leading symptom of bronchitis. At the beginning of the disease it is a dry cough; on days 4–8 it softens and becomes moist. It happens that children complain about discomfort or chest tenderness that gets worse when you cough. These are signs of tracheobronchitis.
Children differ from adults in that they usually swallow mucus rather than spit. Therefore, it is quite difficult to determine whether it is mucous or purulent. Usually, by the second week of illness, the cough becomes moist and the body temperature drops.
For the most part, acute bronchitis is benign and recovery occurs within two weeks.
Protracted bronchitis is bronchitis whose treatment lasts more than three weeks.
How to treat acute bronchitis and cough in children?
- Bed rest is recommended for the entire period of fever and for 2-3 days after it decreases.
- Plenty of warm drinks are recommended.
- Nutrition and diet for bronchitis must be complete, balanced, and enriched with vitamins.
- Thorough wet cleaning and ventilation of the room should be carried out.
- Antiviral drugs (Arbidol, Anaferon, Viferon) are prescribed by a doctor. Their use is effective only when started no later than 2 days from the onset of the disease.
- For fever above 38.5 degrees Celsius, antipyretic drugs are prescribed in age-specific dosages (Nurofen, Efferalgan, Tsefekon).
- Expectorants and mucolytics are prescribed to make sputum less thick and facilitate its elimination (ACC, Ambroxol, Gerbion, Ascoril). This is the main element of treatment.
- Antitussive drugs (Sinekod) are prescribed only for obsessive, painful cough.
- Antihistamines (antiallergic) drugs are prescribed only to children with pronounced signs allergies.
- Alkaline inhalations (with the addition of soda or mineral water) are recommended.
- Physiotherapy for acute bronchitis in a clinic is rarely prescribed. In the hospital, at the height of the disease, ultraviolet radiation and UHF are prescribed to the chest. After the exacerbation subsides, diadynamic currents (DDT) and electrophoresis are prescribed.
Antibiotics are not usually prescribed for the treatment of acute bronchitis.
Prescription of antibiotics is indicated:
- children under one year old with moderate and severe disease;
- if the temperature is above 38.5˚Ϲ lasts 3 days.
The bacterial drug is taken strictly following the doctor’s prescriptions and age-specific dosages.
Caring for a child with bronchitis
A sick child needs the care and concern of loving relatives who are ready to unquestioningly carry out the doctor’s orders and provide the necessary conditions for recovery.
After an exacerbation, it is useful to undergo rehabilitation treatment at least once a year in a sanatorium in your region.
Outside of exacerbation in summer it is useful spa treatment in sanatoriums on the southern coast (Crimea, Anapa).
During the period of remission it is also important to follow a number of recommendations:
- Provide a hypoallergenic environment at home.
- Do therapeutic exercises and massage. Children can participate in physical education lessons as part of a preparatory group.
- Identify and treat foci of chronic infection.
- Herbal medicine and immunomodulator courses.
- Morning exercises, hardening, going out into nature on weekends, preferably outside the city.
With proper treatment, most patients get better or get sick much less often. In some children, the disease develops into allergic obstructive bronchitis or.
Aspiration bronchitis
This type of bronchitis develops due to fluid entering the respiratory passages. This occurs when swallowing is impaired in premature infants and children with birth trauma, and also when congenital defects development of the esophagus (narrowing of the esophagus, esophagotracheal fistulas).
Factors indicating aspiration bronchitis:
- Bronchitis during the neonatal period.
- Coughing attacks, wheezing. They occur during feeding or when changing body position.
- Milk pours out through the nose.
- An exacerbation begins without signs of ARVI with normal temperature bodies.
- Swallowing disorders, neurological disorders in children with repeated bronchitis.
Treatment of aspiration bronchitis is to eliminate the cause of fluid entering the lumen of the child’s respiratory passages.
Recurrent obstructive bronchitis
This is bronchitis, which periodically recurs against the background of ARVI in children under 3 years of age. In some children it is the onset of bronchial asthma.
The main factor in the development of recurrent obstructive bronchitis (ROB) is bronchial hyperreactivity as a result of inflammation.
Inflammation is caused by:
- infectious factors (chlamydia, mycoplasma);
- non-infectious factors (passive smoking, physical activity).
The main links of the development mechanism include a number of factors:
- Bronchospasm is a narrowing of the bronchi as a result of contraction of the muscles of the bronchi under the influence of an irritant.
- Thickening of the inner lining of the bronchi due to edema.
- Increased secretion of bronchial mucus and impaired secretion.
- Partial or complete blockage of the bronchus with viscous mucus.
Predisposing factors for the development of ROB:
- maternal smoking during pregnancy and passive smoking;
- previous bronchiolitis;
- neuroses and vegetative-vascular dystonia.
An exacerbation develops during acute respiratory viral infection and is manifested by symptoms of obstructive bronchitis. The infection can be present in the body for several weeks and months and become more active during ARVI, manifesting itself as bronchial obstruction.
Treatment of a patient during an exacerbation is similar to the treatment of acute obstructive bronchitis.
During the period of remission, preventive anti-relapse treatment is prescribed. For this purpose, aerosol inhalations are used (Fenoterol, Berodual, Seretide). If the exacerbation is caused by physical factors (cold air, physical activity) are prescribed Intal, Tailed.
Allergic bronchitis
In children, it begins as a consequence of the inflammatory process in the bronchus when exposed to a variety of allergens. Allergens irritate the inner surface of the bronchi when inhaling, and a cough appears. This cough is called.
Allergists believe that allergic diseases cannot be cured completely, but it is possible to identify and, if possible, eliminate the allergen from the child’s environment, reduce the number of exacerbations and achieve a fairly long-term remission.
Causes leading to the development of allergic bronchitis
The leading cause of development is the entry of allergens into the child’s body through breathing.
The most common allergens:
- pollen of wild and indoor plants;
- hair and other particles of pets (feathers, food, excretions);
- chemicals used in everyday life (detergents, cosmetics, perfumes);
- house and book dust;
- medicines.
Manifestations
Allergic bronchitis manifests itself:
- persistent, paroxysmal, predominantly (at first it is, as a rule, dry, later it turns into wet);
- difficulty breathing or shortness of breath;
- dry, wet or wheezing wheezing, which the doctor hears during auscultation;
- deterioration of condition and well-being when an allergen enters the body.
Symptoms of bronchitis may be combined with other symptoms allergic diseases(nasal congestion, watery eyes and redness of the eyes, skin rashes).
Differences between allergic bronchitis and bronchial asthma:
- Wheezing is heard when inhaling.
- Bronchitis is not characterized by asthma attacks.
How to treat allergic bronchitis?
- The main thing is to identify and eliminate exposure to the allergen.
- Antihistamines (Suprastin, Tavegil). They can be taken in tablet form or given as injections. Eliminate or reduce the manifestations of allergies.
- Expectorants (Bromhexine, Pertussin, Mucaltin, herbal teas). Helps remove mucus.
- Bronchodilators (Intal, Salbutamol). Eliminate bronchospasm, thereby making breathing easier.
- In some cases, courses of inhaled glucocorticoids (Flixotide, Seretide) are prescribed. Eliminate inflammation and allergies.
- ASIT. This is a specific immunotherapy that reduces the child’s sensitivity to allergens.
For the health of the child, it is important to promptly identify and eliminate the allergen from the environment, as well as to properly treat the baby, following the recommendations of the allergist.
Diagnosis of bronchitis in children
If there are complaints of coughing or difficulty breathing, the child is examined by a pediatrician. The doctor performs auscultation of the lungs, determining the presence and nature of wheezing.
After examination, if necessary, the following is prescribed:
- general blood analysis. Inflammatory changes are determined in it;
- lungs. An enhanced pulmonary pattern is visible;
- sputum culture to determine the pathogen;
- bronchoscopy.
Based on the results of the examination, a conclusion is drawn, a diagnosis is made and treatment is prescribed at home or, if necessary, in a hospital.
Why is bronchitis dangerous in children?
If proper treatment is started on time, bronchitis does not pose a danger to children, and children recover after a few weeks.
However, in young children, due to the peculiarities of the respiratory tract, there is a risk of acute bronchitis becoming obstructive, as well as the risk of developing bronchiolitis and pneumonia (pneumonia).
In young children with obstructive bronchitis, blockage of the bronchi may occur, and the child may suffocate.
With bronchiolitis, the danger lies in the development of apnea (stopping breathing), lack of emergency assistance leads to the death of the child.
In a child prone to allergies, recurrent obstructive bronchitis can develop into bronchial asthma.
How to quickly cure bronchitis in a child?
Unfortunately, it is impossible to quickly cure bronchitis. This disease does not go away on its own. Parents will have to try to cure the child. With simple bronchitis without complications, recovery occurs after two weeks. Exacerbations of recurrent bronchitis can last even longer - up to 2 - 3 months.
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When a child is sick, Special attention focuses on the effectiveness and safety of treatment. Traditional methods treatments often combine these two requirements and are therefore widely used for children.
How to quickly cure bronchitis in a child at home? What products can be used, and can similar products be used to treat pneumonia?
The inside of the bronchi is lined with a mucous membrane, which is extremely important for the normal functioning of the respiratory tract. If the mucous membrane becomes inflamed, bronchitis occurs. This can be facilitated by the ingress of various particles into the air:
- Dust.
- Allergens.
- Viruses.
- Bacteria.
- Toxins.
Normally, trapped particles accumulate on the mucous membrane and are expelled from the body with a cough. When the concentration of infectious agents exceeds the norm, the following occurs in the bronchi:
- Edema.
- Inflammation.
- Excess mucus production.
According to the nature of the course, the following types of bronchitis are distinguished:
- Spicy. Symptoms of the disease increase quickly and subside within a week. In acute bronchitis, the immune system copes well with infection and inflammation, and complications rarely occur.
- Chronic. The symptoms last quite a long time, but are less pronounced than with acute bronchitis. This form is rarely diagnosed in children.
- Obstructive. Often occurs in children under 7 years of age. Severe swelling of the mucous membrane and difficult to separate sputum narrow the lumen of the bronchi, leading to respiratory failure. The drug is prescribed in cases where a coughing attack causes suffocation.
Treatment of bronchitis in children with folk remedies is most effective at the first symptoms of the acute form. To get rid of obstructive cough, as a rule, folk remedies are not enough. The same applies to the treatment of pneumonia. Acute bronchitis, on the contrary, is a condition when the body can cope without medications, and help from folk recipes will be very helpful.
The first symptoms of bronchitis
Most often, bronchitis is a consequence of ARVI, which could not stay in the nasopharynx. The first symptoms may include:
- Irritability or fatigue in the child.
- Dry cough that later becomes wet.
- Possible increase in temperature.
- Sore throat, runny nose.
- Increased sputum production, coughing in the morning.
At the first symptoms, it is not recommended to immediately run to the pharmacy for medications. It's better to use one of folk recipes which are given below. Such procedures will help quickly eliminate symptoms and will be absolutely safe for the child.
If pneumonia is suspected, on the contrary, it is necessary to consult a doctor to prescribe the correct drug.. Typically this is complex therapy, which includes an antibiotic (Azithromycin, Amoxicillin, Sumamed, Amoxiclav) and drugs that help cleanse the respiratory tract (Erespal, Lazolvan).
Rules for parents
Parents need to adhere to the following rules:
- That's right (virus and runny nose or the child is frozen).
- Even if the child is in good general health, his physical and emotional stress should be reduced. Bed rest or quiet walks outside are recommended.
- Maintaining optimal climatic conditions– air temperature about 20 degrees, humidity 60%.
- When you have a fever, you cannot do warming procedures.
- Antitussives are more dangerous than expectorants. The cough should not be stopped, but its cause should be eliminated.
- You can lower your temperature without medications using recipes made from diaphoretics - linden, raspberries, elderberries, raisins.
If you cannot identify the cause yourself or are in doubt, do not risk your child’s health - call a doctor! A competent specialist will tell you how to cure bronchitis as quickly and safely as possible.
Treatment
Very often, folk remedies help get rid of the infection at the very beginning of the disease. Complex composition useful substances, which are found in foods of plant and animal origin, contribute to recovery in several ways:
- Raises the body's own defenses.
- Reduce the inflammatory process.
- They have a detrimental effect on the cause.
Regardless of whether the child is 12 years old or 2 years old, most folk recipes have only a positive effect on the body, unlike pills. The most effective folk remedies are:
When treating a baby, it should be taken into account that the sensitivity of the skin is much higher. Massage should be done with minimal effort, and external products should be spread in a thin layer.
Recipes
With propolis. Frozen propolis should be grated and heated in a water bath with butter. The mixture is filtered and taken three times a day, adding 1 teaspoon to warm milk.
Coniferous. The chopped pine needles are poured with boiling water, infused, sugar is added and cooked until thickened. The result is a very tasty syrup, which is taken several times a day in a tablespoon.
With chocolate. A very effective and tasty mixture for the treatment of bronchitis consists of: aloe, badger fat, chocolate, honey. The ingredients are heated and mixed until smooth. Take 1 tbsp. spoon three times a day.
Onion syrup. 100 g of onion are covered with sugar and left overnight. In the morning, the mixture is pounded into puree and filtered. Take several times a day in small portions.
Onions and honey. A mixture of onion juice and honey has a good bactericidal effect. Children under 8 years old mix 1 teaspoon of each ingredient, over 8 years old - a dessert spoon. The mixture can be further diluted with 50 ml of water.
Honey cake. Prepare a mixture of flour, honey and mustard, and form two flat cakes. Then they are placed on the chest and back, wrapped in something warm. The compress warms up the bronchi well and effectively fights infection.
Potato flatbread. You need to boil and crush 4 potatoes, add soda and form 2 cakes. One is placed on the chest, the second on the back. You need to hold it until the cakes have cooled, and then wipe the skin dry and put the child to sleep.
Honey-vodka compress. The child's chest is smeared with honey, covered with a cloth soaked in vodka and water, cellophane is placed on top and dressed warmly. Leave it overnight.
Mustard plaster with oil. Vegetable oil heated in a frying pan to 50 degrees, mustard plasters are dipped into it and applied to the chest and back area. The child is insulated from above and the compress is left until the morning.
Castor oil. Prepare a mixture of 2 tbsp. spoons castor oil and 1 tbsp. spoons of turpentine. The mixture is heated and rubbed onto the child’s feet, chest and back.
Prevention
Bronchitis can be easily avoided by maintaining local and general immunity at a high level.
Optimal climate and air humidity will help avoid drying out of the mucous membrane and accumulation of sputum. Cool and moist air helps well with spasms of the respiratory tract, eliminating the need to take Berodual for bronchitis
